ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6880-7594
Current Organisations
CSIRO
,
University of Exeter
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Carbon capture engineering (excl. sequestration) | Chemical and thermal processes in energy and combustion | Bioprocessing bioproduction and bioproducts | Chemical engineering |
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-08-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-03-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Abstract: High birth weight is associated with adult body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that birth weight and BMI may partly share a common genetic background. The objective was to examine the associations of 12 established BMI variants in or near the NEGR1, SEC16B, TMEM18, ETV5, GNPDA2, BDNF, MTCH2, BCDIN3D, SH2B1, FTO, MC4R, and KCTD15 genes and their additive score with birth weight. A meta-analysis was conducted with the use of 1) the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk, Hertfordshire, Fenland, and European Youth Heart Study cohorts (n(max) = 14,060) 2) data extracted from the Early Growth Genetics Consortium meta-analysis of 6 genome-wide association studies for birth weight (n(max) = 10,623) and 3) all published data (n(max) = 14,837). Only the MTCH2 and FTO loci showed a nominally significant association with birth weight. The BMI-increasing allele of the MTCH2 variant (rs10838738) was associated with a lower birth weight (β ± SE: -13 ± 5 g/allele P = 0.012 n = 23,680), and the BMI-increasing allele of the FTO variant (rs1121980) was associated with a higher birth weight (β ± SE: 11 ± 4 g/allele P = 0.013 n = 28,219). These results were not significant after correction for multiple testing. Obesity-susceptibility loci have a small or no effect on weight at birth. Some evidence of an association was found for the MTCH2 and FTO loci, ie, lower and higher birth weight, respectively. These findings may provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms by which these loci confer an increased risk of obesity.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-02-2011
DOI: 10.1021/ES1022784
Abstract: The most common method of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) capture is the absorption of CO(2) into a falling thin film of an aqueous amine solution. Modeling of mass transfer during CO(2) absorption is an important way to gain insight and understanding about the underlying processes that are occurring. In this work a new software tool has been used to model CO(2) absorption into aqueous piperazine (PZ) and binary mixtures of PZ with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) or methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). The tool solves partial differential and simultaneous equations describing diffusion and chemical reaction automatically derived from reactions written using chemical notation. It has been demonstrated that by using reactions that are chemically plausible the mass transfer in binary mixtures can be fully described by combining the chemical reactions and their associated parameters determined for single amines. The observed enhanced mass transfer in binary mixtures can be explained through chemical interactions occurring in the mixture without need to resort to using additional reactions or unusual transport phenomena such as the "shuttle mechanism".
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2005
DOI: 10.1002/CEM.936
Abstract: This paper describes kinetic fitting of UV‐visible spectra and energy flow measured as a function of time from a reaction calorimeter, giving a single global model that achieves fusion of spectroscopic and calorimetry data. We demonstrate that a temperature controlled model of a reaction mechanism fitted to in situ spectroscopic measurements can be coupled to an energy balance model, since the amount of energy released by the reaction is proportional to the change in concentration of reactants and products with time. This allows simultaneous determination of the reaction mechanism parameters and the reaction enthalpy by fitting the coupled model to the spectroscopic and temperature data. The resulting model fully characterizes the kinetics and thermochemical properties of reactions that take place during a batch titration reaction of salicylic acid (SA) with acetic anhydride (AA) to form acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). The model comprises a system of ordinary differential equations fit directly to the spectroscopic and calorimetry data. It permits accurate estimates of model parameters producing estimates of concentration and reaction temperature profiles as a function of time, provided a sufficiently accurate description of the reaction mechanism is specified. No standards or pure component spectra were required, giving calibration‐free estimates of concentration and temperature profiles. The parameters estimated in the model include kinetic rate constants and heat of reaction of the reactions observed during the experiment. In addition, heat capacities of reagents flowing into the reactor and thermal transfer coefficients were estimated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-05-2017
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMREV.6B00662
Abstract: We review the literature on the use of computational methods to study the reactions between carbon dioxide and aqueous organic amines used to capture CO
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-06-2007
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE05911
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-06-2012
DOI: 10.1021/ES300541T
Abstract: The kinetics of the fast reversible carbamate formation reaction of CO(2)(aq) with a series of substituted cyclic secondary amines as well as the noncyclic secondary amine diethanolamine (DEA) has been investigated using the stopped-flow spectrophotometric technique at 25.0 °C. The kinetics of the slow parallel reversible reaction between HCO(3)(-) and amine has also been determined for a number of the amines by (1)H NMR spectroscopy at 25.0 °C. The rate of the reversible reactions and the equilibrium constants for the formation of carbamic acid/carbamate from the reactions of CO(2) and HCO(3)(-) with the amines are reported. In terms of the forward reaction of CO(2)(aq) with amine, the order with increasing rate constants is as follows: diethanolamine (DEA) < morpholine (MORP) ~ thiomorpholine (TMORP) < N-methylpiperazine (N-MPIPZ) < 4-piperidinemethanol (4-PIPDM) ~ piperidine (PIPD) < pyrrolidine (PYR). Both 2-piperidinemethanol (2-PIPDM) and 2-piperidineethanol (2-PIPDE) do not form carbamates. For the carbamate forming amines a Brønsted correlation relating the protonation constant of the amine to the carbamic acid formation rate and equilibrium constants at 25.0 °C has been established. The overall suitability of an amine for PCC in terms of kinetics and energy is discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-01-2018
Abstract: In an effort to advance the understanding of multiamine based CO
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-11-2011
DOI: 10.1021/JP2081462
Abstract: The temperature dependence of the reversible reaction between CO(2)(aq) and monoethanolamine (MEA) has been investigated using stopped-flow spectrophotometry by following the pH changes during the reactions with colored acid-base indicators. Multivariate global analysis of both the forward and backward kinetic measurements for the reaction of CO(2)(aq) with MEA yielded the rate and equilibrium constants, including the protonation constant of MEA carbamate, for the temperature range of 15-45 °C. Analysis of the rate and equilibrium constants in terms of the Arrhenius, Eyring, and van't Hoff relationships gave the relevant thermodynamic parameters. In addition, the rate and equilibrium constants for the slow, reversible reaction of bicarbonate with MEA are reported at 25.0 °C. At high pH, reactions of the amine with CO(2) and with bicarbonate are significant.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1039/B504129E
Abstract: With the success of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)), strong interest has developed in the application of inorganic metal complexes to the treatment of cancer. Research has focused on platinum(II) complexes with a variety of spectator ligands that provide novel physicochemical properties. In this paper we report a kinetic study of 1',1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenedichloroplatinum(II) and two related compounds with either an acetate or amide ester substituent attached to the cyclopentadienyl ring. For all compounds the reactivity towards L-cysteine and L-methionine in aqueous solution has been investigated (25 degrees C, I= 0.010 M and pseudo-first-order conditions). For the reactions with l-cysteine and l-methionine the reactions proceeded via a steady-state aquated intermediate to form mono (0.92(2)-3.25(4)) x 10(-3) s(-1)) and bis adducts (0.97(2)-3.67(4)) x 10(-4) s(-1)). For reactions with l-cysteine, direct reactions with the starting complex also contributed (mono adduct: 0.36(2)-1.41(4) M(-1) s(-1), bis adduct: 0.080(1)-0.96(1) M(-1) s(-1)). The attached substituents were found to have a significant effect upon the reaction kinetics, with the substituted complexes found to have increased reactivity. It is proposed that the increased reactivity stems from hydrogen bonding between the substituent and the entering ligand and subsequent outer-sphere complex stabilisation. Evidence in support of this theory was obtained form measurements in dichloromethane with 1-propanethiol as the entering ligand. The reactivity of the dppf containing complexes was also compared to that of cisplatin (mono adduct: (0.170(1)-0.175(1)) x 10(-3) s(-1), bis adduct: (0.183(1)-0.397(1)) x 10(-4) s(-1)) and found to be significantly enhanced.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-09-2016
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE19806
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-10-2014
DOI: 10.1021/IE503195X
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-09-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-12-2012
DOI: 10.1038/NG.2477
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-11-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3DT52890A
Abstract: In the current work ultraviolet spectrophotometric titrations at different S(iv) concentrations have been globally analysed using the entire spectral dataset to determine the complete speciation of S(iv) in aqueous solution over a large pH range (from 9.6 to 1). As a result, the dimerisation constant for the formation of disulfite from hydrogen sulfite has been accurately determined. Further, protonated disulfite has been identified and quantified for the first time. In addition, the molar absorptivities of all S(iv) species are also reported over the studied wavelength range.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-04-2014
DOI: 10.1021/ES500667S
Abstract: To reduce CO2 emission into the atmosphere, particularly from coal-fired power stations, post combustion capture (PCC) using amine-based solvents to chemically absorb CO2 has been extensively developed. From an infrastructure viewpoint, the faster the absorption of CO2, the smaller the absorber required. The use of catalysts for this process has been broadly studied. In this manuscript, a study of the catalytic efficiencies of inorganic oxoanions such as arsenite, arsenate, phosphite, phosphate, and borate is described. The kinetics of the accelerated CO2 absorption at 25 °C was investigated using stopped-flow spectrophotometry. The catalytic rate constants of these anions for the reaction of CO2 with H2O were determined to be 137.7(3), 30.3(7), 69(2), 32.7(9), and 13.66(7) M(-1)s(-1), respectively. A new mechanism for the catalytic reaction of oxoanions with CO2 has also been proposed. The applicability of these catalysts to PCC was further studied by simulation of the absorption process under PCC conditions using their experimental catalytic rate constants. Arsenite and phosphite were confirmed to be the best catalysts for CO2 capture. However, considering the toxicological effect of arsenic and the oxidative instability of phosphite, phosphate would be the most promising inorganic catalyst for PCC process from the series of inorganic oxoanions studied.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 12-10-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-2014
DOI: 10.1021/IE502256M
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-11-2018
Abstract: The high energy consumption of CO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-06-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 07-02-2013
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-2009
DOI: 10.1021/JP810564Z
Abstract: Removal of carbon dioxide from fossil-based power generation is a potentially useful technique for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Reversible interaction with aqueous amine solutions is most promising. In this process, the formation of carbamates is an important reaction of carbon dioxide. In this contribution, a detailed molecular reaction mechanism for the carbamate formation between MEA (monoethanolamine) and dissolved CO(2) as well as carbonate species in aqueous solution is presented. There are three parallel, reversible reactions of the free amine with CO(2), carbonic acid, and the bicarbonate ion the relative importance of the three paths is strongly pH dependent. Kinetic and equilibrium measurements are based on (1)H NMR and stopped-flow measurements with rate constants, equilibrium constants, and protonation constants being reported.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-10-2012
DOI: 10.1021/IE302056F
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-08-2021
DOI: 10.1002/GHG.2114
Abstract: The industrial application of emerging water‐lean solvents to CO 2 capture from flue gas is challenged by their high viscosity. In this work, we report a novel water‐lean CO 2 solvent which possesses lower viscosity and higher CO 2 cyclic capacity than other water‐lean solvents reported in the literature. The new solvent consists of N, N ‐dimethyl‐1, 2‐ethanediamine (DMEDA), physical cosolvent N ‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) and up to 15% water (named ENH). We evaluated the effect of the solvent composition on the viscosity, CO 2 cyclic capacity and regeneration energy of ENH and compared it with the reference monoethanolamine (MEA) based solvents. It was found that ENH containing 5% H 2 O (ENH‐5%H 2 O) with a CO 2 loading of 0.767 mol CO 2 ·mol amine –1 had a viscosity of 7.603 mPa·S at 40 ˚C, which was comparable with that of traditional blended amines. Excellent cyclic capacity performance was also observed, with ENH‐5% H 2 O showing a 140% improvement compared to aqueous MEA. Regeneration energy of ENH‐5% H 2 O was estimated to be 2.418 GJ·tCO 2 –1 which is 36% lower than the 30 wt. % aqueous MEA solvent. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Publisher: Swiss Chemical Society
Date: 09-2006
Abstract: The rapid and complete characterization of chemical reaction mechanisms and their associated heat production is of the utmost importance in terms of chemical understanding and process safety and efficiency. In this contribution a new small volume (25–50 ml) combined reaction calorimeter (CRC) will be described. With this reactor it is possible to make calibration free calorimetry measurements and in situ mid-IR measurements simultaneously as well as gas consumption roduction measurements in pressure-proof versions. The application of this reactor to the industrially relevant solvent free esterification of 1-butanol by acetic anhydride followed using calorimetry and mid-IR spectroscopy (a common reaction in the synthesis of many solvents, pharmaceuticals and perfumes) will be demonstrated. The results for this chemical system are presented in conjunction with a description of data analysis techniques allowing kinetic model fitting simultaneously to the different types of in situ measurements.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C7EE02342A
Abstract: Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is vital to climate change mitigation, and has application across the economy, in addition to facilitating atmospheric carbon dioxide removal resulting in emissions offsets and net negative emissions. This contribution reviews the state-of-the-art and identifies key challenges which must be overcome in order to pave the way for its large-scale deployment.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-05-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP312118E
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-06-2021
Abstract: The development of Cu‐based catalysts for the electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (eCO 2 RR) is of major interest for generating commercially important C 2 liquid products such as ethanol. Cu is exclusive among the eCO 2 RR metallic catalysts in that it facilitates the formation of a range of highly reduced C 2 products, with a reasonable total faradaic efficiency but poor product selectivity. Here, a series of new sulfide‐derived copper‐cadmium catalysts (SD‐Cu x Cd y ) was developed. An excellent faradaic efficiency of around 32 % but with a relatively low current density of 0.6 mA cm −2 for ethanol was obtained using the SD‐CuCd 2 catalyst at the relatively low overpotential of 0.89 V in a CO 2 ‐saturated aqueous 0.10 m KHCO 3 solution with an H‐cell. The current density increased by an order of magnitude under similar conditions using a flow cell where the mass transport rate for CO 2 was greatly enhanced. Ex situ spectroscopic and microscopic, and voltammetric investigations pointed to the role of abundant phase boundaries between CdS and Cu + /Cu sites in the SD‐CuCd 2 catalyst in enhancing the selectivity and efficiency of ethanol formation at low potentials.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2016
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-07-2009
DOI: 10.1021/ES901376A
Abstract: The significant and rapid reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is recognized as necessary to mitigate the potential climate effects from global warming. The postcombustion capture (PCC) and storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced from the use of fossil fuels for electricity generation is a key technology needed to achieve these reductions. The most mature technology for CO2 capture is reversible chemical absorption into an aqueous amine solution. In this study the results from measurements of the CO2 absorption capacity of aqueous amine solutions for 76 different amines are presented. Measurements were made using both a novel isothermal gravimetric analysis (IGA) method and a traditional absorption apparatus. Seven amines, consisting of one primary, three secondary, and three tertiary amines, were identified as exhibiting outstanding absorption capacities. Most have a number of structural features in common including steric hindrance and hydroxyl functionality 2 or 3 carbons from the nitrogen. Initial CO2 absorption rate data from the IGA measurements was also used to indicate relative absorption rates. Most of the outstanding performers in terms of capacity also showed initial absorption rates comparable to the industry standard monoethanolamine (MEA). This indicates, in terms of both absorption capacity and kinetics, that they are promising candidates for further investigation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2006
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-12-2019
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1039/B301488F
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-05-2008
DOI: 10.1038/NG.140
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: No publisher found
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.5517/CCN859C
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-05-2006
DOI: 10.1021/IE0509591
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-12-2013
DOI: 10.1021/ES3025885
Abstract: The present study reports (a) the determination of both the kinetic rate constants and equilibrium constants for the reaction of CO(2)(aq) with sterically hindered amines and (b) an attempt to elucidate a fundamental chemical understanding of the relationship between the amine structure and chemical properties of the amine that are relevant for postcombustion capture of CO(2) (PCC) applications. The reactions of CO(2)(aq) with a series of linear and methyl substituted primary amines and alkanolamines have been investigated using stopped-flow spectrophotometry and (1)H NMR measurements at 25.0 °C. The specific mechanism of absorption for each of the amines, that is CO(2) hydration and/or carbamate formation, is examined and, based on the mechanism, the kinetic and equilibrium constants for the formation of carbamic acid/carbamates, including protonation constants of the carbamate, are reported for amines that follow this pathway. A Brønsted correlation relating the kinetic rate constants and equilibrium constants for the formation of carbamic acid/carbamates with the protonation constant of the amine is reported. Such a relationship facilitates an understanding of the effects of steric and electronic properties of the amine toward its reactivity with CO(2). Further, such relationships can be used to guide the design of new amines with improved properties relevant to PCC applications.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-09-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-017-00556-X
Abstract: There are few ex les of robust associations between rare copy number variants (CNVs) and complex continuous human traits. Here we present a large-scale CNV association meta-analysis on anthropometric traits in up to 191,161 adult s les from 26 cohorts. The study reveals five CNV associations at 1q21.1, 3q29, 7q11.23, 11p14.2, and 18q21.32 and confirms two known loci at 16p11.2 and 22q11.21, implicating at least one anthropometric trait. The discovered CNVs are recurrent and rare (0.01–0.2%), with large effects on height ( .4 cm), weight ( kg), and body mass index (BMI) ( .5 kg/m 2 ). Burden analysis shows a 0.41 cm decrease in height, a 0.003 increase in waist-to-hip ratio and increase in BMI by 0.14 kg/m 2 for each Mb of total deletion burden ( P = 2.5 × 10 −10 , 6.0 × 10 −5 , and 2.9 × 10 −3 ). Our study provides evidence that the same genes (e.g., MC4R , FIBIN , and FMO5 ) harbor both common and rare variants affecting body size and that anthropometric traits share genetic loci with developmental and psychiatric disorders.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2022
Abstract: Pd is an attractive electrocatalyst for the conversion of CO 2 to CO. Herein, we report the synthesis of ultrathin Pd nanosheets with a (111) exposed facet which enables CO evolution to be achieved in a CO 2 saturated 0.1 m KHCO 3 solution in a conventional H‐cell with a faradaic efficiency of 74±4 % at −0.75 V vs RHE and a partial current density (calculated based on the geometric area) of −0.65 mA cm −2 . Further, to reduce the cost, Cu was introduced into the Pd nanosheets to form Cu x Pd y bimetallic alloy nanosheets with (111) exposed planes. The composition of the Cu x Pd y alloy played a significant role in determining the nature of the nanosheet structure and the product selectivity. When 50 % of the Pd was replaced by Cu, competitive CO evolution could still be achieved relative to use of purely Pd nanosheets with 57±5 % of CO achieved at −0.85 V vs RHE and a partial current density of −0.9 mA cm −2 . Under flow‐cell conditions with a higher CO 2 mass transport rate, CuPd nanosheets exhibited enhanced current densities in the range of −5 mA cm −2 to −35 mA cm −2 but with a negligible change in faradaic efficiencies irrespective of the applied potential in a 1.0 m KHCO 3 medium. The use of a 1.0 m KOH solution further improved the catalytic performance generating 71±3 % of CO with a partial current density of −58±2 mA cm −2 at a low potential of −0.6 V vs RHE. Post electrolysis characterization revealed structural transformations occurred during electrolysis that impacted the product selectivity of some catalysts.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 14-07-2011
DOI: 10.1093/HMG/DDR309
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-09-2200
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-019-11881-8
Abstract: The duration of pregnancy is influenced by fetal and maternal genetic and non-genetic factors. Here we report a fetal genome-wide association meta-analysis of gestational duration, and early preterm, preterm, and postterm birth in 84,689 infants. One locus on chromosome 2q13 is associated with gestational duration the association is replicated in 9,291 additional infants (combined P = 3.96 × 10 −14 ). Analysis of 15,588 mother-child pairs shows that the association is driven by fetal rather than maternal genotype. Functional experiments show that the lead SNP, rs7594852, alters the binding of the HIC1 transcriptional repressor. Genes at the locus include several interleukin 1 family members with roles in pro-inflammatory pathways that are central to the process of parturition. Further understanding of the underlying mechanisms will be of great public health importance, since giving birth either before or after the window of term gestation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2017
DOI: 10.1038/IJO.2017.248
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-02-2006
DOI: 10.1016/J.TALANTA.2005.07.054
Abstract: Non-linear equations can be used to model the measured potential of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) as a function of time. This can be done by using non-linear least squares regression to fit parameters of non-linear equations to an ISE response curve. In iterative non-linear least squares regression (which can be considered as local optimisers), the determination of starting parameter estimates that yield convergence to the global optimum can be difficult. Starting values away from the global optimum can lead to either abortive ergence or convergence to a local optimum. To address this issue, a global optimisation technique was used to find initial parameter estimates near the global optimum for subsequent further refinement to the absolute optimum. A genetic algorithm has been applied to two non-linear equations relating the measured potential from selected ISEs to time. The parameter estimates found from the genetic algorithm were used as starting values for non-linear least squares regression, and subsequent refinement to the absolute optimum. This approach was successfully used for both expressions with measured data from three different ISEs namely, calcium, chloride and lead ISEs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-08-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-06-2017
Abstract: Novel absorbents with improved characteristics are required to reduce the existing cost and environmental barriers to deployment of large scale CO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1995
DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)80416-0
Abstract: Amyl nitrite may be used to provoke latent gradients in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) without significant resting outflow tract gradients, but afterload reduction may not be comparable to a more physiologic stressor such as symptom-limited exercise testing. This study compared the ability of amyl nitrite and exercise testing to provoke outflow tract gradients in 57 patients (40 men and 17 women, mean age +/- SD 49 +/- 16 years) with HC (septal thickness 19 +/- 5 mm, average resting gradient 13 +/- 10 mm Hg) who underwent echocardiography at rest, after amyl nitrite inhalation, and after maximal exercise. No significant gradient (< 50 mm Hg) was induced after either provocation in 26 patients (46%) in 15 patients (26%), inducibility was achieved after both stressors, in 6 (11%) after exercise only, and in 10 (18%) after amyl only. Patients with amyl-induced gradients differed from those in whom gradients were noninducible on the basis of smaller outflow tract dimensions (p < 0.001), larger resting gradients (p < 0.001), and a greater prevalence of "septal bulge" morphology (p = 0.02). Those with exercise-induced gradients were able to attain a greater workload (p = 0.07), have larger resting gradients (p = 0.02), and also tended to have a septal bulge morphology (p < or = 0.01). Although outflow tract obstruction increased to similar levels after amyl nitrite (49 +/- 39 mm Hg) and symptom-limited exercise (47 +/- 39 mm Hg), gradients induced by exercise and amyl correlated poorly (r = 0.54).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-01-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP310560B
Abstract: Piperazine (PZ) is widely recognized as a promising solvent for postcombustion capture (PCC) of carbon dioxide (CO(2)). In view of the highly conflicting data describing the kinetic reactions of CO(2)(aq) in piperazine solutions, the present study focuses on the identification of the chemical mechanism, specifically the kinetic pathways for CO(2)(aq) in piperazine solutions that form the mono- and dicarbamates, using the analysis of stopped-flow spectrophotometric kinetic measurements and (1)H NMR spectroscopic data at 25.0 °C. The complete set of rate and equilibrium constants for the kinetic pathways, including estimations for the protonation constants of the suite of piperazine carbamates/carbamic acids, is reported here using an extended kinetic model which incorporates all possible reactions for CO(2)(aq) in piperazine solutions. From the kinetic data determined in the present study, the reaction of CO(2)(aq) with free PZ was found to be the dominant reactive pathway. The superior reactivity of piperazine is confirmed in the kinetic rate constant determined for the formation of piperazine monocarbamic acid (k(7) = 2.43(3) × 10(4) M(-1) s(-1)), which is within the wide range of published values, making it one of the faster reacting amines. The corresponding equilibrium constant for the formation of the monocarbamic acid, K(7), markedly exceeds that of other monoamines. Kinetic and equilibrium constants for the remaining pathways indicate a minor contribution to the overall kinetics at high pH however, these pathways may become more significant at higher CO(2) loadings and lower pH values where the concentrations of the reactive species are correspondingly higher.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-01-2006
DOI: 10.1021/OM051021A
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-08-2018
Abstract: Evaluation of amine absorbents is crucial for the development of a technically and economically feasible CO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-04-2010
DOI: 10.1038/NG.567
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-09-2012
DOI: 10.1093/HMG/DDS372
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-12-2020
DOI: 10.1002/CEM.3207
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2006
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-05-2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-05-2011
DOI: 10.1021/JP108491A
Abstract: The kinetics of the interactions of aqueous ammonia with aqueous carbon dioxide/carbonate species has been investigated using stopped-flow techniques by monitoring the pH changes via indicators. The reactions include the reversible formation of ammonium carbamate/carbamic acid. A complete reaction mechanism has been established, and the temperature dependence of all rate and equilibrium constants including the protonation constant of the amine between 15 and 45 °C are reported and analyzed in terms of Arrhenius, Eyring, and van't Hoff relationships.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 16-06-2017
DOI: 10.1101/150516
Abstract: Early childhood growth patterns are associated with adult metabolic health, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We performed genome-wide meta-analyses and follow-up in up to 22,769 European children for six early growth phenotypes derived from longitudinal data: peak height and weight velocities, age and body mass index (BMI) at adiposity peak (AP ~ 9 months) and rebound (AR ~ 5-6 years). We identified four associated loci ( P 5x10 −8 ): LEPR/LEPROT with BMI at AP, FTO and TFAP2B with Age at AR and GNPDA2 with BMI at AR. The observed AR-associated SNPs at FTO, TFAP2B and GNPDA2 represent known adult BMI-associated variants. The common BMI at AP associated variant at LEPR/LEPROT was not associated with adult BMI but was associated with LEPROT gene expression levels, especially in subcutaneous fat ( P x10 −51 ). We identify strong positive genetic correlations between early growth and later adiposity traits, and analysis of the full discovery stage results for Age at AR revealed enrichment for insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling and apolipoprotein pathways. This genome-wide association study suggests mechanistic links between early childhood growth and adiposity in later childhood and adulthood, highlighting these early growth phenotypes as potential targets for the prevention of obesity.
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 06-09-2019
Abstract: Longitudinal data find a new variant controlling BMI in infancy and reveal genetic differences between infant and adult BMI.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-05-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2004
Location: Australia
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 08-2023
End Date: 08-2029
Amount: $5,000,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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