ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0076-8434
Current Organisations
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
,
BI Stepanov Institute of Physics
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Publications
Obesity and brain structure in schizophrenia – ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-06-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41380-022-01616-5
Abstract: Schizophrenia is frequently associated with obesity, which is linked with neurostructural alterations. Yet, we do not understand how the brain correlates of obesity map onto the brain changes in schizophrenia. We obtained MRI-derived brain cortical and subcortical measures and body mass index (BMI) from 1260 in iduals with schizophrenia and 1761 controls from 12 independent research sites within the ENIGMA-Schizophrenia Working Group. We jointly modeled the statistical effects of schizophrenia and BMI using mixed effects. BMI was additively associated with structure of many of the same brain regions as schizophrenia, but the cortical and subcortical alterations in schizophrenia were more widespread and pronounced. Both BMI and schizophrenia were primarily associated with changes in cortical thickness, with fewer correlates in surface area. While, BMI was negatively associated with cortical thickness, the significant associations between BMI and surface area or subcortical volumes were positive. Lastly, the brain correlates of obesity were replicated among large studies and closely resembled neurostructural changes in major depressive disorders. We confirmed widespread associations between BMI and brain structure in in iduals with schizophrenia. People with both obesity and schizophrenia showed more pronounced brain alterations than people with only one of these conditions. Obesity appears to be a relevant factor which could account for heterogeneity of brain imaging findings and for differences in brain imaging outcomes among people with schizophrenia.
Large-scale mapping of cortical alterations in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: Convergence with idiopathic psychosis and effects of deletion size
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-06-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41380-018-0078-5
Abstract: The 22q11.2 deletion (22q11DS) is a common chromosomal microdeletion and a potent risk factor for psychotic illness. Prior studies reported widespread cortical changes in 22q11DS, but were generally underpowered to characterize neuroanatomic abnormalities associated with psychosis in 22q11DS, and/or neuroanatomic effects of variability in deletion size. To address these issues, we developed the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics Through Meta-Analysis) 22q11.2 Working Group, representing the largest analysis of brain structural alterations in 22q11DS to date. The imaging data were collected from 10 centers worldwide, including 474 subjects with 22q11DS (age = 18.2 ± 8.6 46.9% female) and 315 typically developing, matched controls (age = 18.0 ± 9.2 45.9% female). Compared to controls, 22q11DS in iduals showed thicker cortical gray matter overall (left/right hemispheres: Cohen’s d = 0.61/0.65), but focal thickness reduction in temporal and cingulate cortex. Cortical surface area (SA), however, showed pervasive reductions in 22q11DS (left/right hemispheres: d = −1.01/−1.02). 22q11DS cases vs. controls were classified with 93.8% accuracy based on these neuroanatomic patterns. Comparison of 22q11DS-psychosis to idiopathic schizophrenia (ENIGMA-Schizophrenia Working Group) revealed significant convergence of affected brain regions, particularly in fronto-temporal cortex. Finally, cortical SA was significantly greater in 22q11DS cases with smaller 1.5 Mb deletions, relative to those with typical 3 Mb deletions. We found a robust neuroanatomic signature of 22q11DS, and the first evidence that deletion size impacts brain structure. Psychotic illness in this highly penetrant deletion was associated with similar neuroanatomic abnormalities to idiopathic schizophrenia. These consistent cross-site findings highlight the homogeneity of this single genetic etiology, and support the suitability of 22q11DS as a biological model of schizophrenia.
Brain ageing in schizophrenia: evidence from 26 international cohorts via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-12-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41380-022-01897-W
Abstract: Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with an increased risk of life-long cognitive impairments, age-related chronic disease, and premature mortality. We investigated evidence for advanced brain ageing in adult SZ patients, and whether this was associated with clinical characteristics in a prospective meta-analytic study conducted by the ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group. The study included data from 26 cohorts worldwide, with a total of 2803 SZ patients (mean age 34.2 years range 18–72 years 67% male) and 2598 healthy controls (mean age 33.8 years, range 18–73 years, 55% male). Brain-predicted age was in idually estimated using a model trained on independent data based on 68 measures of cortical thickness and surface area, 7 subcortical volumes, lateral ventricular volumes and total intracranial volume, all derived from T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Deviations from a healthy brain ageing trajectory were assessed by the difference between brain-predicted age and chronological age (brain-predicted age difference [brain-PAD]). On average, SZ patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +3.55 years (95% CI: 2.91, 4.19 I 2 = 57.53%) compared to controls, after adjusting for age, sex and site (Cohen’s d = 0.48). Among SZ patients, brain-PAD was not associated with specific clinical characteristics (age of onset, duration of illness, symptom severity, or antipsychotic use and dose). This large-scale collaborative study suggests advanced structural brain ageing in SZ. Longitudinal studies of SZ and a range of mental and somatic health outcomes will help to further evaluate the clinical implications of increased brain-PAD and its ability to be influenced by interventions.
The ENIGMA Consortium: large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-01-2014
Vanadium oxide supported on non-stoichiometric strontium hydroxyapatite catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-octane
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Correction: Obesity and brain structure in schizophrenia – ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-07-2022
Cortical and subcortical neuroanatomical signatures of schizotypy in 3004 individuals assessed in a worldwide ENIGMA study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-10-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41380-021-01359-9
Abstract: Neuroanatomical abnormalities have been reported along a continuum from at-risk stages, including high schizotypy, to early and chronic psychosis. However, a comprehensive neuroanatomical mapping of schizotypy remains to be established. The authors conducted the first large-scale meta-analyses of cortical and subcortical morphometric patterns of schizotypy in healthy in iduals, and compared these patterns with neuroanatomical abnormalities observed in major psychiatric disorders. The s le comprised 3004 unmedicated healthy in iduals (12–68 years, 46.5% male) from 29 cohorts of the worldwide ENIGMA Schizotypy working group. Cortical and subcortical effect size maps with schizotypy scores were generated using standardized methods. Pattern similarities were assessed between the schizotypy-related cortical and subcortical maps and effect size maps from comparisons of schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD) and major depression (MDD) patients with controls. Thicker right medial orbitofrontal/ventromedial prefrontal cortex (mOFC/vmPFC) was associated with higher schizotypy scores ( r = 0.067, p FDR = 0.02). The cortical thickness profile in schizotypy was positively correlated with cortical abnormalities in SZ ( r = 0.285, p spin = 0.024), but not BD ( r = 0.166, p spin = 0.205) or MDD ( r = −0.274, p spin = 0.073). The schizotypy-related subcortical volume pattern was negatively correlated with subcortical abnormalities in SZ (rho = −0.690, p spin = 0.006), BD (rho = −0.672, p spin = 0.009), and MDD (rho = −0.692, p spin = 0.004). Comprehensive mapping of schizotypy-related brain morphometry in the general population revealed a significant relationship between higher schizotypy and thicker mOFC/vmPFC, in the absence of confounding effects due to antipsychotic medication or disease chronicity. The cortical pattern similarity between schizotypy and schizophrenia yields new insights into a dimensional neurobiological continuity across the extended psychosis phenotype.
Regionally selective atrophy of subcortical structures in prodromal HD as revealed by statistical shape analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-12-2012
DOI: 10.1002/HBM.22214
Correction: Obesity and brain structure in schizophrenia – ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-04-2023
Identification of common variants associated with human hippocampal and intracranial volumes
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2012
DOI: 10.1038/NG.2250
Cross disorder comparisons of brain structure in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A review of ENIGMA findings
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-02-2022
DOI: 10.1111/PCN.13337
Abstract: This review compares the main brain abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) determined by ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) consortium investigations. We obtained ranked effect sizes for subcortical volumes, regional cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities, comparing each of these disorders relative to healthy controls. In addition, the studies report on significant associations between brain imaging metrics and disorder‐related factors such as symptom severity and treatments. Visual comparison of effect size profiles shows that effect sizes are generally in the same direction and scale in severity with the disorders (in the order SZ BD MDD). The effect sizes for 22q11DS, a rare genetic syndrome that increases the risk for psychiatric disorders, appear to be much larger than for either of the complex psychiatric disorders. This is consistent with the idea of generally larger effects on the brain of rare compared to common genetic variants. Cortical thickness and surface area effect sizes for 22q11DS with psychosis compared to 22q11DS without psychosis are more similar to those of SZ and BD than those of MDD a pattern not observed for subcortical brain structures and fractional anisotropy effect sizes. The observed similarities in effect size profiles for cortical measures across the psychiatric disorders mimic those observed for shared genetic variance between these disorders reported based on family and genetic studies and are consistent with shared genetic risk for SZ and BD and structural brain phenotypes.
Neural Correlates of Positive and Negative Formal Thought Disorder in Individuals with Schizophrenia: An ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group Study
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 28-09-2023
Sharing brain mapping statistical results with the neuroimaging data model
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 13-04-2016
DOI: 10.1101/041798
Abstract: Only a tiny fraction of the data and metadata produced by an fMRI study is finally conveyed to the community. This lack of transparency not only hinders the reproducibility of neuroimaging results but also impairs future meta-analyses. In this work we introduce NIDM-Results, a format specification providing a machine-readable description of neuroimaging statistical results along with key image data summarising the experiment. NIDM-Results provides a unified representation of mass univariate analyses including a level of detail consistent with available best practices. This standardized representation allows authors to relay methods and results in a platform-independent regularized format that is not tied to a particular neuroimaging software package. Tools are available to export NIDM-Result graphs and associated files from the widely used SPM and FSL software packages, and the NeuroVault repository can import NIDM-Results archives. The specification is publically available at: pecs/nidm-results.html .
Related Organisations
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
Location: United States of America
Institute Of Historical Research, University Of London
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Related Funding Activities
Quantum Controlled Ultrafast Multimode Entanglement And Measurement
Start Date: 2015
End Date: 2018
Funder: European Commission
View Funded Activity