ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8555-0463
Current Organisations
La Trobe University
,
University of Melbourne
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.AMJSURG.2019.11.032
Abstract: Optimal management for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to explore risk factors predictive of cervical lymph node metastasis in conventional PTMCs. Conventional PTMC patients (n = 2,404) undergoing surgery between 2010 and 2017 were grouped and analyzed according to the positivity of cervical lymph node. Central lymph node (CLN) metastases and lateral lymph node (LLN) metastases were observed in 915 (38.1%) and 184 (7.7%) cases, respectively. Multivariate analysis found that male (odds ratio [OR] = 1.974, p < 0.001), younger age (OR = 1.601, p < 0.001), tumor size (OR = 1.935, p < 0.001), extrathyroidal extension (ETE) (OR = 1.647, p < 0.001), multifocality (OR = 1.416, p < 0.001), and intrathyroidal spreading (OR = 3.355, p < 0.001) predicted increased CLN metastasis. In particular, younger age, multifocality, and intrathyroidal spreading were significantly associated with a high number of CLN metastases (n ≥ 5). The presence of CLN metastasis was strongly associated with LLN metastasis (OR = 5.426, p < 0.001). Male, younger age, tumor size, ETE, multifocality, and intrathyroidal spreading predict increased CLN metastasis in PTMCs. In patients with suspicious lateral lymphadenopathy, the presence of CLN metastasis is independently associated with LLN metastasis.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-07-2020
DOI: 10.3390/NU12082245
Abstract: No study has used trajectories of dietary patterns to examine their effects on sleep duration and body mass index over time in the Chinese population. We analyzed data from adults participating in the China Health and Nutrition Survey between 1991 and 2009. Dietary intake was measured by a 24-h recall method over three consecutive days. Height and body weight were measured, and sleep duration was self-reported. Multivariable mixed linear models were applied to examine the association between trajectories of dietary patterns (using a latent class model) and sleep duration as well as BMI. Four trajectories of a traditional pattern (characterized by rice, meat, and vegetables) and three trajectories of a modern pattern (characterized by fast food, milk, and deep-fried food) were identified. Participants with a high and rapid increase trajectory of the modern dietary pattern had the shortest sleep duration (β = −0.26 95% CI: −0.40, −0.13). Participants with a high and stable intake of the traditional dietary pattern had the lowest BMI (β = −1.14 95% CI: −1.41, −0.87), while the participants with a high and rapid increase trajectory of the modern dietary pattern had the highest BMI (β = 0.74 95% CI: 0.34, 1,15). A rapid increase in the modern dietary pattern is associated with shorter sleep duration and higher BMI.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-01-2014
DOI: 10.1111/APA.12551
Abstract: To explore the simultaneous impact of parental adiposity and education level on infant growth from birth to 12 months, adjusting for known early-life risk factors for subsequent childhood obesity. Baseline data for 197 one-year-old children and their parents, participating in a longitudinal obesity intervention, were used. Obesity risk groups, high/low, were defined based on parental body mass index (n = 144/53) and parental education (n = 57/139). Observational data on infant growth between 0 and 12 months were collected. The children's relative weight (body mass index standard deviation score) at 3, 6 and 12 months and rapid weight gain 0-6 months were analysed in regression models, with obesity risk as primary exposure variables, adjusting for gestational weight gain, birth weight, short exclusive breastfeeding and maternal smoking. Relative weight at 3, 6 and 12 months was associated with low parental education but not with parental adiposity. No significant associations were observed with rapid weight gain. None of the early-life factors could explain the association with parental education. Low parental education level is independently associated with infant growth, whereas parental obesity does not contribute to a higher weight or to rapid weight gain during the first year.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-11-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-02-2022
DOI: 10.3390/NU14030662
Abstract: The association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors is not well understood among adults in India, particularly among those at high risk for diabetes. For this study, we analyzed the data of 1007 participants (age 30–60 years) from baseline and year one and two follow-ups from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program using multi-level mixed effects modelling. Dietary intake was measured using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: a “snack-fruit” pattern (highly loaded with fats and oils, snacks, and fruits) and a “rice-meat-refined wheat” pattern (highly loaded with meat, rice, and refined wheat). The “snack-fruit” pattern was associated with increased triglycerides (mg/dL) (β = 6.76, 95% CI 2.63–10.89), while the “rice-meat-refined wheat” pattern was associated with elevated Hb1Ac (percentage) (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.07) and central obesity (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01, 1.34). These findings may help inform designing dietary interventions for the prevention of diabetes and improving cardiometabolic risk factors in high-diabetes-risk in iduals in the Indian setting.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-12-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-05-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-01-2021
Abstract: TV viewing is associated with elevated plasma glucose, but it is not clear whether such associations can be modified by dietary patterns. We examined the interactions of TV viewing time and dietary patterns in relation to fasting and 2‐hour plasma glucose. Cross‐sectional analyses were performed among participants (N = 3081 44.7% male mean age 57.8 years) from the 2011 to 2012 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) without clinically diagnosed diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Factor analysis (principal component) was conducted to identify dietary patterns. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine distinct associations of TV viewing time and dietary patterns with fasting and 2‐hour plasma glucose. Dichotomous TV viewing time (low: ≤ 2 h/d vs high: h/d) and quartiles of dietary patterns were further combined to examine the joint associations with plasma glucose. Three dietary patterns were identified: prudent, Western, and mixed. TV viewing time was positively associated (β = .01, P .05) and the prudent dietary pattern was inversely associated (β = −.03, P .05) with log transformed 2‐hour plasma glucose. Compared with participants with high TV viewing/lowest prudent dietary pattern, participants with low TV viewing/highest prudent diet had the lowest 2‐hour plasma glucose (β = −.05, P = .028). No interactions were found between TV viewing time and the Western dietary pattern, nor the mixed dietary pattern, in relation to either fasting or 2‐hour plasma glucose. Following a prudent dietary pattern may attenuate the adverse effect of TV viewing on 2‐hour plasma glucose. Prospective studies and intervention trials are needed to further clarify these relationships.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.CLNU.2016.06.018
Abstract: There is limited data relating to the effect of the combination of nutrients on inflammation and the interactions with lifestyle factors and chronic conditions. We examined the association between nutrient patterns and inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in community dwelling middle-aged and elderly Australian men. Participants (mean age 59.7 y) with complete data relating to diet and fasting serum inflammatory markers in the Men Androgen Inflammation Lifestyle Environment and Stress cohort were analysed (n = 1577 for CRP, n = 1557 for IL-6). Food intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and nutrient patterns were identified by factor analysis. Biomedical examinations were conducted in The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and Lyell McEwin Health Service. CRP and IL-6 were log transformed due to the skewed distribution. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between nutrient patterns and inflammation. We generated three nutrient patterns by factor analysis. An animal-sourced pattern (animal protein, cobalamin, cholesterol and omega-6) was positively associated with CRP (p for trend across quartiles 0.057). A plant-sourced pattern (beta-carotene, vitamin A, lutein and zeaxanthin) was inversely associated with CRP (p for trend across quartiles 0.005). The association between plant-sourced pattern and CRP was stronger in participants with severe sleep apnoea, smoking (p for interaction 0.019), and participants without diabetes (p for interaction 0.238) and/or with normal triglycerides (p for interaction 0.005) and high density lipoprotein (p for interaction 0.120) compared with their counterparts. No interactions were found between the animal-sourced pattern and lifestyle factors and chronic conditions. No independent associations were found between the animal lant-sourced pattern and IL-6. No associations were found between the vitamin B and folate pattern (total folate, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin) and inflammatory markers. While an animal-sourced pattern may enhance inflammation level, a plant-sourced pattern may reduce inflammation particularly in people with less healthy lifestyles and severe obstructive apnoea.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/LIFE12111798
Abstract: We aimed to examine the associations between sleep duration and cognitive functions and memory in older Chinese adults attending the China Health and Nutrition Survey. A total of 7924 participants 55 years and older who reported their sleep duration and had a cognitive screen test in 2004, 2006, and 2015 were included in the analysis. Mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to assess the associations. A short sleep duration (≤6 h/day) and long sleep duration (≥10 h/day) were positively associated with a low global cognitive score (odds ratio—OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01–1.50 OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.17–1.79, respectively). Both short sleepers and long sleepers had an increased risk of self-reported poor memory (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.39–1.91 OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.25–1.74, respectively). No differences in the above associations were found for income, education, and urbanity. In conclusion, both the short and long sleep duration were associated with declined cognition and memory. Maintaining a normal sleep duration may aid in the prevention of cognitive function decline in older adults.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2012
Abstract: Eating behaviours have been suggested relating to obesity development. The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is a parent-report measure constructed to assess multiple dimensions of eating behavior for children. This study aimed to test the validity of the Chinese version of Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) in Chinese children aged 12-18 months. We examined factor structure and the reliability of the Chinese version of the CEBQ, the associations between children's eating behaviours and children's weight (BMI SDS) were assessed. 219 questionnaires were filled out by the caregivers, approached in community health care centers in two cities in China. BMI of each child was calculated and converted to BMI SDS. Factor validation (Principal Component Analysis, exploratory factor analysis) on all CEBQ items was performed and gender difference in eating behaviours was examined. Correlations between eating behaviours and the child's BMI SDS were analyzed by linear regression analysis controlling for gender, parental combined weight, and education. The factor analysis revealed a seven-factor solution, with factor 'food responsiveness' (FR) split into two. 'Satiety responsiveness' (SR) and 'Enjoyment of food' (EF) factors were not detected. Interestingly, boys scored higher than girls in the FR scales, whereas girls had a higher score in 'food fussiness' (FF) scale. We conclude that although a valuable psychometric instrument, CEBQ might be affected by age and cultural differences. Therefore, adjusting it in order to fit the Chinese population was suggested. We did not find an association between eating behaviours and children's BMI SDS, when it was controlled for gender and parental weight.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 18-05-2022
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980022001197
Abstract: Higher neighbourhood walkability would be expected to contribute to better health, but the relevant evidence is inconsistent. This may be because residents’ dietary attributes, which vary with socio-economic status (SES) and influence their health, can be related to walkability. We examined associations of walkability with dietary attributes and potential effect modification by area-level SES. The exposure variable of this cross-sectional study was neighbourhood walkability, calculated using residential density, intersection density and destination density within 1-km street-network buffer around each participant’s residence. The outcome variables were dietary patterns (Western, prudent and mixed) and total dietary energy intake, derived from a FFQ. Main and interaction effects with area-level SES were estimated using two-level linear regression models. Participants were from all states and territories in Australia. The analytical s le included 3590 participants (54 % women, age range 34 to 86). Walkability was not associated with dietary attributes in the whole s le. However, we found interaction effects of walkability and area-level SES on Western diet scores ( P 0·001) and total energy intake ( P = 0·012). In low SES areas, higher walkability was associated with higher Western dietary patterns ( P = 0·062) and higher total energy intake ( P = 0·066). In high SES areas, higher walkability was associated with lower Western diet scores ( P = 0·021) and lower total energy intake ( P = 0·058). Higher walkability may not be necessarily conducive to better health in socio-economically disadvantaged areas. Public health initiatives to enhance neighbourhood walkability need to consider food environments and socio-economic contexts.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAND.2016.10.016
Abstract: Soy isoflavone is beneficial for menopausal ostmenopausal symptoms, including sleep complaints. However, little is known about its longitudinal association with sleep in the general population. Our aim was to investigate the association between soy isoflavone intake and sleep duration and daytime falling asleep among Chinese adults. A longitudinal analysis was performed. Soy isoflavone intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Sleep duration was self-reported at two time points. Occurrence of daytime falling asleep was determined at follow-up. Short and long sleep were defined as sleep <7 h/day or ≥9 h/day, respectively. Adults aged 20 years and older from the Jiangsu Nutrition Study (2002-2007) with complete isoflavone intake and sleep duration data at both time points (n=1,474) were analyzed (follow-up, n=1,492). We measured sleep duration in 2002 and 2007 and daytime falling asleep occurrence in 2007. Mixed-effects logistic regression was performed for repeated measures between isoflavone intake and sleep duration. Logistic regression was performed for daytime falling asleep at follow-up. Demographic, anthropometric, and social factors were adjusted in the analyses. The prevalence of long sleep duration was 18.9% in 2002 and 12.6% in 2007, and the prevalence of daytime falling asleep was 5.3%. Compared with the lowest quartile of isoflavone intake, the highest quartile was associated with a lower risk of long sleep duration (odds ratio=0.66 95% CI 0.48 to 0.90 P for trend=0.018) over 5 years. Compared with persistent low intake of isoflavone (less than median intake of isoflavone at two time points), persistent high intake was associated with a reduced risk of daytime falling asleep in women (odds ratio=0.20 95% CI 0.06 to 0.68), but not men. No consistent association between soy isoflavone intake and short sleep duration was found. Soy isoflavone intake was associated with a low risk of long sleep duration in both sexes and a low risk of daytime falling asleep in women but not men.
No related grants have been discovered for Yingting (Tina) Cao.