ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7869-6365
Current Organisation
Università degli Studi di Milano
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-12-2019
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-02-2022
DOI: 10.3390/IJMS23052619
Abstract: Autophagy is a key intracellular mechanism by which cells degrade old or dysfunctional proteins and organelles. In skeletal muscle, evidence suggests that exercise increases autophagosome content and autophagy flux. However, the exercise-induced response seems to differ between rodents and humans, and little is known about how different exercise prescription parameters may affect these results. The present study utilised skeletal muscle s les obtained from four different experimental studies using rats and humans. Here, we show that, following exercise, in the soleus muscle of Wistar rats, there is an increase in LC3B-I protein levels immediately after exercise (+109%), and a subsequent increase in LC3B-II protein levels 3 h into the recovery (+97%), despite no change in Map1lc3b mRNA levels. Conversely, in human skeletal muscle, there is an immediate exercise-induced decrease in LC3B-II protein levels (−24%), independent of whether exercise is performed below or above the maximal lactate steady state, which returns to baseline 3.5 h following recovery, while no change in LC3B-I protein levels or MAP1LC3B mRNA levels is observed. SQSTM1 62 protein and mRNA levels did not change in either rats or humans following exercise. By employing an ex vivo autophagy flux assay previously used in rodents we demonstrate that the exercise-induced decrease in LC3B-II protein levels in humans does not reflect a decreased autophagy flux. Instead, effect size analyses suggest a modest-to-large increase in autophagy flux following exercise that lasts up to 24 h. Our findings suggest that exercise-induced changes in autophagosome content markers differ between rodents and humans, and that exercise-induced decreases in LC3B-II protein levels do not reflect autophagy flux level.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-07-2018
DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2018.1492392
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12-week balance and slackline training programs on physical performance and perceived enjoyment scale in young soccer players. Forty-one preadolescent soccer players were assigned to two experimental groups performing traditional balance (BLT) or slackline training (SLT), and a control group. Pre-post assessment encompassed Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), Star Excursion Balance test (SEBT), sprint with 90° turns (S90), and countermovement jump (CMJ). The rate of perceived enjoyment scale (PACES) was applied at the end of the experimental period. SLT and BLT improved similarly in BESS, SEBT and S90. No changes were detected in the CMJ. Regarding PACES score, SLT presented significantly higher values than BLT. Young athletes may benefit from a motivating training approach, thus, a designed program based on slackline drills should be preferable to improve physical performance in terms of balance and change of direction ability in preadolescent soccer players.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 12-02-2019
DOI: 10.1101/547489
Abstract: Endurance exercise begun with reduced muscle glycogen stores seems to potentiate skeletal muscle protein abundance and gene expression. However, it is unknown whether this greater signalling responses is due to low muscle glycogen per se or to performing two exercise sessions in close proximity - as a first exercise session is necessary to reduce the muscle glycogen stores. In the present study, we manipulated the recovery duration between a first muscle glycogen-depleting exercise and a second exercise session, such that the second exercise session started with reduced muscle glycogen in both approaches but was performed either two or 15 h after the first exercise session (so-called “twice-a-day” and “once-daily” approaches, respectively). We found that exercise twice-a-day increased the nuclear abundance of transcription factor EB (TFEB) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and potentiated the transcription of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARβ/δ) genes, in comparison with the once-daily exercise. These results suggest that the elevated molecular signalling reported with previous “train-low” approaches can be attributed to performing two exercise sessions in close proximity rather than the reduced muscle glycogen content per se. The twice-a-day approach might be an effective strategy to induce adaptations related to mitochondrial biogenesis and fat oxidation.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 06-04-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.06.437625
Abstract: Autophagy is a key intracellular mechanism by which cells degrade old or dysfunctional proteins and organelles. In skeletal muscle, evidence suggests that exercise increases autophagosome content and autophagy flux. However, the exercise-induced response seems to differ between rodents and humans, and little is known about how different exercise prescription parameters may affect these results. The present study utilised skeletal muscle s les obtained from four different experimental studies using rats and humans. Here we show that following exercise, in the soleus muscle of Wistar rats, there is an increase in LC3B-I protein levels (+ 109%) immediately after exercise, and a subsequent increase in LC3B-II protein levels (+ 97%) 3 hours into the recovery. Conversely, in human skeletal muscle, there is an immediate exercise-induced decrease in LC3B-II protein levels (− 24%), independent of whether exercise is performed below or above the maximal lactate steady state, which returns to baseline 3.5 hours following recovery, while no change in LC3B-I protein levels is observed. p62 protein levels did not change in neither rats nor humans following exercise. By employing an ex vivo autophagy flux assay previously used in rodents we demonstrate that the exercise-induced decrease in LC3B-II protein levels in humans does not reflect a decreased autophagy flux. Instead, effect size analyses suggest a modest-to-large increase in autophagy flux following exercise that lasts up to 24 hours. Our findings suggest that exercise-induced changes in autophagosome content markers differ between rodents and humans, and that exercise-induced decrease in LC3B-II protein levels do not reflect autophagy flux level.
No related grants have been discovered for ENRICO PERRI.