ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5441-6058
Current Organisation
The University of Melbourne Melbourne Graduate School of Education
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Social Change | Sociology | Social Policy | Sociology of Education
Social Structure and Health | Expanding Knowledge in Education | Education and Training Systems Policies and Development |
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCIN.2018.03.019
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the implications of concomitant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in patients undergoing valve-in-valve (VIV) transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Patients undergoing VIV transcatheter aortic valve replacement with concomitant TR may have worse outcomes, and optimal management remains undetermined. The multicenter PARTNER 2 (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves) VIV trial enrolled patients with symptomatic degenerated surgical aortic bioprostheses who were at high risk for reoperation. Outcomes were assessed between patients with mild or no TR versus moderate or severe TR. A total of 237 patients underwent VIV procedures (mean age 78.7 ± 10.8 years, mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons score 9.1 ± 4.8%). In this cohort, 162 patients (68.4%) had mild or no TR, and 75 patients (31.6%) had moderate or severe TR. Although there was no difference in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV symptomatic status (89.3% vs. 91.4% p = 0.62) or moderate or severe right ventricular dysfunction (9.4% vs. 16.9% p = 0.11), patients with moderate or severe TR were more likely to be at high surgical risk, with a Society of Thoracic Surgeons score of >8 (62.7% vs 46.9% p = 0.02). There was no difference in a composite endpoint of death and rehospitalization between moderate or severe TR and mild or no TR, either at 30 days (10.7% vs. 9.9% p = 0.85) or at 1-year follow-up (24.1% vs. 23.2% p = 0.80). There was a significant reduction in overall moderate or severe TR from baseline at 30 days (31.1% vs. 21.1% p = 0.002), which was sustained at 1-year follow-up (38.0% vs. 22.8% p = 0.004). Despite higher predicted surgical risk, the presence of TR was not a predictor of long-term outcomes. Importantly, there was significant reduction in TR severity at both short- and long-term follow-up. In selected patients undergoing VIV transcatheter aortic valve replacement, it may be appropriate to conservatively manage concomitant TR.
Publisher: Brill
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1163/15691497-12341253
Abstract: Social inequality is generally conceptualized in terms of economic disadvantage related to income, however this approach ignores another equally important dimension of social inequality: wealth inequality. Drawing on world systems theory and a Marxist perspective on social class, in this article I examine the interrelationship between stratification in the world economy and stratification within national economies with a view to developing a global class schema. This examination of trends in the net worth and the location of the wealthiest in iduals in the world indicate that the rapid expansion of the world economy in the past three decades has affected the global distribution of wealth with an increasing proportion of the transnational capitalist class residing in semi-peripheral nations.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-03-2022
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 30-01-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-03-2022
Abstract: Improving the efficiency of mental healthcare service delivery by learning from international best-practice ex les requires valid data, including robust unit costs, which currently often lack cross-country comparability. The European ProgrammE in Costing, resource use measurement and outcome valuation for Use in multi-sectoral National and International health economic evaluAtions (PECUNIA) aimed to harmonize the international unit cost development. This article presents the methodology and set of 36 externally validated, standardized reference unit costs (RUCs) for five health and social care services (general practitioner, dentist, help-line, day-care center, nursing home) in Austria, England, Germany, Hungary, The Netherlands, and Spain based on unambiguous service definitions using the extended DESDE PECUNIA coding framework. The resulting PECUNIA RUCs are largely comparable across countries, with any causes for deviations (e.g., country-specific scope of services) transparently documented. Even under standardized methods, notable limitations due to data-driven ergences in key costing parameters remain. Increased cross-country comparability by adopting a uniform methodology and definitions can advance the quality of evidence-based policy guidance derived from health economic evaluations. The PECUNIA RUCs are available free of charge and aim to significantly improve the quality and feasibility of future economic evaluations and their transferability across mental health systems.
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-10-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-04-2018
DOI: 10.1002/AJS4.38
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-12-2018
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 27-06-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-02-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-02-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S43151-021-00065-1
Abstract: The persistence of occupational sex segregation is a global phenomenon that relegates women into lower paid, lower status jobs. Understanding why young women apparently choose such jobs is integral to reversing decades of economic inequality related to employment. The strength of the association between the education system and labour market as well as high levels of occupational sex segregation makes Germany an interesting case to study. Using data from the National Education Panel Study (NEPS) Starting Cohort 4 data, I examine whether the occupational aspirations of female secondary school students are related to family characteristics and/or attitudes to gender roles. The results indicate that girls with fathers employed in male-dominated occupations hold more conservative gender attitudes than their peers with fathers employed in gender-neutral occupations. Girls with more conservative gender attitudes are more likely to hold aspirations for jobs in female-dominated occupations. These findings suggest that despite growth in gender-neutral knowledge-based industries, the socialisation of young women, particularly with regard to attitudes to appropriate roles for women, continues to influence occupational aspirations.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-06-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 16-06-2023
DOI: 10.1177/09500170211017046
Abstract: The increasing rate of post-industrialisation in advanced economies has dramatically impacted on the availability of jobs in male-dominated occupations. Consequently, men with traditional gender attitudes may experience difficulties in finding employment that aligns with their conception of masculinity. Attitudes to gender roles develop during childhood as part of the process of socialisation thus, family background, and in particular parental education and occupation, may influence the occupational aspirations of young people. To examine the associations between family background, a child’s attitudes to gender roles and a child’s occupational aspirations, analysis of the German National Education Panel Study (NEPS) Starting Cohort 4 data was conducted. The findings suggest that family background continues to be associated with attitudes to gender roles and occupational aspirations.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-11-2011
Abstract: The increase in dual-earner families over the last few decades raises questions about whether men are sharing the homemaker role now that women are sharing the breadwinner role. Theories of the allocation of unpaid work, such as dependency and exchange approaches, time availability and gender display, were developed during the period when the male-breadwinner family was the dominant family type in many Western societies. Using data collected by three Australian surveys conducted between 1986 and 2005 ( N = 5598), I find that the increase in dual-earner families has been accompanied by a convergence in housework hours due to men spending more time and women spending less time doing core housework tasks. Attitudes to gender roles appear to be the key predictor of housework hours overriding the effects of time availability, income and relative income
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 09-2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2019-030309
Abstract: Based on the advances in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), currently available disease-modifying treatments (DMT) have positively influenced the disease course of MS. However, the efficacy of DMT is highly variable and increasing treatment efficacy comes with a more severe risk profile. Hence, the unmet need for safer and more selective treatments remains. Specifically restoring immune tolerance towards myelin antigens may provide an attractive alternative. In this respect, antigen-specific tolerisation with autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) is a promising approach. Here, we will evaluate the clinical use of tolDC in a well-defined population of MS patients in two phase I clinical trials. In doing so, we aim to compare two ways of tolDC administration, namely intradermal and intranodal. The cells will be injected at consecutive intervals in three cohorts receiving incremental doses of tolDC, according to a best-of-five design. The primary objective is to assess the safety and feasibility of tolDC administration. For safety, the number of adverse events including MRI and clinical outcomes will be assessed. For feasibility, successful production of tolDC will be determined. Secondary endpoints include clinical and MRI outcome measures. The patients’ immune profile will be assessed to find presumptive evidence for a tolerogenic effect in vivo. Ethics approval was obtained for the two phase I clinical trials. The results of the trials will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal, at scientific conferences and to patient associations. NCT02618902 and NCT02903537 EudraCT numbers: 2015-002975-16 and 2015-003541-26.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 27-10-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-11-2021
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 26-11-2019
Abstract: The increasingly complex relationship between educational qualifications and employment is an integral, yet little-explored dimension of the labour market developments that have come to be referred to as the ‘gig economy’. This article explores the changing meaning and relevance of education through an analysis of young people’s employment outcomes in terms of employment status, having a job in their field of study and job satisfaction. It shows that while higher levels of education do provide some protection from unemployment, the relationship is murky. A relatively large proportion of highly educated young adults are experiencing underemployment and precarious work. Young women are less engaged in the labour market. Furthermore, those with secure jobs do not necessarily find them meaningful and those with meaningful jobs are not necessarily in secure employment. For many young people, using their educational qualifications to find security in work is a bit like ‘chasing rainbows’.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-11-2015
DOI: 10.1111/HEQU.12060
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-07-2022
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 24-02-2019
Abstract: As economies transition from industrial to post-industrial, the types of jobs available and employment conditions change. Research indicates that youth employment has been negatively impacted by these changes. For young people seeking to enter the labour market, particularly those combining employment and study, precarious employment has become the norm. However, precarious employment is, for many, no longer a stepping stone on the path to permanent employment. Many young Australians, even those with higher education qualifications, experience prolonged periods of precarious employment. To examine how new employment landscapes are experienced by young workers, we conduct analysis of data collected by the Life Pattern Project, a longitudinal mixed-methods study. Our results show that precarious employment is related to lower levels of job satisfaction and autonomy in young adulthood. JEL Codes: J20, J28, J41
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 15-12-2015
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 25-09-2019
Abstract: Young adults in Australia, and in many other advanced countries, are more likely to be highly educated but less likely to be in full-time employment than their parents were. Although insecure employment has long been a feature of labour markets, increased labour flexibility in recent decades has resulted in insecure employment becoming entrenched. In this article, we draw on data from young people in their early twenties to examine the interrelationships between work and life. Although we focus on the association between precarious employment and sense of personal control, we also examine the interrelationships between sense of personal control, education, relationships and health. Rather than experiencing a short period of insecure employment before transitioning into permanent jobs, young people now experience a ‘new adulthood’ characterised by extended periods of insecurity, undermining their sense of personal control. Our aim is to identify what it takes to make a secure, healthy and meaningful life.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 21-01-2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-09-2015
Publisher: Liverpool University Press
Date: 2013
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 25-11-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-09-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-06-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1002/AJS4.3
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-07-2019
Abstract: Despite a widely held belief that Australia is an egalitarian society where social origin is less important than in many other advanced economies, previous research shows that there is an enduring association between socioeconomic status, as measured by parental education, and child’s educational attainment. Less attention has been paid to the effects of another indicator of socioeconomic status, namely family wealth, on educational attainment. In this article, I examine associations between parental wealth and educational attainment, occupational prestige and wealth in young adulthood using data from the Housing, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) project collected in 2002 and 2014. The results show that high levels of family wealth are associated with higher levels of educational attainment, occupational prestige and in idual wealth in young adulthood.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-08-2015
Abstract: The link between social origin and education is well established and, despite the expansion of tertiary education, researchers have found little evidence that increasing opportunities for post-school study have been distributed equally among different social strata. Unlike their counterparts in many other advanced economies, Australians have the opportunity to return to education at any time during the life course. The flexibility of the Australian education system and the preparedness of older Australians to return to education provide an opportunity to examine whether returning to education and graduating with a new qualification after the age of 25 is associated with achieving upward social mobility. Using data collected by the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey between 2001 and 2010, this article examines whether mature-age graduates enjoy increased earnings and occupational prestige and achieve within-generation social mobility.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-06-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Location: Australia
Start Date: 05-2021
End Date: 05-2026
Amount: $2,065,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity