ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0461-2605
Current Organisations
The University of Newcastle
,
Monash University
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Gender Specific Studies | Software Engineering | Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified | Other Studies in Human Society | Computer Software
Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society | Application tools and system utilities | Women's Health |
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2021
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1071/SH22024
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 11-09-2013
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1071/PY20042
Abstract: Miscarriage can cause significant psychological morbidity. Women frequently report dissatisfaction with healthcare professionals’ support following miscarriage. This pilot study aimed to explore the views and practices of GPs in providing emotional support to women experiencing miscarriage. Eight GPs participated in semi-structured interviews. GPs considered women’s physical care their top priority at the time of miscarriage however, acknowledged miscarriage could result in significant emotional sequelae. Most GPs felt it was their role to provide emotional support, including expressing empathy, listening and normalising miscarriage to mitigate guilt and self-blame. GPs preferred an in idualised approach to emotional support and mostly offered follow-up appointments if a patient requested it or was considered ‘high risk’ for mental health issues. Some GPs believed miscarriage support was within the scope of primary care practice however, others felt it was the role of social networks and pregnancy loss support organisations. GPs identified several structural and external barriers that precluded enhanced emotional support. Further tools and resources to enhance support care may be of benefit to some GPs. The feasibility of GPs providing follow-up support remains uncertain. Further research is required to determine whether support is best placed within primary care or better served through external organisations.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1111/J.1743-6109.2010.01967.X
Abstract: Previous studies have examined sex workers' attitudes to work but not their levels of job satisfaction compared with other occupations. The job satisfaction levels and standards of living of sex workers in licensed brothels in Victoria were compared with Australian women. Responses to a questionnaire that included questions about sex work and their "most likely alternative job." Survey data was compared with identical questions from the Households, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey. A structured survey was undertaken with sex workers in Victoria attending a a sexual health service. Of the 112 sex workers who agreed to participate in the study, 85 (76%) completed the survey. The median years women had been working as sex workers was three (range 0.1-18). The main reasons women started sex work was because "they needed the money" (69%), were attracted to the flexible hours (44%) or had a particular goal in mind (43%). The two biggest concerns women had about sex work were their safety (65%) and the risk of sexually transmitted infections (65%). When compared with the median job satisfaction scores of Australian women working in sex workers' "most likely alternative jobs," 50% of sex workers reported a higher median satisfaction score for sex work in relation to hours worked, 47% in relation to flexibility, 43% in relation to total pay, 26% in relation to job security, 19% in relation to the work itself, and 25% in relation to overall job satisfaction. Women reported that they primarily do sex work for financial gain although a significant minority prefer it to other work they would be likely to do. These results should be interpreted in the context that the presence of personality disorders that are common among sex workers were not measured in this study.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-08-2010
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-12-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-01-2022
Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 27-11-2014
Abstract: A community-based study of women who have sex with women (WSW) was performed to determine the burden of bacterial vaginosis (BV), and behavioral factors influencing the vaginal microbiota of women and their female sexual partners (FSPs), as measured by Nugent score (NS). In a cross-sectional study of 18-55-year-old WSW recruited nationally, participants completed questionnaires and self-collected vaginal swab s les weekly on 3 occasions. BV was defined as an NS of 7-10. Factors associated with BV, stability of NS category, and concordance of these categories in co-enrolled couples were examined with multivariable logistic regression analysis. A total of 458 participants were recruited 192 were co-enrolled with their FSP (96 couples). BV was detected in 125 women (27% 95% confidence interval [CI], 23%-32%). BV was associated with ≥4 lifetime FSPs (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.9 95% CI, 1.2-3.1), an FSP with BV symptoms (AOR, 2.9 1.0-8.2) and smoking, with ≥30 cigarettes per week showing greatest odds (AOR, 2.7 1.5-5.0). Of 428 women returning ≥2 swab s les, 375 (88%) had a stable NS category across all s les, predominantly reflecting normal flora. Co-enrolled WSW were less likely to have BV (31% vs 23% P = .07), and the majority (70%) were concordant for NS category (κ = 0.47 P ≤ .01), with most concordant for normal flora. Concordant NS category was associated with a relationship of >6 months (AOR, 4.7 95% CI, 1.4-16.4) and frequent sexual contact (more than once per month AOR, 2.7 1.0-7.1). BV is associated with key behaviors and smoking practices in WSW, but longer-duration, sexually active WSW partnerships support a stable favorable vaginal microbiota.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 16-12-2015
DOI: 10.1093/CID/CIU1130
Abstract: Female same-sex partnerships provide a unique opportunity to study the pathogenesis and transmissibility of bacterial vaginosis (BV) because it can be diagnosed in both members of the partnership. We conducted a nationwide community-enrolled cohort study of women who have sex with women, including women coenrolled with their regular female sexual partner (FSP), to investigate the BV incidence rate and factors associated with incident BV. Women who have sex with women, without prevalent BV in a cross-sectional study, were enrolled in a 24-month cohort study involving 3-monthly questionnaires and self-collected vaginal swabs that were scored by the Nugent method. We assessed the BV incidence rate per 100 woman-years (WY) and used univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis to establish factors associated with BV acquisition. Two hundred ninety-eight participants were enrolled in the cohort 122 were coenrolled with their regular FSP. There were 51 incident cases of BV (rate, 9.75/100 WY 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.41-12.83). Incident BV was associated with exposure to a new sexual partner (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.51 95% CI, 1.30-4.82), a partner with BV symptoms (AHR, 3.99 95% CI, 1.39-11.45), receptive oral sex (AHR, 3.52 95% CI, 1.41-8.79), and onset of BV symptoms (AHR, 2.80 95% CI, 1.39-5.61). Women coenrolled with their BV-negative partner had a greatly reduced risk of incident BV (AHR, 0.26 95% CI, .11-.61), and high concordance of Nugent category (74%), which was predominantly normal vaginal flora throughout follow-up. These data highlight the strong influence of sexual relationships and behaviors on BV acquisition and the vaginal microbiota. They provide epidemiological evidence to support exchange of vaginal bacterial species between women and the concept that BV is sexually transmitted.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2006
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 29-03-2018
DOI: 10.1136/SEXTRANS-2016-053000
Abstract: The aim of this report was to raise the issue of the definition and classification of partner terminology in men who have sex with men (MSM) research, particularly in regards to ‘fuck buddies’. If definitions in research differ from general consensus in the MSM population, it is possible that public health strategies will be ineffective as the target population may be inaccurate. Thirty semistructured interviews with MSM attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre were conducted, focusing on the willingness to change sexual practices to reduce the risk of pharyngeal gonorrhoea. As part of these interviews, men were also asked their views on the terminology they used to describe their relationships and sexual partners. The degree of emotional attachment often defined the type or classification of relationships. There was a consensus among men that partners they engaged with for ‘sex only’ were classified as casual partners and partners with whom there was an emotional attachment or formalisation of the relationship were classified as ‘regular partners’. However, the classification of ‘fuck buddy’ as a regular or casual partner was less clear. Further research is needed to ascertain the ways in which men conceptualise sexual relationships and define or classify partner types, particularly ‘fuck buddy’ relationships. A third category for sexual relationships should be considered to encapsulate fuck buddy relationships.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1071/SH10048
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2005
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 24-03-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1002/NET.20092
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-09-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-03-2013
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 17-04-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2009
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 07-08-2019
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 02-02-2022
DOI: 10.1071/PY21090
Abstract: Miscarriage occurs in one in four pregnancies in Australia and commonly results in adverse psychosocial sequelae, such as clinically significant levels of depression and anxiety. Women also commonly report a lack of support, understanding and acknowledgement of their loss. Research has shown that poor health care support experiences serve to exacerbate adverse psychosocial outcomes. This study explored the support experiences of women affected by miscarriage and their views on what support is needed, when it is needed and who should provide it, as well as their recommendations for improvement. Sixteen Australian women were purposively s led to participate in qualitative semi-structured interviews. Interview data was analysed using content analysis. Approximately half the women reported positive experiences with healthcare providers, but, despite this, almost all pointed to areas where support was lacking. Insensitive comments and lack of emotional awareness were common. Participants suggested areas for increased clinician support, including mentioning the possibility of miscarriage earlier in routine pregnancies, offering more information before and at the time of miscarriage, providing emotionally sensitive care and offering follow up and psychological support. Women wanted healthcare providers to be proactive in offering support, information and emotionally sensitive care at the time of miscarriage, rather than having to seek it out themselves. Suggestions to improve support after miscarriage included mentioning the possibility of miscarriage earlier, offering more information about miscarriage and psychological support options.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-07-2021
DOI: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001505
Abstract: There are limited data on the extent of use of online services that support partner notification for sexually transmitted infections. The online partner notification service Let Them Know was implemented in 2008 to support partner messaging for chlamydia in Australia. In 2010, the service was expanded to include gonorrhea, syphilis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Trichomonas vaginalis . We aimed to determine usage of Let Them Know between 2011 and 2019. The number of text messages sent via Let Them Know for each infection between 2011 and 2019 was extracted by using Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio. Users who sent a text message were asked “Were you more likely to let a partner know because of this website?” The number of text messages sent for each infection increased over the evaluation period with a total of 148,256 text messages sent from the service. Sixty-nine percent (103,026) of users indicated that they were more likely to let a partner know because of the website. The number of text messages increased between 2011 and 2019 from 4,666 to 17,889 (283%) for chlamydia, from 2101 to 6328 (201%) for gonorrhea, from 1895 to 4908 (159%) for syphilis, from 703 to 1953 (178%) for M. genitalium , and from 173 to 629 (264%) for trichomonas. This fully automated partner messaging service showed high and increasing use with data suggesting it helped most users contact partners.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-12-2022
DOI: 10.3390/INFO13120576
Abstract: Efforts have been dedicated by researchers in the field of natural language processing (NLP) to detecting and combating fake news using an assortment of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques. In this paper, a review of the existing studies is conducted to understand and curtail the dissemination of fake news. Specifically, we conducted a benchmark study using a wide range of (1) classical ML algorithms such as logistic regression (LR), support vector machines (SVM), decision tree (DT), naive Bayes (NB), random forest (RF), XGBoost (XGB) and an ensemble learning method of such algorithms, (2) advanced ML algorithms such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), bidirectional gated recurrent units (BiGRU), CNN-BiLSTM, CNN-BiGRU and a hybrid approach of such techniques and (3) DL transformer-based models such as BERTbase and RoBERTabase. The experiments are carried out using different pretrained word embedding methods across four well-known real-world fake news datasets—LIAR, PolitiFact, GossipCop and COVID-19—to examine the performance of different techniques across various datasets. Furthermore, a comparison is made between context-independent embedding methods (e.g., GloVe) and the effectiveness of BERTbase—contextualised representations in detecting fake news. Compared with the state of the art’s results across the used datasets, we achieve better results by solely relying on news text. We hope this study can provide useful insights for researchers working on fake news detection.
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
Publisher: ACM
Date: 03-02-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-03-2009
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1071/SH08046
Abstract: Background: The present study aimed to determine the sexual risk profile of people using an automated, internet-based service that allows internet users to receive recommendations on sexually transmissible infection screening (‘Check your risk’ (CYR), www.checkyourrisk.org.au/), and to compare this with that of patients attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) for the first time over the same 6-month period: January–June 2006. Methods: The characteristics of those who used CYR and those who attended MSHC were compared using a χ2-test for categorical variables and the Mann–Whitney U-test for non-parametric data. Results: There were 2492 users who accessed CYR and 2735 who attended MSHC over the period. The age of CYR users was similar to that of MSHC patients when compared according to risk groups. The median number of recent sexual partners reported by CYR users was similar to and not significantly lower than that reported by MSHC patients. Of the 309 CYR users who provided a rating for the CYR site, 215 (70%) rated it as being ‘useful’ to ‘very useful’. Conclusions: In iduals who accessed an automated, internet-based sexual risk assessment service were at substantial risk for sexually transmitted infections, similar to those attending a sexual health service.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1002/JGT.20230
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 06-2017
Abstract: Improved partner notification (PN) after HIV diagnosis could help control HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, there is little evidence exploring what this experience is like for Australian MSM and how achievable it is in the era of the Internet and smartphones. Fifteen of 39 invited MSM recently diagnosed with HIV undertook a semistructured interview about PN. Interviews were thematically analyzed using a combined deductive/inductive approach. Three main themes arose: fear of PN and HIV disclosure, partners' unexpected reactions, and the need for more patient support. MSM found PN difficult and uncomfortable and described fear about potential repercussions of PN however, they felt it was the right thing to do. Regular partners were more likely to be notified, and in person, because of the availability of contact information but more notably because of a sense of moral responsibility. Men commonly had few contact details for casual partners and preferred PN strategies that allowed them to remain anonymous, largely reflecting the reasons for and ways in which they met casual partners: online or through apps and predominantly for once-off, anonymous sex. Most described unexpected positive responses from partners who were contacted personally by the men. Our study also showed that participants required professional support to carry out PN, especially with casual partners, as well as support around understanding the implications of and treatments relating to being HIV positive. PN could be improved by offering more options that allow the index patient to remain anonymous, particularly when notifying casual partners.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1071/SH12019
Abstract: Objective To determine young women’s experience of having a chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis) test as part of a chlamydia incidence study, and to determine how women who tested positive during the study experienced having a test compared with the experience of women who always tested negative. Methods: Women in an Australian chlamydia incidence study were tested at 3- to 6-monthly intervals during a 12-month period. At the final stage of the study, the women completed a questionnaire about how they felt about testing positive or how they anticipated they might feel about testing positive if they only tested negative. Questions about future sexual behaviour and testing were included. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 872 out of 1116 (78%) women, including 67 women who tested positive. Many women (75%) felt anxious when having a chlamydia test but women who tested positive were less concerned about their future health (61% v. 81%, P 0.01), were less concerned about their partner’s reactions (62% v. 79%, P 0.01) and were more likely to discuss their diagnosis with other people (57% v. 36%, P 0.01). Conclusions: The participants in the study were pleased to have been tested and supported a screening program. Women who tested positive were less concerned about having a positive result than women who tested negative anticipated they might be. Implications: Clinicians need to be aware that having a chlamydia test can cause anxiety in young women and for a screening program to be successful, this must be addressed.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-03-2023
DOI: 10.3390/APP13053345
Abstract: The prevalence of fake news on social media has led to major sociopolitical issues. Thus, the need for automated fake news detection is more important than ever. In this work, we investigated the interplay between news content and users’ posting behavior clues in detecting fake news by using state-of-the-art deep learning approaches, such as the convolutional neural network (CNN), which involves a series of filters of different sizes and shapes (combining the original sentence matrix to create further low-dimensional matrices), and the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU), which is a type of bidirectional recurrent neural network with only the input and forget gates, coupled with a self-attention mechanism. The proposed architectures introduced a novel approach to learning rich, semantical, and contextual representations of a given news text using natural language understanding of transfer learning coupled with context-based features. Experiments were conducted on the FakeNewsNet dataset. The experimental results show that incorporating information about users’ posting behaviors (when available) improves the performance compared to models that rely solely on textual news data.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 28-05-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1109/KAM.2009.26
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 18-04-2017
DOI: 10.1017/S1041610217000485
Abstract: Prescribing antipsychotics to patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms is a matter of concern. Physicians have to make treatment decisions for patients with dementia together with proxies and/or nurses. However, it is unknown whether physicians, nurses, and proxies’ treatment preferences are aligned hence this study. Sixteen treatment attributes were selected to elicit the preferences of physicians and nurses. Ten of these attributes were used for the proxies. Preferences were estimated using a case-1 Best-Worst-Scaling design respondents are asked to select the best and worst attribute on being presented with a hypothetical patient with dementia demonstrating neuropsychiatric symptoms. The treatments offered are: antipsychotic treatment or non-pharmaceutical regimens. The questionnaire was filled in by 41 physicians, 81 nurses, and 59 proxies. The non-pharmacological treatment option was chosen by 52% of the proxies and 71% of the physicians and nurses. The respondents who chose antipsychotics rated the aspects “fastest result” and “most effective” as important. Physicians ranked “experience with antipsychotics” as an important aspect for prescribing antipsychotics. Only the proxies rated the aspect “having a low negative effect on the patient” as important. The nurses and elderly care physicians who chose the non-pharmaceutical treatment ranked “appropriateness” and “of little burden to the patient” as important aspects. While doctors and nurses prefer non-pharmacological interventions, proxies indicated a preference for pharmacological treatment because of the immediate effect. However, physicians follow treatment guidelines and nurses and proxies rely on the physician's recommendations. We suggest physicians should be sensitive to these differences.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-11-2009
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-2010
Abstract: This study examined the views of 172 community-based Australian men who have sex with men (MSM) on the acceptability and potential uptake of rapid oral testing for HIV in clinic and home-based settings. Men were asked to complete a questionnaire that sought their views on rapid testing for HIV. When asked about which HIV test they would prefer in a clinic setting, 64% indicated a preference for rapid oral HIV testing and 74% indicated that if rapid oral HIV testing was available at a clinic they would test for HIV more frequently. If rapid oral HIV testing was available for home testing, 63% of men indicated it would be likely they would test themselves for HIV and 61% indicated they would test more frequently. Overall, MSM expressed a preference for rapid oral HIV testing and would test more frequently if testing was available for clinic or home use in Australia.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-09-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S12879-021-06686-4
Abstract: Studies show men who have sex with men (MSM) practising receptive anal sex are more likely to present with secondary syphilis, suggesting anorectal primary lesions are being missed. Regular anal self-examination might be able to detect anorectal syphilis lesions, hence potentially reducing transmission. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of MSM on performing anal self-examination to detect primary syphilis. In this qualitative study, 20 MSM over 18 years of age were purposively s led from a sexual health clinic to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and data analysed thematically. Four major themes and 12 sub-themes were generated from the study: (1) reasons for performing anal self-examination, (2) preferred educational resources for anal self-examination, (3) attitudes towards partner anal examination, and (4) acceptability of anal self-examination. Most participants had performed some form of anal self-examination in the past, and, just over half performed regularly for mostly health-related concerns. Most participants who infrequently or never performed anal self-examination were agreeable to perform regularly if it was recommended by health professionals with appropriate guidance. Participants preferred education on anal self-examination from health professionals and trusted online learning resources. Our study showed MSM were agreeable to anal self-examination however would like to receive education and training to gain more confidence in conducting anal self-examination as a screening tool. Further studies are required to explore the adherence and acceptability of anal self-examination for syphilis prior to studies examining efficacy. The study provides foundation for any future policy aiming at utilising anal self-examination as a screening tool for syphilis among MSM.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: ACM
Date: 21-08-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-08-2019
DOI: 10.1111/AJO.13041
Abstract: Perinatal loss is often considered an emotionally and physically traumatic event for expectant parents. While there is strong evidence of its impact on women, limited research has independently explored men's lived experiences. This scoping review will examine current literature on the lived experiences of men whose partner has experienced a still‐birth or miscarriage. The scoping review identified relevant articles by systematically searching through four electronic databases utilising a PRISMA search strategy. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to articles. The articles’ reference lists were further scrutinised until no further articles that met the criteria were located. Fifteen articles were located including 14 qualitative studies and one non‐peer reviewed academic article. Articles were thematically analysed. The review identified three major themes that are particularly pertinent to shaping the lived experiences of men whose partner has suffered a perinatal loss: (1) pregnancy attachment and the aftermath (2) supporting their partner and being supported and (3) impacts upon future pregnancies. Perinatal loss can have negative implications for men's psychological and social well‐being. Across the studies men had different levels of attachments to the pregnancy, influencing their emotional responses to the loss. Men perceived their primary role as being a supporter to their partners but received limited support themselves. Men often reported that their safe and trusting attitudes toward pregnancy had forever changed. Further areas of research are recommended in hopes of enhancing support for men, and consequently their partners and families, who experience perinatal loss.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-05-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2009
Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2014
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 09-03-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-10-2018
DOI: 10.1111/AJO.12910
Abstract: Miscarriage can result in significant psychological morbidity. Research suggests health professionals play a role in shaping women's experience of miscarriage. This study explored the views and practices of Australian health professionals in caring for women experiencing miscarriage. Twelve health professionals from disciplines including medicine, midwifery and sonography were purposively s led. Semi-structured interviews were recorded, transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Participants acknowledged miscarriage is often a distressing event associated with feelings of grief and failure. They believed women who conceived through in vitro fertilisation, had experienced multiple miscarriages, or had a pre-existing mental illness were likely to experience more distress than others. Despite limited training, participants generally felt competent in their abilities to provide emotional support. They viewed their role largely as guilt-mitigation, which they achieved by stressing the frequency of miscarriage and emphasising that women were not at fault. Follow-up practices varied, and where they did occur, focused on physical recovery. Generally, participants relied on women to express the need for further support. Participants reported that time and resource issues, compassion fatigue and a need for self-protection restricted their abilities to provide better support care. There are discrepancies between the emotional support health professionals think women want and are able to provide, and the support women would like. This exploratory study suggests the need for further investigation into provision of improved health professional support for women.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-02-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-05-2011
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1071/SH15143
Abstract: Background Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may be an effective option for HIV prevention among heterosexual serodiscordant couples. However, there are knowledge gaps in social research about PrEP in heterosexual serodiscordant relationships, including motivations and barriers to its use and possible impacts of PrEP uptake on the sexual practices of these couples. The aim of this study was to explore the views of HIV-negative men and women in stable serodiscordant heterosexual relationships about the possible use of PrEP. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to understand participants’ views on the use of PrEP. Interviews were conducted face-to-face or by telephone and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis. Results: In total, 13 HIV-negative partners were interviewed six men and seven women. Participants demonstrated a high interest in the use of PrEP for conception. PrEP was also considered an option for general HIV prevention, although men saw more benefits for this use than women. Participants’ main concerns around PrEP usage were about cost, efficacy, daily adherence and side-effects. HIV-positive partner support is likely to play a central role for PrEP uptake and adherence. Conclusions: This study is one of the first studies to explore the views of HIV-negative heterosexual partners in serodiscordant relationships around the use of PrEP while trying to conceive, as well as for general HIV prevention. These study results provide new insights for the further development of guidelines governing the use of PrEP for serodiscordant couples.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1109/KAM.2009.151
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2009
Publisher: SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications
Date: 2015
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1071/SH13007
Abstract: Let Them Know (www.letthemknow.org.au) is an Australian internet based service designed to support in iduals diagnosed with an STI to notify sexual partners using anonymous or personal text messages. A review of user activity and acceptability of the website was performed. Between 17 March 2010 and 31 March 2011, of 13 024 website visits, 4863 (37%) visits resulted in a text message being sent. From 3 December 2010, of 1383 consecutive users, 963 (70%) indicated they were more likely to contact a partner because of the website. A short period of misuse was identified and controlled, and additional measures to monitor for and prevent misuse were subsequently implemented. Web-based notification systems such as the Let Them Know website can help to facilitate partner notification for in iduals who may be reluctant to do this in person.
Publisher: Science Alert
Date: 15-12-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-01-2013
DOI: 10.1007/S10461-012-0395-7
Abstract: Thirty-one gay and bisexual men were interviewed on the acceptability, potential use, benefits and limitations of rapid self-testing for HIV in Australia. The majority of men supported the introduction of rapid self-testing, and would be likely to, or would use the tests for home use. However, most reported they would use them for interim testing and not to replace conventional blood testing at health services as they could not detect other sexually transmitted infections or provide the professional expertise and support provided at health services.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-06-2020
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.1051/ITA/2017008
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 19-12-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-04-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S40840-022-01281-5
Abstract: Let G be a graph with vertex set V and let $$b a$$ b a be two positive integers. We say that G has all [ a , b ]-factors if G has an h -factor for every $$h: V\\rightarrow {\\mathbb {N}}$$ h : V → N such that $$a \\le h(v) \\le b$$ a ≤ h ( v ) ≤ b for every $$v\\in V$$ v ∈ V and $$\\sum _{v\\in V}h(v)\\equiv 0\\pmod 2$$ ∑ v ∈ V h ( v ) ≡ 0 ( mod 2 ) . A spanning subgraph F of G is called an ( a , b )-parity factor, if $$d_F (v) \\equiv a \\equiv b $$ d F ( v ) ≡ a ≡ b (mod 2) and $$a \\le d_F (v) \\le b$$ a ≤ d F ( v ) ≤ b for all $$v \\in V$$ v ∈ V . In this paper, we have developed sufficient conditions for the existence of all [ a , b ]-factors and ( a , b )-parity factors of G in terms of the independence number and connectivity of G . This work extended an earlier result of Nishimura (J Graph Theory 13: 63–69, 1989). Furthermore, we show that these results are best possible in some cases.
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1002/NET.20355
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2006
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 05-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/INFORMATICS9030066
Abstract: An important direction of informatics is devoted to the protection of privacy of confidential information while providing answers to aggregated queries that can be used for analysis of data. Protecting privacy is especially important when aggregated queries are used to combine personal information stored in several databases that belong to different owners or come from different sources. Malicious attackers may be able to infer confidential information even from aggregated numerical values returned as answers to queries over large collections of data. Formal proofs of security guarantees are important, because they can be used for implementing practical systems protecting privacy and providing answers to aggregated queries. The investigation of formal conditions which guarantee protection of private information against inference attacks originates from a fundamental result obtained by Chin and Ozsoyoglu in 1982 for linear queries. The present paper solves similar problems for two new classes of aggregated nonlinear queries. We obtain complete descriptions of conditions, which guarantee the protection of privacy of confidential information against certain possible inference attacks, if a collection of queries of this type are answered. Rigorous formal security proofs are given which guarantee that the conditions obtained ensure the preservation of privacy of confidential data. In addition, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the protection of confidential information from special inference attacks aimed at achieving a group compromise.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-11-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 25-04-2016
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 20-11-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2015
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 12-05-2023
DOI: 10.3389/FPUBH.2023.1128768
Abstract: Past research has shown that Australians affected by miscarriage want a website specific to both miscarriage and their local region that is accessible, comprehensive, evidence-based and informed by experts. The aim of this study was to design, develop and evaluate the Miscarriage Australia website using human centered design. A four stage human centered design approach was used to develop the Miscarriage Australia website which aimed to: (1) Understand the issue and why users need a website (2) Define users’ specific needs (3) Design solutions to meet those needs and (4) Evaluate the design by testing with end users. Across the four stages, various types of data and data analysis were developed and utilized including interviews, desktop research, development of personas and tone of voice, followed by usability testing. Process and content were guided by designers, developers and an expert advisory committee of key stakeholders. Analysis and synthesis of user research across Stages 1 and Stage 2 found 11 key themes pertaining to user’s miscarriage experiences and support needs. Using the themes, common experiences, goals, motivations and behaviors of users were identified and similar user types grouped and used to inform the development of two personas. Using the personas and user research findings, design elements (Stage 3) including the “tone of voice guidelines” were developed recommending the Miscarriage Australia website be calm, empathetic, hopeful and authoritative. The tone of voice guidelines guided branding and over 100 pages of content was informed by the research team and reviewed by a 13-member Expert Clinical Advisory Committee over two rounds to ensure it was evidence based and reflected best practice. Using a contextual inquiry approach, usability testing was undertaken with 8 end users to test a low fidelity mockup and high-fidelity prototype of the website. Overall, end users reported the website was highly acceptable in terms of the design, content, layout, language and terminology, describing it in line with the intended tone of voice. Users reported the website was easy to use and navigate and provided useful and appropriate content and resources. Minor areas for improvement included slight changes to specific images, improved links for navigating sections, and a title change to one section heading. The Miscarriage Australia website was successfully implemented and commended by users as meeting their needs. As a result of using human centered design, the Miscarriage Australia website provides an ideal template or blueprint on how to develop a successful and useful digital resource for users, particularly around sensitive women’s health issues.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 08-04-2019
DOI: 10.1108/IMDS-02-2018-0072
Abstract: Malicious web domain identification is of significant importance to the security protection of internet users. With online credibility and performance data, the purpose of this paper to investigate the use of machine learning techniques for malicious web domain identification by considering the class imbalance issue (i.e. there are more benign web domains than malicious ones). The authors propose an integrated res ling approach to handle class imbalance by combining the synthetic minority overs ling technique (SMOTE) and particle swarm optimisation (PSO), a population-based meta-heuristic algorithm. The authors use the SMOTE for overs ling and PSO for unders ling. By applying eight well-known machine learning classifiers, the proposed integrated res ling approach is comprehensively examined using several imbalanced web domain data sets with different imbalance ratios. Compared to five other well-known res ling approaches, experimental results confirm that the proposed approach is highly effective. This study not only inspires the practical use of online credibility and performance data for identifying malicious web domains but also provides an effective res ling approach for handling the class imbalance issue in the area of malicious web domain identification. Online credibility and performance data are applied to build malicious web domain identification models using machine learning techniques. An integrated res ling approach is proposed to address the class imbalance issue. The performance of the proposed approach is confirmed based on real-world data sets with different imbalance ratios.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-08-2023
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-01-2020
Start Date: 03-2020
End Date: 11-2024
Amount: $420,626.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 02-2007
End Date: 06-2013
Amount: $168,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity