ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1346-7892
Current Organisations
Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
,
University of Melbourne Graduate School of Education
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Language Studies | Asian Cultural Studies | Comparative Language Studies | Chinese Languages | Curriculum and Pedagogy | History and Philosophy of Education | Multicultural, Intercultural and Cross-cultural Studies | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages | Latin and Classical Greek Languages | Primary Education (excl. Māori) | Curriculum and Pedagogy Theory and Development | LOTE, ESL and TESOL Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Māori) |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Learner and Learning Achievement | Assessment and Evaluation of Curriculum | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health - Health Status and Outcomes | Expanding Knowledge in Education | Higher education | Communication Across Languages and Culture | Secondary education | Expanding Knowledge in Language, Communication and Culture
Related Links
Publications
Successful engagement in an early literacy intervention
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-2008
Abstract: The aim of the research reported here was to investigate why a percentage of students experience continued difficulty in literacy learning while participating in Reading Recovery. It was hypothesized that this is to do with particular aspects of teacher—learner interactions. Accordingly the study used ethnographic methodology to describe teacher—learner interactions generally and to then examine selected dimensions of the interaction between particular cohorts of students and their teachers. Specifically investigated were the characteristics of this group, mapping students' learning trajectory, and identifying key points and events that impact on teacher decision-making processes with regard to student learning. The learners who participated in this study were 10 children identified as being at risk of literacy failure. Their participation in one-to-one literacy support resulted in six of the children making considerable progress, with the other four identified as requiring ongoing support beyond the short-term intervention provided by Reading Recovery. The reasons for the successful outcome for the six learners are related to the ways that their teachers orchestrated positive reading and writing opportunities through closely focused verbal support. While this `helping talk' appeared to be decisive in the six successful cases, it was productive but inadequate in the remaining four.
Review of Feng (2007): Bilingual Education in China: Practices, Policies and Concepts
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 09-05-2008
Extreme Suppression of Lateral Floret Development by a Single Amino Acid Change in the VRS1 Transcription Factor
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-11-2017
DOI: 10.1104/PP.17.01149
National language revival movements: Reflections from India, Indonesia and Ireland
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 03-2012
The importance of language policies and multilingualism for cultural diversity
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2010
The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-07-2015
DOI: 10.1534/GENETICS.115.176628
Abstract: Inflorescences of the tribe Triticeae, which includes wheat (Triticum sp. L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) are characterized by sessile spikelets directly borne on the main axis, thus forming a branchless spike. ‘Compositum-Barley’ and tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat’ (T. turgidum convar. compositum (L.f.) Filat.) display noncanonical spike-branching in which spikelets are replaced by lateral branch-like structures resembling small-sized secondary spikes. As a result of this branch formation ‘Miracle-Wheat’ produces significantly more grains per spike, leading to higher spike yield. In this study, we first isolated the gene underlying spike-branching in ‘Compositum-Barley,’ i.e., compositum 2 (com2). Moreover, we found that COM2 is orthologous to the branched headt (bht) locus regulating spike branching in tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat.’ Both genes possess orthologs with similar functions in maize BRANCHED SILKLESS 1 (BD1) and rice FRIZZY PANICLE/BRANCHED FLORETLESS 1 (FZP/BFL1) encoding AP2/ERF transcription factors. Sequence analysis of the bht locus in a collection of mutant and wild-type tetraploid wheat accessions revealed that a single amino acid substitution in the DNA-binding domain gave rise to the domestication of ‘Miracle-Wheat.’ mRNA in situ hybridization, microarray experiments, and independent qRT-PCR validation analyses revealed that the branch repression pathway in barley is governed through the spike architecture gene Six-rowed spike 4 regulating COM2 expression, while HvIDS1 (barley ortholog of maize INDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1) is a putative downstream target of COM2. These findings presented here provide new insights into the genetic basis of spike architecture in Triticeae, and have disclosed new targets for genetic manipulations aiming at boosting wheat’s yield potential.
UNESCO, Literacy and Leslie Limage
Publisher: University of Technology, Sydney (UTS)
Date: 2009
Abstract: Rosie Wickert points out that, in literacy policy: ‘the stories of actors involved in policy struggles have been overlooked‘(2001: 90). The paper by Leslie Limage redresses this gap for the crucially important area of international multilateral agencies, specifically the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Her aim is to produce ‘a more clear-eyed look at how to advance the best of multilateral action in the field in which I have been involved at all levels throughout my adult life: children’s and adult’s literacy worldwide’ (Limage, 2009: p 7).
L2 Chinese teachers’ beliefs about engagement strategies for students in Australia: Findings from Q methodology research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
Strategies of grain number determination differentiate barley row types
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-08-2021
DOI: 10.1093/JXB/ERAB395
Abstract: Gaining knowledge on fundamental interactions of various yield components is crucial to improve yield potential in small grain cereals. It is well known in barley that increasing grain number greatly improves yield potential however, the yield components determining grain number and their association in barley row types are less explored. In this study, we assessed different yield components such as potential spikelet number (PSN), spikelet survival (SSL), spikelet number (SN), grain set (GS), and grain survival (GSL), as well as their interactions with grain number by using a selected panel of two- and six-rowed barley types. Also, to analyze the stability of these interactions, we performed the study in the greenhouse and the field. From this study, we found that in two-rowed barley, grain number determination is strongly influenced by PSN rather than SSL and/or GS in both growth conditions. Conversely, in six-rowed barley, grain number is associated with SSL instead of PSN and/or GS. Thus, our study showed that increasing grain number might be possible by augmenting PSN in two-rowed genotypes, while for six-rowed genotypes SSL needs to be improved. We speculate that this disparity of grain number determination in barley row types might be due to the fertility of lateral spikelets. Collectively, this study revealed that grain number in two-rowed barley largely depends on the developmental trait, PSN, while in six-rowed barley, it mainly follows the ability for SSL.
Leaf primordium size specifies leaf width and vein number among row‐type classes in barley
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-06-2017
DOI: 10.1111/TPJ.13590
Abstract: Exploring genes with impact on yield-related phenotypes is the preceding step to accomplishing crop improvements while facing a growing world population. A genome-wide association scan on leaf blade area (LA) in a worldwide spring barley collection (Hordeum vulgare L.), including 125 two- and 93 six-rowed accessions, identified a gene encoding the homeobox transcription factor, Six-rowed spike 1 (VRS1). VRS1 was previously described as a key domestication gene affecting spike development. Its mutation converts two-rowed (wild-type VRS1, only central fertile spikelets) into six-rowed spikes (mutant vrs1, fully developed fertile central and lateral spikelets). Phenotypic analyses of mutant and wild-type leaves revealed that mutants had an increased leaf width with more longitudinal veins. The observed significant increase of LA and leaf nitrogen (%) during pre-anthesis development in vrs1 mutants also implies a link between wider leaf and grain number, which was validated from the association of vrs1 locus with wider leaf and grain number. Histological and gene expression analyses indicated that VRS1 might influence the size of leaf primordia by affecting cell proliferation of leaf primordial cells. This finding was supported by the transcriptome analysis of mutant and wild-type leaf primordia where in the mutant transcriptional activation of genes related to cell proliferation was detectable. Here we show that VRS1 has an independent role on barley leaf development which might influence the grain number.
Role of Deliberation in Language Policy and Planning
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-11-2012
DOI: 10.1002/9781405198431.WBEAL1022
Abstract: In an early phase of modern language planning and policy analysis there was a major focus on the idea of language problems and how language specialists could offer governments and other agencies solutions to these language problems. Borrowing from management theory and public administration early language planning work proposed operational models for the field involving an ordered sequence of research to understand and interventions to solve language problems. In effect this constituted the field of language policy and planning as various kinds of organized pursuit of solutions to language problems, in which the critical role was allocated to an expert language scholar. As a result language policy and planning itself became identified with procedures for analyzing language problems and the specification of protocols for how these are studied and interventions to resolve them.
Afterword: Tempted by targets, tempered by results
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 2012
VRS2 regulates hormone-mediated inflorescence patterning in barley
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-11-2016
DOI: 10.1038/NG.3717
Abstract: Plant architecture has clear agronomic and economic implications for crops such as wheat and barley, as it is a critical factor for determining grain yield. Despite this, only limited molecular information is available about how grain-bearing inflorescences, called spikes, are formed and maintain their regular, distichous pattern. Here we elucidate the molecular and hormonal role of Six-rowed spike 2 (Vrs2), which encodes a SHORT INTERNODES (SHI) transcriptional regulator during barley inflorescence and shoot development. We show that Vrs2 is specifically involved in floral organ patterning and phase duration by maintaining hormonal homeostasis and gradients during normal spike development and similarly influences plant stature traits. Furthermore, we establish a link between the SHI protein family and sucrose metabolism during organ growth and development that may have implications for deeper molecular insights into inflorescence and plant architecture in crops.
Dosage of duplicated and antifunctionalized homeobox proteins influences spikelet development in barley
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 08-11-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.11.08.467769
Abstract: Illuminating the mechanisms of inflorescence architecture of grain crops that feed our world may strengthen the goal towards sustainable agriculture. Lateral spikelet development of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is such an ex le of a floral architectural trait regulated by VRS1 (Vulgare Row-type Spike 1 or Six-rowed Spike 1, syn. HvHOX1). Its lateral spikelet-specific expression and the quantitative nature of suppressing spikelet development were previously shown in barley. However, the mechanistic function of this gene and its paralog HvHOX2 on spikelet development is still fragmentary.Here, we show that these duplicated transcription factors (TFs) have contrasting nucleotide ersity in various barley genotypes and several Hordeum species. Despite this difference, both proteins retain their basic properties of the homeodomain leucine zipper class I family of TFs. During spikelet development, these genes exhibit similar spatiotemporal expression patterns yet with anticyclic expression levels. A gene co-expression network analysis suggested that both have an ancestral relationship but their functions appear antagonistic to each other, i.e., HvHOX1 suppresses whereas HvHOX2 rather promotes spikelet development. Our transgenic promoter-swap analysis showed that HvHOX2 can restore suppressed lateral spikelets when expression levels are increased however, at its low endogenous expression level, HvHOX2 appears dispensable for spikelet development. Collectively, this study proposes that the dosage of the two antagonistic TFs, HvHOX1 and HvHOX2, influence spikelet development in barley.
A Cerebration of Language Diversity, Language Policy, and Politics in Education
Publisher: American Educational Research Association (AERA)
Date: 03-2014
COMPOSITUM 1 contributes to the architectural simplification of barley inflorescence via meristem identity signals
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-10-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-18890-Y
Abstract: Grasses have varying inflorescence shapes however, little is known about the genetic mechanisms specifying such shapes among tribes. Here, we identify the grass-specific TCP transcription factor COMPOSITUM 1 (COM1) expressing in inflorescence meristematic boundaries of different grasses. COM1 specifies branch-inhibition in barley (Triticeae) versus branch-formation in non-Triticeae grasses. Analyses of cell size, cell walls and transcripts reveal barley COM1 regulates cell growth, thereby affecting cell wall properties and signaling specifically in meristematic boundaries to establish identity of adjacent meristems. COM1 acts upstream of the boundary gene Liguleless1 and confers meristem identity partially independent of the COM2 pathway. Furthermore, COM1 is subject to purifying natural selection, thereby contributing to specification of the spike inflorescence shape. This meristem identity pathway has conceptual implications for both inflorescence evolution and molecular breeding in Triticeae.
Language Policy and Planning: Overview
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-11-2012
DOI: 10.1002/9781405198431.WBEAL0638
Abstract: Human intervention to shape and direct both form and use of language must be as old as language itself, while by contrast the academic field analyzing conscious policy making or deliberate planning is very recent. Human societies have always been multilingual and language planning, whether overt and conscious or covert and implicit in other activity, has always existed.
Educational Linguistics and Education Systems
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2008
Low Print Literacy and Its Representation in Research and Policy
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-04-2021
Accent on the positive: Revisiting the ‘Language as Resource’ orientation for bolstering multilingualism in contemporary urban Europe
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 24-05-2017
DOI: 10.1075/HSLD.6.03LOB
Domesticating the Foreign: Globalization's Effects on the Place/s of Languages
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-02-2014
Discourses in interaction: The intersection of literacy and health research internationally
Publisher: University of Technology, Sydney (UTS)
Date: 2007
Abstract: Literacy and health are deeply influential in social participation, utilisation of social resources and quality of life. This paper discusses interacting discourses and common conceptual points shared by the adult literacy and public health fields and situates how the sub-field at the intersection of these two domains, known as ‘health literacy’, is constructed and enacted. Emerging approaches that recognise the convergence of education and health within international policy, research and in practice are articulated. The paper argues a case for re-thinking the literacy-health connection from a cross-sectoral perspective and for more effective approaches furthering the interests of both life-long learning and wellbeing.
The Australian Asia project
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 31-12-2016
Researching Widening Access to Lifelong Learning
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 15-07-2004
Teaching Chinese, Teaching in Chinese, and Teaching the Chinese
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2007
Globalization, Universities and Medium of Instruction
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2010
The Kroonian Paradigm: Sjaak Kroon’s Distinctive Style of Language Work
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Community/Heritage Language Schools Transforming Education
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 16-10-2023
Language Planning as Applied Linguistics
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2004
Asia and Anglosphere: Public Symbolism and Language Policy in Australia
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2014
Tense Times and Language Planning.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 30-07-2008
Talking globally: Challenges for foreign-language education from new citizenship and economic globalisation
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-2001
Evolution of inflorescence branch modifications in cereal crops
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.PBI.2021.102168
Abstract: Grasses are ubiquitous in our daily lives, with gramineous cereal crops such as maize, rice, and wheat constituting a large proportion of our daily staple food intake. Evolutionary forces, especially over the past ∼20 million years, have shaped grass adaptability, inflorescence architecture, and reproductive success. Here, we provide basic information on grass evolution and inflorescence structures mainly related to two inflorescence types: branched panicle- and spike-type inflorescences, the latter of which has highly modified branching. We summarize and compare known genetic pathways underlying each infloresecence type and discuss how the maize RAMOSA, rice ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION, and Triticeae COMPOSITUM pathways are regulated. Our analyses might lay the foundation for understanding species-specific gene regulatory networks that could result in improved sink capacities.
Language, Education and Nation-Building: Assimilation and Shift in Southeast Asia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2015
DOI: 10.1111/JOSL.12120
Language Policy and Education in Australia
Publisher: Springer US
Date: 2008
Identification of several small main-effect QTLs and a large number of epistatic QTLs for drought tolerance related traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-12-2010
Globalisation and national communities of communication
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 10-08-2005
Abstract: Using the work of Dante to provide a historical perspective, this paper discusses the connection between nations, states and languages. Dante practiced both policy and cultivation approaches and, as a language strategist, he had a profound impact on the language directions of fourteenth-century Italy. By introducing the questione della lingua Dante set the terms of language debate in Italian public life and established himself as a language planner, and as a theorist of nationality and linguistic nationalism. Today, urbanisation, progressive aggregation of populations into larger identity groupings and the globalisation of economies appear to have led to a contraction in the vitality of many languages and pluralisation within and across communication systems. Alongside this reduction in language vitality is the challenge to nationalism itself. What relevance can Dante’s thought offer to those engaged with the possible dissolution of both nations and national languages — key ideas in the poet’s language planning work?
Genetic relationships among seven sections of genus Arachis studied by using SSR markers
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-01-2010
Abstract: The genus Arachis , originated in South America, is ided into nine taxonomical sections comprising of 80 species. Most of the Arachis species are diploids (2 n = 2 x = 20) and the tetraploid species (2 n = 2 x = 40) are found in sections Arachis , Extranervosae and Rhizomatosae . Diploid species have great potential to be used as resistance sources for agronomic traits like pests and diseases, drought related traits and different life cycle spans. Understanding of genetic relationships among wild species and between wild and cultivated species will be useful for enhanced utilization of wild species in improving cultivated germplasm. The present study was undertaken to evaluate genetic relationships among species (96 accessions) belonging to seven sections of Arachis by using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers developed from Arachis hypogaea genomic library and gene sequences from related genera of Arachis . The average transferability rate of 101 SSR markers tested to section Arachis and six other sections was 81% and 59% respectively. Five markers (IPAHM 164, IPAHM 165, IPAHM 407a, IPAHM 409, and IPAHM 659) showed 100% transferability. Cluster analysis of allelic data from a subset of 32 SSR markers on 85 wild and 11 cultivated accessions grouped accessions according to their genome composition, sections and species to which they belong. A total of 109 species specific alleles were detected in different wild species, Arachis pusilla exhibited largest number of species specific alleles (15). Based on genetic distance analysis, the A-genome accession ICG 8200 ( A. duranensis ) and the B-genome accession ICG 8206 ( A. ipaënsis ) were found most closely related to A. hypogaea . A set of cross species and cross section transferable SSR markers has been identified that will be useful for genetic studies of wild species of Arachis , including comparative genome mapping, germplasm analysis, population genetic structure and phylogenetic inferences among species. The present study provides strong support based on both genomic and genic markers, probably for the first time, on relationships of A. monticola and A. hypogaea as well as on the most probable donor of A and B-genomes of cultivated groundnut.
Dialogue between ELF and the field of language policy and planning
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 03-2014
Abstract: This paper explores the relevance of concepts and methods of language planning and policy for ELF researchers and teachers. As the global communication environment consolidates through globalisation of systems, such as publishing and education credentialing, the topics chosen for research and even some practices in teaching can be seen as forms of intervention which influence form, usage, and status of languages and language varieties. The escalating role of English in the public life of more and more countries raises questions of the overall language ecology (how English interacts with other languages in existing and future communication environments). By fostering dialogue with the conceptual categories and methods of language planning, ELF scholars and practitioners can sharpen their focus on how institutional and publishing gatekeepers operate and foster an expanded sense of what English as an international language can mean, in the interests of encouraging a more democratised global communication order.
Australian experiences: Multiculturalism, language policy and national ethos
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 1995
The barley mutant multiflorus2.b reveals quantitative genetic variation for new spikelet architecture
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 06-04-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.06.438555
Abstract: Understanding the genetic basis of yield forming factors in small grain cereals is of extreme importance, especially in the wake of stagnation of further yield gains in these crops. One such yield forming factor in these cereals is the number of grain-bearing florets produced per spikelet. Wildtype barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) spikelets are determinate structures, the spikelet axis (rachilla) degenerates after producing single floret. In contrast, the rachilla of wheat ( Triticum ssp .) spikelets, which are indeterminate, elongates to produce up to 12 florets. In our study, we characterized the barley spikelet determinacy mutant multiflorus2.b ( mul2.b ) that produced up to three fertile florets on elongated rachillae of lateral spikelets. Apart from the lateral spikelet indeterminacy (LS-IN), we also characterized the supernumerary spikelet phenotype in the central spikelets (CS-SS) of mul2.b . Through our phenotypic and genetic analyses, we identified two major QTLs on chromosomes 2H and 6H, and two minor QTLs on 3H for the LS-IN phenotype. For, the CS-SS phenotype we identified one major QTL on 6H, and a minor QTL on 5H chromosomes. Notably, the 6H QTLs for CS-SS and LS-IN phenotypes co-located with each other, potentially indicating that a single genetic factor might regulate both phenotypes. Thus, our in-depth phenotyping combined with genetic analyses revealed the quantitative nature of the LS-IN and CS-SS phenotypes in mul2.b , paving the way for cloning the genes underlying these QTLs in the future. Spikelet indeterminacy and supernumerary spikelet phenotypes in barley multiflorus2.b mutant show polygenic inheritance. Genetic analysis of multiflorus2.b revealed major QTLs for spikelet determinacy and supernumerary spikelet phenotypes on 2H and 6H chromosomes.
Uncle Sam and Mr Unz: language needs, politics, and pressures in the United States
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-2004
DOI: 10.1017/S0266078404003037
Abstract: In the United States today, two developments – concern for national security and the concerns of private citizens – have catapulted languages onto the national policy agenda. The first requires more Americans to learn foreign languages while the second seeks to ban bilingual education. ‘Uncle Sam wants you to learn a foreign language!’
A Robust and Energy Efficient Authentication Protocol for Industrial Internet of Things
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2018
Re-sequencing of vrs1 and int-c loci shows that labile barleys (Hordeum vulgare convar. labile) have a six-rowed genetic background
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-10-2011
Ideologies of sign language and their repercussions in language policy determinations
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
The Genetic Architecture of Barley Plant Stature
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 24-06-2016
Return of the good times? Japanese teaching today
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2009
The barley mutant multiflorus2.b reveals quantitative genetic variation for new spikelet architecture
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-11-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S00122-021-03986-W
Abstract: Spikelet indeterminacy and supernumerary spikelet phenotypes in barley multiflorus2.b mutant show polygenic inheritance. Genetic analysis of multiflorus2.b revealed major QTLs for spikelet determinacy and supernumerary spikelet phenotypes on 2H and 6H chromosomes. Understanding the genetic basis of yield forming factors in small grain cereals is of extreme importance, especially in the wake of stagnation of further yield gains in these crops. One such yield forming factor in these cereals is the number of grain-bearing florets produced per spikelet. Wild-type barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) spikelets are determinate structures, and the spikelet axis (rachilla) degenerates after producing single floret. In contrast, the rachilla of wheat ( Triticum ssp. ) spikelets, which are indeterminate, elongates to produce up to 12 florets. In our study, we characterized the barley spikelet determinacy mutant multiflorus2.b ( mul2.b ) that produced up to three fertile florets on elongated rachillae of lateral spikelets. Apart from the lateral spikelet indeterminacy (LS-IN), we also characterized the supernumerary spikelet phenotype in the central spikelets (CS-SS) of mul2.b. Through our phenotypic and genetic analyses, we identified two major QTLs on chromosomes 2H and 6H, and two minor QTLs on 3H for the LS-IN phenotype. For, the CS-SS phenotype, we identified one major QTL on 6H, and a minor QTL on 5H chromosomes. Notably, the 6H QTLs for CS-SS and LS-IN phenotypes co-located with each other, potentially indicating that a single genetic factor might regulate both phenotypes. Thus, our in-depth phenotyping combined with genetic analyses revealed the quantitative nature of the LS-IN and CS-SS phenotypes in mul2.b , paving the way for cloning the genes underlying these QTLs in the future.
Strategies of grain number determination differentiate barley row-types
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 09-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.275446
Abstract: Gaining knowledge on intrinsic interactions of various yield components is crucial to improve the yield potential in small grain cereals. It is well known in barley that increasing the grain number (GN) preponderantly improves their yield potential however, the yield components determining GN and their association in barley row-types are less explored. In this study, we assessed different yield components like potential spikelet number (PSN), spikelet survival (SSL), spikelet number (SN), grain set (GS), and grain survival (GSL), as well as their interactions with GN by using a selected panel of two- and six-rowed barley types. Also, to analyze the stability of these interactions, we performed the study in two growth conditions, greenhouse and field. From this study, we found that in two-rowed, GN determination is strongly influenced by PSN rather than SSL and/or GS in both growth conditions. Conversely, in six-rowed, GN is associated with SSL instead of PSN and/or GS. Thus, our study exemplified that increasing GN might be possible by augmenting PSN in two-rowed genotypes, while for six-rowed genotypes, the ability of SSL needs to be improved. We speculate that this disparity of GN determination in barley row-types might be due to the fertility of lateral spikelets. Collectively, this study revealed that the GN of two-rowed largely depends on the developmental trait, PSN, while in six-rowed, it mainly follows the ability of SSL. In cereals, understanding the interactions of different yield components that influence the grain number is essential to increase their yield by modulating the components. We show in this study that the grain number of two-rowed barley is predominantly determined by the potential spikelet number while in six-rowed by spikelet survival.
Bilingual Education in Australia
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Words and war: The role of the linguist in conflict resolution
Publisher: Unpublished
Date: 2017
COMPOSITUM 1 (COM1) contributes to the architectural simplification of barley inflorescence via meristem identity signals
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 19-02-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.02.18.952705
Abstract: Grasses have varying inflorescence shapes however, little is known about the genetic mechanisms specifying such shapes among tribes. We identified the grass-specific TCP transcription factor COMPOSITUM 1 (COM1) expressed in inflorescence meristematic boundaries of different grasses. COM1 specifies branch-inhibition in Triticeae (barley) versus branch-formation in non-Triticeae grasses. Analyses of cell size, cell walls and transcripts revealed barley COM1 regulates cell growth, affecting cell wall properties and signaling specifically in meristematic boundaries to establish identity of adjacent meristems. COM1 acts upstream of the boundary gene Liguleless1 and confers meristem identity partially independent of the COM2 pathway. Furthermore, COM1 is subject to purifying natural selection, thereby contributing to specification of the spike inflorescence shape. This meristem identity pathway has conceptual implications for both inflorescence evolution and molecular breeding in Triticeae.
Institutional responses: Empowering minority children
Publisher: JSTOR
Date: 1996
DOI: 10.2307/3587700
Identity Revisited and Reimagined
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
The first SSR-based genetic linkage map for cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-12-2009
DOI: 10.1007/S00122-008-0933-X
Abstract: Molecular markers and genetic linkage maps are pre-requisites for molecular breeding in any crop species. In case of peanut or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an hidiploid (4X) species, not a single genetic map is, however, available based on a mapping population derived from cultivated genotypes. In order to develop a genetic linkage map for tetraploid cultivated groundnut, a total of 1,145 microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers available in public domain as well as unpublished markers from several sources were screened on two genotypes, TAG 24 and ICGV 86031 that are parents of a recombinant inbred line mapping population. As a result, 144 (12.6%) polymorphic markers were identified and these lified a total of 150 loci. A total of 135 SSR loci could be mapped into 22 linkage groups (LGs). While six LGs had only two SSR loci, the other LGs contained 3 (LG_AhXV) to 15 (LG_AhVIII) loci. As the mapping population used for developing the genetic map segregates for drought tolerance traits, phenotyping data obtained for transpiration, transpiration efficiency, specific leaf area and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) for 2 years were analyzed together with genotyping data. Although, 2-5 QTLs for each trait mentioned above were identified, the phenotypic variation explained by these QTLs was in the range of 3.5-14.1%. In addition, alignment of two linkage groups (LGs) (LG_AhIII and LG_AhVI) of the developed genetic map was shown with available genetic maps of AA diploid genome of groundnut and Lotus and Medicago. The present study reports the construction of the first genetic map for cultivated groundnut and demonstrates its utility for molecular mapping of QTLs controlling drought tolerance related traits as well as establishing relationships with diploid AA genome of groundnut and model legume genome species. Therefore, the map should be useful for the community for a variety of applications.
Learning from Difference: Comparative Accounts of Multicultural Education
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Developmental pathways for shaping spike inflorescence architecture in barley and wheat.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1111/JIPB.12771
Abstract: Grass species display a wide array of inflorescences ranging from highly branched compound anicle inflorescences to unbranched spike inflorescences. The unbranched spike is a characteristic feature of the species of tribe Triticeae, including economically important crops, such as wheat and barley. In this review, we describe two important developmental genetic mechanisms regulating spike inflorescence architecture in barley and wheat. These include genetic regulation of (i) row-type pathway specific to Hordeum species and (ii) unbranched spike development in barley and wheat. For a comparative understanding, we describe the branched inflorescence phenotypes of rice and maize along with unbranched Triticeae inflorescences. In the end, we propose a simplified model describing a probable mechanism leading to unbranched spike formation in Triticeae species.
Emergent China and Chinese: Language Planning Categories
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-01-2007
Romanization of Vietnamese
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-11-2012
DOI: 10.1002/9781405198431.WBEAL1030
Abstract: Writing about East Asian language planning, Gottlieb and Chen (2001) point out that script reform and change are often synonymous with language policy.
Genetic mapping of the labile (lab) gene: a recessive locus causing irregular spikelet fertility in labile-barley (Hordeum vulgare convar. labile)
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-02-2014
DOI: 10.1007/S00122-014-2284-0
Abstract: The recessive labile locus mapped on chromosome 5HL causes irregular spikelet fertility and controls floret development as well as row-type in barley. The labile-barley displays a variable number of fertile spikelets at each rachis internode (0-3 fertile spikelets/rachis internode) which is intermediate between that observed in two- or six-rowed types. Previous re-sequencing of Vrs1 in 219 labile-barley (Hordeum vulgare L. convar. labile) accessions showed that all carried a six-rowed specific allele. We therefore hypothesized that this seemingly random reduction in spikelet fertility is most likely caused by the labile (lab) locus, which we aimed to phenotypically and genetically define. Here, we report a detailed phenotypic analysis of spikelet fertility in labile-barleys in comparison to two- and six-rowed genotypes using scanning electron microscopy analysis. We found that the first visible morphological deviation occurred during the stamen primordium stage, when we regularly observed the appearance of arrested central floral primordia in labile but not in two- or six-rowed barleys. At late stamen and early awn primordium stages, lateral florets in two-rowed and only some in labile-barley showed retarded development and reduction in size compared with fully fertile lateral florets in six-rowed barley. We used two F2 mapping populations to generate whole genome genetic linkage maps and ultimately locate the lab locus as a recessive Mendelian trait to a 4.5-5.8 cM interval at approximately 80 cM on chromosome 5HL. Our results will help identifying the role of the lab gene in relation to other spikelet fertility factors in barley.
Wireless Power Transfer and Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2018
Recognizing Diversity: The Incipient Role of Intercultural Education in Thailand
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ) controls spikelet determinacy and row-type in barley
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 22-07-2013
Abstract: Inflorescence architecture of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is common among the Triticeae species, which bear one to three single-flowered spikelets at each rachis internode. Triple spikelet meristem is one of the unique features of barley spikes, in which three spikelets (one central and two lateral spikelets) are produced at each rachis internode. Fertility of the lateral spikelets at triple spikelet meristem gives row-type identity to barley spikes. Six-rowed spikes show fertile lateral spikelets and produce increased grain yield per spike, compared with two-rowed spikes with sterile lateral spikelets. Thus, far, two loci governing the row-type phenotype were isolated in barley that include Six-rowed spike1 ( Vrs1 ) and Intermedium-C . In the present study, we isolated Six-rowed spike4 ( Vrs4 ), a barley ortholog of the maize ( Zea mays L.) inflorescence architecture gene RAMOSA2 ( RA2 ). Eighteen coding mutations in barley RA2 ( HvRA2 ) were specifically associated with lateral spikelet fertility and loss of spikelet determinacy. Expression analyses through mRNA in situ hybridization and microarray showed that Vrs4 ( HvRA2 ) controls the row-type pathway through Vrs1 ( HvHox1 ), a negative regulator of lateral spikelet fertility in barley. Moreover, Vrs4 may also regulate transcripts of barley SISTER OF RAMOSA3 ( HvSRA ), a putative trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase involved in trehalose-6-phosphate homeostasis implicated to control spikelet determinacy. Our expression data illustrated that, although RA2 is conserved among different grass species, its down-stream target genes appear to be modified in barley and possibly other species of tribe Triticeae.
Related Organisations
Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University Faculty Of Agriculture
Location: India
Leibniz-Institut Für Pflanzengenetik Und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
Location: Germany
International Crops Research Institute For The Semi-Arid Tropics
Location: India
Institute Of Plant Genetics And Crop Plant Research
Location: Germany
University Of Melbourne Graduate School Of Education
Location: Australia
Related Funding Activities
Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP220100370
Start Date: 05-2022
End Date: 05-2025
Amount: $323,407.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityLinkage Projects - Grant ID: LP100100291
Start Date: 02-2010
End Date: 12-2013
Amount: $290,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityDiscovery Projects - Grant ID: DP190102514
Start Date: 2019
End Date: 12-2024
Amount: $428,631.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityLearned Academies Special Projects - Grant ID: LS1000002
Start Date: 07-2010
End Date: 12-2014
Amount: $225,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity