ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9685-4673
Current Organisations
Equinemed
,
University of Adelaide
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-07-2012
DOI: 10.1111/J.1751-0813.2012.00970.X
Abstract: To measure the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration in horses and determine whether it could be used in the diagnosis of myocardial disease, as well as determining the association between cTnI and survival. Prospective, observational study. Physical examination, echocardiography, telemetric electrocardiography and postmortem were used to diagnose cardiac disease. Diagnoses were grouped as myocardial disease, structural heart disease or lone arrhythmia. Blood s les were collected at admission for cTnI analysis and the results were compared with those for 18 healthy horses. In total, 49 horses were admitted with cardiac disease. Elevated cTnI concentration (>0.03 ng/mL) was observed in a greater proportion of horses with myocardial disease (7/7), compared with healthy horses (0/18 P < 0.0001), horses with structural heart disease (7/25 P = 0.001), and horses with a lone arrhythmia (2/17 P = 0.0001). The median cTnI concentration for horses with myocardial disease was 17.5 ng/mL (range 0.78-49.87 ng/mL), which was higher than in the healthy horses (0.01 ng/mL, range 0.01-0.03 ng/mL P < 0.0001). Of the 49 horses with cardiac disease, the median cTnI concentration for non-survivors (0.28 ng/mL, range 0.01-49.87 ng/mL) was higher than for survivors (0.01 ng/mL, range 0.01-30.31 ng/mL P = 0.0035). However, the proportion of surviving horses with an elevated cTnI (10/39, 26%) was not significantly different from the proportion of non-surviving horses with an elevated cTnI (6/10, 60% P = 0.060). cTnI is elevated in horses with myocardial disease and elevated to a lesser degree in some horses with structural heart disease or lone arrhythmias. The association between cTnI concentration and survival was not clear.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-04-2009
DOI: 10.1111/J.1751-0813.2009.00424.X
Abstract: A 10-month-old Friesian filly had a presentation that was consistent with chronic left- and right-sided congestive heart failure. Clinical pathology findings included abnormal haematological and biochemical variables, abnormal blood gas values and increased serum concentration of cardiac troponin I. Echocardiography revealed cardiac chamber dilation and dextropositioning of the aorta. Radiography revealed a generally enlarged heart and pulmonary interstitial infiltration. These findings were supported at necropsy and the diagnosis of double-outlet right ventricle was confirmed. The pathological changes and physiological responses subsequent to double-outlet right ventricle have not previously been described in detail in horses. Clinical progression closely resembles that seen in humans, in whom antemortem diagnosis relies on echocardiography. In horses, complex cardiac disease presents a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. Appropriate therapy must be based on an accurate diagnosis.
Publisher: American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
Date: 11-2012
Abstract: Objective —To determine whether there is evidence of myocardial injury in horses with acute abdominal disease. Design —Prospective case series. Animals —18 healthy horses and 69 horses with acute abdominal disease. Procedures —18 healthy horses had been admitted to the hospital for investigation and were assigned to group 1. Horses examined for acute abdominal disease were assigned to 3 groups: strangulating obstruction, nonstrangulating obstruction, or inflammatory disease (groups 2, 3, and 4, respectively). Heart rate, Hct, and blood lactate and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations were measured at initial examination. Myocardial function was assessed by echocardiographic measurement of fractional shortening and left ventricular ejection time (LVET). Heart rhythm was evaluated via ECG. Results —The proportion of horses with high ( 0.03 ng/mL) cTnI concentration was significantly greater among horses with strangulating (9/25 [36%]) or inflammatory (9/19 [47%]) lesions, compared with healthy horses (0/18). The proportion of horses with high cTnI concentration was significantly greater among nonsurvivors (12/24 [50%]) than among survivors (10/45 [22%]). Serum cTnI concentration was positively correlated with Hct, heart rate, and blood lactate concentration and negatively correlated with LVET. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance —Evidence of myocardial injury was observed in horses with acute abdominal disease, and this injury was associated with severity of illness. Recognition of myocardial injury could improve treatment of acute abdominal disease in horses.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-12-2022
DOI: 10.1111/AVJ.13137
Abstract: AliveCor is a smartphone electrocardiography device (iECG) providing automated heart rate (HR) and rhythm determination. Atrial fibrillation (AF) in horses often is paroxysmal and rapid ECG acquisition is needed for diagnostic confirmation. iECGs were collected post‐race from 15 horses with AF and 64 horses in sinus rhythm (SR). Results of manual assessment were compared to 3 commercial algorithms for HR and rhythm. Agreement between manually derived HR (HR M ) and HR derived by the AliveECG Vet (HR VET ) and Kardia version‐1 (K V1 HR) and Kardia advanced (K ADV HR) algorithms was quantified by the Bland–Altman limits of agreement test. Agreement between manual rhythm classification and K V1 and K ADV algorithms for AF and SR was calculated by the Kappa statistical coefficient. The agreement (bias, 95% limits), between HR M and HR VET was 7.1 BPM (−29 to 43) in AF and −4.2 BPM (−38 to 30) in SR, between HR M and K V1 HR, was −0.3 BPM (−31 to 30) in AF and 0.2 BPM (−3 to 4) in SR, and between HR M and K ADV HR was 7.0 BPM (−29 to 43) in AF and 0.2 BPM (−3.9 to 4.2) in SR. Agreement between manual rhythm classification and K V1 was 0.36 (0.13–0.59), and K ADV was 0.84 (0.68–0.99). Sensitivity and specificity for identification of AF and SR of the K V1 algorithm were 60, 100% and 83, 100%, respectively, and of K ADV was 87, 100% and 93, 100% respectively. The Kardia algorithms improved precision for HR determination in SR but not AF. The advanced algorithm accurately distinguished between AF and SR. The iECG is suitable for recording episodes of AF following exercise.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-06-2011
DOI: 10.1111/J.1751-0813.2011.00790.X
Abstract: A 10-week-old Thoroughbred filly was referred for anaemia of 4 weeks' duration. Haematology revealed severe anaemia and panleucopenia. Cytological examination of bone marrow smears revealed a myeloid to erythroid ratio <0.02:1 (reference range 0.5-2.4:1.0) and an abundance of erythroid precursor cells. The erythroid cell population included rubriblasts, prorubricytes and rubricytes, with only scant numbers of metarubricytes present. There were numerous mitotic erythroid cells, some of which were atypical and megaloblastic. These cytomorphological changes are consistent with pure acute erythroid leukaemia. No treatment was instituted and the filly died three days after presentation. This case illustrates the need to consider both haematology and bone marrow findings to establish a diagnosis of pure erythroid leukaemia. To our knowledge, there is no documented case of acute myeloproliferative disease in horses involving cells of erythroid lineage, but this condition should be considered a differential diagnosis for horses presenting with anaemia.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-04-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-04-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1751-0813.2010.00565.X
Abstract: To evaluate the reproductive efficiency of horse farms in north-east Victoria and identify aspects of management to be targeted for improving reproductive efficiency. Retrospective study. Records from seven Thoroughbred (TB) and four Standardbred (STB) studs in north-east Victoria from 1990 to 2001 were reviewed 8813 cycles in 4455 mares were analysed. TB mares were inseminated by natural mating, whereas STB mares (89%) were artificially inseminated. The overall early pregnancy rate per cycle was 68.8% for TB mares and for STB mares, 68.3%. Multiple pregnancy per cycle was more frequent in TB (8.3%) than in STB (4.6%) mares (P < 0.001). Early embryonic death occurred in 7.1% of TB and 7.5% of STB pregnancies. TB mares had fewer inseminations per cycle (1.03) than STB mares (1.43) (P < 0.001). There was a significantly lower proportion of barren reproductive status within the TB than the STB mares. Pregnancy rate per cycle among stallions ranged from 48% to 79%. On-farm pregnancy rates in both breeds were higher than previously reported and likely reflect improvements in reproductive management. The disparity between breeds in the inseminations per cycle and proportion of barren mares exposed the differing structures of the two industries, and presents a target for improving the reproductive efficiency in STBs. The difference between breeds in the multiple pregnancy rate per cycle likely reflects the higher ovulation rate of TB mares. The variability in pregnancy rate per cycle between the 22 stallions was associated with differences in in idual inherent fertility and the quality of stallion management.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-09-2023
DOI: 10.1111/JVIM.16878
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-05-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-02-2021
DOI: 10.1111/JVIM.16063
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) impacts performance and horse and jockey safety. Understanding the outcomes of AF identified postrace will better inform regulatory policy. To investigate the outcomes after episodes of AF identified postrace and determine whether affected horses are at increased risk of additional episodes compared to the general racing population. Total of 4684 Thoroughbred racehorses. Race records for Thoroughbred horses racing in Hong Kong from 2007 to 2017 were reviewed. Horses that performed below expectation were examined by cardiac auscultation and ECG. Incidence and recurrence of AF were compared between horses with and without a history of AF and between horses with paroxysmal and persistent episodes using Fisher's exact test. There were 96 135 race starts during the study. Atrial fibrillation was identified in 4.9% of horses, with an overall incidence of 2.7 episodes per 1000 starts. The incidence of AF in horses after any previous episode (12.8 per 1000 starts) was higher than for horses with no previous episode (2.4 per 1000 starts odds ratio [OR], 5.3 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8‐7.6). Recurrence was seen in 64% of horses previously treated for persistent AF, which was higher than recurrence in horses with paroxysmal AF (23% OR, 5.9 95% CI, 1.6‐21.2). Median duration between episodes was 343 days (range, 34‐1065). Thoroughbreds are at increased risk of recurrent AF after both paroxysmal and persistent episodes, but the duration of time between episodes varies widely. These findings support a substantial burden of AF among in idual Thoroughbred racehorses.
Publisher: American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
Date: 15-05-2010
DOI: 10.2460/JAVMA.236.10.1085
Abstract: Objective —To assess the use of stored equine colostrum for the treatment of foals perceived to be at risk for failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). Design —Cohort study. Animals —232 Thoroughbred foals and 191 Thoroughbred mares (41 mares gave birth to 1 foal on 2 occasions). Procedures —Postpartum, presuckle colostrum s les were collected from mares s les with a colostral refractive index (cRI) ≥ 23% were frozen (−20°C [–4°F]) and stored for ≥ 7 days but 2 years. Foals of dams that produced colostrum with a cRI value 20% were treated with ≥ 300 mL of stored colostrum that was thawed and administered via nasogastric tube on 1 to 4 occasions within 6 hours after parturition. Serum s les were obtained from colostrum-treated and nontreated foals 24 hours after treatment or suckling, respectively, for determination of serum IgG (sIgG) concentration. Results —8 foals and their respective dams were excluded from the analyses. For the remaining 30 treated and 194 nontreated foals, mean ± SD sIgG concentration was 1,597 ± 574 mg/dL. Thirteen (5.8%) foals had sIgG concentrations 800 mg/dL, of which 1 (0.4%) had an sIgG concentration 400 mg/dL. Nine of these foals had suckled mares producing colostrum with a cRI value ≥ 20%, and 2 foals had been treated with stored colostrum. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance —Treatment with stored colostrum appeared to be effective for prevention of FTPI in at-risk foals. However, foals were still at risk for FTPI despite suckling of or treatment with colostrum with adequate cRI values.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.TVJL.2011.01.006
Abstract: This study evaluated the inflammatory mediator activin A in horses with acute abdominal disease and compared this putative novel biomarker with serum amyloid A (SAA). Thirty-three adult horses referred for evaluation of acute abdominal disease were grouped into three lesion categories, non-strangulating, strangulating or inflammatory. Eleven healthy adult horses served as controls. Serum activin-A was significantly increased in animals with inflammatory or strangulating lesions compared with controls. Horses with non-strangulating, strangulating or inflammatory lesions had significantly elevated SAA concentrations. Activin A, along with other biomarkers, may be useful in monitoring inflammation in cases of acute abdominal disease in horses. Further validation is warranted to determine the utility of this biomarker in evaluating the effectiveness of novel anti-inflammatory treatments for equine colic and endotoxaemia.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Laura Nath.