ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4341-7167
Current Organisation
Universiteit Utrecht
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-02-2011
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 08-02-2016
Abstract: Decades of research into the cause of chronic insomnia have identified hyperarousal as the key factor, but mechanisms underlying hyperarousal have remained elusive. The present findings suggest that hyperarousal can result from an inadequate resolution of emotional distress, which, in turn, is likely due to restless rapid-eye-movement sleep.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-2016
DOI: 10.5665/SLEEP.5744
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 26-12-2018
DOI: 10.1093/SLEEP/ZSY268
Abstract: Mechanisms underlying the distress of hyperarousal in people with insomnia remain enigmatic. We investigated whether insomnia impedes the overnight adaptation to emotional distress. We induced the distressful self-conscious emotion of shame four times across three consecutive days by exposing 64 participants to their often embarrassingly out-of-tune singing, recorded earlier during a Karaoke session. Perceived physical, emotional, and social distress was assessed with the Experiential Shame Scale. Compared to exposures followed by wakefulness, exposures followed by sleep resulted in overnight relief of physical component of shame in normal sleepers, but in a striking opposite overnight worsening in people with insomnia. Our findings are the first to experimentally show that the benefits of sleep are not only lost when sleep is poor people with insomnia experience a maladaptive type of sleep that actually aggravates physically perceived distress. Maladaptive sleep could shed new light on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and on diurnal mood fluctuation and the counterintuitive favorable effects of sleep deprivation in depression.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.SMRV.2016.10.005
Abstract: Meta-analyses and systematic reviews have reported surprisingly few consistent insomnia-characteristics with respect to cognitions, mood, traits, history of life events and family history. One interpretation of this limited consistency is that different subtypes of insomnia exist, each with its own specific multivariate profile of characteristics. Because previously unrecognized subtypes will be differentially represented in in idual studies and dilute effect sizes of subtype-dependent characteristics of importance, they are unlikely to be reported consistently in in idual studies, let alone in meta-analyses. This review therefore aims to complement meta-analyses by listing previously reported psychometric characteristics of insomnia, irrespective of the degree of consistency over studies. The review clearly indicates that characteristics of insomnia may not be limited to sleep. Reports suggest that at least some in iduals with insomnia may deviate from people without sleep complaints with respect to demographics, mental and physical health, childhood trauma, life events, fatigue, sleepiness, hyperarousal, hyperactivity, other sleep disorders, lifetime sleep history, chronotype, depression, anxiety, mood, quality of life, personality, happiness, worry, rumination, self-consciousness, sensitivity, dysfunctional beliefs, self-conscious emotion regulation, coping, nocturnal mentation, wake resting-state mentation, physical activity, food intake, temperature perception and hedonic evaluation. The value of this list of characteristics is that 1) internet has now made it feasible to asses them all in a large s le of people suffering from insomnia, and 2) statistical methods like latent class analysis and community detection can utilize them for a truly bottom-up data-driven search for subtypes. The supplement to this review provides a blueprint of this multivariate approach as implemented in the Sleep registry platform (www.sleepregistry.nl), that allows for bottom-up subtyping and fosters cross-cultural comparison and worldwide collaboration on insomnia subtype finding - and beyond.
No related grants have been discovered for Jeroen Benjamins.