ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1786-3967
Current Organisations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
,
Griffith University
,
North Carolina State University
,
Griffith University Griffith Health
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-12-2018
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.17
Abstract: Childhood obesity is rising in prevalence in Australia. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the "Have Fun-Be Healthy" (HFBH) intervention, delivered in the Playgroup setting, to generate short term changes in dietary, physical activity and sedentary behaviours of children under 5 years and self-efficacy of parents and primary carers. This intervention consisted of eight structured cooking and physical play sessions delivered over a period of 8 weeks by trained facilitators. Pre- and post-intervention data collection was performed using survey questionnaires administered to parents and carers of children under 5 years from low socioeconomic backgrounds recruited through convenience s ling. A total of 640 pre-intervention surveys and 312 post-intervention surveys were returned. The matched response rate was 45.5%. There was an improvement in mean intake of healthy foods and mean physical activity with a decrease in mean intake of unhealthy food and mean screen time in children (P > .05). Following the intervention, parental/carer self-efficacy in promoting healthy eating and limiting screen time of children improved significantly (P < .05). Children's physical activity levels and consumption of healthy foods were positively correlated with parental/carer self-efficacy (P < .01) while screen time and consumption of unhealthy foods were negatively correlated (P < .01). HFBH intervention was successful in improving the dietary, physical activity and screen time in children and parental self-efficacy. SO WHAT?: Being amongst the first of its' kind in Australia, the findings of this study can have implications for developing and implementing similar future health promotion interventions in comparable settings.
Publisher: Briefland
Date: 20-05-2020
DOI: 10.5812/SEMJ.95166
Abstract: : The current study aimed at validating the 26-item Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation scale (SL-ASIA) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in first-generation young adult Middle Eastern (ME) migrants, and also exploring the agreement between the outcomes of linear and orthogonal approaches of acculturation using SL-ASIA. The CFA and convergent and discriminant validity measures were employed to validate the original linear SL-ASIA and the subsequently designed orthogonal SL-ASIA for first-generation young adult ME migrants in Australia (n = 382). Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was used to measure the agreement between classifications obtained by the linear and orthogonal methods of measuring acculturation. The CFAs of the initial six-factor 21-item linear scale and the two-factor five-item orthogonal scale indicated poor fits. However, after model specification and validation, satisfactory fit and validity indices were achieved for the modified scales. The validated linear SL-ASIA comprised five factors and 15 items, and the validated orthogonal SL-ASIA comprised two factors and four items. The Kappa coefficient showed a high level of consistency between the linear and orthogonal models of acculturation, confirming that the use of either scale can lead to similar research outcomes. The study also supports the use of the validated linear and/or orthogonal scales to measure acculturation. This finding responds to the existing gap in the literature that until now, no acculturation scale is validated for ME migrants, and also no study is conducted to validate the orthogonal SL-ASIA.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-04-2012
DOI: 10.1111/J.1741-6612.2010.00501.X
Abstract: This research applied ecological thinking to develop a more integrated or ecological understanding of the needs and aspirations of communities of older people. A three-stage methodology was utilised. Stage one entailed the thematic analysis of resident satisfaction surveys collected from 1000 residents of aged living and care facilities to identify issues impacting upon their lives. In stage two these findings were critiqued through a key stakeholder forum. In stage three findings were authenticated through resident interviews and workshops. The findings suggest that an ecological framework for the well-being of older people living in residential communities can be conceptualised as the four domains of the physical environment, social environment, governance and active living. This framework for the ecology of resident well-being developed through this research informs an ecological approach to service providers' planning to promote the health and well-being of residents of communities of older people.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2015
DOI: 10.1071/HE14054
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-01-2020
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12761
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 28-01-2014
Abstract: – This study explores how Australian Muslim men cope with potential conflict and achieve feelings of balance between their work, family and religious roles. – The study is guided by the interpretive paradigm and is qualitative. Data is collected from participants via semi-structured in-depth interviews ( n =20) and analysed using thematic analysis. – Personal coping strategies (e.g. making permanent changes and time management) seem more effective in coping with immediate conflict and achieving work-life balance as opposed to external ones (e.g. supervisor support). Although some of the strategies mirror existing research, their extent of use and reasons for usage by Muslim men are different. Muslim men use these strategies in a preventive manner to actively achieve work-life balance rather than just cope with episodic work-life conflict. – The study is conducted with a small s le and the findings may not be generalizable to non-practising Australian Muslim men. To date, research has not clearly articulated how people who do not experience work-life conflict, make decisions to achieve balance. This study has a positive look at a negative issue by indicating that workers can go beyond coping with conflict and explore avenues to achieve work-life balance. The findings underscore the importance of preventive coping in achieving work-life balance and caution researchers about investigating how people cope with immediate work-life conflict only. – In addition to work and family roles, this study focuses on religious commitments, with religion being a largely overlooked concept within the work-family coping literature.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.JNEB.2015.03.013
Abstract: To identify and review data collection techniques used to measure preschool children's knowledge of food and nutrition. A systematic review of published research guided by the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. Published journal articles between 1980 and 2013 reporting research involving the measurement of preschool children's (aged 3-5 years) knowledge of food and nutrition. Twenty studies were eligible for inclusion. The studies reported the use of a range of innovative age-appropriate techniques to assess children's knowledge of food and nutrition. Data collection techniques were grouped under 3 broad approaches: (1) interviews, (2) use of stimulus material and prompts, and (3) structured play-based activities. Only 3 of the reviewed studies tested for both reliability (test-retest and internal consistency) and face and content validity. Only 9 of the reviewed studies reported pilot-testing their instruments before use. Results from this review suggest that additional research is needed to develop more valid and reliable measures to assess preschool children's knowledge of food and nutrition. Assessment tools need to be pilot-tested, refined, and adapted to suit both the specific audience and the components of the nutrition knowledge being targeted by an intervention before implementing a nutrition education program.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 24-12-2017
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 29-04-2014
DOI: 10.1108/JIEB-06-2012-0010
Abstract: – Global citizenship, social responsibility and sustainability are constructs increasingly used in business schools. Yet, there is no widely accepted definition or conceptualization of the global citizen, nor is there strong evidence of how the global citizen is effectively translated into university ethos, culture and practice. This paper aims to conceptualize the global citizen in higher education broadly and more specifically in regard to business schools. – International higher education, social science and business literature has been reviewed to present an integrated understanding of the global citizen contextualized to higher education generally and business schools specifically. – It is argued that the global citizen, viewed through a moral and transformative cosmopolitan lens, provides an alternative to the rhetoric frequently paid to the construct. This paper describes “global citizen learning” underpinned by the social imaginary, relationality and reflexivity. These virtues equip the students' global business mindset for complexity and ambiguity. – The interdisciplinary literature reviewed in this paper brings a focus to moral reasoning, sensitivity and values-based teaching. These aspects create new ways for the global citizen to be more explicitly integrated into business ethos and curricula. – Global citizen learning provides the “conceptual glue”, needed to link social responsibility, sustainability and ethical principles to business curricula. Also, the paper outlines how “global citizen learning” can be utilized in existing curricula from a practical perspective. – This paper discusses values and moral reasoning in business education. It is proposed that the global citizen conceptualized through moral and transformative cosmopolitanism provides a humanistic buffer to the neoliberal growth paradigm.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 30-04-2021
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980021001877
Abstract: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention (MCI) on children’s dietary ersity and its impact pathway components of children’s food knowledge and healthy food preferences. A 6-week cluster randomised controlled trial with a MCI consisting of child nutrition education plus family engagement through parental nutrition education, meal preparation and tasting was compared with two groups: single component intervention (SCI) of child nutrition education, and control, conducted during February to July 2018. Preschool centres were randomly assigned to one of the three arms. Children’s food knowledge, healthy food preferences and dietary ersity scores were collected. Intervention effects were analysed using a pre-post analysis and a difference-in-difference model. Fourteen preschool centres in an urban area of Kurunegala, Sri Lanka. Child–parent dyads of children aged 4–6 years. Final analyses included 306 (for food knowledge and preferences) and 258 (for dietary ersity) dyads. MCI significantly influenced the impact pathways to children’s dietary ersity by increasing children’s food knowledge and healthy food preferences scores by 3·76 and 2·79 ( P 0·001), respectively, but not the dietary ersity score ( P = 0·603), compared with the control arm. Relative to SCI, MCI significantly improved children’s food knowledge score by 1·10 ( P 0·001), but no significant effects were noted for other outcome variables. Improved food knowledge and preferences require a positive food environment and time to develop into healthy eating behaviours. Research into dietary ersity should broaden to incorporate the contextual roles of the home and general food environments to more completely understand food choices of children.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2016.10.024
Abstract: The high school setting has been identified as an ideal setting to teach adolescents about healthy dietary behaviours. This study explored home economics teachers' (HETs) views on the role of high schools in enhancing adolescents' food literacy and promoting healthy dietary behaviours. Semi-structured interviews with 22 HETs were conducted. The interview questions focused on the perceived strengths/opportunities and the limitations/barriers in enhancing adolescents' food literacy and healthy dietary behaviours in Australian high schools. Thematic data analysis was used to identify five key themes from the interview transcripts: (1) the standing of food-related life skills (2) food literacy in the Australian school curriculum (3) emphasis on resources (4) learning through school canteens and (5) building a school to home and community nexus. Overall, HETs reported that home economics was regarded by parents and other school staff to be less important than Maths or English for adolescents to learn in Australian high schools. Some teachers indicated that their schools offered one year compulsory teaching of food related studies which is typically delivered in the leaning areas of Technologies or Health and Physical Education (HPE). However, HETs stated that the time was insufficient to develop sustainable food-related life skills and introduce broader concepts of food literacy such as environmental sustainability. The lack of financial resources and non-supportive school food environments, including school canteens, were reportedly major factors that prevented food literacy education and healthy dietary behaviours of adolescents. Increasing the status of food literacy education in schools would support adolescents to develop food-related life skills and mobilise them as agents of dietary behaviour change in the home setting.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-03-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S13643-022-01908-5
Abstract: Disorders of adipose tissue distribution in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been associated with significant metabolic derangements that increase their risk of cardiometabolic and other chronic diseases. Systematic reviews focusing on supervised laboratory-based exercise interventions demonstrate that these interventions improve adipose tissue distribution and related health outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH). However, there is a need to examine the effectiveness of more pragmatic home or community exercise programmes. The aim of this review will be to synthesize existing evidence on the effectiveness of self-managed home or community exercise interventions to improve physical activity levels, adipose tissue distribution and associated health indices in PLWH. This review will encompass interventional studies that evaluate the effect of prescribed exercise programmes performed in the home or community with minimal supervision, by adults living with HIV. The following will be searched from inception: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Clinicaltrials.gov. Screening of studies and data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers. The risk of bias in included studies will be assessed using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) and the Risk of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for non-randomized concurrently controlled and single-arm interventional studies. A random effects meta-analysis will be used to pool effect estimates for outcomes of interest (measures of physical activity and body adiposity). However, if pooling is deemed inappropriate due to substantial differences between studies, a narrative synthesis will be performed. This protocol is written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols 2015 statement (see Additional file 1). This review shall provide evidence to support or disapprove the prescription of self-managed exercise interventions in a particularly vulnerable population. We will equally explore the potential impact of technology in improving physical activity outcomes. Our findings could help guide clinicians involved in the care of PLWH in prescribing exercise and inform the design of future trials and research. PROSPERO CRD42021223357 .
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-01-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-08-2017
DOI: 10.1111/IJCS.12309
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.523
Abstract: To inform strategies to increase physical activity amongst Older Residential Care Facility Residents (ORCFR), this research explored self‐identified motivators for, benefits of and barriers to physical activity engagement. The research was framed within a salutogenic model of health, viewing health as a continuum shaped by one’s health resources and life stressors. This exploratory qualitative research examined the physical activity experiences of seven ORCFR in Brisbane, Australia. Semi‐structured interviews with open‐ended questions assessed basic demographics, Physical Activity (PA) levels, perceived benefits of and barriers to PA. The resulting data underwent thematic analysis. After seven interviews, data saturation was reached, revealing three major themes and seven subthemes. These were positive socialisation (inclusion) with subthemes of enjoying social contact and avoiding “ zombieland” (loneliness). Negative socialisation (isolation) with subthemes of avoiding conflict and feeling awkward. Maintaining independence was the benefit, with subthemes of getting around to socialise, activities of daily living and preserving health to socialise. Conventional physical activity programs emphasising medical and clinical benefits are disconnected from ORCFR motivators, as residents perceive benefits in terms of mobility and socialisation. This disconnect partially explains poor acceptability and uptake of ORCFR physical activity interventions over the last 25 years.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
DOI: 10.1111/J.1753-6405.2010.00646.X
Abstract: To explore the changing nature of Australia's potential workforce, and comment on the limitations of existing fragmented infrastructure to address the health needs of all potential workers. This paper analyses the changing nature of work in Australia and the challenges this presents to existing health infrastructure. This paper argues that there are more than 1.5 million Australians who are currently unemployed, under-employed or potentially employable who should be seen as part of the workforce. Australia cannot afford to have so many people exposed to the significant health risks of unemployment and underemployment. Given the changing nature of employment, it may be more appropriate to see employment as a continuous variable from secure full-time employment to systematic social exclusion from the workforce, rather than a dichotomous variable of employed and unemployed. Structural responsibility for the health of the workforce is currently based on services for those in the workforce and those out of the workforce. Transforming these systems will be a complex but necessary task if we are to engage the entire potential workforce in productive activity.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-09-2020
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.400
Abstract: Adolescence is a transition period between childhood and adulthood during which an in idual is more likely to engage in drug use. Peer education is one strategy suggested to discourage adolescents from engaging in negative lifestyle behaviours including drug use. This qualitative research was conducted to understand the perspectives of student peer educators to provide counselling to their peers around drug use. Data were gathered at 10 senior high schools in five regions of Surabaya through semi‐structured interviews (student peer educators: n = 20 teachers: n = 13) and focus group discussions (three FGDs with student peer educators: n = 25). The data were analysed through thematic analysis following procedures of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The peer educators showed readiness (actual or potential) to provide counselling based on the external factor (confidence of ongoing support) and internal factors (motivate healthy lifestyle choices, ready with an open ear, self‐development and share knowledge and experience). The readiness to provide counselling emphasises the preparedness of the students to help their peers and appeared underpinned by their self development and personal experiences. A capacity building program to enable student peer educators to enhance their skills to motivate healthy lifestyle choices would be of benefit. The confidence in ongoing support factor recognises the essential role of stakeholders to visibly advocate for the reactivation of the peer educator program for high school students as a clear sign of support.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.2147/CEOR.S167499
Publisher: ASM Press
Date: 27-01-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2018.12.025
Abstract: Despite growing research investigating prevalence rates of BD among Malaysian women, there has been limited research conducted in Malaysia with respect to factors contributing to its development and consequences. This study tested a subsection of the Tripartite Influence Model, investigating whether sociocultural influences (family, peers, media) lead to thin ideal internalization, which in turn lead to body dissatisfaction (BD) and subsequently restrained eating and bulimic behaviours in both Australian and Malaysian women. Participants were 421 Australian and 399 Malaysian female emerging adults aged between 18 and 25 years, (M = 20.76 SD = 2.86) who completed questionnaires assessing sociocultural influences, thin ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, restrained eating and bulimic behaviours. The model, largely supported in both cultures, had two points of difference. For Malaysian but not Australian women, family influence was significantly linked with internalization of the thin ideal. Although BD was significantly linked with restrained eating as predicted for Australian women (albeit rather weakly), it was not significantly linked with restrained eating for Malaysian women. The striking similarity of results across both cultures, suggests that Western body ideals, with their corresponding negative sequelae, have infiltrated the collectivist and developing nation of Malaysia.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 12-2017
DOI: 10.1017/BEC.2018.3
Abstract: This systematic review investigates evidence on the association between body image concerns and weight-related behaviours of adolescents and emerging adults. It includes peer-reviewed journal articles reporting research involving body image concerns and weight-related behaviours of adolescents and emerging adults, published between 2005–2017, and located through systematic searches from four databases. This review includes studies from 11 countries or regions: United States ( n = 13), Asia ( n = 9), Europe ( n = 8), Middle East ( n = 3), South America (Brazil n = 3), Canada ( n = 3), Australia ( n = 1), New Zealand ( n = 1), Trinidad ( n = 1), Turkey ( n = 1) and Seychelles ( n = 1) 24 different countries ( n = 1) three Asian countries and the United States ( n = 1). Out of 46 studies included in this review, 45 studies reported a positive association between body image concerns and weight-related behaviours. Adolescents and emerging adults who misperceived their weight engaged in weight-related behaviours. Higher body dissatisfaction had a significant association in the development of eating disorders and extreme weight-loss behaviours. Body image concerns play a significant role in adolescents and emerging adults engaging in weight-related behaviours. Experimental research designs are required to determine the causality of this association. Evidence strongly suggests policy makers and public health practitioners contemplate strategies to promote positive body image and healthy weight-related behaviours among adolescents and emerging adults.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 31-08-2022
DOI: 10.3390/YOUTH2030027
Abstract: Research that examines lived experience and how emerging adults seek to create wellbeing in their daily lives through nature is limited. This paper addresses this gap by providing unique insights into how emerging adults perceive and experience nature as a beneficial resource for their wellbeing. Data were collected using photo-elicitation interviews, where 18 emerging adults took photographs that represented their views on and experiences of wellbeing, and during the follow-up interviews discussed the meaning of their photographs. Without a priori mention, 14 participants identified contact with various elements of nature as important resources in supporting their wellbeing. It is the results of these 14 interviews that are discussed in this paper with a focus on (i) the elements of nature which these emerging adults identify as important resources for their wellbeing, (ii) experiences and the perceived pathways between these elements of nature and wellbeing. Thematic analysis revealed four distinct perceived pathways connecting nature to wellbeing, including symbiotic nurturing, building social glue, maintaining a positive outlook, and centreing yourself. Four elements of nature facilitated these pathways: domesticated fauna, domesticated flora, wild fauna and wild surrounding nature. The findings help build understanding of how emerging adults perceive elements of nature as resources for wellbeing and can inform the development of nature-oriented interventions.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-05-2018
DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1330873
Abstract: To identify feasible models of intergenerational care programmes, that is, care of children and older people in a shared setting, to determine consumer preferences and willingness to pay. Feasible models were constructed in extensive consultations with a panel of experts using a Delphi technique (n = 23) and were considered based on their practical implementation within an Australian setting. This informed a survey tool that captured the preferences and willingness to pay for these models by potential consumers, when compared to the status quo. Information collected from the surveys (n = 816) was analysed using regression analysis to identify fundamental drivers of preferences and the prices consumers were willing to pay for intergenerational care programmes. The shared c us and visiting models were identified as feasible intergenerational care models. Key attributes of these models included respite day care a common educational pedagogy across generations screening monitoring and evaluation of participant outcomes. Although parents were more likely to take up intergenerational care compared to the status quo, adult carers reported a higher willingness to pay for these services. Educational attainment also influenced the likely uptake of intergenerational care. The results of this study show that there is demand for the shared c us and the visiting c us models among the Australian community. The findings support moves towards consumer-centric models of care, in line with national and international best practice. This consumer-centric approach is encapsulated in the intergenerational care model and enables greater choice of care to match different consumer demands.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-12-0014
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-019-13619-Y
Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.HEALTHPOL.2018.06.006
Abstract: The Triple Aim framework is an increasingly popular tool for designing and assessing quality improvements in the health care sector. We systematically reviewed the empirical evidence on the application of the Triple Aim framework within primary healthcare settings since its inception almost a decade ago. Results show that primary healthcare providers varied in their interpretation of the Triple Aim framework and generally struggled with a lack of guidance and an absence of composite sets of measures for performance assessment. Greater clarity around application of the Triple Aim framework in primary healthcare is needed, especially around the selection and implementation of purposeful measures from locally available data. This review highlights areas for improvement and makes recommendations intended to guide future applications of the Triple Aim in the context of primary healthcare.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 29-10-2010
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980010002740
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the nutrition information needs of the Pacific Islander and African migrant communities of Logan. The present study was structured as a needs assessment and used qualitative research methods. An integrative review was used to gather and analyse data relating to comparative and normative needs, while semi-structured interviews were undertaken for the felt and expressed needs. Logan City, Queensland, Australia. African and Pacific Islander migrants and health and social service providers within the Logan region. The study identified the need for more accessible means of information delivery such as visual and face-to-face methods or hands-on demonstrations. The study found that information should be delivered in a staged approach on topics including food safety, Australian foods, healthy eating and diet–disease relationships, according to a migrant’s length of residence in Australia. The present study contributes to our understanding of the nutrition information needs of African and Pacific Islander migrant communities of Logan. These findings will enable the development of more appropriate nutrition information and health services for these Logan communities and other similar communities across Australia.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 25-08-2020
DOI: 10.3390/NU12092582
Abstract: The functional food market is one of the fastest growing segments of the global food industry. The aims of this study were to understand the association of demographic characteristics and food choice motives (FCMs) with (a) attitudes toward functional foods and (b) consumption of functional foods in Australian emerging adults. Data were collected through a paper-based and online questionnaire completed by 370 young adults aged between 17 and 29 years. A binomial logistic regression was used to determine the association between demographic characteristics and FCMs with attitudes towards functional foods. The logistic regression model was statistically significant at χ2(11) = 48.310 (p 0.001) and explained 18.1% of the variance in attitude towards functional food. Of the several predictors, only the FCMs natural content and weight control were statistically significant. A binomial logistic regression was also used to determine the association between demographic characteristics and FCMs with the consumption of functional foods. The logistic regression model was statistically significant at χ2(9) = 37.499 (p 0.001) and explained 14.1% of the variance in functional food consumption. Of the eight predictors, three were statistically significant: living situation, natural content and health. Findings highlight that when targeting emerging adults, functional food companies could benefit from promoting the natural and health properties of their products. Furthermore, consumption can be increased by targeting the parents of emerging adults and by designing functional foods that attract emerging adults interested in controlling weight.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 26-03-2022
Abstract: Cancer is a leading cause of premature death and disability in Samoa. Recognizing the importance of symptom awareness and early detection, the Samoa Cancer Society (SCS) developed the ‘Vave’ (quickly) c aign as the first multi-media cancer awareness c aign in Samoa. The c aign adopted a three-pronged community engagement approach including mass media printed resources and community outreach at culturally appropriate locations including churches, villages and schools. The c aign promoted three key messages: detect signs and symptoms quickly quickly see a doctor and quickly call SCS. To measure impact, data were collected using several methods around the outreach education sessions (pre- and post-surveys), c aign recall (survey) and Vave-related enquiries received by SCS. The findings revealed the c aign was effective in increasing awareness of cancer and importance of early detection demonstrated through community recall of c aign messages, increased enquiries to SCS and improved knowledge. However, it is of note that almost 30% of c aign recall respondents stated they were unsure or would not see a doctor if concerned about a sign of cancer. The reasons given being a lack of knowledge, lack of trust in hospitals and preference for traditional healing. This suggests more targeted culturally sensitive strategies are needed including partnering with traditional healers. Further, advocacy efforts are needed to address the structural barriers to cancer detection and treatment together with continuing education around causes and symptoms of cancer targeting the hard-to-reach communities in Samoa.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2006
DOI: 10.1007/BF02915426
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-07-2022
DOI: 10.3390/EPIDEMIOLOGIA3030026
Abstract: The challenges of conducting research on intimate partner violence (IPV) in immigrant communities means little is known about the occurrence of various forms of IPV, making it difficult to address in these populations. This research draws on data gathered in Chicago’s large and varied African immigrant communities. This research used a mixed methods approach: collection of quantitative survey data on occurrence, followed by qualitative interviews to explain the results. Missing quantitative data and contradicting qualitative responses made it difficult to draw definite conclusions on physical IPV however, verbal abuse and controlling behaviours appear to be relatively widespread and normalised, and not always viewed as violence. Particularly with the probability of future pandemics and natural disasters, which are known to increase prevalence, it is important to raise awareness of less visible controlling behaviours and verbal abuse as forms of violence, and to implement appropriate prevention programs to minimise a concomitant rise in IPV within African immigrant communities.
Publisher: Universitas Airlangga
Date: 10-11-2022
DOI: 10.20473/JAKI.V10I2.2022.232-240
Abstract: Background: The negative impact of tobacco, especially second-hand smokers, requires imperative actions. Introducing tobacco control measures helps protect the public health. Data suggest that there were approximately 44 million daily smokers in Indonesia comprising 49.8 million males and 3.9 million females over ten years of age. East Java Province had the biggest number of smokers in Indonesia. To reduce trends in smoking behavior, we need to advocate local government to release and implement smoke-free regulations. Aims: The study aims to do action research through advocacy and communication for the regulation of smoke-free areas in East Java Province. Methods: The action research involved 12 districts of East Java Province, Indonesia. The method used in this study was Focus Group Discussion (FGD), one-on-one meeting, in-depth interviews, public speaking, press conference, and press release. Results: Intensive advocacy and communication worked successfully. Eight districts of East Java Province implemented local regulations of smoke-free areas. The advocacy and communication of the regulations made it possible to be implemented. Conclusion: Intensive advocacy and communication improve the awareness of executive and legislative government about the importance of smoke-free area regulations. It will be successful if regular meetings, discussions, press conferences, public speaking, and team work are conducted with many stakeholders.
Publisher: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (WHO/EMRO)
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 24-11-2017
DOI: 10.1111/HSC.12304
Abstract: There has been increasing interest in understanding the influence of the living environment on in idual and population health. While our understanding of the connection is growing, there has been limited published research focusing on socially and economically transitioning countries such as Iran or specific populations such as young women. This study explores the relationship between the physical and social living environment with well-being outcomes and lifestyle behaviours of young women in Shiraz, Iran, in 2013. Using a cluster convenience s ling technique, 391 young Iranian women with the mean age of 27.3 (SD: 4.8) participated in a cross-sectional survey (response rate 93%). A scale adapted from the British General Household Social Capital scale was used to assess living environment characteristics. The International Health and Behaviour survey, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwL) and WHO Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to measure lifestyle behaviours and well-being. The findings showed a moderate level of satisfaction with participants' living environment, with a mean score of 38.5 (SD: 7.7 score range: 11-45). There were correlations between physical and social neighbourhood environment, lifestyle behaviours and well-being outcomes (P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the characteristics of living environments were determinants of quality of life (QoL), including physical, psychological, social and environmental QoL, as well as SwL (P < 0.05). Perceptions of in iduals about their living environment issues were associated with demographic variables including ethnicity, income, level of education and occupation status. The current study shows how characteristics of the physical and social living environments play a significant role in shaping well-being and lifestyle behaviours among young Iranian women. Hence, there is a need for more focused attention to the meaning, measurement and building of neighbourhood livability, including both physical and social aspects of neighbourhood, in order to support QoL and SwL among young Iranian women, and enhance their healthy lifestyle behaviours.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-03-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-10-2016
DOI: 10.1111/JOSH.12440
Abstract: Food literacy can encourage adolescents to develop healthy dietary patterns. This study examined home economics teachers' (HET) perspectives of the importance, curriculum, self-efficacy, and food environments regarding food literacy in secondary schools in Australia. A 20-item cross-sectional survey was completed by 205 HETs. The survey focused on the importance of aspects of food literacy, HETs' self-efficacy, and attitudes toward food literacy and schools' food environments. Data were analyzed descriptively, and associations between participants' demographic characteristics and perceptions were investigated by chi-square analyses. HETs rated aspects of food literacy including preparing and cooking food, knowing about healthy foods and food safety and hygiene practices as very important. They indicated animal welfare, where food comes from, and plan and manage time for food shopping to be the least important aspects of food literacy. HETs reported that students' involvement in food literacy activities resulted in healthier diets and improved food practices, but the schools' food environments are not comprehensively supportive of food literacy. HETs report that food literacy is very important for adolescents to learn. The focus is more on microaspects in comparison to macroaspects of food literacy. Schools' food environments are ideally positioned to shape dietary intake of adolescents but their potential is not being realized.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-06-2023
DOI: 10.1002/OSP4.676
Abstract: Fast food consumption is associated with excessive intake of energy‐dense foods a major determinant of childhood obesity. The lack of data on the marketing strategies used to promote fast food to adolescents in low and middle‐income countries (LMICs) acts as a barrier to global efforts to reduce the marketing of unhealthy foods to young people around the world. This systematic review aimed to identify the adolescent‐directed marketing strategies of transnational fast food corporations in LMICs. A systematic search of eight scientific databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Embase, ProQuest, PsycInfo, Scopus and Google Scholar) was conducted. Following PRISMA guidelines, primary research articles written in English were included if they were published between 1 January 2010 and 30 December 2022, and reported any adolescent‐directed marketing activity undertaken by a transnational fast food company operating in a LMIC. Articles were excluded if they were not peer reviewed. The quality of the included articles was assessed using a condensed version of the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research tool. Twelve articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. A narrative synthesis of these articles revealed that the most documented strategies used to promote fast food to adolescents in LMICs were the use of incentives or premium offers, product appeals, promotional characters and brand familiarity. These strategies were mostly observed on social media, suggesting that there are serious concerns about adolescent exposure to fast food via social media in developing settings, especially as contextual differences in the nature of such marketing were identified. The promotion of fast food to adolescents in LMICs is contextual in nature, with the nature of marketing strategies employed by transnational fast food corporations varying greatly across cultural and socio‐economic contexts. These findings are crucial for the development of guidelines and regulations restricting the marketing of fast food to adolescents in lower income settings, contributing to global efforts to reduce adolescent exposure to unhealthy food promotion.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 24-10-2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-2000
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1002/BSE.497
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 19-10-2010
DOI: 10.1108/09654281011087242
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that characterise effective school‐community partnerships that support the sustainability of school health initiatives applied within a health‐promoting schools approach. The study used an explanatory case study approach of five secondary schools participating in a health‐promoting school programme, “The Logan Healthy Schools Project” in Logan, South‐East Queensland, Australia to investigate how school‐community partnerships support the sustainability of school health initiatives. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 16 deputy principals, school staff members, and community‐based partners, along with observations and a documentary analysis of Logan Healthy School Project activities. A thematic analysis was conducted on the data. The factors that characterise effective school‐community partnerships that support the sustainability of school health initiatives include: a focus on building relationships between school and community partners, complementary capacities of school personnel and service providers, commonality of intent and shared goals between both parties, and competence of practice, primarily of the community service provider. These four factors were consistent at the school operational level and strategic programme co‐ordination level of the Logan Healthy Schools Project, yet varied in importance across the initiation, growth, and maturity of the school‐community partnerships. The study adds to the limited body of knowledge that surrounds effective school‐community partnerships and how the features of these partnerships contribute to the sustainability of school health initiatives. The study highlights the importance of initiating, growing, and maintaining school‐community partnerships and provides insight into the factors that should be considered when planning and developing school health promotion initiatives.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1037/REL0000287
Publisher: Rural and Remote Health
Date: 22-03-2023
DOI: 10.22605/RRH7175
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-019-12631-6
Abstract: We evaluate methods to calculate the economic value of protected areas derived from the improved mental health of visitors. A conservative global estimate using quality-adjusted life years, a standard measure in health economics, is US$6 trillion p.a. This is an order of magnitude greater than the global value of protected area tourism, and two to three orders greater than global aggregate protected area management agency budgets. Future research should: refine this estimate using more precise methods consider interactions between health and conservation policies and budgets at national scales and examine links between personalities and protected area experiences at in idual scale.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Kowsar Medical Institute
Date: 11-06-2016
DOI: 10.17795/WHB-33184
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-12-2020
Abstract: Emerging adulthood is a transitional life stage with increased probability of risky and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours that are known to have strong links with premature mortality and morbidity. Wellbeing, as a positive subjective experience, is identified as a factor that encourages self-care and may steer in iduals away from risky lifestyle behaviours. Investigating wellbeing–behaviour links in the emerging adult population may increase understanding of the factors that lead to, and ways to prevent, engagement in risky behaviours. This study examines the association between flourishing, that is, the experience of both high hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing, and a broad range of risky and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours among emerging adults in Australia. A cross-sectional survey of 1155 emerging adults aged 18–25 years measured wellbeing, socio-demographics, and six groups of lifestyle behaviours surrounding substance use, physical activity, diet, sex, sun protection, and driving. Bivariate and multivariate statistics were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that flourishing was negatively associated with more dangerous types of risk behaviours, such as driving under the influence of drugs, and positively associated with self-care behaviours, such as healthier dietary behaviour and sun protection. If enabling emerging adults to flourish can contribute to reduced engagement in risky/unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, then promoting it is an important goal for health promotion efforts not only because flourishing is desirable in its own right, but also to bring about sustainable change in behaviour. Further research is needed to inform the designs of such interventions.
Publisher: Rural and Remote Health
Date: 06-03-2021
DOI: 10.22605/RRH6118
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 29-08-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-1584.2008.00989.X
Abstract: To examine the Royal Flying Doctor Service (RFDS) field day program as a means of strengthening community capacity within a primary health care context in remote communities of north Queensland. Qualitative explanatory study using in-depth face-to-face and phone interviews with field day participants, field day coordinators and RFDS staff and a focus group with RFDS staff. Rural and remote communities of north Queensland that participate in RFDS field days. Field days were found to be contributing to building capacity for health in the remote communities that have been involved in field days. Participants reported increased linkages and partnerships increased participation improved problem-solving capacity and increased knowledge transfer associated with the conduct of RFDS field days. RFDS field days represent a viable framework for building community capacity for health in remote communities within a primary health care context.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-04-2020
DOI: 10.1111/MCN.13006
Abstract: Childhood malnutrition, associated with poor diet, is a clear public health threat in Sri Lanka, with high rates of under‐nutrition and micronutrient deficiencies coupled with the growing risk of overweight/obesity in urban locations. This study explored the dietary ersity and food intake of urban living Sri Lankan preschool children. A cross‐sectional analysis of the baseline data from a cohort study was conducted with parents/caregivers of children aged 2–6 years, from 21 preschool centres in Kurunegala District, Sri Lanka. Demographic and socio‐economic factors, dietary ersity score (DDS) ( n = 597) and food intake ( n = 458) (using a food frequency questionnaire) were assessed. Children had a mean DDS of 4.56 ± 0·85 out of 9, with most (91.1%) in the medium DDS category (DDS of 3.1–6.0), consuming rice as most common food. Lentils were consumed more than any meat or alternative food groups at all DDS levels. Child DDS differs with parent/caregiver age and ethnicity. Mean daily intakes of fruit (1.02) and vegetables (0.84) servings align with approximately half of national recommendations, with less than 20% of children meeting daily recommendations. More than one‐third consumed sugary snacks and confectionaries daily and 1 in 10 had them twice a day. Around 40% reported watching television while eating the evening meal. Despite the majority having reasonable DDSs (medium category), findings highlighted inadequate intakes of fruits and vegetables, excessive intakes of sugary snacks and unhealthy dietary and social behaviours, suggests the need for population‐based interventions to promote healthier dietary habits.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-09-2015
Abstract: Increasingly, university and employer discourse identify a need for graduates to have an intellectual and global “mind-set” beyond disciplinary competencies and national boundaries. Universities aiming to educate global citizens show limited outcomes. Global citizen research has investigated the mobility experience, yet limited attention has been paid to the theoretical process of student change to inform how domestic students could engage in comparable learning experiences. The purpose of this study was to expand knowledge on the process of global citizen learning and the student mind-set. Two phases of research gathered in-depth information from international higher education key informants and mobility students. The research resulted in a conceptual model for global citizen learning and an “identikit” of recognizable markers for a global citizen disposition. The model identifies facilitators and manifestations of “student change” and identifies reflexivity, relationality, criticality, and the social imaginary as capacities of global mind-set. These findings suggest that educating all students as global citizens could be more closely aligned to the internationalization of education and employability agendas.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-01-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-09-2021
Publisher: Griffith University
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.25904/1912/1797
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-07-2020
Abstract: Middle Eastern (ME) migrants are vulnerable to developing mental health problems due to pre-migration and post-migration traumas and stresses. The evidence on the subjective well-being of ME migrants and its contributing factors is limited and inconclusive. The aim of this study is to examine the moderating role of perceived social support in the association between perceived discrimination and subjective well-being, after controlling for socio-demographic factors. This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in Queensland, Australia. A total of 382 first-generation young adult ME migrants, aged between 20 to 39 years, completed a self-administered questionnaire. To analyse data, a series of three hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) analyses were conducted, one for each of the subjective well-being components (i.e., positive affect, negative affect, and satisfaction with life). The interaction between perceived social support and perceived discrimination for the prediction of subjective well-being components was further explored using simple slope analysis. Gender was found to be a significant predictor of positive and negative affect. Education was found to predict satisfaction with life, but not positive and negative affect. Married migrants were found to have significantly higher life satisfaction, positive affect and lower negative affect. Perceived social support had a moderating role in the association between perceived discrimination and subjective well-being. Considering the buffering role of perceived social support against the adverse effects of perceived discrimination on subjective well-being, organizations and in iduals working with ME migrants should acknowledge the significance of social support and improve their capacity to deliver effective and appropriate social support services to migrants experiencing discrimination.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-04-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S13756-023-01237-9
Abstract: Papua New Guinea (PNG) is one of the 14 countries categorised as having a triple burden of tuberculosis (TB), multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB), and TB-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infections. TB infection prevention and control (TB-IPC) guidelines were introduced in 2011 by the National Health Department of PNG. This study assesses the implementation of this policy in a s le of district hospitals in two regions of PNG. The implementation of TB-IPC policy was assessed using a survey method based on the World Health Organization (WHO) IPC assessment framework (IPCAF) to implement the WHO’s IPC core components. The study included facility assessment at ten district hospitals and validation observations of TB-IPC practices. Overall, implementation of IPC and TB-IPC guidelines was inadequate in participating facilities. Though 80% of facilities had an IPC program, many needed more clearly defined IPC objectives, budget allocation, and yearly work plans. In addition, they did not include senior facility managers in the IPC committee. 80% (n = 8 of 10) of hospitals had no IPC training and education 90% had no IPC committee to support the IPC team 70% had no surveillance protocols to monitor infections, and only 20% used multimodal strategies for IPC activities. Similarly, 70% of facilities had a TB-IPC program without a proper budget and did not include facility managers in the TB-IPC team 80% indicated that patient flow poses a risk of TB transmission 70% had poor ventilation systems 90% had inadequate isolation rooms and though 80% have personal protective equipment available, frequent shortages were reported. The WHO-recommended TB-IPC policy is not effectively implemented in most of the participating district hospitals. Improvements in implementing and disseminating TB-IPC guidelines, monitoring TB-IPC practices, and systematic healthcare worker training are essential to improve TB-IPC guidelines’ operationalisation in health settings to reduce TB prevalence in PNG.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-03-2013
DOI: 10.1071/HE12908
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 29-08-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-07-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-023-38683-9
Abstract: Models predicting in idual body weights over time clarify patient expectations in weight loss programs. The accuracy of two commonly used weight prediction models in community living people is unclear. All eligible people entering a weight management program between 1992 and 2015 were included. Patients’ diet was 1200 kcal/day for week 0 followed by 900 kcal/day for weeks 1–7 and were excluded from the analysis if they were nonadherent. We generated expected weights using the National Institutes of Health Body Weight Planner (NIH-BWP) and the Pennington Biomedical Research Center Weight Loss Predictor (PBRC-WLP). 3703 adherent people were included (mean age 46 years, 72.6% women, mean [SD] weight 262.3 pounds [54.2], mean [SD] BMI 42.4 [7.6]). Mean (SD) relative body weight differences (100*[observed−expected]/expected) for NIH-BWP and PBRC-WLP models was − 1.5% (3.8) and − 2.9% (3.2), respectively. At week 7, mean squared error with NIH-BWP (98.8, 83%CI 89.7–108.8) was significantly lower than that with PBRC-WLP (117.7, 83%CI 112.4–123.4). Notable variation in relative weight difference were seen (for NIH-BWP, 5th–95th percentile was − 6.2%, + 3.7% Δ 9.9%). During the first 7 weeks of a weight loss program, both weight prediction models returned expected weights that were very close to observed values with the NIH-BWP being more accurate. However, notable variability between expected and observed weights in in idual patients were seen. Clinicians can monitor patients in weight loss programs by comparing their progress with these data.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-02-2018
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1071/HE09214
Abstract: Unemployment is detrimental to health. The Unemployment and Health Project in South Western Sydney sought to work with labour market programs to improve the health, particularly, mental health, of unemployed people. This paper describes the experiences of the Project. Phase one commenced in 1995 and involved consultation with the majority of Skillshares (labour market programs under the Labor government) in south-western Sydney to identify potential areas of action. Phase two commenced in 1998 and involved the development of a brief cognitive behaviour therapy intervention that was delivered in Job Network Settings (the next generation of labour market programs under the Liberal government). The cognitive behaviour therapy intervention has been successful in improving mental health in five small scale trials but the intervention has proved difficult to scale up and evaluate comprehensively. Generating more general interest in improving the health of unemployed people through the Job Network has also been difficult. This is related to different understanding and valuing of evidence, a highly volatile context, lack of shared core business by the health and employment sectors, and the changing nature of work in Australia. There are theoretical and practical reasons why it is difficult for labour market programs to be a setting for improving the health of unemployed people. However, the reach of labour market programs into the high risk groups warrants more attention by mental health promotion programs.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-05-2014
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12178
Abstract: Fibrin sealant (FS) is a biologically derived tissue adhesive for securing flaps. The aim of the present randomized controlled clinical trial was to compare early wound healing by assessing interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) after using FS and suture for periodontal flap closure. Thirty selected quadrants in 15 periodontitis patients were randomly assigned to either a test (fibrining) or control group (suturing) for flap closure. IL-1β and IL-8 were assessed in GCF using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and eight days after surgery. Patients were recalled at 7, 14, 21 days and 3 months after surgery for clinical assessment. There was a statistically significant decrease in IL-1β (84.82 ± 77.18, 29.2 ± 21.97 pg/μl) and IL-8 (57.94 ± 55.47, 21.82 ± 21.93 pg/μl) levels in the test side after fibrining while there was an increase in the control side (IL-1β 31.40 ± 16.82, 128.8 ± 45.14 IL-8 31.40 ± 16.82, 128.83 ± 45.14 pg/μl) (p < 0.05). The change in concentration of IL-1β and IL-8 following intervention correlated significantly in both the sites. Clinical parameters differed significantly only on the seventh day with less plaque and bleeding on the test sites. Fibrin sealant enhances early wound healing by reducing inflammation after periodontal flap surgery.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 28-07-2016
Abstract: Early childhood is considered a window of opportunity for lifestyle interventions, as this is a critical life-stage at which children accumulate knowledge and skills around behaviours such as eating and physical activity. This study examined how exposure to a settings-based healthy lifestyle programme influences knowledge and preference of food and physical play in preschool children. Quasi-experimental, pre–post intervention design. Pre- and post-impact evaluation of a healthy lifestyle intervention using an innovative computerised photo-pair food and exercise questionnaire and an age-appropriate test of executive function. The study included 82 children aged 3–5 years and was structured with an intervention and a control group. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS v22. For the intervention group, there was a significant improvement in overall knowledge of healthy lifestyle behaviours post-intervention, particularly in the identification of healthy and unhealthy food choices. There was no associated change in behavioural preferences. The study highlighted that age-appropriate lifestyle interventions with preschool-aged children can lead to improved knowledge of healthy lifestyle choices. However, improvement in knowledge of healthy lifestyle behaviours does not necessarily lead to positive changes in food and activity preferences that inform choices.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-01-2021
Abstract: It is increasingly recognised that strategies to treat or prevent mental illness alone do not guarantee a mentally healthy population. Emerging adults have been identified as a particularly vulnerable population when it comes to mental health concerns. While mental illnesses are carefully monitored and researched, less is known about mental wellbeing or flourishing, that is, experience of both high hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of flourishing and its predictors among emerging adults in Australia. 1155 emerging adults aged 18–25 years completed a survey containing measures of wellbeing, social networks, social connectedness, health status, and socio-demographic variables. Most participants (60.4%) experienced moderate levels of wellbeing, 38.6% were flourishing and 1% were languishing (low wellbeing). Flourishers were more likely to be older, identify as Indigenous, be in a romantic relationship, study at university, perceive their family background as wealthy, rate their general health status as excellent, and have higher perceived social resources. The findings show that the majority of emerging adults are not experiencing flourishing and offer an insight into potential target groups and settings, such as vocational education colleges, for emerging adult mental health promotion. Interventions that help strengthen social resources have the potential to improve the mental wellbeing of emerging adults.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-2017
Abstract: Universities’ aims for educating global citizens are rarely supported by a theoretical underpinning or evidence of outcomes. This study explored how international higher education experts conceptualize the global citizen or related terms representing the “ideal global graduate.” A global notion of citizenship was accepted by the majority (24/26) of participants. Four participants used other terms to describe the “ideal global graduate,” yet the knowledge, skills, and attitudes described by all participants were highly consistent and provide a close “fit” with the epistemology and ontology of moral and transformative cosmopolitanism. This evidence could suggest that terms describing the “ideal global graduate” are of less consequence than the underpinning values and mind-set they represent. This article suggests that the inevitable ambiguity surrounding the global citizen term could be tolerated. As such, future discourse and research could be directed toward organizational and pedagogical strategies that foster ethical and transformative thinking citizens and work-ready professionals.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-2013
Publisher: American Society of Hematology
Date: 16-11-2006
DOI: 10.1182/BLOOD.V108.11.5403.5403
Abstract: Homozygous α0-thalassemia (deletion of all 4 α-globin genes) results in Hb Bart’s (γ4 tetramers). The high oxygen affinity of Hgb Bart’s leads to severe hypoxia inutero with resulting profound edema (hydrops) and congestive heart failure. Almost universally fetal death occurs prior to diagnosis, therefore not allowing the opportunity for treatment. Advancement of maternal-fetal medicine and neonatal ultrasound has led to the possibility of in utero diagnosis and treatment with inrauterine transfusions. Also, cases of premature infants surviving and undergoing chronic transfusion therapy have been reported. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) has become increasingly used in the cure of beta thalassemia, and provides the potential to cure a0thalassemia as well. To date, 3 reported cases of a0thalassemia have been successfully treated with HSCT. Two children underwent matched sibling bone marrow transplant at 20 and 21 months of age and one underwent a 5/6 HLA matched sibling umbilical cord blood transplant (UCBT). One child had received intrauterine transfusions. We report a case of an infant with a0thalassemia successfully treated with intrauterine transfusion therapy followed by unrelated donor UCBT. The child’s mother, of Cambodian descent, presented to the obstetrician at 23 weeks with concerns of decreased fetal movement. Fetal ultrasound revealed a thickened placenta and hydrops fetalis. Based on the family’s nationality and history of previous fetal loss, the suspicion of a0thalassemia was raised. Umbilical cord blood s ling revealed a hypochromic, microcytic anemia with target cells. The hemoglobin electrophoresis demonstrated Hgb Barts and Portland. Subsequent genotyping confirmed deletion of all 4 α-globin genes. Options presented to the family included termination of pregnancy as well as the option of intrauterine transfusion followed by either chronic transfusion therapy with iron chelation or the possibility of HSCT. The patient received three intrauterine transfusions prior to delivery at 32 weeks gestation. A poor physical profile, non-reassuring heart rate and breech position led to the premature delivery. Apgars were 1 at one minute, 6 at five minutes, and 9 at ten minutes. The baby was admitted to the NICU and required mechanical ventilation for two days. The hospital course was relatively uneventful and included red blood cell transfusion. After discharge, he was maintained with intermittent transfusions until 6 months of age. Following informed consent, he was conditioned for transplant with busulfan, cytoan and rabbit ATG. Since the infant lacked an HLA matched sibling, he received a 5/6 HLA matched unrelated donor umbilical cord blood unit delivering 11.8 × 107 nucleated cells/kg. Neutrophil engraftment (ANC ) was achieved on day + 15. FK506 and methotrexate 5mg/m2 on days 1, 3 and 6 was utilized for GVHD prophylaxis. His course was complicated by moderate venoocclusive disease, small subdural hemorrhage, and CMV and adenovirus viremia. He has not had any evidence of graft versus host disease. Initial chimerism (RFLP) showed approximately 63% donor derived cells, and subsequent testing showed increasing chimerism and 100% T-cell engraftment. He clinically is doing very well post transplant. This case demonstrates that intrauterine transfusion followed by unrelated donor UCBT is feasible for the treatment of a0thalassemia.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-04-2022
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.604
Abstract: To review current evidence for parental food communication practices and their association with child eating behaviours. The PRISMA framework guided the reporting of the review registered with Prospero in July 2020. Eligible studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Only quantitative studies that included a parental measure of food communication and a child measure of eating behaviour were included. From 11 063 articles 23 were eligible for synthesis. The vast majority (82%) of studies used observational cross‐sectional designs. Three involved observing parent–child dyads, with the remainder using questionnaires. Two quasi‐experimental designs tested interventions and two randomised control trial were reported. The majority of measures assessing parental food communication were subscales of larger questionnaires. The Caregiver's Feeding Style Questionnaire (CFSQ) was the most direct and relevant measure of parental food communication. Findings of reviewed studies highlighted that “how” parents communicate about food appears to impact child eating behaviours. Using child‐centred communication provided promising outcomes for positive child eating behaviours, while parental “diet” communication was found to be associated with poorer dietary outcomes in children. Food communication research is in its infancy. However, evidence for the importance of parents' child‐focused food communication is emerging, providing a focus for future research and interventions. Given the gaps in our understanding about prevention of disordered eating, there is a significant opportunity to explore what food communication strategies may assist parents to communicate about food in a positive way.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2019
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.209
Abstract: A child's preference for active or sedentary play is a key proximal indicator of a child's physical activity behaviour. There is a need to understand children's physical activity preferences in order to make physical play more enjoyable to them, and this may encourage participation and a more positive relationship with physical activity. To date, little research has incorporated the perspectives of young children on this topic. This study specifically examines (a) what activities preschool children prefer and (b) what children consider to be barriers and facilitators to participating in their preferred activity. The authors employed visual methodologies to explore the activity preferences of 29 preschool children. Children were asked to draw their preferred activities and answer a series of open and closed questions about their drawing and what they think are the barriers and facilitators to participating in this activity. Participants expressed a desire to play unstructured activities with friends or family, to engage in imaginative, challenging play, as well as the opportunity to have control over the activity they engage in. Children reported that rules at home and at preschool, the availability of toys, friends and family and having access to a natural environment served as both barriers and facilitators to participating in their favourite activity. Listening to children's voices about their play preferences and the barriers and facilitators to engaging in these activities provides important insight into children's play behaviour and the promotion of active play in early childhood. Participants' desire for more natural features within their play environment and for challenging, unstructured and imaginative play may be considered as facilitators of their engagement in physical activity. SO WHAT?: The current findings suggest the incorporation of unstructured playtime within natural environments could support young children's participation in and increased enjoyment of physical activity.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-03-2019
Abstract: Background: Early childhood has been identified as a crucial period in which children develop physical activity preferences and behaviors. Both the knowledge of and preferences for physical activity are key proximal indicators of activity choices in children. Thus, accurate data collection tools are required to measure these variables. This review evaluates the data collection techniques that have been utilised to assess preschool children’s knowledge of and preference for physical activity, and examines the validity and reliability of existing techniques. Methods: A systematic search for relevant studies published from 1980 through to December 2017 was conducted via ProQuest, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, ERIC, PubMed, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect. Results: Fourteen studies were eligible for inclusion in the review. The identified studies employed a limited but disparate range of techniques to assess children’s physical activity knowledge and preferences. Findings reveal that four techniques were consistently used across the reviewed studies, including: interviews, structured play-based activities, questionnaires, and observations. Only four out of 14 included studies reported the assessment of the validity of the data collection tool used, and six reported testing the measures for at least one type of reliability. Conclusion: There is a need for validated and reliable measures to assess children’s knowledge of and preference for physical activity. Greater consideration is required to align data collection techniques with the characteristics, needs and abilities of this study population.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 05-09-2014
Publisher: EpiSmart Science Vector Ltd
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 12-10-2023
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-2015
Abstract: Trust is increasingly identified as a psychosocial determinant of well-being. However the relationship between trust and well-being outcomes has not been comprehensively examined, particularly in socially and economically transitioning countries such as Iran and among young women. This cross-sectional study examined the association between trust and the quality of life of young Iranian women. A total of 391 young Iranian women aged between 18 and 35 years ( M: 27.3, standard deviation ( SD): 4.8) were recruited through cluster convenience s ling to participate in this cross-sectional study. The measures used included the ‘Trust scale’ adapted from the British General Household Survey (GHS) Social Capital scale, and the Persian version of the WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire - brief version). The participants ( n = 391, mean age of 27 years) reported a relatively low level of trust. For the participants, trust was positively associated with better quality of life ( r = .24, p value: .01). The findings also showed that there is a significant difference between socio-demographic factors such as the level of religiosity, occupation and income with the domains of trust. Policies are needed to improve participation and reciprocity at the level of in iduals and informal social groups, including local to broader communities in order to increase the sense of community belonging, improving trust and consequently quality of life.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-06-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S40814-023-01328-9
Abstract: Few prevention interventions exist focusing on supporting parents to use positive food communication at mealtimes, for the prevention of disordered eating. “Mealtime chatter matters (MCM)” is a brief intervention designed for parents of infants. The intervention was designed in collaboration with child health nurses (CHNs) to be embedded into usual care. The overall aim of this study was to test the feasibility of the intervention through examining the acceptability of the MCM content and resources and the potential impact of the intervention on parents. This pilot study utilised a mixed methods approach and took place within a regional child health service in Queensland, Australia (October 2021 to June 2022). Participants were parents of infants attending child health education groups and CHNs. The intervention consisted of a brief education session (including accompanying resources), facilitated by a Paediatric Dietitian. The acceptability of MCM content and resources was assessed by both parents and CHNs via self-reported questionnaires and the potential impact on parents assessed via pre- ost-self-reported questionnaires. Forty-six parents of infants (aged 8 months) and six CHNs who hosted the intervention and observed the program’s delivery participated in the study. MCM content and resources were highly acceptable to parents and CHNs, as both qualitative and quantitative data concurred. How the program may have potentially impacted parenting practices was unclear from the survey results and further investigation is required to better understand these. Tangible lessons and opportunities to further test this intervention were clear from current results. Overall, MCM was acceptable to both parents and CHNs, with the content and resources both being highly valued. Parents reported the content to be informative and engaging and CHNs were keen to have such an intervention available in the future. However, further modification and testing is required of MCM. This feasibility study is an essential first step in supporting parents and CHNs to access an evidence-based intervention with the aim of preventing disordered eating. Griffith University Human Research Ethics Committee (2021/577) and Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (QGC/76618).
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-02-2019
DOI: 10.1111/TRF.15198
Abstract: Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) with hyperhemolysis is a potentially fatal complication resulting from alloimmunization that can cause severe hemolysis of both transfused and intrinsic red blood cells (RBCs). Patients with sickle cell disease often receive multiple RBC units during their lifetime and thus are likely to develop alloantibodies that increase the risk for DHTR. Treatment to decrease hemolysis includes intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), steroids, eculizumab, rituximab, and plasmapheresis in addition to erythropoietin (EPO), intravenous (IV) iron, vitamin B12, and folate to support erythropoiesis. RBC transfusion is preferably avoided in DHTR due to an increased risk of exacerbating the hemolysis. We report a rare case of anti-N and anti-Do Anti-N and anti-Do
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 24-05-2022
DOI: 10.1111/JOCS.16637
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.YPMED.2019.105827
Abstract: Low and middle-income countries are experiencing the dual burden of malnutrition which is, at least in part, attributable to changes in eating behaviours of children under age five. Development of food choices is influenced by multiple factors and understanding the interplay of these factors in early childhood in these countries is necessary to promote healthy food choices. We conducted a systematic review to examine the evidence of family and community factors targeted in interventions to influence the eating behaviour of preschool-aged children in low and middle-income countries. A search for peer-reviewed papers was conducted using CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus and ProQuest Health Management published prior to September 2018, in English language including preschool-aged children (PROSPERO registration CRD42018108474). Fourteen studies published between 1994 and 2017 were eligible for inclusion. Factors that were consistently and positively associated with children's healthy food consumption were household food availability, nutritional knowledge of family or caregivers and family income. Unhealthy food consumption in children was inversely associated with family or caregivers' nutritional knowledge. Children's micronutrient intake was positively associated with household food availability, nutritional knowledge of family or caregivers and food availability within the surrounding environment. Findings highlight the importance of targeting nutritional knowledge of family or caregivers to facilitate healthy eating behaviours in children. In addition, creating a supportive family environment via increasing household food availability and family income should be considered when designing interventions to promote healthy eating behaviours in preschool-aged children living in low and middle-income countries.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1177/20551029211018378
Abstract: Investigating moderating effects of culture between body dissatisfaction (BD) and quality of life (QoL) is paramount, as BD affects psychosocial functioning. Participants include 866 females (18–25) years old from Australia ( n = 464) M (20.88) SD (3.38) and Malaysia ( n = 402) M (20.63) SD (2.05). Higher levels of BD predicted lower levels of QoL across all four domains. BD had the strongest effect on psychological QoL for both cultures. Culture moderated the relationship between BD and: (i) physical QoL and (ii) environmental QoL. The adverse impact of BD on all domains of QoL, highlights the importance of BD as a public health problem.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-05-2008
DOI: 10.1007/S10393-008-0176-Y
Abstract: As the proportion of older people increases within populations, financial demands related to the cost of health service delivery threaten global stability. This population trend challenges the traditional approach to health service delivery to older populations. This article presents the Australian context as a case study to argue that the application of a health promoting settings approach to aged care may lead to improved well-being for older people to the extent that the periods of chronic morbidity often associated with aging can be compressed into an ever shorter period of time. Promoting an ecological perspective to aged care suggests that there is no need to manage older people in isolation, as is common practice, but as integral to the way society lives, works, and plays. The article maps parallels between characteristics of health promoting settings such as Health Promoting Schools and the aged living and care industry, arguing that the setting encompassing services for the elderly is a prime location for the establishment of a new health promotion setting. Supporting life opportunities for our aged is central to such an approach. More broadly, an ecological approach orients us toward the connection between environment and health, and encourages increased attention and action within the aged living and care sector on reducing environmental impacts of this growing population. As such, the application of this approach to the aged living and care sector has the potential to reduce the threat that a dependant older population has on global sustainability.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 20-05-2015
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980014000962
Abstract: The aim of the present systematic review was to investigate the evidence on the association between food literacy and adolescents’ dietary intake. The review included searches of six databases with no restriction on the year of publication or language. The studies eligible for review were from five countries/regions: USA ( n 6), Europe ( n 4), Australia ( n 1), Middle East ( n 1) and South Africa ( n 1). Adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. Thirteen studies were eligible for inclusion. None of the studies investigated all aspects of food literacy. Eight studies reported a positive association between food literacy and adolescents’ dietary intake. For ex le, adolescents with greater food knowledge and frequent food preparation behaviours were shown to have healthier dietary practices. Three studies found a mixed association of food literacy and adolescents’ dietary intake. For ex le, adolescents who frequently helped to prepare dinner had healthier dietary intake, but food shopping tasks were associated with less healthy food choices. Two studies found no association between measures of food literacy and adolescents’ dietary intake. Food literacy may play a role in shaping adolescents’ dietary intake. More rigorous research methods are required to effectively assess the causality between food literacy and adolescents’ dietary intake in order to confirm the extent of the relationship. Evidence recommends public health practitioners and policy makers consider new public health strategies that focus on increasing understanding of food literacy in adolescence.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-10-2020
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.384
Abstract: This study explored adolescents’ views on high school food environments and potential strategies to help them to make informed food choices. Fifteen focus groups were conducted with 131 adolescents aged 12‐17 years from three high schools in South East Queensland, Australia. Adolescents were asked how their school food environment (dis)encouraged them to eat healthy and what schools could do to help them eat healthier. All focus groups were audio recorded. Data were analysed using content and thematic data analysis methods. Four major themes emerged: food availability and affordability food related policy and regulations nutrition education and attitudes, preferences and practices. Adolescents stated that nutrition education within the school curriculum and positive role modelling by peers and school staff in healthy eating were the major factors in helping them to make informed food choices. In contrast, high availability, affordability, fundraising, peer pressure, positive attitudes and negative role modelling towards unhealthy foods impacted unhealthy dietary behaviours. Emerging results indicate that adolescents do not perceive the current high school food environments as helping them to make healthy food choices. Adolescents suggested limiting unhealthy foods in high schools by implementing strict food and beverage policies, compulsory nutrition education classes and changing attitudes towards healthy foods as strategies to improve high school food environments. This study highlights the importance of high school food environments in impacting adolescents’ food choices. Strategies identified by adolescents inform public health practitioners and school authorities on how high school food environments could be tailored to help them in making better food choices.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 19-07-2013
Abstract: Background: Australia and Sweden have similar immunisation rates. However, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic the uptake of immunisation was 60% in Sweden and 18% in Australia. During pandemics, perceptions of risk are largely formed by media communication which may influence the public’s response. Aim: The study aimed to compare the differences in how the media framed the 2009 H1N1 pandemic message and the associated public perceptions of risk as expressed through the uptake of vaccinations in Australia and Sweden. Methods: A qualitative content analysis was conducted on 81 articles from the Australian and Swedish print media: 45 and 36, respectively. Results: The risk of H1N1 was communicated similarly in Australia and Sweden. However, major differences were found in how the Australian and Swedish media framed the pandemic in terms of responsibility, self-efficacy, and uncertainty. In Australia, responsibility was predominantly reported negatively, blaming various organisations for a lack of information, compared to Sweden where responsibility was placed on the community to help protect public health. Furthermore, there was limited self-efficacy measures reported in the Australian media compared to Sweden and Sweden’s media was more transparent about the uncertainties of the pandemic. Conclusions: This study affirms the association between the framing of health messages in the media and the public’s perception of risk and related behaviour. Governments need to actively incorporate the media into pandemic communication planning.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-11-2016
Abstract: This study examined whether young Iranian women’s perceived control and self-efficacy, as a component of cognitive social capital, predicts health and well-being. A total of 391 women aged between 18 and 35 years completed a survey including scales measuring control and self-efficacy and health outcomes including quality of life, satisfaction with life and lifestyle behaviours. Statistical analyses indicated that participants had low perceived control and influence over community affairs together with high perceived control over their personal lives. Multiple regression analyses indicated the predictive role of control and self-efficacy for well-being outcomes suggesting the potential role for health interventions targeting control and self-efficacy.
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 04-11-2013
Abstract: – The purpose of this paper is to explore work-life conflict and work-life facilitation among employed Muslim men, a growing ethno-religious minority in Australia. – The study is guided by the interpretive paradigm and is qualitative in nature. The primary data collection method was semi-structured in-depth interviews and 20 participants participated in the study. – Australian Muslim men experience both work-life conflict and facilitation simultaneously however, facilitation is reported more frequently. Work flexibility, work and family support, and religiosity promote work-life facilitation. In contrast, workload and work hours lead to feelings of conflict, with workload being the stronger antecedent. Importantly, religious values and beliefs are an underpinning influence on participants’ experiences. – The study is conducted with a small s le and hence, lacks the power to generalise findings to the broader Muslim male population. – There is a strong need to modify the traditional western models of work-life conflict and facilitation and workplace policies designed to assist workers when dealing with minorities, such as Australian Muslims. By including religion, the research offers a fresh voice to work-life research and encourages to think about the salience of other life domains beside family, an issue of great concern within the work-life literature. – This is one of the few studies to focus on Australian Muslim men and explore how religion fits into the current understanding of work-life balance.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 02-04-2020
DOI: 10.1093/JALM/JFAA014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-06-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.PUHE.2018.07.020
Abstract: While the universal prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours is high, cultural capital as a non-material resource shaping in iduals' tastes can provide a substantial insight into different lifestyle behaviour choices. The aim of the present systematic review was to examine the evidence on the association between the three forms of cultural capital and lifestyle health behaviours. This is a systematic literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Quality appraisal was carried out using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies (QAT-OCCSS). The review included searches of 13 electronic databases with no restriction on the year of publication. Data were extracted using inclusion criteria and analysed using a narrative format. Eighteen studies were eligible for inclusion. The relationship between cultural capital and lifestyle behaviours was confirmed in the studies measuring institutionalised cultural capital, and mostly supported in the studies that measured objectified and embodied cultural capital. While cultural capital had a significant relationship with some lifestyle behaviours, it was not significantly related to others. The important methodological weaknesses in the literature preclude the ability to state the associations as unequivocal. While the association between cultural capital and lifestyle behaviours was supported in most of the included studies, more rigorous research methods are required to effectively assess the causality between cultural capital and lifestyle behaviours. More precise findings may lead to new entry points for the development of interventions to promote healthy lifestyle behaviours.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-07-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-04-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-12-2014
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-10-2021
Abstract: Parents have the most significant influence on the development of young children’s eating patterns. Understanding what parental factors best predict specific negative feeding practices is important for designing preventive interventions. We examined the relationship between parents’ use of coercive food parenting practices (pressure to eat and restriction) and parents’ disordered eating, food literacy, Body Mass Index (BMI) and socio-economic status (SES). Adult mothers, with a mean age of 33 years, at least one child aged between 6 months and 5 years and living in Australia (n = 819) completed an online questionnaire. Regression models were used to examine predictors of pressure to eat and restriction, respectively. Although the amount of variance accounted for by the models was small, maternal eating disorder symptoms were found to be the most important predictor of coercive food parenting practices. This finding has implications for early nutrition education, which has traditionally focused heavily on nutrition literacy. Parental disordered eating may be a more important preventive target and thus including behavioral strategies for positive feeding practices may better assist mothers in promoting positive eating habits with their children, rather than traditional approaches that aim to increase nutrition literacy.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2016.09.006
Abstract: Food literacy has been identified as a promising approach to support healthy dietary behaviours in adolescents. However, adolescents' perspectives on food literacy and the impact it could have on their dietary behaviours are not well understood. This study explored adolescents' perspectives on the potential for food literacy to influence their dietary behaviours. Fifteen focus groups were conducted with adolescents aged 12-17 years and encompassed quantitative and qualitative questions. Adolescents were asked to rank 22 aspects of food literacy in order of importance and discuss their responses as a group. Overall, adolescents ranked food and nutrition knowledge as more important than food skills and food capacity. Although adolescents stated that food and nutrition knowledge is important for them to eat well, the majority did not apply their knowledge to practice due to low confidence in food skills. Participants demonstrated very limited knowledge about macro aspects of food literacy such as animal welfare or environmental sustainability. Food skills such as planning and managing budgets for food and time for food shopping were ranked as least important due to being presently irrelevant but recognised as important later in life. Adolescents reported being very interested in developing food skills such as food preparation but they had very limited opportunities due to lack of food literacy education in home and high school settings. The high school setting provides an ideal opportunity for adolescents to improve their food literacy in particular food skills through home economics. Future research should develop and measure adolescents' food literacy and its impact on their dietary behaviours.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-06-2023
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1016/BS.ACC.2019.07.008
Abstract: The purpose of this review is to describe structure and function of the multiple proteins of the coagulation system and their subcomponent domains. Coagulation is the process by which flowing liquid blood plasma is converted to a soft, viscous gel entrapping the cellular components of blood including red cells and platelets and thereby preventing extravasation of blood. This process is triggered by the minimal proteolysis of plasma fibrinogen. This transforms the latter to sticky fibrin monomers which polymerize into a network. The proteolysis of fibrinogen is a function of the trypsin-like enzyme termed thrombin. Thrombin in turn is activated by a cascade of trypsin-like enzymes that we term coagulation factors. In this review we examine the mechanics of the coagulation cascade with a view to the structure-function relationships of the proteins. We also note that two of the factors have no trypsin like protease domain but are essential cofactors or catalysts for the proteases. This review does not discuss the major role of platelets except to highlight their membrane function with respect to the factors. Coagulation testing is a major part of routine diagnostic clinical pathology. Testing is performed on specimens from in iduals either with bleeding or with thrombotic disorders and those on anticoagulant medications. We examine the basic in-vitro laboratory coagulation tests and review the literature comparing the in vitro and in vivo processes. In vitro clinical testing typically utilizes plasma specimens and non-physiological or supraphysiological activators. Because the review focuses on coagulation factor structure, a brief overview of the evolutionary origins of the coagulation system is included.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-12-2021
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.13026
Abstract: Lack of physical activity presents substantial health risks to older adults living in residential aged care facilities. The objective of this review was to examine the suitability of physical activity outcome measurement instruments among cognitively sound residents. Search terms were used to explore health, nursing and social science databases to identify applicable English‐language research from January 2000 to July 2020. Sixteen papers met the inclusion criteria. The findings show that a erse range of outcome measurement instruments have been used to evaluate physical activity intervention effectiveness. Most were found not to be validated for use specifically with residential aged care populations. A range of Outcome Measurement Instruments (OMI) appear to effectively measure physical activity intervention outcomes among residential aged care older adults. Results highlighted the need for greater rigour in study design and selection of valid and population‐appropriate instruments for use with this population.
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 04-11-2013
Abstract: – This study aims to examine how working Australian Muslim men experience work-life conflict and how gender influences their experience. – Survey questionnaires were collected, either face-to-face or online, from 403 Australian Muslim men and women. – Work-to-life conflict is more prevalent than life-to-work conflict in both sexes, and there are no gender differences in the experiences of either direction of conflict. Job demands are a stronger predictor than work hours in both sexes and the findings corroborate existing Western research on the importance of work flexibility in helping both sexes cope with conflict. As expected, non-work related antecedents have more impacts on life-to-work conflict among women than in men, but the findings question the role of religion, indicating its beneficial rather than demanding nature. Finally, work-to-life conflict is a slightly stronger negative predictor of job satisfaction in women than men, whereas life-to-work conflict is a stronger negative predictor in men but not in women. – A greater focus on the work-life experiences of non-traditional populations and a change in the direction of work-life research, one that is broadened to include other roles besides work and family, such as religion, are needed. – Workplace policies designed to mitigate the negative impact of work-life conflict need to be matched to the workforce for both the workers and workplace to gain full benefits. – This research broadens the scope of work-life knowledge, one that is predominantly based on Western societies on white, English-speaking backgrounds, to men and women of non-traditional minority populations.
Location: United States of America
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Neil Harris.