ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8744-3469
Current Organisation
Monash University
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Publisher: Goodfellow Publishers
Date: 11-2016
DOI: 10.23912/978-1-910158-64-7-3282
Abstract: Mobility and accessibility plays a fundamental role throughout the life course. In most of the developed world, the majority of this mobility is provided directly or indirectly through the private car, yet our relationship with car travel varies significantly through the life course. Household car ownership follows a ‘life cycle effect’, increasing as young households form and peaking when the head of household reaches their mid-40’s. Recently there is growing evidence that the millennial generation is approaching auto-mobility transitions differently to previous generations. Licensing rates among young adults have declined in much of the developed world and even where declines have not taken place, millennials are more multi-modal and less car-dependent than previous generations. Yet there is evidence that rather than forgoing a driving license, millennials may in fact simply be delaying key life stages (such as full-time work and child-rearing) that lend themselves to auto-mobility. There is a risk that any shift toward more sustainable mobility may be only temporary. This chapter uses a case study of millennials in Australian cities to illustrate these trends. The chapter concludes by discussing ways in which sustainable mobility can be encouraged and supported even as millennials transition into traditionally auto-dependent life stages.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.3141/2275-03
Abstract: Previous research indicates that dwell time is a major factor influencing transit competitiveness. Streetcars have particularly uncompetitive running times, but no research has explored influences on streetcar dwell time. There is also no analytical research on dwell time effects of stop design despite anecdotal evidence showing that platform stops have reduced streetcar dwell time. This paper presents an empirical study of factors affecting dwell time on streetcars in Melbourne, Australia, and Toronto, Canada. It focuses on tram stop design. Results show that payment of fares to drivers on entry in Toronto increases dwell time compared with onboard self-ticket validation in Melbourne (β = .26). For a typical case of 10 passengers boarding and five alighting, the Melbourne approach saves 9.4 s (48%) of dwell time compared with Toronto. Tram stop design, notably platform stops, was the next most significant factor affecting streetcar dwell time (β = -.18). For a typical case of 10 passengers boarding and five alighting, platform stops reduce dwell time by 6.6 s or 25%. A positive link between the number of doors on trams and dwell time was found however, this is thought to result from insufficient ex les of high boarding numbers on four-door trams. The results suggest that off-vehicle or postboarding ticket purchase and validation are significant strategies for reducing dwell time. Providing platform stops is also a potential strategy for reducing dwell time. Areas for future research are suggested.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-11-2022
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.3141/2353-03
Abstract: This research paper explores the manner in which passenger rail transit organizations plan for and manage unplanned service disruptions through an international survey of practices. The research reported here included semistructured interviews of those staff responsible for service disruption management within 71 international transit agencies. Results suggested that 20% of agencies had parallel transit systems that could be used by commuters whose service was disrupted. Most of these systems existed in inner-city contexts. Track intrusions, medical emergencies, weather extremes, and track and rolling stock failures were common causes of unplanned disruptions. Bus bridging was the most common response to line blockages, while transfer of passengers to the next train was the most common approach to in idual rolling stock failures. Track crossovers were widely seen as critical to manage responses to disruptions. A small minority, mostly in cold climates, also saw crossovers as a cause of unplanned failures. Most agencies used spare buses as bus-bridging vehicles. Only 45% actively retracted buses from existing scheduled bus services. Some of these agencies did acknowledge that retraction often was done in extenuating circumstances, however. Rarely did agencies have a strategic reserve of buses for bus-bridging purposes. This paper discusses the implications of the study findings for further research and practice. This paper also documents that all responses to unplanned disruptions can be categorized according to the key disruption characteristics of duration, cause, time, and location, and it provides a typology of response mechanisms on the basis of such characteristics.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 24-02-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-11-2019
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.3141/2353-01
Abstract: The past 20 years have witnessed a remarkable period of growth for commuter rail. The potential to share existing infrastructure has made this mode of transportation an attractive solution to challenges posed by population growth and rising fuel costs. The increasing value placed on urban planning strategies that promote density has also boosted the attractiveness of this mode. This popularity has increased demand for high levels of service performance, defined by trip times that are competitive with automobile travel, and high rates of cost recovery relative to other transit modes. The development and the implementation of strategies that reduce travel time and improve asset use have become timely and appropriate considerations for commuter rail planners. This paper introduces the directness factor, a measure that can facilitate the evaluation of transit service alternatives through the synthesis of timetable characteristics that otherwise may require an extended explanation. Organizations may find the measure helpful if they are considering options for accelerated service, defined as service plans for which not all trains serve all stations. This measure can help identify the connections between timetable alternatives and system performance. For sketch-level planning exercises, for which limited information and institutional resources are available, the directness factor can be used to focus questions and to structure investigations that are more intensive than they otherwise would be. Within the current range of available planning and evaluation tools, the measure is intended to fill a gap between extended descriptions of service at stops on a specific line and modeled service demand and operating characteristics. This paper considered three specific implementations of accelerated service on American commuter railroads and used the directness factor to analyze the impact of those improvements.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-09-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-05-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-12-2011
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-07-2017
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 22-12-2009
Abstract: People often reason egocentrically about others' beliefs, using their own beliefs as an inductive guide. Correlational, experimental, and neuroimaging evidence suggests that people may be even more egocentric when reasoning about a religious agent's beliefs (e.g., God). In both nationally representative and more local s les, people's own beliefs on important social and ethical issues were consistently correlated more strongly with estimates of God's beliefs than with estimates of other people's beliefs (Studies 1–4). Manipulating people's beliefs similarly influenced estimates of God's beliefs but did not as consistently influence estimates of other people's beliefs (Studies 5 and 6). A final neuroimaging study demonstrated a clear convergence in neural activity when reasoning about one's own beliefs and God's beliefs, but clear ergences when reasoning about another person's beliefs (Study 7). In particular, reasoning about God's beliefs activated areas associated with self-referential thinking more so than did reasoning about another person's beliefs. Believers commonly use inferences about God's beliefs as a moral compass, but that compass appears especially dependent on one's own existing beliefs.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.3141/2275-08
Abstract: This paper explores the importance of providing track crossovers in addressing the issue of replacement bus services in response to unplanned rail service disruptions by using a case study in Melbourne, Australia. Crossovers determine the point from which rail replacement bus services can operate and thus are critical in determining the scale, costs, and benefits of rail disruption management. Despite research evidence that provision for crossovers is important in managing rail disruption, the research literature gives little guidance concerning how it can be achieved and what the relative costs and benefits of providing crossovers are. Theoretical modeling evaluated passenger and operator impacts of alternative crossover plans for a case study of unplanned service disruptions on a suburban rail line in Melbourne. Results showed that an additional crossover reduced user rail disruption costs by 78% to 96%, while bus hire costs were reduced by 63% to 93%. Results suggested that only a few rail disruptions annually would make the provision of track crossovers financially viable on the basis of savings in rail replacement bus service costs. Research found that locating crossovers as close as possible to areas of major disruption provided the most benefits for users and operators. Sensitivity tests showed that even with significantly lower ridership and a lower frequency of disruption, the addition of crossovers was financially positive and generated substantial user benefits. All highlighted results are with respect to the one suburban rail line under analysis. Provision of additional track crossovers appears to be a highly positive means of reducing costs and improving services. However, research indicates that crossovers can cause disruption on some rail systems, and this factor needs to be considered in rail planning.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-06-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-08-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-09-2018
Publisher: Network Design Lab - Transport Findings
Date: 03-02-2022
DOI: 10.32866/001C.32282
Abstract: This study investigates the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on travel behaviour in Hobart, the capital of the island of Tasmania where there was no community transmission of COVID-19 for over a year. It uses a descriptive analysis of traffic volumes for three major arterial routes into Hobart and bus boardings broken down by fare type. Over a year after the last community transmission of COVID-19, traffic volumes were above 2019 levels but bus ridership was 18% below average. This suggests that cities face a long-term challenge in attracting riders back to public transport, even after the threat of COVID-19 has passed.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.3141/2245-05
Abstract: The Summer Olympic Games present the largest-ever transport challenge for host cities that are often already facing aging infrastructure and congestion pressures. This paper reviews approaches to travel demand management (TDM) for travel related to the Olympic Games and assesses documented evidence on travel impacts. The review aims to inform future planning for the games but also to provide lessons for general urban planning. This paper is part of a wider research project applying transport lessons from Olympic Games to the Hajj–Omrah pilgrimage in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Five Olympic TDM measures are described: travel capacity creation, travel behavior change, traffic efficiency, traffic bans, and public transit emphasis. Different approaches and their impact on travel are discussed, with particular emphasis on how base-load nongames travel is reduced. In general, more recent games have emphasized significant investment in high-capacity transit infrastructure and much stronger measures for reducing car use than conventionally occurs in host cities because of the relative capacity efficiency of these modes. There is some evidence that more recent games have adopted more subtle TDM approaches such as test events and communications strategies to reduce base load travel. Evidence suggests that reductions of up to 30% occur in systemwide base-load demand and that localized impacts can be up to 40%. The games provide a practical case study for general urban planning because strong TDM practices are applied to achieve significant change in congested cities. These changes provide an excellent basis to inform planning for congested cities facing similar challenges in general urban transport.
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 06-06-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Alexandrine Press
Date: 13-10-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-10-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-09-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-05-2018
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.3141/2276-01
Abstract: Transit research is explored with the aim of understanding areas covered, research trends, research uses, and how research provision matches needs. The method involves an empirical analysis of the content, use, and users of the World Transit Research Clearinghouse website ( www.worldtransitresearch.info ). Results indicate that the Transportation Research Record is the academic journal that publishes the most transit research, but only 14% of its papers are on transit. Transport Policy is the second-largest source, but papers on transit make up 58% of its publications. Most research papers on transit concern bus, rail, or mass transit. In the past decade, the most significant change in publications by transit mode is that the segment on bus rapid transit research has grown, although it still accounts for a small share of overall content. Consumption of research content by mode is highest for bus rapid transit, followed by light rail or tram, then by bicycle or pedestrian. A comparison of research supply and research consumption suggests that research papers concerning (in order) sustainability, urban density, and ridership growth have the highest readership but represent a small share of research content in the field. User surveys had a low response rate but the responses received suggest that professionals including government policy makers, consultants, and academics are the major research users. The most common use of transit research is to be kept informed however, research also is cited as evidence, notably by academics. A modest but significant share of professionals use transit research for transit policy, service development, or both. Opportunities for future research are identified.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-08-2021
No related grants have been discovered for Alexa Delbosc.