ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1285-7098
Current Organisations
Institute of Theoretical Physics
,
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
,
Queen's University
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Publications
Correction: Interventions for treating children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: an overview of Cochrane reviews
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-04-2019
Dietary interventions with dietitian involvement in adults with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-03-2021
DOI: 10.1111/JHN.12870
Abstract: A comprehensive evidence base is needed to support recommendations for the dietetic management of adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aimed to determine the effect of dietary interventions with dietitian involvement on nutritional status, well‐being, kidney risk factors and clinical outcomes in adults with CKD. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and EMBASE.com were searched from January 2000 to November 2019. Intentional weight loss and single nutrient studies were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool. Effectiveness was summarised using the mean difference between groups for each outcome per study. Twelve controlled trials (1906 participants) were included. High fruit and vegetable intake, as well as a multidisciplinary hospital and community care programme, slowed the decline in glomerular filtration rate in adults with stage 3–4 CKD. Interventions addressing nutrition‐related barriers increased protein and energy intake in haemodialysis patients. A Mediterranean diet and a diet with high n ‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improved the lipid profile in kidney transplant recipients. A limited number of studies suggest benefits as a result of dietary interventions that are delivered by dietitians and focus on diet quality. We did not identify any studies that focussed on our primary outcome of nutritional status or studies that examined the timing or frequency of the nutritional assessment. This review emphasises the need for a wider body of high‐quality evidence to support recommendations on what and how dietetic interventions are delivered by dietitians for adults with CKD.
Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of first-line chemotherapy for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and economic evaluation
Publisher: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Date: 07-2013
DOI: 10.3310/HTA17310
Clinical effectiveness of first-line chemoradiation for adult patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review
Publisher: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.3310/HTA17060
Abstract: The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence has issued guidelines on the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and recommends that patients with stage IIIA–IIIB disease who are not amenable to surgery be treated with potentially curative chemoradiation (CTX-RT). This review was conducted as part of a larger systematic review of all first-line chemotherapy (CTX) and CTX-RT treatments for patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC. However, it was considered that patients with potentially curable disease (e.g. stage IIIA) are different from those with advanced disease, who are suitable for palliative treatment only, and therefore the results should be reported separately. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of first-line CTX in addition to radiotherapy (RT) (CTX-RT vs CTX-RT) for adult patients with locally advanced NSCLC who are suitable for potentially curative treatment. Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library) were searched from January 1990 to September 2010. Inclusion criteria comprised adult patients with locally advanced NSCLC, trials that compared any first-line CTX-RT therapy (induction, sequential, concurrent and consolidation) and outcomes of overall survival (OS) and/or progression-free survival (PFS). The results of clinical data extraction and quality assessment were summarised in tables and with narrative description. Direct meta-analyses using OS data were undertaken where possible: sequential CTX-RT compared with concurrent CTX-RT sequential CTX-RT compared with concurrent/consolidation CTX-RT and sequential CTX-RT compared with concurrent CTX-RT with or without consolidation. There were not sufficient data to perform meta-analysis on PFS. Of the 240 potentially relevant studies that were published post 2000, 19 met the inclusion criteria and compared CTX-RT with CTX-RT. The results from the OS meta-analysis comparing sequential CTX-RT with concurrent CTX-RT appear to show an OS advantage for concurrent CTX-RT arms over sequential arms this result is not statistically significant [hazard ratio (HR) 0.79 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50 to 1.25)]. The results from the OS meta-analysis comparing sequential CTX-RT with concurrent/consolidation CTX-RT appear to show a statistically significant OS advantage for concurrent/consolidation CTX-RT treatment over sequential treatment (HR 0.68 95% CI 0.55 to 0.83). The results from the OS meta-analysis comparing sequential CTX-RT with concurrent CTX-RT with or without consolidation appear to show a statistically significant OS advantage for concurrent CTX-RT with or without consolidation over sequential treatment (HR 0.72 95% CI 0.61 to 0.84). This report provides a summary and critical appraisal of a comprehensive evidence base of CTX-RT trials however, it is possible that additional trials have been reported since our last literature search. It is disappointing that the quality of the research in this area does not meet the accepted quality standards regarding trial design and reporting. This review identified that the research conducted in the area of CTX-RT was generally of poor quality and suffered from a lack of reporting of all important clinical findings, including OS. The 19 trials included in the systematic review were too disparate to form any conclusions as to the effectiveness of in idual CTX agents or types of RT. The focus of primary research should be good methodological quality appropriate allocation of concealment and randomisation, and comprehensive reporting of key outcomes, will enable meaningful synthesis and conclusions to be drawn. The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
Primordial black hole dark matter in the context of extra dimensions
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 10-05-2022
Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese children from the age of 6 to 11 years
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-06-2017
Interventions for treating children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: an overview of Cochrane reviews
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41366-018-0230-Y
Abstract: Children and adolescents with overweight and obesity are a global health concern. This is an integrative overview of six Cochrane systematic reviews, providing an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence examining interventions for the treatment of children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. The data extraction and quality assessments for each review were conducted by one author and checked by a second. The six high quality reviews provide evidence on the effectiveness of behaviour changing interventions conducted in children <6 years (7 trials), 6-11 years (70 trials), adolescents 12-17 years (44 trials) and interventions that target only parents of children aged 5-11 years (20 trials) in addition to interventions examining surgery (1 trial) and drugs (21 trials). Most of the evidence was derived from high-income countries and published in the last two decades. Collectively, the evidence suggests that multi-component behaviour changing interventions may be beneficial in achieving small reductions in body weight status in children of all ages, with low adverse event occurrence were reported. More research is required to understand which specific intervention components are most effective and in whom, and how best to maintain intervention effects. Evidence from surgical and drug interventions was too limited to make inferences about use and safety, and adverse events were a serious consideration.
The impact of interventions to promote healthier ready‐to‐eat meals (to eat in, to take away or to be delivered) sold by specific food outlets open to the general public: a systematic review
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-11-2016
DOI: 10.1111/OBR.12479
Signatures of microscopic black holes and extra dimensions at future neutrino telescopes
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2020
Related Organisations
University Of Liverpool
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for Tamara Brown.