ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3737-1820
Current Organisation
Universiti Sains Malaysia - Kampus Kesihatan
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Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-10-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S13246-015-0379-9
Abstract: 3D movies are attracting the viewers as they can see the objects flying out of the screen. However, many viewers have reported various problems which are usually faced after watching 3D movies. These problems include visual fatigue, eye strain, headaches, dizziness, blurred vision or collectively may be termed as visually induced motion sickness (VIMS). This research focuses on the comparison between 3D passive technology with a conventional 2D technology to find that whether 3D is causing trouble in the viewers or not. For this purpose, an experiment was designed in which participants were randomly assigned to watch 2D or a 3D movie. The movie was specially designed to induce VIMS. The movie was shown for the duration of 10 min to every participant. The electroencephalogram (EEG) data was recorded throughout the session. At the end of the session, participants rated their feelings using simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ). The SSQ data was analyzed and the ratings of 2D and 3D participants were compared statistically by using a two tailed t test. From the SSQ results, it was found that participants watching 3D movies reported significantly higher symptoms of VIMS (p value <0.05). EEG data was analyzed by using MATLAB and topographic plots are created from the data. A significant difference has been observed in the frontal-theta power which increases with the passage of time in 2D condition while decreases with time in 3D condition. Also, a decrease in beta power has been found in the temporal lobe of 3D group. Therefore, it is concluded that there are negative effects of 3D movies causing significant changes in the brain activity in terms of band powers. This condition leads to produce symptoms of VIMS in the viewers.
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 27-12-2019
DOI: 10.1155/2019/6248185
Abstract: Objective . To study the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and visual electrophysiology testing in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods . A cross-sectional, hospital-based study: 25 AD subjects and 25 controls were recruited. Candidates who fulfil the criteria with normal ocular examinations were made to proceed with scanning laser polarimetry, pattern electroretinogram (PERG), and pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP) examinations of the right eye. RNFL thickness, PERG, and PVEP readings were evaluated. Results . In AD, the mean of average RNFL thickness was 45.28 μ m, SD = 3.61, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ), while the superior RNFL thickness was 54.44 μ m, SD = 2.85, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ) and inferior RNFL thickness was 47.11 μ m, SD = 4.52, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ). For PERG, the mean P50 latency was 63.88 ms, SD = 7.94, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ) and the mean litudes of P50 waves were 1.79 μ V, SD = 0.64, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ) and N95 waves were 2.43 μ V, SD = 0.90, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ). For PVEP, the mean latency of P100 was 119.00 ms, SD = 9.07, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ), while the mean latency of N135 was 145.20 ms, SD = 8.53, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ). The mean litude of P100 waves was 3.71 μ V, SD = 1.60, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ), whereas the mean litude of N135 waves was 3.67 μ V, SD = 2.02, P 0.001 ( P 0.05 ). RNFL thickness strongly correlates with PERG readings, with P50 latency R = 0.582, R 2 = 0.339, P = 0.002 ( P 0.05 ), litude of P50 wave at R = 0.749, R 2 = 0.561, P ≤ 0.001 ( P 0.05 ), and litude of N95 wave at R = 0.500, R 2 = 0.250, P = 0.011 ( P 0.05 ). No significant difference and correlation were observed on PVEP readings. Conclusion . The mean of the average, superior and inferior RNFL thickness were significantly lower in the AD group compared with control. There is also significant difference of PERG and PVEP parameters between AD and controls. Regression analysis showed average RNFL thickness having significantly linear relationship with the PERG parameters.
No related grants have been discovered for Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam.