ORCID Profile
0000-0001-6305-0003
Current Organisation
James Cook University
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.VASCN.2019.106601
Abstract: A volume-pressure sensor and tail-cuff method for monitoring blood pressure is non-invasive and inexpensive. This method requires animals to be restrained or subjected to anesthesia, but comparative effects of these manipulations on hemodynamic parameters have not been documented. Using a volume-pressure sensor and tail-cuff, we serially measured blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive adult male Lewis rats after light isoflurane-induced anesthesia (5% induction, 1% maintenance) and, following untrained restraint. Blood pressure was recorded until the acquisition of three complete measurements without the range of replicate mean arterial pressures exceeding 15 mmHg (steady-state). Averages for the entire series of consecutive measurements indicated that restraint yielded significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure than anesthesia (P < .05), but heart rate was not affected. Following stabilization at steady-state, there were no significant differences in intra- or inter-day hemodynamic values between the restraint and isoflurane groups. The inter-day coefficient of variation for systolic pressure was 13-23% for isoflurane and 9-14% for restraint. Bland-Altman analysis showed wide limits of agreement (±59 mmHg systolic ±49 mmHg diastolic pressure) between restraint and isoflurane measurements. Isoflurane caused more variability but there was agreement in BP evaluation by the isoflurane and restraint methods. Using the VPR system, light isoflurane-induced anesthesia and restraint could effectively be used to screen and quantify overt changes in hemodynamic parameters for cardiovascular research utilizing laboratory rodents.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 22-09-2015
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 05-2020
DOI: 10.1136/BMJDRC-2019-000982
Abstract: Mouse models are frequently used to study diabetes-associated ulcers, however, whether these models accurately simulate impaired wound healing has not been thoroughly investigated. This systematic review aimed to determine whether wound healing is impaired in mouse models of diabetes and assess the quality of the past research. A systematic literature search was performed of publicly available databases to identify original articles examining wound healing in mouse models of diabetes. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the effect of diabetes on wound healing rate using random effect models. A meta-regression was performed to examine the effect of diabetes duration on wound healing impairment. The quality of the included studies was also assessed using two newly developed tools. 77 studies using eight different models of diabetes within 678 non-diabetic and 720 diabetic mice were included. Meta-analysis showed that wound healing was impaired in all eight models. Meta-regression suggested that longer duration of diabetes prior to wound induction was correlated with greater degree of wound healing impairment. Pairwise comparisons suggested that non-obese diabetic mice exhibited more severe wound healing impairment compared with db/db mice, streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice or high-fat fed mice at an intermediate stage of wound healing (p .01). Quality assessment suggested that the prior research frequently lacked incorporation of key clinically relevant characteristics. This systematic review suggested that impaired wound healing can be simulated in many different mouse models of diabetes but these require further refinement to become more clinically relevant.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-2020
DOI: 10.1136/BMJDRC-2020-001676
Abstract: The aims of this systematic review were to assess the clinical relevance and quality of previously published animal models of ischemic ulceration and examine the available evidence for interventions improving ulcer healing in these models. Publicly available databases were searched for original studies investigating the effect of limb ischemia on wound healing in animal models. The quality of studies was assessed using two tools based on the Animal research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines and the clinical relevance of the models. A total of 640 wounds (ischemic=314 non-ischemic=326) were assessed in 252 animals (92 mice, 140 rats, 20 rabbits) from 7 studies. Meta-analyses showed that wound healing was consistently delayed by ischemia at all time-points examined (day-7 standard median difference (SMD) 5.36, 95% CI 3.67 to 7.05 day-14 SMD 4.50, 95% CI 2.90 to 6.10 and day-21 SMD 2.53, 95% CI 1.25 to 3.80). No significant difference in wound healing was observed between 32 diabetic and 32 non-diabetic animals with ischemic wounds. Many studies lacked methods to reduce bias, such as outcome assessors blinded to group allocation and s le size calculations and clinically relevant model characteristics, such as use of older animals and a peripheral location of the wound. Five different interventions were reported to improve wound healing in these models. The impaired wound healing associated with limb ischemia can be modeled in a variety of different animals. Improvements in study design could increase clinical relevance, reduce bias and aid the discovery of translatable therapies.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2023
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 25-07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATHEROSCLEROSIS.2018.08.004
Abstract: Diets enriched with tree nuts have been demonstrated to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular events. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) shares common risk factors with atherosclerosis and AAA patients commonly have atherosclerosis related cardiovascular events. AAA has some distinct pathological and clinical characteristics to those of atherosclerosis. No previous study has examined the effect of a diet enriched with tree nuts on experimental or clinical AAA. This study investigated the effect of a diet enriched with tree nuts on the development and severity of AAA within an experimental rodent model. Male apolipoprotein E deficient mice were allocated to a diet enriched with tree nuts or control diet for 56 days (n = 17 per group). After 28 days, all mice were infused with angiotensin II whilst being maintained on their respective diets. The primary outcome was AAA severity assessed by the supra-renal aortic diameter, measured by ultrasound and ex vivo morphometric analysis. The severity of atherosclerosis was assessed by computer-aided analysis of Sudan IV stained aortic arches and sections of brachiocephalic arteries prepared with Van Gieson's stain. The diet enriched with tree nuts did not influence aortic diameter or aortic rupture incidence. Mice receiving the diet enriched with tree nuts had significantly less atherosclerosis within the brachiocephalic artery (p = 0.033) but not in the aortic arch. This experimental study suggests that a diet enriched with tree nuts does not reduce the severity of AAA, but does reduce the severity of atherosclerosis within the brachiocephalic artery. The study was not powered to identify a moderate effect of the diet on the primary outcome and therefore this cannot be excluded.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.INTIMP.2018.11.034
Abstract: Proteins from parasitic worms have been posed as novel therapies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other auto-inflammatory diseases. However, with so many potential therapeutics, it is important that drug discovery be based on the specific phyla or species which show the most promising effects. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the reported effects of helminthic secretory proteins and derivative therapy on RA in an animal model. Medline, Scopus and Web of Science were searched to identify studies evaluating helminthic therapy in the collagen-induced arthritis model of RA. A meta-analysis was undertaken to determine the overall effect of the proteins. Subgroup analyses were also undertaken to investigate in idual treatments. Seven articles were included in the analysis. Overall, helminthic therapy significantly reduced arthritis score (SMD -1.193, 95% CI -1.525, -0.860). Subgroup analyses found a significant reduction in arthritis score following treatment with helminth protein ES-62 (SMD -1.186, 95% CI -1.633, -0.738) and phosphorylcholine-based treatment (SMD -0.997, 95% CI -1.423, -0.571). Subgroup analyses found ES-62 treatment significantly decreased IFN-γ levels (SMD -1.611, 95% CI -2.734, -0.487) and significantly increased levels of IL-10 (SMD 0.946, 95% CI 0.127, 1.765). Therapeutics from parasitic worms are a promising avenue for drug discovery, especially with all included studies reporting a significant improvement in arthritis score. Based on pooled data presented in this study, the nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae seems to be of particular interest for therapeutics.
No related grants have been discovered for James Phie.