ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1037-1983
Current Organisations
University of the Sunshine Coast
,
Imperial College London
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-03-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-03-2022
DOI: 10.1002/JCSM.12976
Abstract: Vitamin D supplementation is proposed as a potentially effective nutritional intervention to mitigate the risk of sarcopenia. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation monotherapy on indices of sarcopenia in community‐dwelling older adults. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared the effect of vitamin D supplementation (as monotherapy) with placebo on indices of sarcopenia in older ( years) adults. Using the random effects inverse‐variance model, we calculated the mean difference (MD) in handgrip strength (HGS), short physical performance battery (SPPB), timed up and go (TUG), and appendicular lean mass (ALM) between groups. We also calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) in general muscle strength and general physical performance (composite plot of all muscle strength and physical performance outcomes, respectively) between groups. Ten RCTs were included in the meta‐analysis. A significant decrease in SPPB scores was observed with vitamin D supplementation compared with placebo (MD: −0.23 95% CI −0.40 to −0.06 I 2 = 0% P = 0.007). Vitamin D supplementation conferred no effect on HGS (MD: −0.07 kg 95% CI −0.70 to 0.55 I 2 = 51%, P = 0.82), TUG (MD: 0.07 s 95% CI −0.08 to 0.22 I 2 = 0%, P = 0.35), ALM (MD: 0.06 kg/m 2 95% CI: −0.32 to 0.44 I 2 = 73%, P = 0.77), general muscle strength (SMD: −0.01 95% CI −0.17 to 0.15 I 2 = 42%, P = 0.90), or general physical performance (SMD: −0.02 95% CI −0.23 to 0.18 I 2 = 71%, P = 0.83). Vitamin D supplementation did not improve any sarcopenia indices in community‐dwelling older adults and may compromise some aspects of physical performance. Future studies are warranted to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on in idual indices of SPPB, including mobility and balance, in older adults.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-06-2021
DOI: 10.3390/F12060741
Abstract: Genetic ersity and the extent of clonality in a plant species can significantly influence its reproductive success. Whilst clonality can be an effective life-history strategy, in harsh environments it can lead to low levels of ersity and sexual reproductive failure. Santalum lanceolatum (Santalaceae) is a hemi-parasitic shrub endemic to the monsoonal dry tropics of northern Australia, which was harvested for its oil-rich heartwood from natural populations in Cape York, Australia. Despite wild harvesting ending over 70 years ago, populations in the region are currently declining. The aims of this study were to examine genetic variation, population genetic structure, inbreeding and clonality of six S. lanceolatum populations from this northern margin of the species range. Analyses of twelve microsatellite markers showed S. lanceolatum had low genetic ersity (AR = 2.776, HE = 0.409), evidence of regional differentiation (FST = 0.307–0.424) and negligible inbreeding levels (F = −0.052). Clonality investigations revealed 135 genets among 200 s les, suggesting that the clonal structure of S. lanceolatum may be limiting the potential for sexual reproduction and natural recruitment. We recommend a conservation strategy involving genetic rescue to prevent the further decline and potential local extinction from a variety of environmental pressures and human activities.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2011
DOI: 10.4155/BFS.11.136
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-10-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-09-2022
DOI: 10.1002/JCSM.13087
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Panagiotis Giannos.