ORCID Profile
0000-0002-9137-3632
Current Organisations
Deakin University - Melbourne Burwood Campus
,
Debre Markos University
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In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Astronomy And Astrophysics | Astronomical and Space Sciences |
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 12-07-2018
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 02-05-2022
Abstract: High blood pressure (BP) is the commonest modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, yet its monitoring remains problematic. Wearable cuffless BP devices offer potential solutions however, little is known about their validity and utility. We aimed to systematically review the validity, features and clinical use of wearable cuffless BP devices. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, IEEE Xplore and the Cochrane Database till December 2019 for studies that reported validating cuffless BP devices. We extracted information about study characteristics, device features, validation processes, and clinical applications. Devices were classified according to their functions and features. We defined devices with a mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) biases of & mmHg as valid as a consensus. Our definition of validity did not include assessment of device measurement precision, which is assessed by standard deviation of the mean difference—a critical component of ISO protocol validation criteria. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies version 2 tool. A random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to summarise the mean biases for SBP and DBP across studies. Of the 430 studies identified, 16 studies (15 devices, 974 participants) were selected. The majority of devices (81.3%) used photoplethysmography to estimate BP against a reference device other technologies included tonometry, auscultation and electrocardiogram. In addition to BP and heart rate, some devices also measured night-time BP (n = 5), sleep monitoring (n = 3), oxygen saturation (n = 3), temperature (n = 2) and electrocardiogram (n = 3). Eight devices showed mean biases of & mmHg for SBP and DBP compared with a reference device and three devices were commercially available. The meta-analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the wearable and reference devices for SBP (pooled mean difference = 3.42 mmHg, 95% CI: −2.17, 9.01, I2 95.4%) and DBP (pooled mean = 1.16 mmHg, 95% CI: −1.26, 3.58, I2 87.1%). Several cuffless BP devices are currently available using different technologies, offering the potential for continuous BP monitoring. The variation in standards and validation protocols limited the comparability of findings across studies and the identification of the most accurate device. Challenges such as validation using standard protocols and in real-life settings must be overcome before they can be recommended for uptake into clinical practice.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 15-10-2018
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980018002616
Abstract: Epidemiological studies have indicated that dietary patterns during pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW). However, the results of these studies are varied and inconsistent. The present study aimed to assess the association between dietary patterns and the risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Seven databases were searched for articles. Two reviewers performed the study selection and data extraction. A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled effect sizes of eligible studies. Studies conducted all over the world were incorporated. The review focused on pregnant women. A total of twenty-one studies were identified. Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern (intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains) was significantly associated with lower odds (OR 95 % CI) of pre-ecl sia (0·78 0·70, 0·86 I 2 =39·0 %, P =0·178), GDM (0·78 0·56, 0·99 I 2 =68·6 %, P =0·013) and PTB (0·75 0·57, 0·93 I 2 =89·6 %, P =0·0001). Our review suggests that dietary patterns with a higher intake of fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains and fish are associated with a decreased likelihood of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Further research should be conducted in low-income countries to understand the impact of limited resources on dietary intake and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-05-2020
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 17-11-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0277885
Abstract: Caesarean section has a significant role in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. A linked analysis of population and health facility data is valuable to map and identify caesarean section use and associated factors. This study aimed to identify geographic variation and associated factors of caesarean delivery in Ethiopia. Linked data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) and the 2014 Ethiopian Service Provision Assessment Plus (ESPA+) survey was performed. Spatial analysis was conducted to identify geographic variations and factors associated with caesarean delivery. Hierarchical Bayesian analysis was also performed to identify factors associated with caesarean delivery using the SAS MCMC procedure. Women’s age and education, household wealth, parity, antenatal care (ANC) visits, and distance to caesarean section facility were associated with caesarean delivery use. Women who had ≥4 ANC visits were 4.67 (95% Credible Interval (CrI): 2.17, 9.43) times more likely to have caesarean delivery compared to those who had no ANC visits. Women who had education and were from rich households were also 2.80 (95% CrI: 1.83, 4.19) and 1.80 (95% CrI: 1.08, 2.84) times more likely to have caesarean deliveries relative to women who had no education and were from poor households, respectively. A one-kilometer increase in distance to a caesarean section facility was associated with an 88% reduction in the odds of caesarean delivery (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 0.12, 95% CrI: 0.01, 0.78). Hotspots of high caesarean section rates were observed in Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, and the Harari region. In addition, women’s age at first childbirth and ≥4 ANC visits showed significant spatially varying relations between caesarean delivery use across Ethiopia. Caesarean section is a lifesaving procedure, and it is essential to narrow disparities to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality and avoid unnecessary procedures.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3304279
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 07-06-2021
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-572537/V1
Abstract: Background: Access to emergency obstetric care (EmOC) is very important for reducing maternal mortality. A geographically linked data analysis using population and health facility data is potentially valuable to map caesarean delivery use, and to identify inequalities in service access and provision. Thus, this study aimed to assess the spatial patterns of caesarean delivery use, and to identify associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Method: A secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey linked with the 2014 Ethiopian Service Provision Assessment was conducted. A hierarchical Bayesian analysis was carried out using the SAS MCMC procedure. A spatial analysis was performed to identify the hot spot areas of caesarean delivery use with ArcGIS. Results: Women who had four or more ANC visits were 4.077 ( 95% Credible Interval (CrI): 1.909, 8.179) times more likely to use caesarean delivery compared to those who had no ANC visits. Pregnant women living in rural areas were 60% less likely to deliver via caesarean section. About 50% of the variability in the rate of caesarean delivery was accounted for by location. The spatial analysis found that Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa and the Harari region had clusters of high caesarean delivery rates. Conclusion: There were significant variations in the use of caesarean delivery services across the different regions of Ethiopia. The findings have important policy implications. The Ethiopian government has to increase the distribution of EmOC facilities and/or to establish a faster transportation system to allow pregnant women to reach EmOC facilities when caesarean delivery is indicated.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-03-2016
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 10-2020
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2020-037532
Abstract: To assess spatial variations in modern contraceptive use and to identify factors associated with it among married women in Ethiopia. Cross-sectional analysis of population-based and health facility data. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data linked to Service Provision Assessment data. 8473 married women and 1020 facilities that reported providing family planning services. A linked secondary data analysis of population and health facility data was carried out. Both multilevel and spatial analyses were conducted to identify key determinants of women’s use of modern contraceptive and spatial clustering of modern contraceptive use. Modern contraceptive use. About 24% of the variation in the use of modern contraception was accounted for by location. A one-unit increase in the mean score of health facilities’ readiness to provide short-term modern contraceptives in a typical region was associated with a 20-fold increase in the odds of modern contraceptive use (adjusted OR (AOR) 20.49, 95% CI 1.44 to 29.54). In the spatial analysis, it was found that Addis Ababa and the Amhara region had high clusters of modern contraceptive use rates. On the other hand, low rates of contraceptive use were clustered in the Afar and Somali regions. There were significant variations in the use of modern contraceptives across the different regions of Ethiopia. Therefore, regions with low contraceptive rates and high fertility rates should be targeted for scaling up and tailoring of services to the culture and lifestyles of the population of those regions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-10-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-10-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-22469-6
Abstract: Lifestyle risk behaviours such as smoking, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet account for a considerable disease burden globally. These risk behaviours tend to cluster within an in idual, which could have detrimental health effects. In this study, we aimed to examine the clustering effect of lifestyle risk behaviours on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk among adults in the United Kingdom (UK). We performed a latent class (LC) analysis with distal outcomes using the UK Biobank baseline (2006–2010) data. First, we estimated LC measurement models, followed by an auxiliary model conditional on LC variables. We reported continuous (mean difference—MD) and binary (odds ratio—OR) outcomes with 95% confidence intervals. We included 283,172 and 174,030 UK adults who had data on CVD and CVD risk, respectively. Multiple lifestyle risk behaviour clustering (physically inactive, poor fruit & vegetable intake, high alcohol intake, and prolonged sitting) had a 3.29 mean increase in CVD risk compared to high alcohol intake. In addition, adults with three risk behaviours (physically inactive, poor fruit & vegetable intake, and high alcohol intake) had 25.18 higher odds of having CVD than those with two risk behaviours (physically inactive, and poor fruit and vegetable intake). Social deprivation, gender and age were also associated with CVD. In iduals' LC membership with two or more lifestyle risk behaviours negatively affects CVD. Interventions targeting multiple lifestyle behaviours and social circumstances should be prioritized to reduce the CVD burden.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 17-06-2022
Abstract: Wearable cameras offer an innovative way to discover new insights into the lived experience of people with cardiovascular conditions. Wearable cameras can be used alone or supplement more traditional research methods, such as interviews and participant observations. This paper provides an overview of the benefits of using wearable cameras for data collection and outlines some key considerations for researchers and clinicians interested in this method. We provide a case study describing a study design using wearable cameras and how the data were used.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 18-03-2016
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 10-10-2022
DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.07.22280820
Abstract: Caesarean section has a significant role in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. A linked analysis of population and health facility data is valuable to map and identify caesarean section use and associated factors. This study aimed to identify geographic variation and associated factors of caesarean delivery in Ethiopia. Linked data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) and the 2014 Ethiopian Service Provision Assessment Plus (ESPA+) survey was performed. Spatial analysis was conducted to identify geographic variations and factors associated with caesarean delivery. Hierarchical Bayesian analysis was also performed to identify factors associated with caesarean delivery using the SAS MCMC procedure. Women’s age and education, household wealth, parity, antenatal care (ANC) visits, and distance to caesarean section facility were associated with caesarean delivery use. Women who had ≥4 ANC visits were 4.67 (95% Credible Interval (CrI): 2.17, 9.43) times more likely to have caesarean delivery compared to those who had no ANC visits. Women who had education and were from rich households were also 2.80 (95% CrI: 1.83, 4.19) and 1.80 (95% CrI: 1.08, 2.84) times more likely to have caesarean deliveries relative to women who had no education and were from poor households, respectively. A one-kilometer increase in distance to a caesarean section facility was associated with an 88% reduction in the odds of caesarean delivery (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 0.12, 95% CrI: 0.01, 0.78). Hotspots of high caesarean section rates were observed in Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, and the Harari region. In addition, women’s age at first childbirth and ≥4 ANC visits showed significant spatially varying relations between caesarean delivery use across Ethiopia. Caesarean section is a lifesaving procedure, and it is essential to narrow disparities to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality and avoid unnecessary procedures.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1136/OPENHRT-2021-001949
Abstract: This review aimed to compare the relative effectiveness of different exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (ExCR) delivery modes (centre-based, home-based, hybrid and technology-enabled ExCR) on key heart failure (HF) outcomes: exercise capacity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), HF-related hospitalisation and HF-related mortality. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published through 20 June 2021 were identified from six databases, and reference lists of included studies. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were evaluated using the Cochrane tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, respectively. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using R. Continuous and binary outcomes are reported as mean differences (MD) and ORs, respectively, with 95% credible intervals (95% CrI). One-hundred and thirty-nine RCTs (n=18 670) were included in the analysis. Network meta-analysis demonstrated improvements in VO 2 peak following centre-based (MD (95% CrI)=3.10 (2.56 to 3.65) mL/kg/min), home-based (MD=2.69 (1.67 to 3.70) mL/kg/min) and technology-enabled ExCR (MD=1.76 (0.27 to 3.26) mL/kg/min). Similarly, 6 min walk distance was improved following hybrid (MD=84.78 (31.64 to 138.32) m), centre-based (MD=50.35 (30.15 to 70.56) m) and home-based ExCR (MD=36.77 (12.47 to 61.29) m). Incremental shuttle walk distance did not improve following any ExCR delivery modes. Minnesota living with HF questionnaire improved after centre-based (MD=−10.38 (−14.15 to –6.46)) and home-based ExCR (MD=−8.80 (−13.62 to –4.07)). Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire was improved following home-based ExCR (MD=20.61 (4.61 to 36.47)), and Short Form Survey 36 mental component after centre-based ExCR (MD=3.64 (0.30 to 6.14)). HF-related hospitalisation and mortality risks reduced only after centre-based ExCR (OR=0.41 (0.17 to 0.76) and OR=0.42 (0.16 to 0.90), respectively). Mean age of study participants was only associated with changes in VO 2 peak. ExCR programmes have broader benefits for people with HF and since different delivery modes were comparably effective for improving exercise capacity and HRQoL, the selection of delivery modes should be tailored to in iduals’ preferences.
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 24-08-2022
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1986313/V1
Abstract: Background: Lifestyle risk behaviours such as smoking, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet account for a considerable disease burden worldwide. These lifestyle behaviours tend to cluster within an in idual that could have synergetic effects on health. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of lifestyle risk behaviour clustering (smoking, poor fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol intake, physical inactivity, prolonged sitting, and poor sleep) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk among adults in the United Kingdom (UK). Methods: We used baseline (2006-2010) data from the UK Biobank. We performed a latent class (LC) analysis with distal outcomes model to identify and estimate the effect of clustering of lifestyle risk behaviours and socio-demographic characteristics on CVD and CVD risk. LC measurement models were estimated first, followed by an auxiliary model conditional on LC variables. Continuous and binary outcomes were reported as mean differences (MD) and odds ratios (OR), respectively, with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: We included 283,172 participants who had data on CVD status (52.6% males). Clustering of multiple lifestyle risk behaviours (physically inactive, poor fruit & vegetable intake, high alcohol intake, and prolonged sitting) had a 3.29 mean increase in CVD risk relative to high alcohol intake. In addition, adults with three lifestyle risk behaviours (physically inactive, poor fruit & vegetable intake, and high alcohol intake) had 25.18 higher odds of having CVD than those with two lifestyle risk behaviours (physically inactive, and poor fruit and vegetable intake). Social deprivation, gender and age were also associated with CVD. Conclusion: In iduals' LC membership with two or more lifestyle risk behaviours had a determinantal effect on CVD. Interventions targeting multiple lifestyle behaviours and social circumstances should be prioritized to reduce CVD burden.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2023
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 26-07-2023
Abstract: lobally, heart failure (HF) affects more than 64 million people and attempts to reduce its social and economic burden is a public health priority. Interventions to support people with HF to self-manage have been shown to reduce hospitalisations, improve quality of life, and reduce mortality rates. Understanding how people self-manage is imperative to improve future interventions however, most approaches to date, have used self-report methods to achieve this. Wearable cameras provide a unique tool to understand the lived experiences of people with HF and the daily activities they undertake, which could lead to more effective interventions. However, their potential for understanding chronic conditions such as HF is unclear. he aim of this study was to determine the potential utility of wearable cameras to better understand activities of daily living in people living with HF. his study analysed wearable camera image data obtained from people living with HF. Images were processed using the E-Myscéal system with customized search terms for seven activities of daily living (physical activity, gardening, shopping, screen time, drinking, eating, and taking medication). The utility of the system for capturing specific activities was evaluated using sensitivity analysis. Daily activity image data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Differences in recorded activities were also captured for 10 participants that were readmitted to hospital for HF. he E-Myscéal system demonstrated heightened sensitivity towards specific search terms. Overall, a higher number of images were recorded for eating and drinking, while the number of images for physical activity, screen time and taking medication was lower. More activities were recorded before midday compared with afternoons. Changes in the participants' daily activities were also observed before and after their hospitalization. earable cameras can capture valuable data on daily activities of people living with HF to develop personalized interventions. A flexible interrogation system is crucial for efficient analysis of the huge volume of data produced by lifelogging devices.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 30-08-2018
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 18-07-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1186/S12884-019-2550-X
Abstract: Accessibility and utilization of antenatal care (ANC) service varies depending on different geographical locations, sociodemographic characteristics, political and other factors. A geographically linked data analysis using population and health facility data is valuable to map ANC use, and identify inequalities in service access and provision. Thus, this study aimed to assess the spatial patterns of ANC use, and to identify associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. A secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey linked with the 2014 Ethiopian Service Provision Assessment was conducted. A multilevel analysis was carried out using the SAS GLIMMIX procedure. Furthermore, hot spot analysis and spatial regressions were carried out to identify the hot spot areas of and factors associated with the spatial variations in ANC use using ArcGIS and R softwares. A one-unit increase in the mean score of ANC service availability in a typical region was associated with a five-fold increase in the odds of having more ANC visits. Moreover, every one-kilometre increase in distance to the nearest ANC facility in a typical region was negatively associated with having at least four ANC visits. Twenty-five percent of the variability in having at least four ANC visits was accounted for by region of living. The spatial analysis found that the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples region had high clusters of at least four ANC visits. Furthermore, the coefficients of having the first ANC visit during the first trimester were estimated to have spatial variations in the use of at least four ANC visits. There were significant variations in the use of ANC services across the different regions of Ethiopia. Region of living and distance were key drivers of ANC use underscoring the need for increased ANC availability, particularly in the cold spot regions.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 02-2021
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2020-044618
Abstract: The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evidence on risk factors for transmission, disease severity and COVID-19 related deaths in Africa. A systematic review has been conducted to synthesise existing evidence on risk factors affecting COVID-19 outcomes across Africa. Data were systematically searched from MEDLINE, Scopus, MedRxiv and BioRxiv. Studies for review were included if they were published in English and reported at least one risk factor and/or one health outcome. We included all relevant literature published up until 11 August 2020. We performed a systematic narrative synthesis to describe the available studies for each outcome. Data were extracted using a standardised Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction form. Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria of which four were exclusively on Africa and the remaining 11 papers had a global focus with some data from Africa. Higher rates of infection in Africa are associated with high population density, urbanisation, transport connectivity, high volume of tourism and international trade, and high level of economic and political openness. Limited or poor access to healthcare are also associated with higher COVID-19 infection rates. Older people and in iduals with chronic conditions such as HIV, tuberculosis and anaemia experience severe forms COVID-19 leading to hospitalisation and death. Similarly, high burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, high prevalence of tobacco consumption and low levels of expenditure on health and low levels of global health security score contribute to COVID-19 related deaths. Demographic, institutional, ecological, health system and politico-economic factors influenced the spectrum of COVID-19 infection, severity and death. We recommend multidisciplinary and integrated approaches to mitigate the identified factors and strengthen effective prevention strategies.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-08-2017
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 30-04-2018
DOI: 10.29024/AOGH.23
Start Date: 2010
End Date: 11-2018
Amount: $689,594.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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