ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8257-6764
Current Organisation
University of St Andrews
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-1993
DOI: 10.1007/BF01349561
Publisher: Oxford University PressOxford
Date: 21-10-2010
DOI: 10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780199265176.003.0005
Abstract: There is widespread acknowledgement that the law of non-contradiction (LNC) is an important logical principle. However, there is less-than-universal agreement on exactly what the law amounts to. This lack of clarity is brought to light by the emergence of paraconsistent logics in which contradictions are tolerated: from the point of view of proofs, not everything need follow from a contradiction. From the point of view of models, there are ‘worlds’ in which contradictions are true. In this sense, the LNC is violated in these logics. However, in many paraconsistent logics, statement & (A & & A) (it is not the case that A and not-A) is still provable. In this sense, the LNC is upheld. This chapter attempts to clarify the different readings of the LNC, in particular taking cues from the tradition of relevant logics. A further guiding principle will be the natural duality between the LNC and rejection on the one hand and the law of the excluded middle and acceptance on the other.
Publisher: Philosophy Documentation Center
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1002/THT3.201
Abstract: Graham Priest defends the use of a nonmonotonic logic, LPm, in his analysis of reasoning in the face of true contradictions, such as those arising from the paradoxes of self-reference. In the course of defending this choice of logic in the face of the criticism that this logic is not truth preserving, Priest argued (2012) that requirement is too much to ask: since LPm is a nonmonotonic logic, it necessarily fails to preserve truth. In this article, I show that this assumption is incorrect, and I explain why nonmonotonic logics can nonetheless be truth preserving. Finally, I diagnose Priest’s error, to explain when nonmonotonic logics do indeed fail to preserve truth.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2012
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 15-06-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-05-2012
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 21-06-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1997
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 08-09-2012
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-02-2015
Publisher: European Respiratory Society
Date: 28-09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Abstract: Pediatric asthma lacks sensitive objective measures for asthma monitoring. The forced oscillation technique (FOT) offers strong feasibility across the pediatric age range, but relationships between FOT parameter day-to-day variability and pediatric asthma severity and control are unknown. Day-to-day variability in FOT respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and respiratory system reactance (Xrs) compared with peak expiratory flow (PEF) were defined in 22 children with asthma (mean ± SD age, 10.4 ± 1.1 years) during a 5-day asthma c . FOT was performed at 6 Hz in triplicate on each test occasion. Relationships between day-to-day FOT variability (expressed as within-subject SD [SDW] and asthma control and severity (defined according to GINA [Global Initiative for Asthma] recommendations) were explored. For comparison, normal baseline FOT values and variability, measured on two occasions, were defined in a separate cohort of 38 healthy children (age, 9.5 ± 1.0 years). Day-to-day Rrs variability was greater in persistent (n = 16) vs intermittent (n = 6) asthma (mean SDW, 0.69 cm H2O/L/s vs 0.39 cm H2O/L/s P ≤ .01). Day-to-day Rrs variability was increased in uncontrolled (n = 13) vs partly controlled asthma (n = 9) (mean SDW, 0.75 cm H2O/L/s vs 0.42 cm H2O/L/s P ≤ .05). PEF variability did not differentiate the groups. Day-to-day variability of Rrs and Xrs but not baseline values were increased in children with asthma vs control children (Rrs mean SDW, 0.61 cm H2O/L/s vs 0.33 cm H2O/L/s [P ≤ .05] Xrs mean SDW, 0.24 cm H2O/L/s vs 0.15 cm H2O/L/s [P ≤ .05]). Increased day-to-day FOT variability exists in school-aged children with asthma. Day-to-day Rrs variability was associated with asthma severity and asthma control. FOT may be a useful objective monitoring tool in pediatric asthma and warrants further study. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry No.: ACTRN12614000885695 URL: www.anzctr.org.au.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-04-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2016
DOI: 10.1111/IMJ.13166
Abstract: Severe asthma is a high impact disease. Omalizumab targets the allergic inflammatory pathway however, effectiveness data in a population with significant comorbidities are limited. To describe severe allergic asthma, omalizumab treatment outcomes and predictors of response among the Australian Xolair Registry participants. A web-based post-marketing surveillance registry was established to characterise the use, effectiveness and adverse effects of omalizumab (Xolair) for severe allergic asthma. Participants (n = 192) (mean age 51 years, 118 female) with severe allergic asthma from 21 clinics in Australia were assessed, and 180 received omalizumab therapy. They had poor asthma control (Asthma Control Questionnaire, ACQ-5, mean score 3.56) and significant quality of life impairment (Asthma-related Quality of Life Questionnaire score 3.57), and 52% were using daily oral corticosteroid (OCS). Overall, 95% had one or more comorbidities (rhinitis 48%, obesity 45%, cardiovascular disease 23%). The omalizumab responder rate, assessed by an improvement of at least 0.5 in ACQ-5, was high at 83%. OCS use was significantly reduced. The response in participants with comorbid obesity and cardiovascular disease was similar to those without these conditions. Baseline ACQ-5 ≥ 2.0 (P = 0.002) and older age (P = 0.05) predicted the magnitude of change in ACQ-5 in response to omalizumab. Drug-related adverse events included anaphylactoid reactions (n = 4), headache (n = 2) and chest pains (n = 1). Australian patients with severe allergic asthma report a high disease burden and have extensive comorbidity. Symptomatic response to omalizumab was high despite significant comorbid disease. Omalizumab is an effective targeted therapy for severe allergic asthma with comorbidity in a real-life setting.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1993
DOI: 10.1007/BF00990117
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 31-08-2023
Publisher: Uniwersytet Lodzki (University of Lodz)
Date: 25-06-2023
DOI: 10.18778/0138-0680.2023.6
Abstract: Natural deduction with alternatives extends Gentzen–Prawitz-style natural deduction with a single structural addition: negatively signed assumptions, called alternatives. It is a mildly bilateralist, single-conclusion natural deduction proof system in which the connective rules are unmodified from the usual Prawitz introduction and elimination rules—the extension is purely structural. This framework is general: it can be used for (1) classical logic, (2) relevant logic without distribution, (3) affine logic, and (4) linear logic, keeping the connective rules fixed, and varying purely structural rules.The key result of this paper is that the two principles that introduce kinds of irrelevance to natural deduction proofs: (a) the rule of explosion (from a contradiction, anything follows) and (b) the structural rule of vacuous discharge are shown to be two sides of a single coin, in the same way that they correspond to the structural rule of weakening in the sequent calculus. The paper also includes a discussion of assumption classes, and how they can play a role in treating additive connectives in substructural natural deduction.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF01048529
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2010
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 1994
Publisher: European Respiratory Society
Date: 15-09-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2005
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 07-2002
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2000
Publisher: Oxford University PressOxford
Date: 04-06-2010
DOI: 10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780199285495.003.0022
Abstract: According to the ‘knowability thesis’, every truth is knowable. Fitch's paradox refutes the knowability thesis by showing that if we are not omniscient, then not only are some truths not known, but there are some truths that are not knowable. This chapter proposes a weakening of the knowability thesis (called the ‘conjunctive knowability thesis’) to the effect that for every truth p there is a collection of truths such that (i) each of them is knowable and (ii) their conjunction is equivalent to p. It shows that the conjunctive knowability thesis avoids triviality arguments against it, and that it fares very differently depending on another thesis connecting knowledge and possibility. If there are two propositions, inconsistent with one another, but both knowable, then the conjunctive knowability thesis is trivially true. On the other hand, if knowability entails truth, the conjunctive knowability thesis is coherent, but only if the logic of possibility is weak.
Publisher: Oxford University PressOxford
Date: 24-11-2006
DOI: 10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780199288403.001.0001
Abstract: Consequence is at the heart of logic an account of consequence, of what follows from what, offers a vital tool in the evaluation of arguments. Since philosophy itself proceeds by way of argument and inference, a clear view of what logical consequence amounts to is of central importance to the whole discipline of philosophy. This book presents and defends what it calls logical pluralism, arguing that the notion of logical consequence does not pin down one deductive consequence relation it allows for many of them. In particular, the book argues that broadly classical, intuitionistic, and relevant accounts of deductive logic are genuine logical consequence relations we should not search for one true logic, since there are many. The book's conclusions have profound implications for many linguists as well as for philosophers.
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2012
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 1994
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-2001
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 12-2005
Abstract: In this paper we introduce a new natural deduction system for the logic of lattices, and a number of extensions of lattice logic with different negation connectives. We provide the class of natural deduction proofs with both a standard inductive definition and a global graph-theoretical criterion for correctness, and we show how normalisation in this system corresponds to cut elimination in the sequent calculus for lattice logic. This natural deduction system is inspired both by Shoesmith and Smiley's multiple conclusion systems for classical logic and Girard's proofnets for linear logic.
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 06-1992
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-06-2009
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1998
Publisher: American Thoracic Society
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-08-2019
DOI: 10.1002/PPUL.24456
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 18-08-2010
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2004
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-07-2016
DOI: 10.1111/CEA.12774
Abstract: Omalizumab (Xolair) dosing in severe allergic asthma is based on serum IgE and bodyweight. In Australia, patients eligible for omalizumab but exceeding recommended ranges for IgE (30-1500 IU/mL) and bodyweight (30-150 kg) may still receive a ceiling dose of 750 mg/4 weeks. About 62% of patients receiving government-subsidized omalizumab are enrolled in the Australian Xolair Registry (AXR). To determine whether AXR participants above the recommended dosing ranges benefit from omalizumab and to compare their response to within-range participants. Data were stratified according to dose range status (above-range or within-range). Further sub-analyses were conducted according to the reason for being above the dosing range (IgE only vs. IgE and weight). Data for 179 participants were analysed. About 55 (31%) were above recommended dosing criteria other characteristics were similar to within-range participants. Above-range participants had higher baseline IgE [812 (IQR 632, 1747) IU/mL vs. 209 (IQR 134, 306) IU/mL] and received higher doses of omalizumab [750 (IQR 650, 750) mg] compared to within-range participants [450 (IQR, 300, 600) mg]. At 6 months, improvements in Juniper 5-item Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-5, 3.61 down to 2.01 for above-range, 3.47 down to 1.93 for within-range, P < 0.0001 for both) and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ mean score (3.22 up to 4.41 for above-range, 3.71 up to 4.88 for within-range, P < 0.0001) were observed in both groups. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV Patients with severe allergic asthma above recommended dosing criteria for omalizumab have significantly improved symptom control, quality of life and lung function to a similar degree to within-range participants, achieved without dose escalation above 750 mg.
Publisher: Acumen Publishing Limited
Date: 05-12-2011
Publisher: Acumen Publishing Limited
Date: 05-12-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-05-2006
Publisher: Philosophy Documentation Center
Date: 2009
Publisher: European Respiratory Society
Date: 28-09-2019
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 25-09-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 13-07-2022
DOI: 10.1017/S1755020322000272
Abstract: We present a new frame semantics for positive relevant and substructural propositional logics. This frame semantics is both a generalisation of Routley–Meyer ternary frames and a simplification of them. The key innovation of this semantics is the use of a single accessibility relation to relate collections of points to points. Different logics are modeled by varying the kinds of collections used: they can be sets, multisets, lists or trees. We show that collection frames on trees are sound and complete for the basic positive distributive substructural logic $\\mathsf {B}^+$ , that collection frames on multisets are sound and complete for $\\mathsf {RW}^+$ (the relevant logic $\\mathsf {R}^+$ , without contraction, or equivalently, positive multiplicative and additive linear logic with distribution for the additive connectives), and that collection frames on sets are sound for the positive relevant logic $\\mathsf {R}^+$ . The completeness of set frames for $\\mathsf {R}^+$ is, currently, an open question.
Publisher: European Respiratory Society (ERS)
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00011-2017
Abstract: Functional residual capacity (FRC) accuracy is essential for deriving multiple-breath nitrogen washout (MBNW) indices, and is the basis for device validation. Few studies have compared existing MBNW devices. We evaluated in vitro and in vivo FRC using two commercial MBNW devices, the Exhalyzer D (EM) and the EasyOne Pro LAB (ndd), and an in-house device (Woolcock in-house device, WIMR). FRC measurements were performed using a novel syringe-based lung model and in adults (20 healthy and nine with asthma), followed by plethysmography (FRC pleth ). The data were analysed using device-specific software. Following the results seen with ndd, we also compared its standard clinical software (ndd v.2.00) with a recent upgrade (ndd v.2.01). WIMR and EM fulfilled formal in vitro FRC validation recommendations ( % of FRC within 5% of known volume). Ndd v.2.00 underestimated in vitro FRC by %. Reanalysis using ndd v.2.01 reduced this to 11%, with 36% of measurements ≤5%. In vivo differences from FRC pleth (mean± sd ) were 4.4±13.1%, 3.3±11.8%, −20.6±11% (p .0001) and −10.5±10.9% (p=0.005) using WIMR, EM, ndd v.2.00 and ndd v.2.01, respectively. Direct device comparison highlighted important differences in measurement accuracy. FRC discrepancies between devices were larger in vivo , compared to in vitro results however, the pattern of difference was similar. These results represent progress in ongoing standardisation efforts.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-04-2009
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-02-2023
DOI: 10.1093/MIND/FZAB092
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2004
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-02-2014
DOI: 10.1002/PPUL.23012
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-04-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1993
DOI: 10.1007/BF01057653
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Publisher: Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika/Nicolaus Copernicus University
Date: 19-10-2017
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2006
Publisher: American Thoracic Society
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 18-12-2018
DOI: 10.1017/S175502031800031X
Abstract: In this paper, I motivate a cut free sequent calculus for classical logic with first order quantification, allowing for singular terms free of existential import. Along the way, I motivate a criterion for rules designed to answer Prior’s question about what distinguishes rules for logical concepts, like conjunction from apparently similar rules for putative concepts like Prior’s tonk , and I show that the rules for the quantifiers—and the existence predicate—satisfy that condition.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-06-2022
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 10-1997
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 24-11-2011
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-1996
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2011
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 05-12-2014
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 05-12-2014
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 2005
End Date: 2007
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2010
End Date: 2012
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2015
End Date: 2020
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 2021
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2003
End Date: 2005
Funder: Australian Research Council
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