ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9110-7054
Current Organisations
Norwegian Institute for Water Research
,
UNSW Sydney
,
Neuroscience Research Australia
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Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2011
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-02-2019
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JNATPROD.8B01038
Abstract: Small, single-celled planktonic cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in the world's oceans yet tend not to be perceived as secondary metabolite-rich organisms. Here we report the isolation and structure elucidation of hierridin C, a minor metabolite obtained from the cultured picocyanobacterium Cyanobium sp. LEGE 06113. We describe a simple, straightforward synthetic route to the scarcely produced hierridins that relies on a key regioselective halogenation step. In addition, we show that these compounds originate from a type III PKS pathway and that similar biosynthetic gene clusters are found in a variety of bacterial genomes, most notably those of the globally distributed picocyanobacteria genera Prochlorococcus, Cyanobium and Synechococcus.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-07-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1002/ALZ.12828
Abstract: There are limited data on prevalence of dementia in centenarians and near‐centenarians (C/NC), its determinants, and whether the risk of dementia continues to rise beyond 100. Participant‐level data were obtained from 18 community‐based studies ( N = 4427) in 11 countries that included in iduals ≥95 years. A harmonization protocol was applied to cognitive and functional impairments, and a meta‐analysis was performed. The mean age was 98.3 years (SD = 2.67) 79% were women. After adjusting for age, sex, and education, dementia prevalence was 53.2% in women and 45.5% in men, with risk continuing to increase with age. Education (OR 0.95 .92–0.98) was protective, as was hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 0.51 .35–0.74) in five studies. Dementia was not associated with diabetes, vision and hearing impairments, smoking, and body mass index (BMI). Among the exceptional old, dementia prevalence remains higher in the older participants. Education was protective against dementia, but other factors for dementia‐free survival in C/NC remain to be understood.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-05-2020
Abstract: We aimed to examine the relationship between Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE*4) carriage on cognitive decline, and whether these associations were moderated by sex, baseline age, ethnicity, and vascular risk factors. Participants were 19,225 in iduals aged 54–103 years from 15 longitudinal cohort studies with a mean follow-up duration ranging between 1.2 and 10.7 years. Two-step in idual participant data meta-analysis was used to pool results of study-wise analyses predicting memory and general cognitive decline from carriage of one or two APOE*4 alleles, and moderation of these associations by age, sex, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity. Separate pooled estimates were calculated in both men and women who were younger (ie, 62 years) and older (ie, 80 years) at baseline. Results showed that APOE*4 carriage was related to faster general cognitive decline in women, and faster memory decline in men. A stronger dose-dependent effect was observed in older men, with faster general cognitive and memory decline in those carrying two versus one APOE*4 allele. Vascular risk factors were related to an increased effect of APOE*4 on memory decline in younger women, but a weaker effect of APOE*4 on general cognitive decline in older men. The relationship between APOE*4 carriage and memory decline was larger in older-aged Asians than Whites. In sum, APOE*4 is related to cognitive decline in men and women, although these effects are enhanced by age and carriage of two APOE*4 alleles in men, a higher numbers of vascular risk factors during the early stages of late adulthood in women, and Asian ethnicity.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-02-2018
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 29-04-2023
DOI: 10.1177/10298649231167488
Abstract: Music preferences have consistently been found to follow a five-factor structure (i.e., Mellow, Unpretentious, Sophisticated, Intense, and Contemporary, in short MUSIC), in the West. These factors are associated, in turn, with the Big Five personality traits. However, the stability of this structure and its association with personality in non-Western cultures are underexplored. Moreover, behavioral traits other than personality traits might relate to music preferences. High systemizing traits, as often seen in people with autism, tend to be associated with a preference for Intense music. However, whether this generalizes to autistic traits in the general population remains unclear. The current study therefore attempted to examine the five-factor MUSIC model and test its association with Big Five personality traits and autistic traits in an online study of Malaysians. A total of 444 participants, of whom 59.7% were of Chinese ethnicity, rated their preference for 50 brief musical excerpts and completed the Ollen Musical Sophistication Index, the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, and the Autism-Spectrum Quotient-28. The original MUSIC model was partially replicated with virtually identical Sophisticated and Intense factors. However, once age, gender, and musical sophistication were controlled for, most of the previously reported associations between Big Five personality traits and music preferences were not found. Instead of a positive association between autistic traits and Intense music, a negative association was found between autistic traits and Contemporary music. These findings partially support the validity of the MUSIC model in Malaysia and highlight the importance of undertaking research on music preferences in non-Western contexts.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 30-08-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1037/PMU0000207
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 20-12-2016
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 19-06-2023
DOI: 10.1017/S1355771823000250
Abstract: Perceived relationships between timbres are critical in electroacoustic music. Most studies assume timbres have fixed inter-relationships, but we tested whether distinct tasks change these. Thirty short sounds were used, from five categories: acoustic instruments, impulse responses, convolutions of the preceding, environmental sounds and computer-manipulated instrumental sounds. In Task 1, 46 non-musicians formed a ‘cohesive’ sonic ordering of unlabelled icons (sounds attached). In Task 2, they categorised the icons into four boxes. In Task 3 listeners separately ordered the sounds from each of Task 2’s boxes using the approach of Task 1. Tasks 1 and 2/3 revealed distinct orderings, consistent with conceptual flexibility. To analyse the orderings, we replaced conventional distance by adjacency measures, and described each system as a network (rather than spatial positions), confirming that the two task outcomes were distinct. Network analyses also showed that the two systems were mechanistically distinct and allowed us to predict temporally changing networks, modelling the observed networks as successive perceptions. Further simulated networks generated with the temporal model readily encompassed all possible pairings between the sounds and not just those we observed. The temporal network model thus confirms conceptual flexibility even in untrained listeners, clearly suitable for a composer to use.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-09-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-06-2016
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 17-05-2019
Abstract: While near-centenarians (95–99) and centenarians are the fastest growing sectors of the population in many countries, few studies have investigated their psychological health. We aimed to compare levels of psychological distress and life satisfaction in in iduals aged 95 or above (95+) with younger age groups and identify the factors associated with psychological distress and life satisfaction in near-centenarians and centenarians. We assessed the physical, cognitive, social and psychological health of 207 participants aged 95+ in the Sydney Centenarian Study. Psychological distress and life satisfaction were rated on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and Satisfaction with Life Scale, respectively. Cross-sectional univariate comparisons were performed with participants aged 70–90 years from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. Factors associated with psychological distress and life satisfaction among Sydney Centenarian Study participants were examined using multiple regression analyses. In Sydney Centenarian Study and Memory and Ageing Study, mean K10 scores were 15.3 (±5.9) and 13.4 (±3.6), and clinical levels of psychological distress (K10 ⩾ 20) were 19% and 7%, respectively. Sydney Centenarian Study participants demonstrated significantly higher levels and rates of psychological distress ( t = 3.869, p 0.001 χ 2 = 27.331, p 0.001). In Sydney Centenarian Study, more psychotropic medications and having fewer relatives and friends were associated with higher psychological distress. Sydney Centenarian Study participants reported significantly higher levels of life satisfaction than Memory and Ageing Study participants, mean scores 6.0 (±1.5) and 5.6 (±1.3) t = 5.835, p 0.001. Lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores and having fewer relatives and friends were associated with lower life satisfaction in Sydney Centenarian Study. Despite showing higher levels of psychological distress in the prior 4 weeks than younger age groups, near-centenarians and centenarians remained highly satisfied with their overall lives. The identification of risk and protective factors for psychological distress and life satisfaction provides opportunities for interventions to maintain good psychological health in this vulnerable population.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 29-07-2019
DOI: 10.1017/S1041610219000802
Abstract: Current research on the psychological health of near-centenarians (95−99 years old) and centenarians remains limited. Existing studies have mainly characterized their physical, cognitive, and social health. Results on the anxiety and depression of near-centenarians and centenarians (more than 95 years old) have been mixed with some studies, finding higher rates of anxiety and depression among those older than 95 years and others reporting no difference in rates compared with younger age groups. This study aims to synthesize the existing literature on the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression in near-centenarians and centenarians. A systematic review was conducted using Ovid Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane database. Common and conflicting findings among the literature were examined. Thirty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Six studies examined the prevalence and predictors of anxiety, and 37 studies investigated the prevalence and predictors of depression. Five studies examined both anxiety and depression in the same s le. Prevalence data on anxiety and depression varied significantly, as did comparisons with rates in younger populations. Findings on predictors of anxiety and depression were contradictory. There is a large degree of heterogeneity among studies of centenarians’ psychological status. Findings conflict on the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression and rates compared with younger age groups. Variation in findings may result from the different inclusion criteria, s ling methods, and measurement tools. Better harmonization of centenarian study methodologies may improve consistency of findings to aid in developing clinical interventions.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1891197
Abstract: Results from studies investigating life satisfaction, positive affect and happiness of near-centenarians (95+) and centenarians are inconsistent. This is the first systematic review to summarise the extant literature on the subjective well-being of this unique age group. Seven electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science and the Cochrane database for systematic reviews) were systematically searched. Subjective well-being was defined as life satisfaction, positive affect and happiness. A narrative synthesis of relevant articles was undertaken. Of 28 studies eligible for inclusion in this review, 20 predominantly examined life satisfaction, 11 positive affect and 4 happiness. Sex and other demographic variables were not significant predictors of subjective well-being. In contrast, greater perceived health was significantly associated with higher levels of life satisfaction and positive affect. Fatigue and visual impairment were significantly correlated with lower levels of life satisfaction and positive affect. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in the findings on physical, cognitive and social associations, mediators and moderators. The large discrepancy of results in the literature may be explained by methodological differences between studies. Centenarian research needs a clearer definition of life satisfaction, positive affect and happiness as their operationalisation is inconsistent. An international consortium of centenarian studies could facilitate cross-cultural comparisons on subjective well-being. Future research should be directed towards interventions that promote subjective well-being in the oldest-old.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 09-2022
DOI: 10.1037/PMU0000294
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: Portugal
No related grants have been discovered for Yvonne Leung.