ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8444-0190
Current Organisations
The University of Manitoba
,
The University of Auckland
,
University of Adelaide
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Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-12-2007
DOI: 10.1093/AJE/KWK043
Abstract: Evidence is growing that secondhand smoke can cause death from several diseases. The association between household exposure to secondhand smoke and disease-specific mortality was examined in two New Zealand cohorts of lifelong nonsmokers ("never smokers") aged 45-77 years. In idual census records from 1981 and 1996 were anonymously and probabilistically linked with mortality records from the 3 years that followed each census. Age- and ethnicity-standardized mortality rates were compared for never smokers with and without home exposure to secondhand smoke (based on the reported smoking behavior of other household members). Relative risk estimates adjusted for age, ethnicity, marital status, and socioeconomic position showed a significantly greater mortality risk for never smokers living in households with smokers, with excess mortality attributed to tobacco-related diseases, particularly ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, but not lung cancer. Adjusted relative risk estimates for all cardiovascular diseases were 1.19 (95% confidence interval: 1.04, 1.38) for men and 1.01 (95% confidence interval: 0.88, 1.16) for women from the 1981-1984 cohort, and 1.25 (95% confidence interval: 1.06, 1.47) for men and 1.35 (95% confidence interval: 1.11, 1.64) for women from the 1996-1999 cohort. Passive smokers also had nonsignificantly increased mortality from respiratory disease. Sensitivity analyses indicate that these findings are not due to misclassification bias.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-08-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-1999
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-04-2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 1994
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/23.4.818
Abstract: This study sought explanations for the proneness to respiratory events in young Australian children. Prospective respiratory symptom diaries on 836 children collected data on respiratory symptoms and episodes. Questionnaires to mothers and birth and pregnancy records provided 56 known and possible predictors which were tested against two summary respiratory outcomes in each of the first and second years of life. The two summary respiratory variables recorded for first and second year of life give four outcome variables. In fitting multivariate regression models to predict outcomes, use of child care in early childhood and mothers' experience of respiratory illness in the 12 months before birth were significant predictors for all four outcomes. Number of siblings was a predictor for three of the four outcomes. Sleep difficulty during pregnancy in the mother, and respiratory hospitalization of the infant in the first year, were significant predictors for both first-year outcomes. Unexpected and unexplained findings emerged for alcohol intake during pregnancy, passive smoking and breastfeeding in relation to the second year respiratory outcomes. Less than 9% of variance in outcome scores was explained in any of the four multiple regression models but this rose to between 24% and 31% when a corresponding score from the other year was added to the model. Proneness to respiratory illness is an important entity its determinants are largely unknown and events in pregnancy or the perinatal period explain only a small proportion of the between-infant variability.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-04-2018
DOI: 10.3390/SU10041124
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 09-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2018.05.011
Abstract: To date, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, mitigation strategies and the accompanying health co-benefits in different economic sectors have not been fully investigated. The purpose of this paper is to review comprehensively the evidence on GHG mitigation measures and the related health co-benefits, identify knowledge gaps, and provide recommendations to promote further development and implementation of climate change response policies. Evidence on GHG emissions, abatement measures and related health co-benefits has been observed at regional, national and global levels, involving both low- and high-income societies. GHG mitigation actions have mainly been taken in five sectors: energy generation, transport, food and agriculture, household and industry, consistent with the main sources of GHG emissions. GHGs and air pollutants to a large extent stem from the same sources and are inseparable in terms of their atmospheric evolution and effects on ecosystem thus, GHG reductions are usually, although not always, estimated to have cost effective co-benefits for public health. Some integrated mitigation strategies involving multiple sectors, which tend to create greater health benefits. The pros and cons of different mitigation measures, issues with existing knowledge, priorities for research, and potential policy implications were also discussed. Findings from this study can play a role not only in motivating large GHG emitters to make decisive changes in GHG emissions, but also in facilitating cooperation at international, national and regional levels, to promote GHG mitigation policies that protect public health from climate change and air pollution simultaneously.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-2007
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-1991
DOI: 10.1007/BF00052136
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 17-12-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2004
No related grants have been discovered for Douglas Cattani.