ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0878-7525
Current Organisations
Shandong University
,
National University of Singapore
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Publisher: Impact Journals, LLC
Date: 06-11-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-02-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-06-2014
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 22-10-2021
Abstract: Background: Multi-system physiological dysregulation (PD) may represent a biological endo-phenotype of clinical frailty. We investigated the co-occurrence of PD with physical frailty and its contributions to the known impact of frailty on adverse health outcomes. Methods: Data of 2,725 participants from the Singapore Longitudinal Aging Studies (SLAS-2), included baseline measures of physical frailty and PD derived from Mahalanobis distance (Dm) value of 23 blood biomarkers. We analyzed their concurrent association and their impacts on 9-year mortality, MMSE cognition, GDS depression, number of medications, disability, and hospitalization at baseline and follow up (mean 4.5 years). Results: Global PD (Log 10 Dm, mean = 1.24, SD = 0.24) was significantly but weakly associated with pre-frailty-and-frailty. Controlling for age, sex and education, pre-frailty-and-frailty (HR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.51–3.00) and PD (HR = 3.88, 95% CI = 2.15–6.98) predicted mortality. Together in the same model, mortality HR associated with pre-frailty-and-frailty (HR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.22–2.73) and PD (HR = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.60–5.85) were reduced after additionally adding global PD to the prediction model. The predictive accuracy for mortality were both approximately the same (PD: AUC = 0.62, frailty: AUC = 0.64), but AUC was significantly increased to 0.68 when combined ( p & 0.001). Taken into account in the same model, frailty remained significantly associated with all health and functional outcomes, and PD was significantly associated with only MMSE, disability and medications used. In secondary analyses, there were mixed associations of system-specific PDs with frailty and different adverse outcomes. Conclusions: Co-existing PD and physical frailty independently predict mortality and functional and health outcomes, with increased predictive accuracy when combined. PD appears to be a valid representation of a biological endo-phenotype of frailty, and the potential utility of such subclinical measures of frailty could be further studied.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 2012
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-01-2019
Abstract: Evidence suggests the pivotal contribution of nutrition as a modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia. The present cross-sectional study characterized the nutritional and metabolic profile of sarcopenia through an extensive exploration of a wide array of blood biomarkers related to muscle protein metabolism and transcriptomic signatures in community-dwelling elderly adults. Among 189 older in iduals with a mean age of 73.2 years, sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria based on appendicular lean mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, muscle strength, and gait speed. Nutritional status was evaluated using the mini-nutritional assessment (MNA). In addition, we assessed specific blood biomarkers of nutritional status (plasma essential amino acids [EAAs], vitamins), nicotine-derived metabolites, and an extensive microarray analysis from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Malnutrition defined by low MNA score was independently associated with sarcopenia (p < .001). Sarcopenic elderly showed lower body mass index and leptin and higher adiponectin and high-density lipoproteins. Levels of EAAs including lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, as well as branched-chain AAs and choline, were inversely associated with sarcopenia. Furthermore, nicotine metabolites (cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotine) and vitamin B6 status were linked to one or more clinical and functional measures of sarcopenia. Differentially expressed genes and ingenuity pathway analysis supported the association of nutrition with sarcopenia. Herein, the characterization of a nutritional and metabolic signature of sarcopenia provides a firm basis and potential identification of specific targets and directions for the nutritional approach to the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in aging populations.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 26-02-2021
Abstract: Lifelong accumulation of latent or persistent or repeated infections may be a contributing factor to the deterioration of physical and cognitive function associated with functional aging, but the evidence is limited and the biological underpinnings are unclear. We profiled the seropositivity for common viral, bacterial, and plasmodial pathogens of local importance in community-living older adults in 2 studies involving 745 older adults (mean age 67.0, SD: 7.7 years), and 142 older adults (mean age 72.7, SD: 8.3 years). Pathogen load was related to different sets of age-related physical and cognitive measures of functional aging and the Frailty Index (FI), and plasma levels of biomarkers of inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, and other physiological functions. High pathogen load was associated with impaired gait speed (GS p & .015), functional mobility (performance-oriented mobility assessment [POMA] p & .029), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] p & .05), and increased FI p & .05). High pathogen load was significantly associated with C3a complement activity (p & .001), matrix metalloproteinase-7, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (p & .05), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (p = .028). Blood biomarkers did not fully explain the observed association between pathogen load and functional aging measures. This study provides novel evidence linking lifelong cumulated numbers of latent, persistent, or repeated infection to functional aging, plausibly via inflammatory and immune and other biological factors.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-02-2023
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0282009
Abstract: Clinicians are expected to provide accurate and useful mental health assessments, sometimes in emergency settings. The most urgent challenge may be in calculating suicide risk. Unfortunately, existing instruments often fail to meet requirements. To address this situation, we used a sustainable scale development approach to create a publicly available Suicidality Scale (SS). Following a critical review of current measures, community input, and panel discussions, an international item pool survey included 5,115 English-speaking participants aged 13–82 years. Revisions were tested with two follow-up cross-sectional surveys ( N s = 814 and 626). Pool items and SS versions were critically examined through item response theory, hierarchical cluster, factor and bifactor analyses, resulting in a unidimensional eight-item scale. Psychometric properties were high (loadings .77 discrimination 2.2 test-retest r = .87 internal consistency, ω = .96). Invariance checks were satisfied for age, gender, ethnicity, rural/urban residence, first language, self-reported psychiatric diagnosis and suicide attempt history. The SS showed stronger psychometric properties, and significant differences in bivariate associations with depressive symptoms, compared with included suicide measures. The ‘open source’ Suicidality Scale represents a significant step forward in accurate assessment for people aged 13+, and erse populations. This study provides an ex le of sustainable scale development utilizing community input, emphasis on strong psychometric evidence from erse s les, and a free-to-use license allowing instrument revisions. These methods can be used to develop a wide variety of psychosocial instruments that can benefit clinicians, researchers, and the public.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 24-10-2018
No related grants have been discovered for Yanxia Lu.