ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3330-1216
Current Organisation
Edith Cowan University
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Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-12-2018
Abstract: The constituent year effect, a source of relative age disparities, in masters sport has been demonstrated mainly amongst North American s les. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether a participation-related constituent year effect exists among athletes (n = 6492) competing in Australian Masters Athletics competitions between 2000 and 2014. The results indicated that a participation-related constituent year effect was observed as the likelihood of participating was significantly higher for masters athletes in their first and second constituent year of any five-year age category (p 0.0001) and was lower when they were in the fourth or fifth constituent year. The results also indicated this effect is influenced by gender and age. Specifically, the effect was significant for both male (p 0.0001) and female (p 0.001) masters athletes as well during the third, sixth, seventh, and eighth + decades of life (all ps 0.001). These data demonstrate that despite masters sport being an avenue for promotion of participation and overall health, there is potential for improving how competitive organizational strategies are implemented given the recurring intermittent patterns of participation associated with five-year age brackets which are likely to compromise benefits.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2009
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 12-2008
Abstract: Researchers have contended that patterns of age-related decline are not necessarily due to age, but rather to disuse, or declining practice (Bortz, 1982 Ericsson, 2000 Maharam, Bauman, Kalman, Skolnik, & Perle, 1999). A regression approach was used to examine age and training variables as predictors of 10-km running performance between 40 and 59 years of age. A s le of 30 Masters runners ( M age = 50.1 years, M 10-km time = 39:19) reported data for ongoing training, cumulative running in the past 5 years, and cumulative running earlier in a career. In Analysis 1, ongoing training variables explained more variance in performance than age alone, and reduced the unique variance attributable to age in a combined model. In Analysis 2, findings were replicated using past cumulative running variables and age running in the past 5 years explained more unique variance than age alone. Discussion focuses on how findings relate to the selective maintenance account (Kr e & Ericsson, 1996), how various aspects of training help to preserve performance in aging populations, and recommendations for future research.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2009
DOI: 10.1080/02640410903127630
Abstract: A relative age effect has been identified in Masters sports (Medic, Starkes, & Young, 2007). Since gender, age, and type of sport have been found to influence the relative age effect in youth sports (Musch & Grondin, 2001), we examined how these three variables influenced possible relative age effects among Masters swimmers and track and field athletes. Using archived data between 1996 and 2006, frequency of participation entries and record-setting performances at the US Masters ch ionships were examined as a function of an in idual's constituent year within any 5-year age category. Study 1 investigated the frequency of Master athletes who participated Study 2 examined the frequency of performance records that were set across constituent years within an age category, while accounting for the distribution of participation frequencies. Results showed that a participation-related relative age effect in Masters sports is stronger for males, that it becomes progressively stronger with each successive decade of life, and that it does not differ across track and field and swimming. In addition, a performance-related relative age effect in Masters sport seems to be stronger for swimming than track and field, but it does not differ across gender and decades of life.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2007
DOI: 10.1080/02640410601110128
Abstract: Although the relative age effect has been widely observed in youth sports (Musch & Grondin, 2001), it is unclear whether it generalizes across the lifespan. The purpose of this study was to examine the relative age effect among a population of Masters athletes using archived data. Two successive studies examined the frequency of record-setting achievements (Study 1) and the frequency of participation entries (Study 2) at the US Masters track-and-field and swimming ch ionships as a function of an in idual's constituent year within any 5-year age category. Results of Study 1 indicated that the probability of setting a record increased if Masters athletes were in the first year, and decreased if they were in the third, fourth or fifth year, of an age category. Results of Study 2 indicated that the likelihood of participating in the National ch ionships increased if Masters athletes were in the first or second year, and decreased if they were in the fourth or fifth year, of an age category. We highlight and discuss potential advantages afforded to Masters athletes who are relatively younger than their peers in the same 5-year age category.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-12-2007
DOI: 10.1080/03610730701761924
Abstract: In the face of remarkable aging trends in North American society, organized sport hysical activity is an important vehicle for promoting physical health, and a domain in which long-term participation might mitigate pessimistic trends for age decline. This investigation examined patterns of age-related decline in performance for 45 Masters runners who rigorously trained continuously for at least a decade. Longitudinal data for age and performance were collected for 200 m, 1500 m, and 10 km events retrospectively across participants' careers. Cross-sectional (CS) data representing normal patterns of aging were derived from online archives. Longitudinal data reflected within-participant training effects whereas CS data did not. Second-order regression analyses were performed separately for each data type and quadratic beta coefficients, indicative of accelerated age decline, were compared for CS and longitudinal s les on a within-event basis. Results showed evidence of accelerated decline with advancing age for both s les, although rates for longitudinal s les were moderated for the 200 m and 1500 m events. Findings for the long-distance event were anomalous. Results provide evidence for moderated age-decline in physical performance measures for in iduals who sustain engagement in organized sport for lengthy periods. Discussion focuses on methodological considerations for advancing future research that contrasts CS and longitudinal s les, and the importance of encouraging sport involvement opportunities to aging in iduals.
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 10-09-2010
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 27-10-2009
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 02-2020
Abstract: Inequalities in relative age distribution have previously been demonstrated to influence participation and performance achievements in Masters athletes. The purpose of the present study was to examine the participation- and performance-related constituent year effect among Masters athletes ( N = 2,474) from the European Masters Track and Field Ch ionships across subdisciplines and age. The results indicated that a participation-related constituent year effect was observed. The likelihood of participation was significantly higher for athletes in their first year of any 5-year age category (χ 2 = 149.8, p .001) and decreased significantly when they were in the fourth or fifth year. The results also indicated a performance-related constituent year effect. Masters athletes in their first year won significantly more medals than expected based on observed participation rate (χ 2 = 23.39, p .001). We compare our results with the existing literature and discuss potential mechanisms for this constituent year effect.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 30-06-2014
Publisher: Coimbra University Press
Date: 2011
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003254
Abstract: Guppy, SN, Brady, CJ, Kotani, Y, Stone, MH, Medic, N, and Haff, GG. Effect of altering body posture and barbell position on the within-session reliability and magnitude of force-time curve characteristics in the isometric midthigh pull. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3252–3262, 2019—A large degree of variation in the position used during isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) testing and conflicting results of the effects of these changes can be found in the literature. This study investigated the effect of altering body posture and barbell position on the reliability and magnitude of force-time characteristics generated during the IMTP. Seventeen strength-power athletes ( n = 11 males, height: 177.5 ± 7.0 cm, body mass: 90.0 ± 14.1 kg, age: 30.6 ± 10.4 years n = 6 females, height: 165.8 ± 11.4 cm body mass: 66.4 ± 13.9 kg, age: 30.8 ± 8.7 years) with greater than 6 months of training experience in the clean (1 repetition maximum: 118.5 ± 20.6 kg, 77.5 ± 10.4 kg) volunteered to undertake the experimental protocol. Subjects performed the IMTP using 4 combinations of hip and knee angles, and 2 different barbell positions. The first barbell position corresponded to the second pull of the clean, while the second rested at the midpoint between the iliac crest and the patella. Peak force (PF), time-specific force (F 50 , F 90 , F 150 , F 200 , and F 250 ), peak rate of force development (pRFD), and impulse (IMP) time bands were reliable in all 4 testing positions examined. Statistically greater PF, F 50 , F 90 , F 150 , F 200 , F 250 , pRFD, and IMP 0–50 , IMP 0–90 , IMP 0–150 , and IMP 0–200 were generated in a testing position corresponding to the second pull of the clean when compared with a bent over torso angle, regardless of the barbell position used. Moderate to large effect sizes favoring a testing position corresponding to the second pull were also found. Overall, when performing the IMTP, an upright torso and a barbell position that matches the second pull of the clean should be used.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 03-2015
Abstract: Physical activity in children and adolescents is on a decline trend. To this end, we conducted a matched-pair randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of a 4-week STAR (School-based Train-the-trainer Accessibility of resources Recreational) skipping programme. 1,386 schoolchildren from 20 primary and secondary schools were recruited. Schools were randomized into the experimental or wait-list control group. Participants self-reported their health-related quality of life using the KIDSCREEN-27. Accelerometers were used to measure the time a subgroup of participants (n = 480) spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during school hours on five consecutive days. Measures were taken at pre- and post-test. At post-test, students in the experimental group, compared to those in the control group, engaged in less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during school hours. Health-related quality of life from two groups of students was similar, but the experimental group reported higher levels of autonomy and parent relationships. Results suggested that although the intervention did not increase students’ physical activity levels, it slightly improved their health-related quality of life. Future studies should explore personal factors that might mediate the effect of the intervention.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-11-2018
Abstract: Seventeen strength and power athletes (n = 11 males, 6 females height: 177.5 ± 7.0 cm, 165.8 ± 11.4 cm body mass: 90.0 ± 14.1 kg, 66.4 ± 13.9 kg age: 30.6 ± 10.4 years, 30.8 ± 8.7 years), who regularly performed weightlifting movements during their resistance training programs, were recruited to examine the effect of altering body posture and barbell position on the between-session reliability of force-time characteristics generated in the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP). After participants were familiarised with the testing protocol, they undertook two testing sessions which were separated by seven days. In each session, the participants performed three maximal IMTP trials in each of the four testing positions examined, with the order of testing randomized. In each position, no significant differences were found between sessions for all force-time characteristics (p = .05). Peak force (PF), time-specific force (F50, F90, F150, F200, F250) and IMP time-bands (0–50, 0–90, 0–150, 0–200, 0–250 ms) were reliable across each of the four testing positions (ICC ≥ 0.7, CV ≤ 15%). Time to peak force, peak RFD, RFD time-bands (0–50, 0–90, 0–150, 0–200, 0–250 ms) and peak IMP were unreliable regardless of the testing position used (ICC = .7, CV = %). Overall, the use of body postures and barbell positions during the IMTP that do not correspond to the second pull of the clean have no adverse effect on the reliability of the force-time characteristics generated.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2010.520726
Abstract: Medic and colleagues (Medic, Starkes, & Young, 2007) found that relatively younger cohorts of Masters athletes had higher participation rates and achieved higher performances compared with a relatively older cohort. Considering that Medic and colleagues' (2007) study was cross-sectional in nature, the purpose of this investigation was to employ a retrospective longitudinal study design to examine the participation rates of Masters swimmers as a function of an in idual's constituent year within any 5-year age category over a period of 6 years. Using archived data from the 2003 to 2009 US Masters Short Course National Ch ionships, swimmers' attendance was followed for a period of six consecutive years. Results indicated that a participation-related relative age effect was observed among swimmers who, over a period of 6 years, competed in either at least one ch ionship (N = 2596 Cochran's Q₄ = 64.16, r(s) = -0.92, both P < 0.0001) or at least three ch ionships (N = 441 Cochran's Q₄ = 47.51, r(s) = -0.91, both P < 0.0001). Overall, effect size analyses indicated that the odds of a Masters swimmer participating in the ch ionship during the first constituent year of any 5-year age category was more than two times greater than the odds of that athlete participating during the fifth constituent year.
No related grants have been discovered for Nikola Medic.