ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0498-4209
Current Organisations
自然科学研究機構国立天文台/National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
,
University of Tokyo
,
RMIT University
,
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
,
Griffith University - Gold Coast Campus
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Publications
Mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin is associated with reduced platelet activation-related thrombogenesis and inflammation in Gilbert's syndrome
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-03-2017
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1280146
Abstract: Gilbert's syndrome (GS) is associated with a mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, increased circulating antioxidant capacity, and reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The current study investigated whether mildly elevated circulating unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is negatively associated with multiple thrombotic risk factors including platelet activity, hemostatic function, and inflammation in in iduals with GS. Blood s les were collected from matched GS and control subjects (14 per group). Activation-dependent platelet surface marker expression of PAC-1 (binds to GPIIb/IIIa surface receptors on activated platelets) and CD62P (marker for P-selectin released from activated degranulated platelets) was assessed in adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-stimulated platelets using flow cytometry. Exogenous agonists, ADP, collagen, and arachidonic acid (AA), were used to stimulate platelet aggregation. A statistically significant decrease in the expression of P-selectin (P = 0.030) on activated platelets was observed in GS subjects. Collagen and AA-induced platelet aggregation were significantly (P = 0.018 P = 0.032 for respective agonists) reduced in GS versus control group. Elevated UCB (P = 0.001) and high density lipoprotein (P = 0.033) in addition to reduced low density lipoprotein (P = 0.024) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (P = 0.043) were also observed in GS when compared to the control group. Reduced P-selectin expression suggests decreased platelet activation-dependent degranulation, while reduced platelet aggregation by AA and collagen indicates a quantitative decrease in platelet aggregation consequently targeting the cyclooxygenase-1 and GP VI pathways, respectively. These findings are the first to demonstrate that the activation of platelets is mildly inhibited in in iduals with GS, an effect that might contribute to protection from platelet hyperactivation-induced thrombosis and thus cardiovascular mortality in in iduals with benign hyperbilirubinemia.
Coagulation and bleeding disorders
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2020
Emerging Technologies and Work-Integrated Learning Experiences in Allied Health Education
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2018
Potential of anthocyanin as an anti-inflammatory agent: a human clinical trial on type 2 diabetic, diabetic at-risk and healthy adults
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-02-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S00011-021-01438-1
Abstract: The present research aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of dietary anthocyanin (ACN) in type 2 diabetic (T2D), T2D-at-risk and healthy in iduals. Furthermore, dietary inflammatory index (DII) was used to study the association of diet with biomarkers of inflammation. An open-label clinical trial was conducted at Griffith University investigating the efficacy of 320 mg ACN supplementation per day over the course of 4 weeks. Diabetes-associated inflammatory biomarkers and relevant biochemical and physical parameters were tested pre-and post-intervention, and participants' dietary inflammatory potential was estimated. A significant reduction in the pro-inflammatory biomarkers' interleukin-6, interleukin-18, and tumour necrosis factor-α was observed in the T2D group. In addition, some, but not all, biochemical parameters including fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and uric acid were significantly improved in T2D-at-risk group. Moreover, a significant difference was detected between the DII scores of the healthy and T2D groups. DII score for the T2D group was consistent with an anti-inflammatory diet. Anti-inflammatory potential of dietary ACN in T2D participants was evidenced in the present study. Although, anti-inflammatory dietary patterns of T2D participants may have accelerated the anti-inflammatory effect of the ACN capsules supplemented in this trial.
Metallicities of Classical Cepheids in the Inner Galactic Disk
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 09-2023
The Potential of Spent Coffee Grounds in Functional Food Development
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-02-2023
DOI: 10.3390/NU15040994
Abstract: Coffee is a popular and widely consumed beverage worldwide, with epidemiological studies showing reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, cancers and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, few studies have investigated the health effects of the post-brewing coffee product, spent coffee grounds (SCG), from either hot- or cold-brew coffee. SCG from hot-brew coffee improved metabolic parameters in rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome and improved gut microbiome in these rats and in humans further, SCG reduced energy consumption in humans. SCG contains similar bioactive compounds as the beverage including caffeine, chlorogenic acids, trigonelline, polyphenols and melanoidins, with established health benefits and safety for human consumption. Further, SCG utilisation could reduce the estimated 6–8 million tonnes of waste each year worldwide from production of coffee as a beverage. In this article, we explore SCG as a major by-product of coffee production and consumption, together with the potential economic impacts of health and non-health applications of SCG. The known bioactive compounds present in hot- and cold-brew coffee and SCG show potential effects in cardiovascular disease, cancer, liver disease and metabolic disorders. Based on these potential health benefits of SCG, it is expected that foods including SCG may moderate chronic human disease while reducing the environmental impact of waste otherwise dumped in landfill.
Potential Signature of Population III Pair-instability Supernova Ejecta in the BLR Gas of the Most Distant Quasar at z = 7.54*
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 28-09-2022
Abstract: The search for Population III stars has fascinated and eluded astrophysicists for decades. One promising place for capturing evidence of their presence must be high-redshift objects signatures should be recorded in their characteristic chemical abundances. We deduce the Fe and Mg abundances of the broadline region (BLR) from the intensities of ultraviolet Mg ii and Fe ii emission lines in the near-infrared spectrum of UKIDSS Large Area Survey (ULAS) J1342+0928 at z = 7.54, by advancing our novel flux-to-abundance conversion method developed for quasars up to z ∼ 3. We find that the BLR of this quasar is extremely enriched, by a factor of 20 relative to the solar Fe abundance, together with a very low Mg/Fe abundance ratio: [Fe/H] = +1.36 ± 0.19 and [Mg/Fe] =−1.11 ± 0.12, only 700 million years after the Big Bang. We conclude that such an unusual abundance feature cannot be explained by the standard view of chemical evolution that considers only the contributions from canonical supernovae. While there remains uncertainty in the high-mass end of the Population III initial mass function, here we propose that the larger amount of iron in ULAS J1342+0928 was supplied by a pair-instability supernova (PISN) caused by the explosion of a massive Population III star in the high-mass end of the possible range of 150–300 M ⊙ . Chemical evolution models based on initial PISN enrichment well explain the trend in [Mg/Fe]- z all the way from z 3 to z = 7.54. We predict that stars with very low [Mg/Fe] at all metallicities are hidden in the galaxy, and they will be efficiently discovered by ongoing new-generation photometric surveys.
Anthocyanins in berries exhibited anti-atherogenicity and antiplatelet activities in a metabolic syndrome population
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Relationship between Common Dietary Polyphenols and Obesity-Induced Inflammation
Publisher: Scientific and Academic Publishing
Date: 06-2015
Taurine in Lower Concentration Attenuates Platelet Activity
Publisher: Scientific and Academic Publishing
Date: 31-08-2012
Antioxidants as Functional Foods in Metabolic Syndrome
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0607-2.CH007
Abstract: In the recent years, there has been a great deal of attention in investigating the disease preventive properties of functional foods. Particularly, impact of the antioxidant property of functional foods in reducing the risk or progression of chronic diseases has gained considerable interest amongst researchers and practitioners. Free radicals such as reactive oxygen species are generated in the body by exposure to a number of physiochemical or pathological mechanisms. It is imperative to preserve a balance between the levels of free radicals and antioxidants for routine physiological function, a disparity of which would accelerate oxidative stress. Increased oxidative stress and associated consequences in metabolic disorders such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes has warranted the need for exogenous antioxidant concentrates derived from natural foods to alleviate the adverse effects. This chapter provides an overview on the efficacy of functional foods in reducing free radical-mediated damage in metabolic syndrome.
FORMATION OF ANOMALOUS GLOBULAR CLUSTERS WITH METALLICITY SPREADS: A UNIFIED PICTURE
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 27-10-2016
On the Chemical Abundances of Miras in Clusters: V1 in the Metal-rich Globular NGC 5927
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 06-03-2018
Digital Technologies for Teaching for Allied Healthcare Students and Future Directions
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3850-9.CH014
Abstract: Digital technologies are an integral component of the allied healthcare curricula, including dental technology, physiotherapy, pharmacy, nutrition, nursing, and laboratory medicine. Various digital technologies are implemented for the education of allied healthcare students. They have been used for curriculum design, engaging and facilitating the understanding of fundamental concepts in various disciplines, the development of active learning strategies, and designing critical thinking and clinical reasoning education. Online digital atlases and libraries provide flexible resources as study tools for students in the classroom and on industry placement. Adaptive digital learning, communication technologies, and virtual reality for teaching have become an essential component of the allied healthcare education. As students develop skills for their profession, the digital technologies have provided a platform for the documentation of their competencies and progress through industry placement, allowing academic staff to chart their progress and employers to assess the graduate competencies.
Increased release of serotonin from rat primary isolated adult cardiac myofibroblasts
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-10-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-99632-Y
Abstract: Elevated blood serotonin levels have been observed in patients with heart failure and serotonin has a role in pathological cardiac function. The serotonin receptor system was examined in adult rat isolated cardiac fibroblast and myofibroblast cells. This is one of the first studies that has investigated serotonin receptors and other proteins involved in the serotonin receptor system in rat cardiac fibroblast and myofibroblast cells. Rat primary cardiac fibroblasts were isolated and transformed into myofibroblasts using 5 ng/ml TGF-β1. Transformation of cells to myofibroblasts was confirmed with the presence of α-smooth muscle actin using Western blot. Serotonin metabolism and receptor protein expression was assessed using Western blot techniques and serotonin levels measured using ELISA. The 5-HT 1A , 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 2B receptors were found to be present in both rat cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblast cells, however no significance in protein expression between the two cell types was found ( P 0.05). In this study a significant increase in the serotonin transporter (SERT), tryptophan hydroxylase 1 and extracellular serotonin levels was observed in rat cardiac myofibroblasts when compared to fibroblasts ( P 0.05). These results suggest that serotonin levels may rise in parallel with cardiac myofibroblast populations and contribute to the pathogenesis of heart failure via serotonin receptors.
Consumption of anthocyanin-rich Queen Garnet plum juice reduces platelet activation related thrombogenesis in healthy volunteers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
THE ORIGIN OF DUST EXTINCTION CURVES WITH OR WITHOUT THE 2175 Å BUMP IN GALAXIES: THE CASE OF THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 27-08-2015
The effects of polyphenols in olive leaves on platelet function
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.NUMECD.2006.09.001
Abstract: The phenolic compounds of olive leaves and olive oils in the Mediterranean diet have been associated with a reduced incidence of heart disease. Accordingly, antioxidant-rich diets may prevent the deleterious effects of oxidative metabolism by scavenging free radicals, thus inhibiting oxidation and delaying atherosclerosis. The process involves phospholipase C activation and arachidonic acid metabolism, and is thought to reduce hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). In our study, an extract of Olea europaea L. leaves was used. The active phenolic compounds in this extract are part of the secoiridoid family, known for their capacity to scavenge H(2)O(2). The results from this study will help to improve our understanding of effects of polyphenol antioxidants in olive leaf extract on platelet function. Full blood examination (FBE), platelet aggregation, and ATP release were performed on s les from fasting, normal, healthy male subjects. Platelet function at increasing concentrations of oleuropein was investigated through measures of platelet aggregation and ATP release from activated platelets. Blood analysis (n=11) revealed a significant dose-dependant reduction in platelet activity with olive extract concentrations of 1.0% v/v (P<0.001). ATP Release showed a similar pattern (P=0.02). Olive leaf polyphenols derived from O. europaea L. leaves inhibited in vitro platelet activation in healthy, non-smoking males. Further bioavailability studies need to be undertaken to determine the in vivo effect of extract on platelet function and to validate the present results.
Biomarkers for the identification of cardiac fibroblast and myofibroblast cells
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2018
DOI: 10.1007/S10741-018-9720-1
Abstract: Experimental research has recognized the importance of cardiac fibroblast and myofibroblast cells in heart repair and function. In a normal healthy heart, the cardiac fibroblast plays a central role in the structural, electrical, and chemical aspects within the heart. Interestingly, the transformation of cardiac fibroblast cells to cardiac myofibroblast cells is suspected to play a vital part in the development of heart failure. The ability to differentiate between the two cells types has been a challenge. Myofibroblast cells are only expressed in the stressed or failing heart, so a better understanding of cell function may identify therapies that aid repair of the damaged heart. This paper will provide an outline of what is currently known about cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, the physiological and pathological roles within the heart, and causes for the transition of fibroblasts into myoblasts. We also reviewed the potential markers available for characterizing these cells and found that there is no single-cell specific marker that delineates fibroblast or myofibroblast cells. To characterize the cells of fibroblast origin, vimentin is commonly used. Cardiac fibroblasts can be identified using discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) while α-smooth muscle actin is used to distinguish myofibroblasts. A known cytokine TGF-β
A review of the mechanisms and effectiveness of dietary polyphenols in reducing oxidative stress and thrombotic risk
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-11-2014
DOI: 10.1111/JHN.12177
Abstract: Dietary sources of polyphenols, which are derivatives and/or isomers of flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, catechins and phenolic acids, possess antioxidant properties and therefore might be important in preventing oxidative-stress-induced platelet activation and attenuating adverse haemostatic function. Free radicals, including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, promote oxidative stress, leading to platelet hyperactivation and the risk of thrombosis. The consumption of antioxidant olyphenol rich foods might therefore impart anti-thrombotic and cardiovascular protective effects via their inhibition of platelet hyperactivation or aggregation. Most commonly-used anti-platelet drugs such as aspirin block the cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 pathway of platelet activation, similar to the action of antioxidants with respect to neutralising hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), with a similar effect on thromboxane production via the COX-1 pathway. Polyphenols also target various additional platelet activation pathways (e.g. by blocking platelet-ADP, collagen receptors) thus alleviating fibrinogen binding to platelet surface (GPIIb-IIIa) receptors, reducing further platelet recruitment for aggregation and inhibiting platelet degranulation. As a result of the ability of polyphenols to target additional pathways of platelet activation, they may have the potential to substitute or complement currently used anti-platelet drugs in sedentary, obese, pre-diabetic or diabetic populations who can be resistant or sensitive to pharmacological anti-platelet therapy.
The association between metabolic syndrome components and the development of atherosclerosis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-10-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41371-019-0273-0
Abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a collection of pathological conditions associated with metabolic, pro-inflammatory, and prothrombotic states. MetS plays an essential role in the atherosclerotic process with associated clustering of risk factors which can increase the risk of atherogenic damage. There is an association between MetS components and the progression of atherosclerosis, which is the leading cause of cardiovascular deaths. This review was undertaken to assess the potential role of metabolic syndrome components, including oxidative stress, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation, physical inactivity, and atherogenic diet in the progression of atherosclerosis based on existing research.
The effect of exercise and training status on platelet activation: Do cocoa polyphenols play a role?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1080/09537100600746953
Abstract: Sedentary and trained men respond differently to the same intensity of exercise, this is probably related to their platelet reactivity and antioxidant capacity. There is growing interest in the utilization of antioxidant-rich plant extracts as dietary food supplements. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an acute bout of sub maximal exercise on platelet count and differential response of platelet activation in trained and sedentary subjects and to observe if cocoa polyphenols reverse the effect of exercise on platelet function. The practical significance of this study was that many sedentary people engage in occasional strenuous exercise that may predispose them to risk of heart disease. Fasting blood s les were collected from 16 male subjects, pre and post 1-h cycling exercise at 70% of maximal aerobic power (VO2max) before and after consumption of cocoa or placebo. Agonist stimulated citrated whole blood was utilized for measuring platelet aggregation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release and platelet activation. Baseline platelet count (221 +/- 33 x 10(9)/L) and ATP release (1.4 +/- 0.6 nmol) increased significantly (P < 0.05) after exercise in all subjects. Baseline platelet numbers in the trained were higher (P < 0.05) than in the sedentary (235 +/- 37 vs. 208 +/- 34 x 10(9)/L), where as platelet activation in trained was lower (P < 0.05) than sedentary (51 +/- 6 vs. 59 +/- 5%). Seven days of cocoa polyphenol supplementation had little effect on any of the parameters measured. We conclude that trained subjects show decreased activation of stimulated platelets when compared to the sedentary subjects and short-term cocoa polyphenol supplementation did not decrease platelet activity in response to exercise independent of prior training status.
Dietary flavanols and procyanidin oligomers from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) inhibit platelet function
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Abstract: Flavonoids may be partly responsible for some health benefits, including antiinflammatory action and a decreased tendency for the blood to clot. An acute dose of flavanols and oligomeric procyanidins from cocoa powder inhibits platelet activation and function over 6 h in humans. This study sought to evaluate whether 28 d of supplementation with cocoa flavanols and related procyanidin oligomers would modulate human platelet reactivity and primary hemostasis and reduce oxidative markers in vivo. Thirty-two healthy subjects were assigned to consume active (234 mg cocoa flavanols and procyanidins/d) or placebo (< or = 6 mg cocoa flavanols and procyanidins/d) tablets in a blinded parallel-designed study. Platelet function was determined by measuring platelet aggregation, ATP release, and expression of activation-dependent platelet antigens by using flow cytometry. Plasma was analyzed for oxidation markers and antioxidant status. Plasma concentrations of epicatechin and catechin in the active group increased by 81% and 28%, respectively, during the intervention period. The active group had significantly lower P selectin expression and significantly lower ADP-induced aggregation and collagen-induced aggregation than did the placebo group. Plasma ascorbic acid concentrations were significantly higher in the active than in the placebo group (P < 0.05), whereas plasma oxidation markers and antioxidant status did not change in either group. Cocoa flavanol and procyanidin supplementation for 28 d significantly increased plasma epicatechin and catechin concentrations and significantly decreased platelet function. These data support the results of acute studies that used higher doses of cocoa flavanols and procyanidins.
Developing a National Registry for Hemochromatosis
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-9432-3.CH007
Abstract: Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is a disorder where iron and ferritin concentrations in a patient's blood are much higher than normal healthy levels. The main therapeutic intervention for in iduals with HH is removing 300-500 mL of blood every few months to maintain ferritin concentration within acceptable ranges. The blood collected during these venesections is usually discarded as there is a belief that blood with high levels of ferritin are not suitable for blood transfusion purposes. Australian Red Cross Blood Services voluntarily collects blood from donors for subsequent use in blood transfusion. Annually more than 700 thousand units are transfused within Australia and there is a constant need for new donors given the significant imbalance between supply and demand of blood products. Besides red cell transfusions, the Red Cross also issues donor blood for development of many other blood products essential for patient health care. The HH blood can currently be used for other blood products if not for red cell transfusion. However, there is evidence to suggest that there is no significant difference between the red cells of the normal healthy population compared to those from HH patients. Australian Red Cross has developed a mobile computer application (High Ferritin “app”) as they have started collecting blood from HH patients. Though there is little or no awareness about the existence and use of this High Ferritin app in general HH population, their doctors and nurses collecting their blood for therapeutic purposes. This chapter describes possibility of saving and utilizing the blood collected from hemochromatosis patients for therapeutic purposes. A national hemochromatosis patients registry, in collaboration with High Ferritin app (HFa) developed by Australian Red Cross Blood Services, accessible to the patients, their doctors and Red Cross Blood Collection Sservices 24 hours a day anywhere in the country can allow the patients to donate the blood collected for therapeutic purposes at any affiliated blood collection center in the country after they automatically get a message either by email or text message after their blood results have been reviewed by their doctor and they are required to go for venesection.
Thrombotic and cardiovascular risks in type two diabetes; Role of platelet hyperactivity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOPHA.2017.07.121
Abstract: One of the most commonly identified chronic illnesses in many countries is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM denotes an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Heart disease is one of the causes of mortality in patients with diabetes, mainly due to the macrovascular complications. One of these macrovascular complications in diabetes is atherosclerosis, which involves a complicated pathophysiological process. Besides hyperglycemia, oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its associated risk of CVD. There are many other factors including molecular, metabolic, lipid, fibrinolytic, and platelet function disorders precipitate to thrombotic and CVD risks in T2DM. Also, Platelets have an increased response to procoagulants in patients with diabetes. Platelet hyperactivity, in the presence of oxidative stress, has a major effect on the progression of thrombotic and CVD events. This review will discuss the impact of the above factors and the potential effects of platelet hyperactivity on thrombotic and cardiovascular risks.
Acute free-iron exposure does not explain the impaired haemorheology associated with haemochromatosis
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 07-01-2016
Fibrinogen, Coagulation, and Ageing
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2023
The ex vivo antiplatelet activation potential of fruit phenolic metabolite hippuric acid
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5FO00715A
Abstract: Active metabolite of polyphenol intake, hippuric acid, reduces platelet activation-related conformational change and de-granulation ex vivo thereby alleviating thrombogenesis.
Introduction and Current Status of Technology in Teaching and Learning of Allied Healthcare Students
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3850-9.CH001
Abstract: Allied healthcare professionals are an integral part of multidisciplinary healthcare teams requiring highly skilled and competent members from every discipline. Clinical and allied health education in Australia is challenged by increasing student numbers, changing healthcare practices, and service pressures impacting the clinical training of students. There is a need to optimise the effectiveness and efficiency of the way students develop their professional skills. New technological approaches deliver student-centered education involving work-integrated learning. This chapter covers different strategies developed and implemented over time, merging various technologies in an innovative manner providing better standardized skills and competencies to more students within limited resources to prepare them for a global inter-professional multidisciplinary healthcare team providing efficient service to society. It will also provide future directions to adapt technology from the non-healthcare industry to healthcare training and share some strategies of bringing the workplace to the classroom.
Effects of Seal Oil and Tuna-Fish Oil on Platelet Parameters and Plasma Lipid Levels in Healthy Subjects
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-07-2010
DOI: 10.1007/S11745-010-3450-Z
Abstract: Fish are a rich source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), two long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) with cardiovascular benefits. A related but less-investigated LC n-3 PUFA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), is more common in seal oil and pasture-fed red meats. This study compared indicators of platelet function and plasma lipids in healthy volunteers given supplements containing these different fatty acids (FA) for 14 days. Subjects, randomised into three groups of ten, consumed capsules of tuna oil (210 mg EPA, 30 mg DPA, 810 mg DHA), seal oil (340 mg EPA, 230 mg DPA, 450 mg DHA) or placebo (sunola) oil. Supplementary LC n-3 PUFA levels were approximately 1 g/day in both fish and seal oil groups. Baseline dietary FA and other nutrient intakes were similar in all groups. Both fish and seal oil elevated platelet DHA levels (P < 0.01). Seal oil also raised platelet DPA and EPA levels (P < 0.01), and decreased p-selectin (P = 0.01), a platelet activation marker negatively associated with DPA (P = 0.03) and EPA (P < 0.01) but not DHA. Plasma triacylglycerol decreased (P = 0.03) and HDL-cholesterol levels increased (P = 0.01) with seal oil only. Hence, seal oil may be more efficient than fish oil at promoting healthy plasma lipid profiles and lowering thrombotic risk, possibly due to its high DPA as well as EPA content.
Cytoprotective effects of berry anthocyanins against induced oxidative stress and inflammation in primary human diabetic aortic endothelial cells
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.CBI.2020.108940
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is associated with oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation resulting in endothelial dysfunction (ED). This study determined to explore the protective effects of berry-derived anthocyanins (AC) with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in human diabetic endothelial cells upon oxidative and inflammatory stressors. Cultured healthy human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) and diabetic human aortic endothelial cells (D-HAEC) exposed to oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide (H
Formation of Globular Clusters with Internal Abundance Spreads inr-Process Elements: Strong Evidence for Prolonged Star Formation
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 19-07-2017
The effects of anthocyanins on body weight and expression of adipocyte’s hormones: Leptin and adiponectin
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
A New Formation Model for ω Centauri: A Complex Interplay of Astrophysical Processes
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 27-11-2019
Bilirubin, platelet activation and heart disease: A missing link to cardiovascular protection in Gilbert's syndrome?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATHEROSCLEROSIS.2014.12.042
Abstract: Gilbert's syndrome (GS) is a relatively common condition, inducing a benign, non-hemolytic, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Gilbert's Syndrome is associated with mutation in the Uridine Glucuronosyl Transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene promoter, reducing UGT1A1 activity, which normally conjugates bilirubin allowing its elimination from the blood. In iduals with GS demonstrate mildly elevated plasma antioxidant capacity caused by elevated levels of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), reduced thiols and glutathione. Interestingly, the development of, and risk of mortality from, cardiovascular disease is remarkably reduced in GS in iduals. An explanation for this protection may be explained by bilirubin's ability to inhibit multiple processes that induce platelet hyper-reactivity and thrombosis, thus far under-appreciated in the literature. Reactive oxygen species are produced continuously via metabolic processes and have the potential to oxidatively modify proteins and lipids within cell membranes, which may encourage the development of thrombosis and CVDs. Oxidative stress induced platelet hyper-reactivity significantly increases the risk of thrombosis, which can potentially lead to tissue infarction. Here, we discuss the possible mechanisms by which increased antioxidant status might influence platelet function and link this to cardiovascular protection in GS. In summary, this is the first article to discuss the possible role of bilirubin as an anti-thrombotic agent, which inhibits platelet activation and potentially, organ infarction, which could contribute to the reduced mortality rate in mildly hyperbilirbinemic in iduals.
Reduced Platelet Activity under Induced Oxidative Stress Conditions in Gilbert's Syndrome (Benign Hyperbilirubinemia)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
The potential of anthocyanin-rich Queen Garnet plum juice supplementation in alleviating thrombotic risk under induced oxidative stress conditions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Occupational health and metabolic risk factors: A pilot intervention for transport workers
Publisher: Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine
Date: 05-05-2016
DOI: 10.13075/IJOMEH.1896.00570
Abstract: Heavy vehicle transport workers have a high risk of obesity and obesity-related disorders including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Sedentary nature of their work makes a healthy work and lifestyle balance difficult to achieve. Educational interventions that promote behavioral changes have been shown to be effective in various group settings. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of metabolic risk factors among a population of urban bus drivers to deliver a 3-month educational intervention specifically tailored for the workplace environment of transport workers and to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention through quantitative measurements and qualitative feedback. Thirty-three bus drivers from depots in south Queensland were recruited for the study. Baseline metabolic data were collected through anthropometric measurements, blood collection and diet/lifestyle questionnaires. Metabolic risk factors that were analyzed included: waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, blood triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Three interactive seminars were delivered over a 3-month period. At the end of the period, data collection was repeated. At the commencement of the study, 35% of the participants exhibited ≥ 3 of the metabolic risk factors that characterize metabolic syndrome. This is higher than the reported prevalence in the general Australian population (22.1%). A total 21 of the 33 participants remained committed to the intervention and provided pre and post intervention data. Of these, 28% (N = 6) showed a decrease in one or more of the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. There was a significant increase in the average HDL-C after the intervention. Qualitative feedback indicated that the workers benefited from the program, especially regarding their awareness of the risks associated with their profession. This pilot study demonstrates that lifestyle education seminars specifically tailored for the workplace can have an impact on the health behaviors of transport workers.
Integration of E-Learning Technologies
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3850-9.CH007
Abstract: Increasing automation along with other recent advancements in the field of pathology has highlighted the importance of integrating e-learning technologies within the program Medical Laboratory Science (MLS). E-learning tools such as 3D virtual pathology laboratory, e-portfolio using Pebble Pad, and Raspberry Pi (RPi) have been added to the MLS program at Griffith University, Gold Coast C us (GUGC). Incorporation of these e-learning tools has the ability to potentially improve learning outcomes and increase the chances of employability by aiding in the production of work-ready graduates. The aim of this chapter is to highlight the recent developments, issues, and possible solutions along with future directions in the development and integration of these e-learning tools in MLS.
Use of Technology in Problem-Based Learning in Health Science
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH509
Abstract: Recent advances in the field of digital technology have had a significant role in changing the concept of learning and teaching for both students and teachers. These developments have enabled educational systems to move from their traditional classroom based teaching models to a more enhanced blended/E-learning approach including an array of electronic learning tools such as digital microscopy, electronic cell counter, 3D-virtual reality and demonstration videos. An integration of these digital tools along with contemporary face to face teaching can significantly improve student learning outcomes and provide convenient and flexible access to education and training. This model demonstrated a positive impact on laboratory based courses such as Laboratory Medicine at Griffith University. The objective of this article is to highlight the impact and advantages of this particular model from the student and teacher based perspective. This article will also discuss some of the challenges of implementing this mode of teaching and provide future directions.
Virtual Microscopy in Haematology and Histopathology Education: Virtual Microscopy in Science Education
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3850-9.CH008
Abstract: Virtual microscopy is a method by which real-time microscopic illustrations get transmitted digitally via computer networks. There is increasing evidence to suggest that virtual microscopy combined with other didactic methods in teaching make significant improvements in student interaction and curiosity in histopathology and haematology teaching. The introduction of virtual microscopy has opened up a big arena in the field of e-learning in histopathology and haematology curriculum. Case studies prove the technological benefits of virtual microscopy in interacting off-c us students and educators. Recent technological advances have improved the use of virtual microscopy and enabled them to complement students learning in class room as well as for routine diagnostics. In this chapter, the authors discuss the significance, usefulness, and limitations of virtual microscopy in education. In addition, the chapter has provided several technical considerations to develop a friendly web-based virtual microscopy tool in teaching.
Anthocyanins reduce inflammation and improve glucose and lipid metabolism associated with inhibiting nuclear factor-kappaB activation and increasing PPAR-γ gene expression in metabolic syndrome subjec
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Chemical Evolution of 244 Pu in the Solar Vicinity and Its Implications for the Properties of r-process Production
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 16-01-2017
Unconjugated bilirubin inhibits collagen induced platelet activation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-02-2014
DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2013.764405
Abstract: Gilbert's syndrome (GS) in iduals have mildly elevated serum unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) concentrations and are protected against the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although UCB has antioxidant properties, which could delay atherosclerotic plaque development, evidence suggests UCB might also affect haemostasis, subsequently influencing thrombus formation after atherosclerotic plaque rupture. The aim of this study was to reveal the in-vitro effect of UCB on platelet function and haemostatic factors at physiologically relevant concentrations seen in GS. Blood s les were collected from 16 healthy volunteers (mean age 25 ± 5) for full blood examination. A final concentration of approximately 35 ± 4.0 µmol/L of UCB was obtained by adding 1.25 µL of UCB stock solution to 250 µL of s le, to study its effect on platelet aggregation, coagulation and lipid profile. Collagen induced platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited in platelet rich plasma treated with UCB. Coagulation and lipid profile did not change by the in-vitro addition of UCB. These data are the first to show that mildly (but physiologically) elevated UCB inhibits platelet activity in plasma via a mechanism specifically related to collagen induced platelet activation. These findings support a novel mechanism which might further explain protection from CVD by mildly elevated levels of UCB, thus reducing the risk of thrombus formation by inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation.
The effectiveness of antioxidant therapy in aspirin resistance, diabetes population for prevention of thrombosis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOPHA.2016.06.044
Abstract: Thrombosis as the main complication of coronary heart disease (CHD) represents the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In the course of diabetes mellitus some coagulation abnormalities occur, that may result in a thrombogenic propensity. Aspirin (ASA) as a platelet-inhibiting agent through inactivation of Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is mostly used for the prevention and treatment of atherothrombotic disorders. ASA inhibits the COX-1 enzyme and therefore blocks platelet thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthesis. However, some of the serious vascular events in high-risk vascular patients are attributable to a failure of ASA to suppress platelet aggregation. The consumption of antioxidant or antioxidant rich foods such as vitamin C, E, and polyphenols might impart anti-thrombotic and cardiovascular protective effects via their inhibition of platelet hyper-activation or aggregation similar to the action of aspirin. This review will discuss the risk of thrombosis in diabetes, what aspirin resistance means, and the effectiveness of antioxidant therapy in the prevention and possible treatment of atherothrombotic disorders.
Nursing student´s attitudes toward e-learning: a quantitative approach
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-08-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S10639-022-11226-X
Abstract: This article seeks to determine the attitudes of undergraduate nursing students toward e-learning at the (X). A quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, and exploratory approach was the procedural methodology selected in this study. A suitable s le of sophomore nursing scholars (n = 71) was registered. A total of 58 students returned the questionnaire (82.8% were females). Students who have previous computer training were significantly more confident in connecting to the internet than those with no prior computer training (t = 2.1, p 0.05). Students who had prior experience in e-learning predicted they would feel significantly more nervous when working with computers than those who did not have this prior experience (t = 2.3, p 0.05). In general, our investigation uncovered a differently favorable view of nursing students towards e-learning, however, some negative attitudes were also recorded. Factors likes students` motivation and personalities, backgrounds and feelings related to the control of their educational process must be considered in the application of e-learning.
Oxidative stress biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus for assessment of cardiovascular disease risk
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.DSX.2017.12.029
Abstract: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent and progressive metabolic conditions affecting approximately 8.5% of the global population. In iduals with T2DM have a significantly increased risk of developing chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its associated complications, therefore, it is of great importance to establish strategies for combatting T2DM and its associated chronic conditions. Current literature has identified several biomarkers that are known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Many of these biomarkers affecting CVD are influenced by an increase in oxidative stress as seen in T2DM. The purpose of this review is to analyse and correlate the oxidative stress-related biomarkers that have been identified in the literature to provide an updated summary of their significance in CVD risk factors. This review has analysed current research on T2DM, CVD, and oxidative stress. Four key cardiovascular risk factors: thrombosis, inflammation, vascular homeostasis and cellular proliferation were searched to identify potential biomarkers for this review. These biomarkers stem from seven major cellular pathways NF-κB, Keap1-Nrf2, protein kinase-C, macrophage activation, arachidonic acid mobilisation, endothelial dysfunction and advanced glycation end products. The pathways and biomarkers were analysed to show their role as contributing factors to CVD development and a summary is made regarding the assessment of cardiovascular risk in T2DM in iduals.
Anthocyanin supplementation inhibits secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in overweight and obese individuals
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Chemopreventive role of anthocyanins in atherosclerosis via activation of Nrf2–ARE as an indicator and modulator of redox
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOPHA.2015.03.008
Abstract: Anthocyanins have been reported to induce the expression of enzymes involved in both cellular antioxidant defenses and attenuating inflammation-associated pathogenesis. Induction of such enzymes by edible anthocyanin largely accounts for their atherosclerosis chemo-protective activities. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an essential role in the coordinated induction of those genes encoding redox-responsive and cellular defense antioxidant enzyme termed antioxidant response element (ARE). Current studies have revealed that Nrf2-ARE signaling is involved in attenuating inflammation-associated pathogenesis such as atherosclerosis. Conversely, reduction in Nrf2 signaling leads to enhanced susceptibility to oxidative stress and inflammatory tissue injuries. The activation of Nrf2-ARE might inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediator including cyclooxygenase-2, chemokines, cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and induction nitric oxide synthase. This review highlights the gene expression induced by dietary anthocyanin via Nrf2 signaling on redox-regulated transcription factor in atherosclerosis disorders.
The Role of Cortisol in the Development of Post-Stroke Dementia: A Narrative Review
Publisher: Medknow
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.4103/HM.HM_32_22
Compression Socks Reduce Running-Induced Intestinal Damage
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 15-10-2022
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003870
Abstract: Zadow, EK, Edwards, KH, Kitic, CM, Fell, JW, Adams, MJ, Singh, I, Kundur, A, Johnstone, ANB, Crilly, J, Bulmer, AC, Halson, SL, and, and Wu, SSX. Compression socks reduce running-induced intestinal damage. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2461–2464, 2022—Exercise is associated with a reduction in splanchnic blood flow that leads to the disruption of intestinal epithelium integrity, contributing to exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome. Strategies that promote intestinal blood flow during exercise may reduce intestinal damage, which may be advantageous for subsequent recovery and performance. This study aimed to explore if exercise-associated intestinal damage was influenced by wearing compression garments, which may improve central blood flow. Subjects were randomly allocated to wear compression socks ( n = 23) or no compression socks (control, n = 23) during a marathon race. Blood s les were collected 24 hours before and immediately after marathon and analyzed for intestinal fatty acid–binding protein (I-FABP) concentration as a marker of intestinal damage. The magnitude of increase in postmarathon plasma I-FABP concentration was significantly greater in control group (107% 95% confidence interval [CI], 72–428%) when compared with runners wearing compression socks (38% 95% CI, 20–120% p = 0.046 d = 0.59). Wearing compression socks during a marathon run reduced exercise-associated intestinal damage. Compression socks may prove an effective strategy to minimize the intestinal damage component of exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome.
Gamma tocopherol supplementation prevents exercise induced coagulation and platelet aggregation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells is ameliorated by gamma-tocopherol treatment
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-09-2008
DOI: 10.1007/S00394-008-0739-2
Abstract: Oxidative stress-induced reactive oxygen species are associated with the clinical manifestation of insulin resistance. Evidence suggests that antioxidant treatment may reduce this incidence. This study determined whether glucose oxidase (GO)-induced insulin resistance in cultured skeletal muscle cells could be ameliorated by pre-treatment with gamma-tocopherol (GT). Insulin sensitivity in L6 myotubes was assessed by 2-deoxy-D: -[(3)H]-glucose uptake. The phosphorylation of distal insulin signaling proteins Akt and the Akt substrate AS160 were determined by western blot. One hour treatment with 100 mU/ml GO decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (P < 0.001). Pre-treatment with GT either partially (100 microM) or completely (200 microM) restored insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cells after GO-induced insulin resistance. GO-induced oxidative stress did not impair insulin stimulated phosphorylation of Akt or AS160, but 200 microM GT increased insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of these key signaling proteins (P < 0.05). High-dose (200 microM) GT treatment ameliorated oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance in cultured rat L6 skeletal muscle cells.
An Efficient Bayesian Integration Technique to Densify Global Ionospheric Maps using Observations of Local GNSS Networks 
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-03-2021
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU21-4901
Abstract: & & & strong& Abstract:& /strong& & & & & Global ionosphere maps (GIM) are generated on daily basis at the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) using data from about 200 GNSS sites of the International GNSS Service (IGS) and other institutions. These measurement are used to numerically model the vertical total electron content (VTEC) in a solar-geomagnetic reference frame using a spherical harmonics expansion up to degree and order 15. In this study, an efficient method is developed and applied to densify the GIM model in a region of interest using the TEC measurements of& local networks. Our approach follows a Bayesian updating scheme, where the GIM data are utilized as a prior information in the form of Slepian-coefficients in the region of interest. These coefficients are then updated by the GNSS measurements in a Bayesian framework that considers both the uncertainty of a priori information and the new measurements. Numerical application is demonstrated using a GNSS network in South America. Our results indicate that by using 62 GNSS stations in South America, the ionospheric delay estimation can be considerably improved. For ex le, using the Bayesian-derived VTEC estimates in a Standard Point Positioning (SPP) experiment improved the positioning accuracy compared to the usage of GIM/CODE and Klobuchar models. The reductions in the root mean squared of errors were found to be & #8764 % and 25% for a day with moderate solar activity while 26% and & #8764 % for a day with high solar activity, respectively.& & & & & strong& Key words:& /strong& Bayesian densification, Slepian Functions, Spherical Harmonics, Ionospheric modelling, VTEC, SPPs& &
Effect of probiotics and synbiotics on blood glucose: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-09-2018
DOI: 10.1007/S00394-016-1300-3
Abstract: High fasting blood glucose (FBG) can lead to chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Consuming probiotics or synbiotics may improve FBG. A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials was conducted to clarify the effect of probiotic and synbiotic consumption on FBG levels. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases were searched for relevant studies based on eligibility criteria. Randomized or non-randomized controlled trials which investigated the efficacy of probiotics or synbiotics on the FBG of adults were included. Studies were excluded if they were review articles and study protocols, or if the supplement dosage was not clearly mentioned. A total of fourteen studies (eighteen trials) were included in the analysis. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for the mean difference in FBG. Overall reduction in FBG observed from consumption of probiotics and synbiotics was borderline statistically significant (-0.18 mmol/L 95 % CI -0.37, 0.00 p = 0.05). Neither probiotic nor synbiotic subgroup analysis revealed a significant reduction in FBG. The result of subgroup analysis for baseline FBG level ≥7 mmol/L showed a reduction in FBG of 0.68 mmol/L (-1.07, -0.29 ρ < 0.01), while trials with multiple species of probiotics showed a more pronounced reduction of 0.31 mmol/L (-0.58, -0.03 ρ = 0.03) compared to single species trials. This meta-analysis suggests that probiotic and synbiotic supplementation may be beneficial in lowering FBG in adults with high baseline FBG (≥7 mmol/L) and that multispecies probiotics may have more impact on FBG than single species.
Related Organisations
自然科学研究機構国立天文台/National Astronomical Observatory Of Japan
Location: Japan
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for Indu Singh.