ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2084-0253
Current Organisation
National Defense College
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
International Relations | Political Theory and Political Philosophy | Comparative Government and Politics | Political Science
Civics and Citizenship | Political Systems | Electoral Systems |
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-01-2023
DOI: 10.1177/00219096211069835
Abstract: This article examines the mango diplomacy of South Asia’s mango exporting countries. Diplomatic gifts are a common feature of public diplomacy of diplomatic missions globally. There are many prominent ex les of that including China’s panda diplomacy and mango diplomacy of South Asia’s mango exporting countries like Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Based on the analysis, this study argues that Pakistan is a dominant actor in terms of mango diplomacy and has an extensive strategy, for ex le, including mango exhibitions, to increase its mango exports and goodwill in target countries.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-03-2023
DOI: 10.3390/REL14030416
Abstract: In terms of their political and ideological success, Pakistani Islamists have had several ups and downs since Pakistan became the Islamic Republic in 1956. Islamists strive to safeguard the Islamic state’s status quo while simultaneously expanding the reach of Sharia. Despite insignificant electoral victories, Islamists have largely been able to dictate national identity policies to civilian and military governments. A major hurdle to the promotion of pluralism in Pakistan is noticeable through persistent opposition to secularism by major political actors. Despite different political ideologies, major political parties refrain from promoting secularism in Pakistan however, such views are more rigid in the case of Islamists. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to examine and compare the discourses of Islamists and other political parties in relation to Pakistan’s identity, reforms and anti-Westernism, religious minorities, and secularism. Based on the analysis, this paper argues that the views of Islamists and non-religious political parties are very similar regarding Islam and Pakistan’s identity, secularism, and minority rights in Pakistan.
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 20-03-2019
Abstract: South Asia is home to roughly three million refugees and their long-term presence brings enormous challenges. South Asia’s history of colonialism, low economic development, and intra- and inter-state conflicts have contributed to the large-scale refugee movement and the lack of capacity to address the problem. This article examines the history, current activity and potential for regional cooperation in South Asia to address the issue. The article focuses particularly on the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, the structure and culture of the organization and the likelihood of it addressing the politically complex issue of forced migration.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-5957.2010.02224.X
Abstract: Abstract: This paper extends prior research on the relationship between governance quality and auditor remuneration. We examine the influence of audit committee effectiveness (ACE), a proxy for governance quality, on audit fees (AF) and non‐audit services fees (NASF) using a new composite measure comprising audit committee independence, expertise, diligence and size. We find that after controlling for board of director characteristics, there is a significant positive association between ACE and AF only for larger clients. Our results indicate that effective audit committees undertake more monitoring which results in wider audit scope and higher audit fees. Contrary to our expectations, we find the association between ACE and NASF to be positive and significant, especially for larger clients. This suggests that larger clients are more likely to purchase non‐audit services (NAS) even in the presence of effective audit committees probably due to the complexity of their activities. Overall, our findings support regulatory initiatives aimed at improving corporate governance quality.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-07-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2022
Abstract: The Taliban's takeover of Afghanistan has brought both opportunities and challenges for Pakistan. As Islamabad is relieved by India's exit from Afghanistan, it continues to worry more about the spill‐over of the situation in Afghanistan into Pakistan. Among key non‐traditional security challenges are extremism, terrorism, refugees and drug trafficking and Islamabad continues to express serious concerns on how the new development in Afghanistan can pose a serious threat to Pakistan's peace and security. With a friendly regime in Kabul, however, Pakistan has an opportunity to handle these challenges through a mix of bilateral and multilateral options. By examining historical and contemporary dynamics, this article assesses the seriousness of non‐traditional security threats vis‐à‐vis Afghanistan for Pakistan. Islamabad's immediate non‐traditional security concerns focus on how the new developments in Afghanistan will possibly influence religious extremism and terrorism at home. Finally, the article outlines policy recommendations for Pakistan's engagement in the Taliban‐led Afghanistan.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-05-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2019
DOI: 10.1111/PAFO.12134
Publisher: Deakin University
Date: 10-2017
Abstract: Soon after its declaration as an Islamic Republic in 1956, Islamists have experienced numerous ups and downs in Pakistan. Islamists not only try to maintain the status quo of the Islamic state but also endeavour to expand the scope of sharia . Despite insignificant achievements in elections, Islamists have mostly been able to dictate civilian and military governments in matters of national identity. One of the greatest challenges for the promotion of pluralism is the Islamists’ anti-secular narrative, which holds significant backing from both the civil and the military elites. The goal of this paper is to analyse such narrative with reference to Pakistan’s continuous struggle for national identity. ‘The analyses propose that anti-secular voices are occupying centre stage in Pakistan, leaving little room for erse opinions. Anti-secular groups use violence as a tool to silence any opposition against their ideology for Pakistan, which is evident by regular attacks on not only the religious minorities but also the moderate or liberal Muslim thinkers. The conflict over national identity between extremists and moderates is also one of the main causes of rising violent extremism in Pakistan.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-03-2021
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 2022
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-08-2018
Abstract: This paper presents mechanical and durability properties of green star concretes. Four series of concretes are considered. The first series is control concrete containing 100% ordinary Portland cement, 100% natural aggregates and fresh water. The other three series of concretes are green star concretes according to Green Building Council Australia (GBCA), which contain blast furnace slag, recycled coarse aggregates and concrete wash water. In all above concretes compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, elastic modulus, water absorption, sorptivity and chloride permeability are measured at 7 and 28 days. Results show that mechanical properties of green star concretes are lower than the control concrete at both ages with significant improvement at 28 days. Similar results are also observed in water absorption, sorptivity and chloride permeability where all measured durability properties are lower in green star concretes compared to control concrete except the higher water absorption in some green star concretes.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-04-2019
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 20-06-2022
DOI: 10.1177/20578911221104275
Abstract: There is little research done on the social agenda of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). As an analysis of the organization's social agenda is relevant to the challenges and opportunities offered by COVID-19, this article aims to draw lessons for SAARC from the development model of the European Union (EU). Erstwhile literature on SAARC has not compared its progress in terms of social development with that of the EU. Hence, this study aims to answer the following questions: What are the key differences between the social development approaches of the two organizations, and what can SAARC learn from the EU's social model? The analysis in this research is largely based on an extensive review of official documents from the EU and SAARC. This article argues that collective social development is in line with SAARC's functionalist approach that prioritizes cooperation in non-controversial areas like human security. Based on the comparative analysis, this article proposes a three-tier social development approach for comprehensive social development across South Asia. This study argues that, despite its socio-economic and political challenges, SAARC has a lot to gain from adopting the EU’s social model.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-08-2020
DOI: 10.1002/CRQ.21284
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-06-2020
Publisher: IGI Global
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2817-3.CH006
Abstract: Following the Arab Spring, the Middle East is in chaos with ongoing wars in Yemen and Syria. There are millions of Syrians seeking refuge in neighboring countries like Turkey and Lebanon, and in European countries like Greece, Hungary, and Germany. Nonetheless, the largest proportion of Syrian refugees in hosted by neighboring countries needing continuous support of the international community. As the issue of Syrian refugees is transnational, there is a need to look for multilateral options for dealing with the crisis. Thus, the role of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) becomes crucial. Irrespective of being labelled as a ‘talk fest', there is no denying of the fact that OIC has significant potential for tackling grave challenges facing the Muslim world. The problems range from extremism and radicalization to poverty and illiteracy. Now there is the emergent challenge of refugees from the Middle Eastern crisis. This paper evaluates the role of OIC with reference to the Syrian refugee crisis in the Middle East and beyond.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2019
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 23-12-2020
DOI: 10.1017/S1755048319000440
Abstract: The years 1975 and 1977 witnessed a wave of de facto military regimes in Bangladesh and Pakistan, respectively. In Pakistan, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq operationalized the country's preexisting Islamic identity from emblematic to substantive at both domestic and international levels. General Ziaur Rahman and General Ershad of Bangladesh revived the country's Islamic identity at the domestic and international levels and reopened the space for religious fractions that were banned from politics constitutionally in the previous regime. Focusing on military regimes in Bangladesh and Pakistan between 1975 and 1990, this paper aims to bridge that gap by specifically examining the use of Islam. This study argues that dictators in both countries used Islam to support their survival strategies of legitimacy, repression, and social control. Authoritarian rulers did not have to use Islam to maintain military coherence, because of the military's culture of subordination to superiors.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-04-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-08-2022
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0078-0.CH017
Abstract: Context last year brought deep sadness and great grief to many people - including and especially the students, parents and staff in schools across Pakistan and across the world in response to children being massacred brutally at a school in KPK, Pakistan. Schools, colleges, and universities, as a result, have been converted into fortresses and a thriving business for security-wallas. A case study of this program will be prepared through both qualitative and quantitative data examining the impact of FCCU's peace education program. We are hoping that this work would initiate the process of introducing peace education interventions in Pakistan at regional and global levels. This chapter will also help other peace education programs to learn from FCCU's approach of peacebuilding.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2015
Abstract: Ever since the formation of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) in 1985, the motivation for the expansion of the Association has been expressed by its founding members. The prospective expansion comes naturally to international organisations (IOs), visible in the increase in membership of the European Union (EU) from six to 28 European countries. Similarly, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has doubled its membership since its inception. SAARC membership grew in 2007, with the inclusion of Afghanistan. Yet, there is limited assessment on the opportunities and challenges that have arisen since Afghanistan’s arrival in SAARC 10 years ago. This article provides an evaluation of Afghanistan within SAARC, and a further comparison to processes of enlargement in the EU and ASEAN. It is argued that Afghanistan’s membership poses significant challenges for SAARC, owing to its political instability. Its stature as a war-torn country has meant that it has failed to prioritise its role in the Association. Furthermore, the membership of Afghanistan has significantly contributed to the conflict relationship between Afghanistan and Pakistan, further constraining SAARC processes and agendas.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-06-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-02-2023
DOI: 10.3390/REL14030289
Abstract: Pan-Islamism had resonated strongly with Muslim political leaders of the Indian sub-continent, including those inspired by Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī, credited with coining the term. These political leaders included prominent members of the All-India Muslim League, who were at the forefront of the Indian Muslims’ struggle for a separate homeland that led to the creation of Pakistan in 1947. It is therefore no surprise that Islam and pan-Islamism became key features of the new state of Pakistan however, domestic and geopolitical realities demanded a different approach to addressing the country’s key national interests, i.e., security through economic development. This article analyzes Pakistan’s policy on the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) to understand how far Islamabad has advanced its national interests through the OIC. Based on the interviews of elites and key opinionmakers in Islamabad, this paper argues that pan-Islamist ideals in Pakistan’s foreign policy were confronted by reality soon after Pakistan’s creation. The geopolitical realities of India have kept security concerns paramount and all-consuming. Consequently, pan-Islamism has been pragmatically used by Pakistan, especially within the OIC, for not just ideological reasons but also for material and diplomatic gains.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-11-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-07-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-09-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-05-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-05-2021
Publisher: European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS)
Date: 07-08-2022
DOI: 10.55271/PP0013
Abstract: This paper comparatively examines the ruling religious populist governments in Turkey and Pakistan through a theoretical framework that focuses on populists’ promises, their compromises, and their attacks on democratic institutions. Through our three-legged framework, we examine how these religious populists behave in power and how strategic necessities, the realities of governing, and structural constraints shape their policies. Similar to the other populists in other parts of the world, before coming to power, Islamist populists make sweeping promises to the people and quick fixes to major problems of the country—most famously, quick and substantial economic development. While they may want to retain their uncompromising style and lofty goals, the realities of governing force populists to make serious compromises to their designated ‘enemies’ and on their values once they are in power. Finally, like other authoritarian politicians, Islamist populists attack formal institutions of democracy such as the judiciary, the media, and civil society they politicize them, evacuate them, and eventually capture them from within. Keywords: Religion, populism, Islamism, authoritarianism, populists in power, democratic backsliding, Turkey, Pakistan
Publisher: European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS)
Date: 20-07-2023
DOI: 10.55271/RP0042
Abstract: In recent years, Pakistan has witnessed the emergence of digital authoritarianism as a governing strategy. This involves using digital technologies and surveillance mechanisms to control and monitor online activities. The government has implemented legislation like the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) to regulate cyberspace. However, the vague definitions of cybercrime within PECA and the broad surveillance powers granted to agencies such as the FIA and ISI raise apprehensions about potential abuses of power.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-06-2021
DOI: 10.1111/ASPP.12586
Abstract: States use elements of their culture to promote their influence in countries of strategic importance to them. Despite a growing body of literature on soft power, there is a shortage of literature on Iran’s influence in its neighbourhood. How is Iran viewed in Pakistan? This article is based on in‐depth interviews and an online survey with informed participants in Pakistan. Our findings demonstrate that while many participants view Tehran’s policies negatively, the majority see Iran in a favourable light. This article found that Iran’s multi‐pronged strategy connects with pre‐existing trends and pressure points in Pakistan at different levels. As a majority‐Shi’a country, Iran has become a point of reference for the Shi’a community in Pakistan. Its anti‐American rhetoric corresponds with an anti‐US current in Pakistan, and Tehran’s invocation of Persian culture and poetry resonates with a nostalgic view of Persian culture amongst Pakistan’s educated elite.
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 2022
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-11-2020
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 04-01-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-10-2022
Start Date: 2022
End Date: 2024
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2007
End Date: 2009
Funder: International Center on Nonviolent Conflict
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2010
End Date: 2010
Funder: Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2017
End Date: 2018
Funder: Gerda Henkel Foundation
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2015
End Date: 2016
Funder: United States Institute of Peace
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 2021
Funder: Carnegie Corporation of New York
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 08-2022
End Date: 08-2025
Amount: $380,058.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity