ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1467-8264
Current Organisation
Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-10-2013
DOI: 10.1002/HBM.22388
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 10-07-2022
DOI: 10.1101/2022.07.09.22277429
Abstract: In recent years, there has been an increasing quest in improving our understanding of neurocognitive deficits underlying adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Current statistical manuals of psychiatric disorders emphasize inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, but empirical studies have also shown consistent alterations in inhibitory control. Thus far, there is no established neuropsychological test to assess inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD. A common paradigm for assessing response inhibition is the stop-signal task (SST). Following PRISMA-selection criteria, our systematic review and meta-analysis integrated the findings of 26 publications with 27 studies examining the SST in adult ADHD. The meta-analysis, which included 883 patients with adult ADHD and 916 control participants, revealed reliable inhibitory control deficits, as expressed in prolonged SST response times, with a moderate effect size g = 0.51. The deficits were not moderated by study quality, s le characteristics or clinical parameters, suggesting that they may be a phenotype in this disorder. The analyses of secondary outcome measures revealed greater SST omission errors and reduced go accuracy in patients, indicative of altered sustained attention. However, only few (N ) studies were available for these measures. Our meta-analysis suggests that the SST could, in conjunction with other tests and questionnaires, become a valuable tool for the assessment of inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-06-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S11065-023-09592-5
Abstract: In recent years, there has been an increasing quest in improving our understanding of the neurocognitive deficits underlying adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Current statistical manuals of psychiatric disorders emphasize inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, but empirical studies have also shown consistent alterations in inhibitory control. To date, there is no established neuropsychological test to assess inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD. A common paradigm for assessing response inhibition is the stop-signal task (SST). Following PRISMA-selection criteria, our systematic review and meta-analysis integrated the findings of 26 publications with 27 studies examining the SST in adult ADHD. The meta-analysis, which included 883 patients with adult ADHD and 916 control participants, revealed reliable inhibitory control deficits, as expressed in prolonged SST response times, with a moderate effect size $$g$$ g = 0.51 (95% CI: 0.376–0.644, $$p$$ p 0.0001). The deficits were not moderated by study quality, s le characteristics or clinical parameters, suggesting that they may be a phenotype in this disorder. The analyses of secondary outcome measures revealed greater SST omission errors and reduced go accuracy in patients, indicative of altered sustained attention. However, only few ( N 10) studies were available for these measures. Our meta-analysis suggests that the SST, in conjunction with other tests and questionnaires, could become a valuable tool for assessing inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD.
Location: Germany
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Daniel Senkowski.