ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7199-6106
Current Organisation
The University of Texas at Austin
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-02-2022
DOI: 10.1002/ECY.3614
Abstract: Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open, and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e., berry mass, number of fruits, and fruit density [kg/ha], among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), North America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). S ling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001–2005 (21 studies), 2006–2010 (40), 2011–2015 (88), and 2016–2020 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non‐commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should be shared under the same license terms (CC BY‐NC‐SA).
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-08-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-01-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ELE.14146
Abstract: Ecosystem services (ESs) are essential for human well‐being, especially in urban areas where 60% of the global population will live by 2030. While urban habitats have the potential to support bio ersity and ES, few studies have quantified the impact of local and landscape management across a erse suite of services. We leverage 5 years of data ( observations) across a network of urban community gardens to determine the drivers of bio ersity and ES trade‐offs and synergies. We found multiple synergies and few trade‐offs, contrasting previous assumptions that food production is at odds with bio ersity. Furthermore, we show that natural landscape cover interacts with local management to mediate services provided by mobile animals, specifically pest control and pollination. By quantifying the factors that support a erse suite of ES, we highlight the critical role of garden management and urban planning for optimizing bio ersity and human benefit.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 20-02-2019
DOI: 10.1101/554170
Abstract: Human land use threatens global bio ersity and compromises multiple ecosystem functions critical to food production. Whether crop yield-related ecosystem services can be maintained by few abundant species or rely on high richness remains unclear. Using a global database from 89 crop systems, we partition the relative importance of abundance and species richness for pollination, biological pest control and final yields in the context of on-going land-use change. Pollinator and enemy richness directly supported ecosystem services independent of abundance. Up to 50% of the negative effects of landscape simplification on ecosystem services was due to richness losses of service-providing organisms, with negative consequences for crop yields. Maintaining the bio ersity of ecosystem service providers is therefore vital to sustain the flow of key agroecosystem benefits to society.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-07-2020
DOI: 10.1002/EAP.2201
Abstract: Ecological networks can provide insight into how bio ersity loss and changes in species interactions impact the delivery of ecosystem services. In agroecosystems that vary in management practices, quantifying changes in ecological network structure across gradients of local and landscape composition can inform both the ecology and function of productive agroecosystems. In this study, we examined natural‐enemy–herbivore co‐occurrence networks associated with Brassica oleracea (cole crops), a common crop in urban agricultural systems. Specifically, we investigated how local management characteristics of urban community gardens and the landscape composition around them affect (1) the abundance of B. oleracea herbivores and their natural enemies, (2) the natural‐enemy : herbivore ratio, and (3) natural‐enemy–herbivore co‐occurrence network metrics. We s led herbivores and natural enemies in B. oleracea plants in 24 vegetable gardens in the California, USA central coast region. We also collected information on garden characteristics and land‐use cover of the surrounding landscape (2 km radius). We found that increased floral richness and B. oleracea abundance were associated with increased parasitoid abundance, non‐aphid herbivore abundance, and increased network vulnerability increased vegetation complexity suppressed parasitoid abundance, but still boosted network vulnerability. High agricultural land‐use cover in the landscape surrounding urban gardens was associated with lower predator, parasitoid, and non‐aphid herbivore abundance, lower natural‐enemy : herbivore ratios, lower interaction richness, and higher trophic complementarity. While we did not directly measure pest control, higher interaction richness, higher vulnerability, and lower trophic complementarity are associated with higher pest control services in other agroecosystems. Thus, if gardens function similarly to other agroecosystems, our results indicate that increasing vegetation complexity, including trees, shrubs, and plant richness, especially within gardens located in intensively farmed landscapes, could potentially enhance the bio ersity and abundance of natural enemies, supporting ecological networks associated with higher pest control services.
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 17-03-2021
Abstract: While an increasing number of studies indicate that the range, ersity and abundance of many wild pollinators has declined, the global area of pollinator-dependent crops has significantly increased over the last few decades. Crop pollination studies to date have mainly focused on either identifying different guilds pollinating various crops, or on factors driving spatial changes and turnover observed in these communities. The mechanisms driving temporal stability for ecosystem functioning and services, however, remain poorly understood. Our study quantifies temporal variability observed in crop pollinators in 21 different crops across multiple years at a global scale. Using data from 43 studies from six continents, we show that (i) higher pollinator ersity confers greater inter-annual stability in pollinator communities, (ii) temporal variation observed in pollinator abundance is primarily driven by the three-most dominant species, and (iii) crops in tropical regions demonstrate higher inter-annual variability in pollinator species richness than crops in temperate regions. We highlight the importance of recognizing wild pollinator ersity in agricultural landscapes to stabilize pollinator persistence across years to protect both bio ersity and crop pollination services. Short-term agricultural management practices aimed at dominant species for stabilizing pollination services need to be considered alongside longer term conservation goals focussed on maintaining and facilitating bio ersity to confer ecological stability.
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Shalene Jha.