ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4409-0063
Current Organisation
University of Newcastle Australia
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Law | Access to Justice | Translation and Interpretation Studies | Courts and Sentencing | Criminal Law and Procedure | Justice Systems And Administration | Forensic Psychology | Evidence And Procedure | Language Studies | Psychological Methodology, Design And Analysis | Law and Society | Criminology | Adjudication | Architecture | Architecture | Interior And Environmental Design | Psychology | Litigation, Adjudication and Dispute Resolution | Film And Video | Psychological Methodology, Design and Analysis | Social and Community Psychology
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Legal Processes | Criminal Justice | Justice and the law not elsewhere classified | Expanding Knowledge in Psychology and Cognitive Sciences | Communication Across Languages and Culture | Law Reform | Understanding legal processes | Civics and citizenship | Expanding Knowledge in Law and Legal Studies | Studies in human society | Civil |
Related Links
Publications
Psychology and the Law, Overview
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2004
Similarities in modi operandi of institutional and non-institutional child sexual offending: Systematic case comparisons
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHIABU.2018.08.002
Abstract: Little is known about the extent to whichinstitutional child sex offending differs from non-institutional offending. Strategies to secure the compliance of child victims were systematically compared to compare the modi operandi (prior to, during and following abuse), and the type of power (intimate, aggressive, coercive) applied by child sexual offenders in institutional versus non-institutional settings. A s le of 59 of the most recent child sexual abuse cases referred for prosecution in three Australian states was manually reviewed and coded. Of these, six were cases of institutional abuse, one of which involved crossover offending. Based on complainant age and gender and patterns in offending behaviors, institutional cases were matched with cases of non-institutional abuse. Complainants of both genders ranged in age from 5 to 16 years at abuse onset. Offenders were male family members or friends, priests, an employer and one female school teacher. Results demonstrated commonalities in the modi operandi and grooming methods applied in institutional and non-institutional contexts. Implications for abuse prevention are summarized.
Practitioners' Opinions of Best Interests of the Child in Australian Legislation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2014
Effectiveness of a Domestic Abuse Program for Australian Indigenous Offenders
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 27-04-2020
Abstract: The subject of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a culture-neutral domestic abuse program (DAP) developed for offenders with domestic and family violence histories, when used for Australian Indigenous offenders, serving community-based supervised orders. The study employed a retrospective quasi-experimental research design and intention-to-treat program definition for 953 DAP-treated men and propensity score–matched controls, from erse cultural, religious, and racial backgrounds, 19% being Indigenous Australians. Outcomes measured were program completion, time to first reconviction, and reconviction rates. Indigenous men completed the program similar to non-Indigenous men (58% vs. 63% NS), although significantly more dropped out (22% vs. 18%) 63% of Indigenous DAP-treated men, remained reconviction free versus 49% of Indigenous controls. Significant therapeutic benefits required program completion, 73% Indigenous and 74% of non-Indigenous men remained reconviction free. Indigenous DAP participants, relative to controls, took significantly longer to first reconviction. Survival was associated with prior criminal histories, but not with rural or remote domiciles. Reconviction rates were predicted by Level of Service Inventory–Revised actuarial risk scores and by DAP completion, but not by Indigenous status. Program effect size was d = .477, mean reconvictions for Indigenous DAP enrollees being 50% lower than controls. Generic domestic violence interventions utilising evidence-based theoretical principles can be effective for Indigenous offenders, despite an absence of specific Indigenous cultural, or healing content, and delivery by Indigenous facilitators or Elders.
Judges' delivery of ground rules to child witnesses in Australian courts
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHIABU.2017.08.005
Abstract: Ground rules directions are given to children in forensic interviews to explain what is expected of them, and to reduce their tendency to acquiesce to erroneous or incomprehensible questions. Ground rules may also be necessary when children provide testimony in court. Drawing on research conducted for the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, the present study examined the use of ground rules directions delivered in court in 52 trials by 24 presiding judges in three jurisdictions to 57 child complainants (aged 7-17.5 years). Eleven categories of rules were identified. The number of words spoken to deliver each rule was counted, and grade-level readability scores were calculated as a proxy for the complexity of the ground rules. When judges asked comprehension or practice questions, the question types were coded. More than one third of the children (35%) received no ground rules directions from the judge the remaining 65% received directions on an average of 3.5 types of ground rules out of a maximum of 11 types. While comprehension questions were common, practice questions were rare. Comprehension questions were most often presented in a yes/no format that implied the expected response, although this form of question is unlikely to provide an effective assessment of a child's comprehension. Neither the number of rules delivered nor the number of words used was related to children's age. Implications for children's court testimony are discussed.
The influence of gruesome verbal evidence on Mock Juror verdicts
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2004
Does interpreter location make a difference?
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 31-03-2022
Abstract: Remote interpreting has traditionally been the less preferred option when compared to face-to-face interpreting. But the recent pandemic has shifted the landscape, making remote interpreting the default in many, if not most, settings. Improved videoconferencing technologies have facilitated this transition. The main question is whether remote interpreting has any impact on interpreter performance, including interpreting accuracy. This article presents the results of an experimental study that compared the performance of 103 qualified interpreters in three language combinations (English + Arabic, Mandarin and Spanish) in three conditions (face-to-face vs video remote vs audio remote interpreting) in the context of simulated police interviews. The interpreters’ preferences and perceptions were elicited and analysed, and their performance assessed by independent trained raters using detailed marking criteria. The results showed no significant differences between face-to-face and video interpreting, but significant decrements in audio remote interpreting performance. More than one-third of the interpreters perceived remote interpreting as being more difficult due to technological challenges. No differences emerged between the language groups on any measure.
Securing reliable information in investigative interviews: coercive and noncoercive strategies preceding turning points
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-10-2018
Juries in the Digital Age: Managing Juror Online and Social Media Use During Trial
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Mock Jury and Juror Responses to Uncharged Acts of Sexual Misconduct: Advances in the Assessment of Unfair Prejudice
Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
Date: 07-2020
DOI: 10.1027/2151-2604/A000410
Abstract: Abstract. Internationally, admissible incriminating evidence of uncharged acts by the accused is presumed unfairly prejudicial, and remains controversial. In an experimental study, 325 jury-eligible citizens were randomly assigned to a simulated trial in which the accused faced two charges. Juries were exposed to no evidence of uncharged acts or prejudicial evidence describing four uncharged sexual acts by the accused reported by the complainant or two independent witnesses. Jury inferences about the accused’s sexual interest in children and his criminal intent were logically related to the source and type of evidence. While ratings of the likelihood of culpability increased with evidence of uncharged acts, juries were reluctant to convict solely on the basis of the complainant’s word. Jury deliberations disclosed that prejudicial evidence did not induce impermissible reasoning or a lower threshold of proof. Multiple convergent measures revealed little danger of unfair prejudice to the accused.
Quasirational models of sentencing
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 09-2015
Forensic psychological expertise in the wake of Daubert.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 04-1997
Predicting career stability and mobility: Embeddedness and boundarylessness
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-10-2014
Abstract: This study tested occupational embeddedness and boundaryless career attitudes as a complementary explanation for career stability and mobility, in occupations previously known for lifetime employment. Current and former Australian teachers and police officers ( n = 315) completed an online survey about their careers. Consistent with the hypothesis, logistic regression analyses confirmed that embeddedness-related variables such as financial responsibility and age predicted having made an active decision to stay in the chosen occupation, and boundaryless career attitudes predicted having left that occupation to change careers. Contrary to the hypothesis, years in the career predicted a history of mobility and years of career-specific education did not add predictive utility to the model. Overall, the findings partially supported the complementary explanation for career stability and mobility. By including current and former occupational members, and identifying predictors of career behavior, this study contributed to deeper understanding of the changing nature of previously lifelong careers.
Detecting deception in police investigations: Implications for false confessions
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2008
Protecting human rights in Australian investigative interviews: the role of recording and interview duration limits
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2014
Complaints against the New South Wales Police Force: Analysis of risks and rights in reported police conduct
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2014
Approaches to gender and the law: Research and applications.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 02-1998
Interpreting profanity in police interviews
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 26-07-2020
Abstract: Professional interpreters are obliged by their codes of ethics to interpret the speakers’ speech faithfully, including offensive, profane or vulgar language. In order to achieve this goal, interpreters need to be pragmatically competent, so as to understand the intention and effect of the offensive remark in the source language and be able to appropriately render it into the target language to achieve the same effect in the hearer. Research has shown, however, that not all interpreters abide by this requirement, and many tend to tone down or even omit any offensive language, for a number of reasons, including attempts to protect the hearers or to save their own face. This study examined the ways in which Arabic, Mandarin and Spanish speaking interpreters interpreted offensive language by a suspect in a simulated police interview into English. Experienced qualified interpreters in the three languages, maintained the highest levels of pragmatic equivalence.
Using multimedia to support jury understanding of DNA profiling evidence
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2008
International consensus on effective and ineffective interviewing strategies: a survey of experienced practitioners
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-06-2019
Career decisions by Australian police officers: a cross-section of perspectives on entering, staying in and leaving policing careers
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-09-2015
Enhancing Police Responses to Domestic Violence Incidents
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 13-11-2015
Abstract: In an online survey about experiences with the police complaint system, 239 client advocates described a recent incident in which a client with grounds to lodge a complaint declined to do so. Almost one third of those incidents involved domestic violence. Thematic analysis of case descriptions revealed that many police did not take domestic violence reports seriously. A typology of problematic police conduct was developed. Many officers failed to observe current procedures and appeared to lack knowledge of relevant laws. Citizens feared retaliatory victimization by police and/or perceived that complaining was futile. Implications of these findings are reviewed in light of procedural justice theory.
Discussions about child witness interviews during Australian trials of child sexual abuse
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-11-2019
Social persuasion to develop rapport in high-stakes interviews: qualitative analyses of Asian-Pacific practices
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-08-2016
Transverse sectioning in the evaluation of skin biopsy specimens from alopecic dogs.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-10-2020
DOI: 10.1111/JSAP.13243
The case of Kathleen Folbigg: How did justice and medicine fare?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2007
The influence of relationship and physical evidence on police decision-making in sexual assault cases
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2008
Compensation for pain, suffering, and other psychological injuries: The of Daubert on employment discrimination claims
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-1995
Diagnosis of psychological impairment in employment discrimination claims
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-1995
An Opportunity to Be Heard: Family Experiences of Coronial Investigations Into Missing People and Views on Best Practice
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 12-11-2019
Decisions to Participate in Restorative Justice Conferences: Effects of Convenor Identity and Power–Distance
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2008
Differentiating Predictive Validity and Practical Utility for the Australian Adaptation of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 21-03-2018
Abstract: The predictive validity for the Australian Adaptation of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory was tested in a large s le ( N = 4,401) of community-based juvenile offenders in New South Wales, Australia. First, we compared gender and ethnic subgroups on domain, total scores, and predictive validity. Both similarities and modest differences emerged in mean scores across subgroups. The pattern of predictive validity results showed comparable indices by gender and ethnic subgroups. Second, we supplemented our quantitative method with a review of 26 case files with the lowest risk scores and a 1-year reoffense, and 25 case files with the highest risk scores and no 1-year reoffense. We discuss implications of the findings for improving the predictive validity and practical utility of risk–need assessment with juvenile offenders.
Measuring Trust and Confidence in Courts
Publisher: International Association for Court Administration
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.36745/IJCA.418
Life course research design: Exploring career change experiences of former school teachers and police officers
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-02-2014
Abstract: Once associated with lifetime employment, policing and teaching have become increasingly associated with employee attrition. We used a life course research design to explore career turning points and transitions, in the context of preceding and following careers. Former police officers ( n = 9) and former teachers ( n = 15) from around Australia participated in 30- to 60-min interviews about their careers and career decision making. Transcribed interview responses were analyzed using contextualizing and categorizing methods. Although participants’ experiences of ruptures preceding voluntary career change differed, the theme of feeling undervalued as a result of ruptures was common among participants. Participants felt valued in subsequent careers when prior skills were recognized and opportunities existed to acquire and apply new skills. Practical implications include the need for organizations to offer supportive workplace environments that value in idual members and their contributions.
Association between Interview Quality and Child Sexual Abuse Trial Outcome
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-03-2019
Effects of Terrorist Charges and Threatening Conduct on Mock Jurors’ Decisions
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-12-2016
Trust and Power-Distance: A Psychological Perspective on Fairness in Restorative Justice Conferences
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2006
Inconsistencies in complainant's accounts of child sexual abuse arising in their cross-examination
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-06-2201
An evaluation of the question types used by criminal justice professionals with complainants in child sexual assault trials
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-01-2022
DOI: 10.1177/26338076211068182
Abstract: The way that complainants of child sexual assault are questioned about their experiences can profoundly influence the accuracy, credibility, and consistency of their evidence. This is the case for all people, but especially children whose language, social, and cognitive capacity is still developing. In this study, we examined the questions used by a representative s le of Australian prosecutors, defense lawyers, and judges/magistrates to determine if this is an area that warrants improvement. Our focus was the type of questions used by the different professionals and how (if at all) these varied across complainant age groups (children, adolescents, and adults, total N = 63). Our findings revealed that each complainant group was questioned in a manner known to heighten misunderstanding and error (e.g., complex and leading questions were used frequently by all professional groups). There was also little indication of question adaption according to age (e.g., prosecutors asked children more complex questions than they asked adults). When the results are considered in the context of the broader literature on the impact of different question styles, they suggest that professional development in questioning would improve the quality of trial advocacy and judicial rulings.
The biasing influence of linguistic variations in DNA profiling evidence
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-01-2014
High-stakes interviews and rapport development: practitioners? perceptions of interpreter impact
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2019
Are all complainants of sexual assault vulnerable? Views of Australian criminal justice professionals on the evidence-sharing process
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1177/13657127211060556
Abstract: Cases of historic child assault typically rely on the complainant's narrative due to lack of corroborating evidence. Although it is important that complainants give their best evidence, concern has been expressed that evidence-sharing procedures are suboptimal. This study explored criminal justice professionals’ perspectives on the utility of introducing reforms to the evidence-sharing process. We interviewed judges, prosecutors, defence counsel and witness assistance officers ( N = 43) on the utility of regulating the questioning of complainants and of using video-recorded interviews as evidence-in-chief. Many professionals perceived that adult complainants of child assault were vulnerable and supported reforms to evidence-sharing. Primary objections to these reforms were the belief that all adult complainants should share evidence in the same way and the poor quality of investigative interviews. This study illuminates potential barriers to the implementation of reforms which would change how adult complainants of child assault give evidence.
Workplace Sexual Harassment in Policing: Perceived Psychological Injuries by Source and Severity
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-08-2016
SCN5A mutations in 442 neonates and children: genotype–phenotype correlation and identification of higher-risk subgroups
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 27-07-2018
Abstract: To clarify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with SCN5A-mediated disease and to improve their risk stratification. A multicentre, international, retrospective cohort study was conducted in 25 tertiary hospitals in 13 countries between 1990 and 2015. All patients ≤16 years of age diagnosed with a genetically confirmed SCN5A mutation were included in the analysis. There was no restriction made based on their clinical diagnosis. A total of 442 children {55.7% boys, 40.3% probands, median age: 8.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 9.5] years} from 350 families were included 67.9% were asymptomatic at diagnosis. Four main phenotypes were identified: isolated progressive cardiac conduction disorders (25.6%), overlap phenotype (15.6%), isolated long QT syndrome type 3 (10.6%), and isolated Brugada syndrome type 1 (1.8%) 44.3% had a negative electrocardiogram phenotype. During a median follow-up of 5.9 (IQR 5.9) years, 272 cardiac events (CEs) occurred in 139 (31.5%) patients. Patients whose mutation localized in the C-terminus had a lower risk. Compound genotype, both gain- and loss-of-function SCN5A mutation, age ≤1 year at diagnosis in probands and age ≤1 year at diagnosis in non-probands were independent predictors of CE. In this large paediatric cohort of SCN5A mutation-positive subjects, cardiac conduction disorders were the most prevalent phenotype CEs occurred in about one-third of genotype-positive children, and several independent risk factors were identified, including age ≤1 year at diagnosis, compound mutation, and mutation with both gain- and loss-of-function.
Tracking labels for occurrences of alleged child abuse from police interviews to trials
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-01-2019
DOI: 10.1111/LCRP.12146
Abstract: Labelling (i.e., naming) in idual occurrences of repeated abuse allegations with explicit and consistent terms may improve children's reporting of these offences. The aim of the present study was to track labels for occurrences of alleged child sexual abuse from the police interview to court proceedings. We examined the labels used in the police interviews and trials of 23 child complainants (5–15 years old at interview). The initiator of each label (child, interviewer, lawyer, or judge), stage of the process in which the label was generated, and the type of information used to label specific occurrences of abuse were recorded. Any subsequent reuse or replacement of the labels was also recorded. Most labels were created by police interviewers. Few children generated labels. Most occurrences of abuse were labelled early in the legal process 82% were first labelled either in the police interview or in the prosecution's opening statement. The labels were frequently replaced with alternate terms, with an average of three different labels for the same incident. After original labels were established for occurrences, they were just as likely to be replaced as they were to be reused. The most frequently observed label replacement was by defence lawyers during cross‐examination. Labels were used inconsistently throughout the police interview and trial. To give children the best chance of describing specific occurrences of abuse during legal proceedings, labels should be created from children's words wherever possible and used consistently thereafter by all justice professionals.
The effects of mode on interpreting performance in a simulated police interview
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 23-02-2021
Abstract: This study tested the effects of the consecutive and simultaneous interpreting modes in a simulated police interview, addressing four research questions: (1) Does the consecutive interpreting mode lead to more accurate interpreting than the simultaneous interpreting mode? (2) Do language combinations moderate the performance of similarly qualified interpreters? (3) Does experience in simultaneous interpreting in legal settings increase interpreting accuracy in SI? and (4) Which mode of interpreting do interpreters perceive to require more mental effort? A total of 70 interpreters interpreted a live simulated interview between an English-speaking interviewer and an Arabic-, Mandarin- or Spanish-speaking suspect. Mode was varied within participants, and the order of the mode was counter-balanced across participants. Interpreters rated their perceived mental effort after the task. Independent assessments of performance showed better results for the simultaneous interpreting mode, regardless of language. This effect held for accuracy of style, verbal rapport markers, and interpreting protocol.
Risk assessment in intellectually disabled offenders: Validation of the suggested ID supplement to the HCR-20
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2011
Interviewing high value detainees: Securing cooperation and disclosures
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-10-2014
DOI: 10.1002/ACP.3087
Defining workplace bullying behaviour professional lay definitions of workplace bullying
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJLP.2007.06.007
Abstract: As is commonly the case in new areas of research, workplace bullying researchers and practitioners have struggled to establish a single agreed-upon definition of this phenomenon. As a consequence, there are numerous definitions of workplace bullying currently in use around the world to investigate this serious workplace issue, to educate the workforce about this form of harassment and to assess claims involving allegations of workplace bullying. Additionally, little is known about how employees and people in general define workplace bullying behaviour, and whether current researcher, practitioner and legal definitions coincide with lay definitions of bullying. To compare researcher, practitioner and legal definitions of workplace bullying with lay definitions, the content of definitions composed by adults from erse personal and professional backgrounds (N=1095) was analysed. Results confirmed that components commonly used by researchers and practitioners, including the occurrence of harmful and negative workplace behaviours, were frequently cited by participants as central defining components of bullying behaviour. In addition, lay definitions often included themes of fairness and respect. The emergence of these themes has important consequences for organisations responding to, and attempting to prevent the occurrence of workplace bullying behaviour in that organisations in which bullying is tolerated may violate both local laws as well as their ethical responsibility to provide employees with a safe, professional and respectful workplace.
Legal decision making about (child) sexual assault complaints: the importance of the information-gathering process
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-10-2022
Special measures in child sexual abuse cases: views of Australian criminal justice professionals
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-04-2020
Exploring family experiences of missing persons inquests through the eyes of professionals and the lens of therapeutic jurisprudence
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-07-2022
Psychological impairment under the Americans with disabilities act: Legal guidelines
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 04-2000
Same-sex harassment: Implications of the Oncale decision for forensic evaluation of plaintiffs
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0798(199901/03)17:1<123::AID-BSL334>3.0.CO;2-V
Insightful or wishful: Lawyers' Ability to Predict Case Outcomes
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.1037/A0019060
Uncertainty and misconceptions about child sexual abuse: Implications for the criminal justice system
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2009
The influence of victim intoxication and victim attire on police responses to sexual assault
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-12-2011
DOI: 10.1002/JIP.127
Development of an information sheet providing rapport advice for interpreters in police interviews
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-02-2017
Enhancing Juror Understanding of Probabilistic DNA Evidence
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2006
A comparison of expert evidence and judicial directions to counter misconceptions in child sexual abuse trials
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-2011
Abstract: Studies on the influence of expert evidence and judicial instructions in child sexual abuse (CSA) cases have produced mixed outcomes. Using repeated measures, we tested the effectiveness of expert evidence and judicial directions in challenging common misconceptions about children’s memory and responses to sexual abuse. A CSA Misconceptions Questionnaire was administered to 118 psychology undergraduates who later served as virtual jurors in a simulated criminal trial. Specialized CSA knowledge was provided by a psychologist or via judicial directions. Expert evidence had two levels: clinical versus scientific testimony. Timing of judicial instructions had two levels: directions presented before the child testified versus during the judge’s summing up. In a fifth control condition, no specialized CSA information was included. After reading a trial transcript, mock-jurors assessed witness credibility, rendered verdicts and again completed the CSA Misconceptions Questionnaire. All four interventions significantly increased jurors’ CSA knowledge. The more they knew, the more likely they were to convict. Perceived victim credibility fully mediated the effect of CSA knowledge on verdict: information presented via expert testimony or judicial directions enhanced perceptions of victim credibility, which in turn increased convictions. Conviction rates were significantly higher in response to expert testimony from a clinical psychologist and a judicial instruction provided in the trial summation. These results are promising for courts and policy-makers grappling with low conviction rates in CSA jury trials.
DNA and the Changing Face of Justice
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-2006
Unconscious influences in sentencing decisions: A research review of psychological sources of disparity
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2010
The Relationship between Drug Use and Crime among Police Detainees: Does Gender Matter?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2013
Understanding World Jury Systems Through Social Psychological Research
Publisher: Psychology Press
Date: 15-04-2013
Validation of the Child Sexual Abuse Knowledge Questionnaire
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-11-2017
Pragmatic support for the reasonable victim standard in hostile workplace sexual harassment cases
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 09-1999
Special Measures for Children in Court: Law in Action in a Multi-agency Committee
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-06-2019
Construing motive in videotaped killings: The role of jurors' attitudes toward the death penalty.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 06-1998
A Forensic Examination of Court Reports
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-2013
Enhancing the credibility of complainants in child sexual assault trials: The effect of expert evidence and judicial directions
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2010
DOI: 10.1002/BSL.936
Abstract: This study investigated the knowledge and misconceptions of jury-eligible citizens about children's reliability as witnesses and responses to child sexual assault (CSA), and examined the influence of expert evidence and judicial directions in challenging common misconceptions. Community volunteers (N = 130) read one of five versions of a simulated jury trial, and completed a pre- and post-trial questionnaire to provide measures of their knowledge of children's responses to sexual abuse, perceptions of victim credibility, and verdict. Results revealed that endorsement of CSA misconceptions negatively impacted ratings of complainant credibility and verdicts. Judicial directions provided before the child complainant testified enhanced complainant credibility, which in turn predicted guilty verdicts. Comparisons of the effectiveness of two procedural legal mechanisms to manage juror misconceptions and improve knowledge about CSA provide guidance for future researchers investigating ways to increase fairness in cases of CSA.
Police interviewing of sexual assault victims: Current organizational responses and recommendations for improvement
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 11-09-2020
Using item response theory modelling to understand criminal justice professionals' perceptions of cross-examination in child sexual abuse trials
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-02-2023
Introducing Psychological Injury and Law
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2020
Civil Forensic Evaluation in Psychological Injury and Law: Legal, Professional, and Ethical Considerations
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-11-2020
Effectiveness of Pretrial Community-Based Diversion in Reducing Reoffending by Adult Intrafamilial Child Sex Offenders
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 14-03-2012
Abstract: To investigate whether ersion to a pretrial community-based ersion program reduced sexual reci ism in adult intrafamilial child sex offenders, 208 offenders assessed for treatment between 1989 and 2003 were monitored for periods ranging from 2.8 to 18 years. Participants accepted for treatment ( n = 88) were compared to those who declined ( n = 120). After applying propensity score analysis to control for selection bias, Probit regression analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate rates of desistance between the groups. Although differences were not statistically significant, estimated rates of sexual reoffending were lower and time taken to sexually reoffend was longer in the erted than the un erted group. An overall effect size for treatment was large (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.18, 1.5), and examination of the reci ists in the treatment group supported inferences of positive treatment effects. Limitations of this study are examined, and future directions for intrafamilial sex offender treatment are discussed.
Mock juror decision making in a civil negligence trial: The impact of gruesome evidence, injury severity, and information processing route
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-09-2011
An examination of implementation of special measures in child sexual assault trials and the problems that arise
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-04-2022
Gruesome evidence and emotion: Anger, blame, and jury decision-making
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 04-2006
DOI: 10.1007/S10979-006-9027-Y
Abstract: Judges assume that gruesome evidence can influence juror verdicts, but little is known about the manner in which the influence is manifested. In a 2 x 3 study that varied the gruesome content of photographic and verbal evidence, gruesome verbal evidence did not influence mock juror emotional states, and had no impact on the conviction rate. Mock jurors who saw gruesome photographs, compared with those who saw no photographs, reported experiencing significantly more intense emotional responses, including greater anger at the defendant. The conviction rate when visual evidence in the form of gruesome or neutral photographs was included was significantly higher than the conviction rate without photographic evidence. Mean ratings of the inculpatory weight of prosecution evidence by mock jurors presented with gruesome photographs were significantly higher than those by mock jurors who did not view any photographs. Further analyses revealed that mock juror anger toward the defendant mediated the influence of the gruesome photographs in enhancing the weight of inculpatory evidence.
The Evolving Role of the Public Prosecutor
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 24-09-2018
Juror decisions about damages in employment discrimination cases
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0798(199901/03)17:1<107::AID-BSL330>3.0.CO;2-X
Using a Five-Stage Model to Evaluate Workplace Discrimination Injuries
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-05-2013
Pretrial Diversion for Intrafamilial Child Sexual Offending: Does Biological Paternity Matter?
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 14-02-2012
Abstract: Diversion programs are generally reserved for offenders rated as low risk. The scant reci ism data on incest offenders classify intrafamilial offenders as lower risk than extrafamilial pedophiles. Even so, few community-based treatment programs accommodate offenders who sexually abuse children. Access to treatment programs for intrafamilial offenders is rare. Using a s le of 214 intrafamilial offenders who pled guilty on referral to a community-based pretrial ersion program for intrafamilial offenders, the authors explored whether biological fathers, typically classified as incest offenders, and nonbiological fathers, traditionally classified as extrafamilial pedophiles, benefited equally from ersion. Biological and nonbiological fathers were systematically compared to determine whether ersion programs should take the victim’s relationship to the offender—biological or nonbiological—into account when determining ersion eligibility. Effect sizes confirmed that the two subgroups of intrafamilial offenders were substantially similar on demographic features, characteristics of the index victim and index offense, and prior offending history. The victim–offender relationship was unrelated to acceptance into treatment, treatment completion, and sexual reoffending. These findings advance knowledge of sex offender subtypes and indicate that policies and practices that distinguish biological from nonbiological father offenders should be reconsidered. At a minimum, exclusion of nonbiological intrafamilial sex offenders from community-based treatment programs appears unwarranted.
The Impact of Presentation Modality on Perceptions of Truthful and Deceptive Confessions
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 16-04-2013
DOI: 10.1155/2013/164546
Abstract: This study examined the impact of presentation modality and the effectiveness of direct and indirect measures of deception to distinguish truthful from deceptive confessions. Confession statements were presented in one of three formats: audiovisual, audio-only, or written text. Forty-six observers classified each statement as true or false and provided ratings of confidence, information sufficiency, perceived cognitive load, and suspiciousness. Compared to audio and written confessions, exposure to audiovisual recordings yielded significantly lower accuracy rates for direct veracity judgements, with below chance level performance. There was no evidence that indirect measures assisted observers in discriminating truthful from deceptive confessions. Overall, observers showed a strong bias to believe confessions with poor detection rates for false statements. Reliance on video recordings to assess the veracity of confession evidence is unlikely to reduce wrongful convictions arising from false confessions.
Interpreter performance in police interviews. Differences between trained interpreters and untrained bilinguals
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 16-11-2018
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