ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0652-6372
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-02-2017
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-11-2017
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1155/2018/5846096
Abstract: Objective. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques can be used to selectively increase or decrease the excitability of a cortical region, providing a unique opportunity to assess the causal contribution of that region to the process being assessed. The objective of this paper is to systematically examine studies investigating changes in reaction time induced by noninvasive brain stimulation in healthy participants during movement preparation. Methods. A systematic review of the literature was performed in the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of science databases. A combination of keywords related to motor preparation, associated behavioral outcomes, and noninvasive brain stimulation methods was used. Results. Twenty-seven studies were included, and systematic data extraction and quality assessment were performed. Reaction time results were transformed in standardised mean difference and graphically pooled in forest plots depending on the targeted cortical area and the type of stimulation. Conclusions. Despite methodological heterogeneity among studies, results support a functional implication of five cortical regions (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, supplementary motor area, dorsal premotor cortex, and primary motor cortex), integrated into a frontoparietal network, in various components of motor preparation ranging from attentional to motor aspects.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEUROSCIENCE.2017.11.024
Abstract: Many studies have described the dynamic modulation of corticospinal excitability of the prime movers during motor preparation. However although anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) are an inherent part of most voluntary movements, investigation of trunk muscle corticospinal excitability during motor preparation has been neglected in the literature. In the present study, the corticospinal excitability of the superficial multifidus (sMF) and rectus abdominis (RA) muscle has been assessed during the preparation of rapid arm flexions and extensions in fifteen participants. A Warning signal informed participants to prepare to move prior to a Go signal. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied during baseline and at 6 time intervals before (Delay period) or after (Motor execution period) the Go signal. Results revealed a significant inhibition of the litude of sMF motor-evoked potentials in both flexion and extension movements within the Delay period compared to baseline, while no significant modulation was observed for RA. During the Motor Execution period for arm extension, sMF displayed even more inhibition, along with a large and significant facilitation of RA. During the Motor execution period for arm flexion, sMF presented a trend toward larger motor-evoked potential litude compared to Delay period. These results suggest the existence of two concurrent mechanisms underlying motor preparation for APA: (i) before the Go signal, a nonspecific inhibitory mechanism for sMF, likely to preclude motor program release (ii) after the Go signal, a task-specific modulation of corticospinal excitability consistent with the EMG pattern during the early phase of movement.
No related grants have been discovered for Cécilia Neige.