ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3099-630X
Current Organisation
University of Birmingham
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Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 20-06-2023
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PMED.1004233
Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common pathogen causing neonatal infections, leading to high mortality worldwide. Along with increasing antimicrobial use in neonates, carbapenem-resistant K . pneumoniae (CRKP) has emerged as a severe challenge for infection control and treatment. However, no comprehensive systematic review is available to describe the global epidemiology of neonatal CRKP infections. We therefore performed a systematic review of available data worldwide and combined a genome-based analysis to address the prevalence, clonal ersity, and carbapenem resistance genes of CRKP causing neonatal infections. We performed a systematic review of studies reporting population-based neonatal infections caused by CRKP in combination with a genome-based analysis of all publicly available CRKP genomes with neonatal origins. We searched multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane, bioRxiv, and medRxiv) to identify studies that have reported data of neonatal CRKP infections up to June 30, 2022. We included studies addressing the prevalence of CRKP infections and colonization in neonates but excluded studies lacking the numbers of neonates, the geographical location, or independent data on Klebsiella or CRKP isolates. We used narrative synthesis for pooling data with JMP statistical software. We identified 8,558 articles and excluding those that did not meet inclusion criteria. We included 128 studies, none of which were preprints, comprising 127,583 neonates in 30 countries including 21 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for analysis. We found that bloodstream infection is the most common infection type in reported data. We estimated that the pooled global prevalence of CRKP infections in hospitalized neonates was 0.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2% to 0.3%). Based on 21 studies reporting patient outcomes, we found that the pooled mortality of neonatal CRKP infections was 22.9% (95% CI, 13.0% to 32.9%). A total of 535 neonatal CRKP genomes were identified from GenBank including Sequence Read Archive, of which 204 were not linked to any publications. We incorporated the 204 genomes with a literature review for understanding the species distribution, clonal ersity, and carbapenemase types. We identified 146 sequence types (STs) for neonatal CRKP strains and found that ST17, ST11, and ST15 were the 3 most common lineages. In particular, ST17 CRKP has been seen in neonates in 8 countries across 4 continents. The vast majority (75.3%) of the 1,592 neonatal CRKP strains available for analyzing carbapenemase have genes encoding metallo-β-lactamases and NDM (New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase) appeared to be the most common carbapenemase (64.3%). The main limitation of this study is the absence or scarcity of data from North America, South America, and Oceania. CRKP contributes to a considerable number of neonatal infections and leads to significant neonatal mortality. Neonatal CRKP strains are highly erse, while ST17 is globally prevalent and merits early detection for treatment and prevention. The dominance of bla NDM carbapenemase genes imposes challenges on therapeutic options in neonates and supports the continued inhibitor-related drug discovery.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-37125-1
Abstract: We found an unusual Escherichia coli strain with resistance to colistin, carbapenem and amikacin from sewage. We therefore characterized the strain and determined the co-transfer of the resistance determinants. Whole genome sequencing was performed using both Illumina HiSeq X10 and MinION sequencers. Short and long reads were subjected to de novo hybrid assembly. Sequence type, antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmid replicons were identified from the genome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of all IncHI2 plasmids carrying mcr-1 available in GenBank was performed based on core genes. Conjugation experiments were performed. mcr-3 . 5 was cloned into E . coli DH5α. The strain belonged to ST410, a type with a global distribution. Two colistin-resistant genes, mcr-1 . 1 and mcr-3 . 5 , a carbapenemase gene bla NDM-5 , and a 16S methylase gene rmtB were identified on different plasmids of IncHI2(ST3)/IncN, IncP, IncX3 and IncFII, respectively. All of the four plasmids were self-transmissible and mcr-1 . 1 , mcr-3 . 5 , bla NDM-5 and rmtB were transferred together. mcr-1 -carrying IncHI2 plasmids belonged to several sequence types with ST3 and ST4 being predominant. MIC of colistin (4 μg/ml) for DH5α containing mcr-3 . 5 was identical to that containing the original mcr-3 variant. In conclusion, carbapenem resistance, colistin resistance and high-level aminoglycoside resistance can be transferred together even when their encoding genes are not located on the same plasmid. The co-transfer of multiple clinically-important antimicrobial resistance represents a particular challenge for clinical treatment and infection control in healthcare settings. Isolates with resistance to both carbapenem and colistin are not restricted to a given sequence type but rather are erse in clonal background, which warrants further surveillance. The amino acid substitutions of MCR-3.5 have not altered its activity against colistin.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 17-12-2021
Abstract: The United Kingdom has high rates of vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), exceeding 80% of adults. As immunity wanes and social distancing is relaxed, how are rates of illness and severe disease affected by more infectious variants? Elliott et al . used reverse transcription PCR data from the REACT-1 study, which showed exponential transmission as the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) was replaced by the Delta variant (B.1.617.2). After adjusting for age and other variables, vaccine effectiveness for the new variant averaged 55% in June and July of 2020. Despite the slower growth of the pandemic in the summer, it looks as if increased indoor mixing in the autumn will sustain transmission of the Delta variant despite high levels of adult vaccination. —CA
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-07-2015
DOI: 10.1038/SREP12275
Abstract: New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) represents a serious challenge for treatment and public health. A carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli clinical strain WCHEC13-8 was subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests, whole genome sequencing and conjugation experiments. It was resistant to imipenem (MIC, μg/ml) and meropenem (MIC, 128 μg/ml) and belonged to ST3835. bla NDM-1 was the only carbapenemase gene detected. Strain WCHEC13-8 also had a plasmid-borne AmpC gene ( bla CMY-42 ) and two extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes ( bla CTX-M-15 and bla SHV-12 ). bla NDM-1 and bla SHV-12 were carried by a 54-kb IncX3 self-transmissible plasmid, which is identical to plasmid pNDM-HF727 from Enterobacter cloacae . bla CMY-42 was carried by a 64-kb IncI1 plasmid and bla CTX-M-15 was located on a 141-kb plasmid with multiple F replicons (replicon type: F36:A4:B1). bla CMY-42 was in a complicated context and the mobilisation of bla CMY-42 was due to the transposition of IS Ecp1 by misidentifying its right-end boundary. Genetic context of bla NDM-1 in strain WCHEC13-8 was closely related to those on IncX3 plasmids in various Enterobacteriaceae species in China. In conclusion, a multidrug-resistant ST3835 E. coli clinical strain carrying bla NDM-1 , bla CTX-M-15 , bla CMY-42 and bla SHV-12 was identified. IncX3 plasmids may be making a significant contribution to the dissemination of bla NDM among Enterobacteriaceae in China.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-03-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41586-021-03470-X
Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7, designated variant of concern (VOC) 202012/01 by Public Health England
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 27-07-2018
DOI: 10.1093/JAC/DKY301
Abstract: A colistin-resistant mucoid Klebsiella strain was recovered from the blood of a patient in China. Hypervirulence has been reported in Klebsiella pneumoniae, but not in other Klebsiella spp. The strain was suspected to be hypervirulent and was therefore characterized. The strain was subjected to genome sequencing using both the short-read Illumina HiSeq X10 Sequencer and the long-read MinION sequencer. Precise species identification was established using average nucleotide identity based on genome sequences. Virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes were identified using ResFinder and the bigsdb database. Conjugation experiments were performed. Virulence was assessed using wax moth (Galleria mellonella) larvae with control Klebsiella strains of low virulence and hypervirulence. The strain had a 5 553 341 bp circular chromosome and a 236 355 bp large plasmid. It was identified as Klebsiella variicola. The strain had multiple virulence genes encoding mucoid phenotype regulator (rmpA and rmpA2), aerobactin (iucABCD-iutA), salmochelin (iroBCDN) and yersiniabactin (irp1-2 and ybtAEPQSTUX) on the plasmid, which was not self-transmissible. It exhibited enhanced virulence in the larvae model, suggesting that the strain was hypervirulent. It was resistant to colistin (MIC = 8 mg/L) but was susceptible to amikacin, aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, moxifloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and tigecycline. The D150G substitution in PhoP, part of the PhoP-Q two-component system, which is known to mediate colistin resistance, was present in the strain. Hypervirulence is not restricted to K. pneumoniae it is also seen in other Klebsiella spp. The convergence of colistin resistance and hypervirulence in K. variicola represents a new challenge for health.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.DIAGMICROBIO.2017.10.007
Abstract: Three carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates of the Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) were recovered from different patients in a hospital. All 3 isolates carried 2 carbapenemase genes bla
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-03-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41586-021-03412-7
Abstract: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is uncontrolled in many parts of the world control is compounded in some areas by the higher transmission potential of the B.1.1.7 variant
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 14-06-2018
DOI: 10.1093/JAC/DKY226
Abstract: New Delhi MBL (NDM) is a type of carbapenemase 20 variants of NDM have been identified to date. We have found a new variant of NDM, NDM-21, and describe it here. A carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli was subjected to WGS using an Illumina X10 sequencer to identify the antimicrobial resistance genes and its ST. The gene encoding the new variant of NDM was cloned into E. coli DH5α, with blaNDM-5 being cloned as the control. Transformants were tested for susceptibility to carbapenems. Mating was performed to obtain the plasmid carrying the new blaNDM gene and the complete plasmid sequence was obtained using long-read MinION sequencing. The E. coli isolate belonged to ST617 and phylogenetic group A. It had a gene encoding NDM-21, a new NDM variant. NDM-21 differs from NDM-5 by a Gly-to-Ser amino acid substitution at position 69 (G69S). NDM-21 retains the same activity against carbapenems as NDM-5. blaNDM-21 is carried by a 46.1 kb IncX3 plasmid, which is self-transmissible, and is located in a complex genetic context as blaNDM-5. The isolate also carried blaCTX-M-55, which encodes an ESBL conferring resistance to aztreonam (which completed its resistance to all clinically available β-lactams), and rmtB, which mediates high-level resistance to aminoglycosides, on an IncFII plasmid. A new NDM variant has been identified and blaNDM-21 has evolved from blaNDM-5 on an IncX3 plasmid.
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 22-12-2020
DOI: 10.1128/MSYSTEMS.00821-20
Abstract: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) is a serious global challenge with limited therapeutic options. Aztreonam-avibactam is a promising antimicrobial combination with activity against CPE producing serine-based carbapenemases and metallo-β-lactamases and has the potential to be a major option for combatting CPE. Aztreonam-avibactam resistance has been found, but resistance mechanisms remain largely unknown. Understanding resistance mechanisms is essential for optimizing treatment and developing alternative therapies. Here, we found that either penicillin-binding protein 3 modification or the elevated expression of cephalosporinase CMY-42 due to increased plasmid copy numbers does not confer resistance to aztreonam-avibactam, but their combination does. We demonstrate that increased plasmid copy numbers result from mutations in antisense RNA-encoding inc of the IncIγ replicon. The findings reveal that antimicrobial resistance may be due to concerted combinatorial effects of target alteration, hydrolyzing enzyme, and plasmid expression and also highlight that resistance to any antimicrobial combination will inevitably emerge.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00110-18
Abstract: In a carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate of sequence type 167, two copies of bla NDM-5 were found on a 144,225-bp IncF self-transmissible plasmid of the F36:A4:B − type. Both bla NDM-5 genes were located in 11,065-bp regions flanked by two copies of IS 26 . The two regions were identical in sequence but were present at different locations on the plasmid, suggesting a duplication of the same region. This study highlights the complex genetic contexts of bla NDM-5 .
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-01-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-18910-W
Abstract: Three carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli were recovered from rectal swabs of different patients in a tertiary hospital and were found carrying bla NDM-4, an uncommon bla NDM variant. Genome sequences of the isolates were obtained using Illumina technology and the long-read MinION sequencer. The isolates belonged to ST405 and phylogenetic group D, a globally distributed lineage associated with antimicrobial resistance. In addition to bla NDM-4 , the three isolates carried 14 known resistance genes including the extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene bla CTX-M-15 . There were only 1 or 2 SNPs between the isolates, suggesting a common origin and cryptic transmission in hospital. bla NDM-4 was located on a 46.5-kb IncFIA self-transmissible plasmid, which may facilitate further dissemination of bla NDM-4 . Two copies of IS 26 bracketed a 14.6-kb region containing bla NDM-4 and have the potential to form a composite transposon for mediating the mobilization of bla NDM-4 .
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-01-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S42003-022-03001-Y
Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has emerged as a severe global health challenge. We isolate and characterize two previously unidentified lytic phages, P24 and P39, with large burst sizes active against ST11 KL64, a major CRKP lineage. P24 and P39 represent species of the genera Przondovirus ( Studiervirinae subfamily) and Webervirus ( Drexlerviridae family), respectively. P24 and P39 together restrain CRKP growth to nearly 8 h. Phage-resistant mutants exhibit reduced capsule production and decreased virulence. Modifications in mshA and wcaJ encoding capsule polysaccharide synthesis mediate P24 resistance whilst mutations in epsJ encoding exopolysaccharide synthesis cause P39 resistance. We test P24 alone and together with P39 for decolonizing CRKP using mouse intestinal colonization models. Bacterial load shed decrease significantly in mice treated with P24 and P39. In conclusion, we report the characterization of two previously unidentified lytic phages against CRKP, revealing phage resistance mechanisms and demonstrating the potential of lytic phages for intestinal decolonization.
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 19-01-2022
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00006-21
Abstract: Klebsiella oxytoca is actually a complex of nine species— Klebsiella grimontii , Klebsiella huaxiensis , Klebsiella michiganensis , K. oxytoca , Klebsiella pasteurii , Klebsiella spallanzanii , and three unnamed novel species. Phenotypic tests can assign isolates to the complex, but precise species identification requires genome-based analysis.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHIN.2019.10.006
Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates (carrying the carbapenemase gene bla
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 12-2017
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01757-17
Abstract: A colistin- and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate was found to carry two plasmid-borne colistin-resistant genes, mcr-1 and the newly identified mcr-3 , and a carbapenemase gene, bla NDM-5 . mcr-3 is a new variant ( mcr-3.5 ) in the isolate and encodes three amino acid substitutions compared with the original MCR-3. mcr-3 was carried by a Tn As3 -like transposon on a self-transmissible IncP plasmid in the isolate, highlighting that mcr-3 may have widely spread.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.JGAR.2018.11.017
Abstract: Here we report the finding of three copies of the bla Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae clinical strain WCHKP2 was subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) using both a short-read Illumina HiSeq X10 platform and long-read MinION sequencer. Hybrid assembly was performed using Unicycler, and contigs were corrected using Pilon. Based on WGS, the sequence type (ST), capsular type, plasmid replicon type and plasmid multilocus sequence type were determined and virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes were identified. Mating was performed to identify a self-transmissible plasmid mediating carbapenem resistance. Strain WCHKP2 was resistant to imipenem [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)=64μg/mL] and meropenem (MIC=128μg/mL). Strain WCHKP2 had a 5477148-bp circular chromosome, two small ColRNAI-like plasmids (5596bp and 10060bp), and one large plasmid (177516bp, designated pKPC2_020002) containing an IncR and an IncFII replicon. Surprisingly, there were three copies of the bla Here we report the surprising co-existence of three copies of bla
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 03-09-2021
DOI: 10.1128/SPECTRUM.00058-21
Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae can be an opportunistic pathogen with the oral cavity and gut the main origin. However, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) can be found in patient surroundings and is a serious threat for human infections.
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 20-12-2022
DOI: 10.1128/MSYSTEMS.00799-22
Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a global challenge for human health. In health care settings, patients have frequent interactions with other patients and the environment, rendering challenges for untangling the introduction and transmission of CRKP.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-02-2021
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 25-10-2017
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-06-2018
DOI: 10.1093/JAC/DKY210
Abstract: The increase in infections as a result of MDR strains of Escherichia coli is a global health crisis. The emergence of globally disseminated lineages of E. coli carrying ESBL genes has been well characterized. An increase in strains producing carbapenemase enzymes and mobile colistin resistance is now being reported, but to date there is little genomic characterization of such strains. Routine screening of patients within an ICU of West China Hospital identified a number of E. coli carrying the blaNDM-5 carbapenemase gene, found to be two distinct clones, E. coli ST167 and ST617. Interrogation of publicly available data shows isolation of ESBL and carbapenem-resistant strains of both lineages from clinical cases across the world. Further analysis of a large collection of publicly available genomes shows that ST167 and ST617 have emerged in distinct patterns from the ST10 clonal complex of E. coli, but share evolutionary events involving switches in LPS genetics, intergenic regions and anaerobic metabolism loci. The identification of these lineages of E. coli and their shared genetic traits suggest there may be evolutionary events that underpin the emergence of carbapenem resistance plasmid carriage in E. coli.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-08-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S42003-019-0569-1
Abstract: There is an urgent need to understand the global epidemiological landscape of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC). Here we provide combined genomic and phenotypic characterization of the emergence of a CREC clone from the ST410 lineage. We show that the clone expands with a single plasmid, within which there is frequent switching of the carbapenemase gene type between bla NDM and bla OXA-181 with no impact on plasmid stability or fitness. A search for clone-specific traits identified unique alleles of genes involved in adhesion and iron acquisition, which have been imported via recombination. These recombination-derived allelic switches had no impact on virulence in a simple infection model, but decreased efficiency in binding to abiotic surfaces and greatly enhanced fitness in iron limited conditions. Together our data show a footprint for evolution of a CREC clone, whereby recombination drives new alleles into the clone which provide a competitive advantage in colonizing mammalian hosts.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 25-10-2018
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 02-2017
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02229-16
Abstract: A Klebsiella pneumoniae strain of sequence type 313 (ST313) recovered from hospital sewage was found carrying the plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-1 , which was bracketed by two copies of the insertion sequence IS Apl1 on a 57-kb self-transmissible IncP-type plasmid of a new IncP-1 clade. The carriage of mcr-1 on a self-transmissible broad-host-range plasmid highlights that mcr-1 has the potential to spread beyond the Enterobacteriaceae family.
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00160-18
Abstract: A carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate was recovered from human blood. Its whole-genome sequence was obtained using Illumina and long-read MinION sequencing. The strain belongs to sequence type 273 (ST273), which was found recently and caused an outbreak in Southeast Asia. It has two carbapenemase genes, bla NDM-1 (carried by an ST7 IncN self-transmissible plasmid) and bla IMP-4 (located on a self-transmissible IncHI5 plasmid). Non-KPC-producing ST237 may represent a lineage of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae , which warrants further monitoring.
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 02-2015
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00546-15
Abstract: C ylobacter jejuni is a highly erse species of bacteria commonly associated with infectious intestinal disease of humans and zoonotic carriage in poultry, cattle, pigs, and other animals. The species contains a large number of distinct clonal complexes that vary from host generalist lineages commonly found in poultry, livestock, and human disease cases to host-adapted specialized lineages primarily associated with livestock or poultry. Here, we present novel data on the ST403 clonal complex of C. jejuni , a lineage that has not been reported in avian hosts. Our data show that the lineage exhibits a distinctive pattern of intralineage recombination that is accompanied by the presence of lineage-specific restriction-modification systems. Furthermore, we show that the ST403 complex has undergone gene decay at a number of loci. Our data provide a putative link between the lack of association with avian hosts of C. jejuni ST403 and both gene gain and gene loss through nonsense mutations in coding sequences of genes, resulting in pseudogene formation.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-12-0001
DOI: 10.1038/S41586-021-04069-Y
Abstract: The evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus leads to new variants that warrant timely epidemiological characterization. Here we use the dense genomic surveillance data generated by the COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium to reconstruct the dynamics of 71 different lineages in each of 315 English local authorities between September 2020 and June 2021. This analysis reveals a series of subepidemics that peaked in early autumn 2020, followed by a jump in transmissibility of the B.1.1.7/Alpha lineage. The Alpha variant grew when other lineages declined during the second national lockdown and regionally tiered restrictions between November and December 2020. A third more stringent national lockdown suppressed the Alpha variant and eliminated nearly all other lineages in early 2021. Yet a series of variants (most of which contained the spike E484K mutation) defied these trends and persisted at moderately increasing proportions. However, by accounting for sustained introductions, we found that the transmissibility of these variants is unlikely to have exceeded the transmissibility of the Alpha variant. Finally, B.1.617.2/Delta was repeatedly introduced in England and grew rapidly in early summer 2021, constituting approximately 98% of s led SARS-CoV-2 genomes on 26 June 2021.
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 20-03-2019
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00115-18
Abstract: New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) is a metallo-β-lactamase able to hydrolyze almost all β-lactams. Twenty-four NDM variants have been identified in species of 11 bacterial families, and several variants have enhanced carbapenemase activity.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-05-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-26289-5
Abstract: A global outbreak of infections due to Mycobacterium chimaera has been linked to the LivaNova (formerly Sorin) 3 T heater-cooler units (HCUs). We performed a study to investigate M. chimaera from HCUs in China. Water s les were collected from all 3 T HCUs (n = 5) at our hospital in May 2017. Mycobacteria isolates were subjected to genome sequencing using the HiSeq X10 Sequencer. Species were identified based on average nucleotide identity with M. chimaera type strain DSM 44623 T . Paired-end reads of all M. chimaera genomes were retrieved from the SRA database and, together with our isolates, were mapped against the chromosome of M. chimaera reference strain ZUERICH-1 to call SNPs. Mycobacteria grew from three HCUs manufactured in 2009 but not from the two in 2016. The three isolates were identified as M. chimaera and differed from each other by 4 to 6 SNPs, and from ZUERICH-1 by 7 to 10 SNPs. The three isolates belonged to the subgroup 1.1 and were most closely related to strains of the subgroup 1.1 from HCUs or patients in Europe, Australia/New Zealand and USA, suggesting the same common source. This is the first report of M. chimaera from HCUs in China.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Alan McNally.