ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5460-5780
Current Organisation
University of Agriculture Faisalabad
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Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd
Date: 12-2020
Abstract: The evolution of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative pathogens is a substantial menace to public health sectors, notably in developing countries because of the scarcity of healthcare facilities. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) is a potent β-lactam enzyme able to hydrolyze several available antibiotics. NDM was identified from the clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli from a Swedish patient in New Delhi, India. This enzyme horizontally passed on to various Gram-negative bacteria developing resistance against a variety of antibiotics which cause treatment crucial. These bacteria increase fatality rates and play an integral role in the economic burden. The efficient management of NDM-producing isolates requires the coordination between each healthcare setting in a region. In this review, we present the prevalence of NDM in children, fatality and the economic burden of resistant bacteria, the clonal spread of NDM harboring bacteria and modern techniques for the detection of NDM producing pathogens.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-05-2009
DOI: 10.1038/JA.2009.37
Abstract: Escherichia coli are one of the leading causes of infection in wounds. Emerging multiple drug resistance among E. coli poses a serious challenge to antimicrobial therapy for wounds. This study was conducted to ascertain a baseline profile of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolates infecting surgical wounds. A total of 64 pus s les from hospitalized patients were screened and 29 (45.3%) were found to have E. coli, which were identified biochemically and confirmed by molecular methods. Using the disc diffusion method, antimicrobial resistance was observed toward tetracycline (100%), cefradine (100%), nalidixic acid (93.1%), icillin (86.2%), gentamicin (86.2%), cefixime (82.8%), ceftriaxone (82.8%), aztreonam (82.8%), ciprofloxacin (75.9%), streptomycin (72.4%), cefoperazone (65.5%), chlor henicol (58.6%) and amikacin (58.6%). In an effort to find relevant genes, 11 different genes were targeted by PCR. Among these, the mutated gyrA gene was found to be the most prevalent (82.8%), followed by the TEM (72.4%), catP (68.9%), catA1 (68.9%), tetB (62.1%), blt (58.6%), bla(CTX-M-15) (27.6%), bla(TEM) (20.7%), bla(OXA) (17.2%), tetA (17.2%) and aadA1 (13.8%) genes. The presence of integrons was also studied among these isolates. The prevalence of class 1 integrons was the highest (44.8%), followed by class 2 (27.6%). Three (10.3%) isolates carried both class 1 and class 2 integrons (first report from E. coli infecting wounds). The high incidence of integrons points toward their facilitation for carriage of antimicrobial resistance genes however, in nearly 37% isolates, no integrons were detected, indicating the significance of alternative mechanisms of gene transfer. Another salient finding was that all isolates were multidrug-resistant E. coli.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-09-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S189884
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-12-2019
Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Date: 22-10-2009
DOI: 10.3855/JIDC.66
Abstract: Background: Drug resistance is a major problem in Escherichia coli isolated from surgical wound infections. In this study, we evaluated relationship between phylogenicity and drug resistance. Methodology: A total of 29 multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates of known drug resistance genes and integron profile were selected for the present study. Triplex PCR was conducted for phylogenetic classification of these isolates into four established phylogenetic groups: A, B1, B2 and D. Statistical analysis was done to determine the association of different drug resistance genes and integrons with the phylogenetic groups. Results: Most of the isolates (44.8%) belonged to phylogenetic group A followed by group B2 and D (24.1% each) and group B1 (6.9%). Conclusions: There is a definitive relationship between drug resistance and various phylogenetic groups of E. coli infecting wounds. A shift towards phylogenetic group A might be observed with an increasing drug resistance profile.
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 2010
Abstract: The Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an emerging foodborne pathogen. The proportion of cases attributed to STEC in an episode of diarrhea in the Faisalabad region of Pakistan was investigated. In addition, as increase in Shiga toxin (Stx) release after exposure to various antimicrobial agents is widely reported, we also elucidated the in vitro effects of three commonly used antibiotics ( icillin, gentamicin, and cefotaxime) on Stx release. Isolation and detection of STEC was done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction, followed by phenotypic characterization. In vitro Stx release from isolated STEC was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Stx-induced verocytotoxicity was quantified using cytotoxicity detection assay. STEC was detected in 5 (21.7%) of 23 patients. Exposure to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of icillin, gentamicin, and cefotaxime resulted in a considerable decrease in toxin release and level of cytotoxicity in most of the STEC isolates when compared with control (without antibiotic exposure). Exposure to sub-MIC of icillin resulted in a relative increase in Stx release and cytotoxicity (p <or= 0.05) in three of the four isolates tested, whereas a decreasing trend was observed in isolates exposed to sub-MICs of gentamicin and cefotaxime. Sub-MIC of gentamicin resulted in largest decrease in Stx release and a similar trend was observed with cefotaxime to a lesser extent. In conclusion, these in vitro observations suggested that sub-MIC of icillin may stimulate Stx release and level of cytotoxicity and therefore should be avoided. Gentamicin did not show such effects and therefore may be considered for STEC antimicrobial therapy.
No related grants have been discovered for Mashkoor Mohsin.