ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4192-0682
Current Organisations
Research Centre of the CHU de Québec
,
Université Laval Faculté de médecine
,
Laval University Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Services
,
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
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Publications
Prebunking messaging to inoculate against COVID-19 vaccine misinformation: an effective strategy for public health
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-03-2022
Individual Value Clarification Methods Based on Conjoint Analysis: A Systematic Review of Common Practice in Task Design, Statistical Analysis, and Presentation of Results
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 29-03-2018
Abstract: Background. There is an increased practice of using value clarification exercises in decision aids that aim to improve shared decision making. Our objective was to systematically review to which extent conjoint analysis (CA) is used to elicit in idual preferences for clinical decision support. We aimed to identify the common practices in the selection of attributes and levels, the design of choice tasks, and the instrument used to clarify values. Methods. We searched Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science to identify studies that developed a CA exercise to elicit in idual patients’ preferences related to medical decisions. We extracted data on the above-mentioned items. Results. Eight studies were identified. Studies included a fixed set of 4–8 attributes, which were predetermined by interviews, focus groups, or literature review. All studies used adaptive conjoint analysis (ACA) for their choice task design. Furthermore, all studies provided patients with their preference results in real time, although the type of outcome that was presented to patients differed (attribute importance or treatment scores). Among studies, patients were positive about the ACA exercise, whereas time and effort needed from clinicians to facilitate the ACA exercise were identified as the main barriers to implementation. Discussion. There is only limited published use of CA exercises in shared decision making. Most studies resembled each other in design choices made, but patients received different feedback among studies. Further research should focus on the feedback patients want to receive and how the CA results fit within the patient–physician dialogue.
A Web Application About Herd Immunity Using Personalized Avatars: Development Study (Preprint)
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 11-05-2020
Abstract: lt i Herd immunity /i or i community immunity /i refers to the reduced risk of infection among susceptible in iduals in a population through the presence and proximity of immune in iduals. Recent studies suggest that improving the understanding of community immunity may increase intentions to get vaccinated. his study aims to design a web application about community immunity and optimize it based on users’ cognitive and emotional responses. ur multidisciplinary team developed a web application about community immunity to communicate epidemiological evidence in a personalized way. In our application, people build their own community by creating an avatar representing themselves and 8 other avatars representing people around them, for ex le, their family or coworkers. The application integrates these avatars in a 2-min visualization showing how different parameters (eg, vaccine coverage, and contact within communities) influence community immunity. We predefined communication goals, created prototype visualizations, and tested four iterative versions of our visualization in a university-based human-computer interaction laboratory and community-based settings (a cafeteria, two shopping malls, and a public library). Data included psychophysiological measures (eye tracking, galvanic skin response, facial emotion recognition, and electroencephalogram) to assess participants’ cognitive and affective responses to the visualization and verbal feedback to assess their interpretations of the visualization’s content and messaging. mong 110 participants across all four cycles, 68 (61.8%) were women and 38 (34.5%) were men (4/110, 3.6% not reported), with a mean age of 38 (SD 17) years. More than half (65/110, 59.0%) of participants reported having a university-level education. Iterative changes across the cycles included adding the ability for users to create their own avatars, specific signals about who was represented by the different avatars, using color and movement to indicate protection or lack of protection from infectious disease, and changes to terminology to ensure clarity for people with varying educational backgrounds. Overall, we observed 3 generalizable findings. First, visualization does indeed appear to be a promising medium for conveying what community immunity is and how it works. Second, by involving multiple users in an iterative design process, it is possible to create a short and simple visualization that clearly conveys a complex topic. Finally, evaluating users’ emotional responses during the design process, in addition to their cognitive responses, offers insights that help inform the final design of an intervention. isualization with personalized avatars may help people understand their in idual roles in population health. Our app showed promise as a method of communicating the relationship between in idual behavior and community health. The next steps will include assessing the effects of the application on risk perception, knowledge, and vaccination intentions in a randomized controlled trial. This study offers a potential road map for designing health communication materials for complex topics such as community immunity.
Underpinning of the sharing knowledge about immunisation (SKAI) communication approach: A qualitative study using recorded observations
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.PEC.2019.12.014
Abstract: To refine communication strategies to assist clinician conversations with vaccine hesitant and declining parents as part of the Sharing Knowledge About Immunisation (SKAI) package. We recorded and analysed consultations held in two Specialist Immunisation Clinics in tertiary hospitals in Australia between consenting clinicians and parents. We undertook content analysis that was both iterative and informed by the Calgary Cambridge Model of health communication and motivational interviewing. We found common strengths and opportunities in clinician's communication styles. Strengths included: rapport building communicating care for both the parent and child exhibiting depth of vaccination-specific communication skill and content knowledge. Opportunities for strengthening communication practices included: eliciting parents' concerns to saturation early in the consultation structuring the consultation to prioritise and address parents' concerns recognising and responding to parents' motivation to vaccinate effectively closing consultations. This study has synthesised clinical communication strategies from expert vaccination communicators using well-established communication frameworks to advance a unique approach to the challenging task of addressing vaccine hesitancy and refusal. The clinic observations helped us to create a structured consultation guide that can enhance and provide greater structure to a clinician's existing communication skills.
Sharing knowledge about immunisation (SKAI): An exploration of parents’ communication needs to inform development of a clinical communication support intervention
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.VACCINE.2017.10.077
Abstract: The SKAI (Sharing Knowledge About Immunisation) project aims to develop effective communication tools to support primary health care providers' consultations with parents who may be hesitant about vaccinating their children. This study explored parents' communication needs using a qualitative design. Parents of at least one child less than five years old were recruited from two major cities and a regional town known for high prevalence of vaccine objection. Focus groups of parents who held similar vaccination attitudes and intentions were convened to discuss experiences of vaccination consultations and explore their communication needs, including preferences. Draft written communication support tools were used to stimulate discussion and gauge acceptability of the tools. Important differences in communication needs between group types emerged. The least hesitant parent groups reported feeling reassured upon reading resources designed to address commonly observed concerns about vaccination. As hesitancy of the group members increased, so did their accounts of the volume and detail of information they required. Trust appeared to be related to apparent or perceived transparency. More hesitant groups displayed increased sensitivity and resistance to persuasive language forms.
A Web Application About Herd Immunity Using Personalized Avatars: Development Study
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 30-10-2020
DOI: 10.2196/20113
Abstract: Herd immunity or community immunity refers to the reduced risk of infection among susceptible in iduals in a population through the presence and proximity of immune in iduals. Recent studies suggest that improving the understanding of community immunity may increase intentions to get vaccinated. This study aims to design a web application about community immunity and optimize it based on users’ cognitive and emotional responses. Our multidisciplinary team developed a web application about community immunity to communicate epidemiological evidence in a personalized way. In our application, people build their own community by creating an avatar representing themselves and 8 other avatars representing people around them, for ex le, their family or coworkers. The application integrates these avatars in a 2-min visualization showing how different parameters (eg, vaccine coverage, and contact within communities) influence community immunity. We predefined communication goals, created prototype visualizations, and tested four iterative versions of our visualization in a university-based human-computer interaction laboratory and community-based settings (a cafeteria, two shopping malls, and a public library). Data included psychophysiological measures (eye tracking, galvanic skin response, facial emotion recognition, and electroencephalogram) to assess participants’ cognitive and affective responses to the visualization and verbal feedback to assess their interpretations of the visualization’s content and messaging. Among 110 participants across all four cycles, 68 (61.8%) were women and 38 (34.5%) were men (4/110, 3.6% not reported), with a mean age of 38 (SD 17) years. More than half (65/110, 59.0%) of participants reported having a university-level education. Iterative changes across the cycles included adding the ability for users to create their own avatars, specific signals about who was represented by the different avatars, using color and movement to indicate protection or lack of protection from infectious disease, and changes to terminology to ensure clarity for people with varying educational backgrounds. Overall, we observed 3 generalizable findings. First, visualization does indeed appear to be a promising medium for conveying what community immunity is and how it works. Second, by involving multiple users in an iterative design process, it is possible to create a short and simple visualization that clearly conveys a complex topic. Finally, evaluating users’ emotional responses during the design process, in addition to their cognitive responses, offers insights that help inform the final design of an intervention. Visualization with personalized avatars may help people understand their in idual roles in population health. Our app showed promise as a method of communicating the relationship between in idual behavior and community health. The next steps will include assessing the effects of the application on risk perception, knowledge, and vaccination intentions in a randomized controlled trial. This study offers a potential road map for designing health communication materials for complex topics such as community immunity.
Related Organisations
Laval University Research Institute For Primary Care And Health Services
Location: Canada
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for Holly Witteman.