ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3277-2729
Current Organisation
Université de Sherbrooke
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-07-2021
DOI: 10.1111/VOX.13176
Abstract: In Canada, men having sex with men (MSM) are deferred for 3 months from last sexual contact to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk to recipients. The aim of this paper was to model the Canadian residual risk of HIV‐positive source plasma incorporating pathogen inactivation (PI) under no MSM deferral scenarios for apheresis plasma donations. A combined Bayesian network (BN) and Monte Carlo approach were implemented to estimate the HIV residual risk under 3‐month deferral compared with no deferral without quarantine scenarios for MSM donors. Models involve the stochastic generation of donation and its infection status based on its corresponding simulated donor profile. Viral load reduction conferred by PI used by source plasma fractionators was simulated. Model parameters were derived from Héma‐Québec and Canadian Blood Services data, viral loads in a large s le of HIV‐positive US blood donors, CSL Behring documentation and from published data. In the most likely scenario for the 3‐month deferral model, there were 2.71 positive donations per 1,000,000 donations (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.63–2.78). For the no‐deferral model, there were 3.01 positive donations per 1,000,000 donations (95% CI 2.94–3.09). For both scenarios, the risk of having an infectious pool was 0 in 300,000 pools (95% CI 0–0.0000123) after consideration of PI. Based on simulation results, there would be a negligible HIV residual risk associated with the removal of a time‐based MSM deferral without quarantine for source plasma incorporating PI.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-10-2023
DOI: 10.1111/VOX.13545
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 13-04-2021
DOI: 10.1093/JAT/BKAB036
Abstract: The coefficient of correlation (r) and the coefficient of determination (R2 or r2) have long been used in analytical chemistry, bioanalysis and forensic toxicology as figures demonstrating linearity of the calibration data in method validation. We clarify here what these two figures are and why they should not be used for this purpose in the context of model fitting for prediction. R2 evaluates whether the data are better explained by the regression model used than by no model at all (i.e., a flat line of slope = 0 and intercept $\\bar y$), and to what degree. Hopefully, in the context of calibration curves, the fact that a linear regression better explains the data than no model at all should not be a point of contention. Upon closer examination, a series of restrictions appear in the interpretation of these coefficients. They cannot indicate whether the dataset at hand is linear or not, because they assume that the regression model used is an adequate model for the data. For the same reason, they cannot disprove the existence of another functional relationship in the data. By definition, they are influenced by the variability of the data. The slope of the calibration curve will also change their value. Finally, when heteroscedastic data are analyzed, the coefficients will be influenced by calibration levels spacing within the dynamic range, unless a weighted version of the equations is used. With these considerations in mind, we suggest to stop using r and R2 as figures of merit to demonstrate linearity of calibration curves in method validations. Of course, this does not preclude their use in other contexts. Alternative paths for evaluation of linearity and calibration model validity are summarily presented.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-06-2022
DOI: 10.1111/VOX.13299
Abstract: Blood operator must establish selection criteria according to the populations at risk of blood-related infections and complications. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the risks of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated with donations from trans persons. Donor screening data from Héma-Québec were used. The risks of TRALI and HIV were estimated based on internal data and assumptions derived from the literature. The risk was assessed under four scenarios: a most likely scenario, an optimistic scenario and two pessimistic scenarios. All scenarios assumed no prior screening for trans donors. The trans population comprised 134 donors, including 94 (70.1%) trans men. Of the 134 donors, 58 (43.3%) were deferred from donating a blood-derived product because of an ongoing gender-affirming genital surgery, and the remaining 76 (56.7%) were eligible donors. The risk of having a TRALI-causing donation, given that it comes from a trans man, was estimated at one every 115-999 years for all scenarios. The risk of having an HIV-contaminated donation, given that it comes from a trans woman, was estimated at one every 1881-37,600 years for all scenarios. This study suggests that donations from trans persons are associated with a negligible risk of TRALI and HIV.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-07-2020
DOI: 10.1002/DTA.2867
No related grants have been discovered for Félix Camirand Lemyre.