ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8610-0613
Current Organisation
York St John University
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-01-2016
DOI: 10.1038/BJC.2015.479
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2018
Abstract: The aim of this updated review is to consider the evidence base for the effectiveness of home-based exercise programmes as a treatment option for improving walking distance in patients with intermittent claudication. The Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro and Cochrane CENTRAL databases will be searched for terms including ‘intermittent claudication’, ‘peripheral arterial disease’, ‘home-based exercise’ and ‘home-based walking’. No date restrictions will be used but only articles in the English language will be included. Both randomised and non-randomised trials of home-based exercise programmes versus a comparator arm will be included, and a meta-analysis using only the randomised controlled trials will be attempted if the assumptions of heterogeneity are met. Data extraction will include study details, s le description, intervention description, length of follow-up and outcomes measures. The primary outcome measure is objectively measured maximal walking distance or time, with secondary outcome measures including pain-free walking distance or time, changes in physical activity and quality of life. We will also provide a narrative description of the effective components of a home-based exercise intervention which can aid future recommendations. Overall, this proposed review and meta-analysis aims provide a comprehensive and complete overview of the evidence base for home-based exercise programmes, which can aid clinicians in the management of their patients.
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 22-03-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2013
DOI: 10.1113/EXPPHYSIOL.2013.073353
Abstract: What is the central question of this study? Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer has been linked with increased cardiovascular risk, but the mechanisms are unclear. Is there evidence that endothelial dysfunction, as evidenced by reduced flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), is associated with ADT? What is the main finding and its importance? Reduction in FMD with preservation of glyceryl trinitrate-mediated dilatation indicates endothelial dysfunction in men with prostate cancer on long-term ADT compared with well-matched control subjects. Vascular endothelial dysfunction associated with long-term ADT for prostate cancer might explain the observed epidemiological increases in adverse cardiovascular events. Assessment of FMD may be useful in the monitoring of cardiovascular risk in men with prostate cancer on ADT. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with prostate cancer has been linked to an increased incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality, but the underpinning mechanisms are unclear. Endothelial dysfunction is considered a precursor for cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have reported variably on the association between ADT and endothelial function. This blinded case-control study examined endothelial function, using high-resolution ultrasound to measure flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)-mediated-dilatation in the brachial artery, in 20 men with prostate cancer (69 ± 7 years old) treated by ADT (median duration 22 months, range 6-133 months) and 20 men without prostate cancer (69 ± 5 years old) matched for age, physical activity, coexistent cardiovascular disease and body mass index. The magnitude of dilatation was calculated traditionally and allometrically scaled, adjusting for baseline diameter. There were no differences between groups for resting vascular measures (means ± SD). Flow-mediated dilatation was lower in men on ADT than in control subjects (3.9 ± 2.1 versus 5.9 ± 3.8% for traditional, P = 0.047 3.7 ± 2.7 versus 6.0 ± 2.7% for allometrically scaled, P = 0.023). Response to GTN was similar in both groups (12.2 ± 4.2 versus 14.8 ± 5.7% for traditional, P = 0.113 12.3 ± 4.6 versus 14.4 ± 4.6% for allometrically scaled, P = 0.163). The magnitude of difference in mean FMD between groups was marginally altered to 2.4% (95% confidence interval 0.3-4.5) after adjustment for the difference in body fat mass and concomitant cardiovascular medication, with the difference in FMD remaining significant (P = 0.029). There is evidence of endothelial dysfunction in men with prostate cancer on long-term ADT. Although a causal relationship is unproven, the findings are consistent with observational reports of adverse cardiovascular outcomes associated with long-term ADT for prostate cancer.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 12-02-2020
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.MVR.2011.09.002
Abstract: To compare cutaneous microvascular reactivity between untrained young and post-menopausal women, and assess the effects of 48 weeks of endurance exercise training on cutaneous microvascular reactivity in post-menopausal women. Twenty post-menopausal and 12 young women completed this study. Using laser-Doppler flowmetry, an index of skin blood flow was measured on the forearm at rest, during post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH), and during localised heating to 42°C. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated as the ratio of laser-Doppler flow to mean arterial pressure (in AU mm Hg(-1)). For the post-menopausal women, this assessment was also performed after 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 weeks of endurance exercise training. PORH and maximum CVC responses were depressed in untrained post-menopausal women compared with young controls (P ≤ 0.011 for all methods of data expression). PORH was increased (P<0.05) in the post-menopausal women after 24 weeks of exercise training (0.51 ± 0.16 vs. 0.65 ± 0.23 AU mm Hg(-1)), with further increases after 36 and 48 weeks (0.76 ± 0.27 and 0.88 ± 0.32 AU mm Hg(-1), respectively). Similarly, maximum CVC was increased (P<0.05) after 24 weeks (2.20 ± 0.31 vs. 2.66 ± 0.27 AU mm Hg(-1)), and at the 36-week assessment (2.90 ± 0.30 AU mm Hg(-1)). Cardiopulmonary fitness (V˙O(2)max) increased after 12 weeks (23.5 ± 4.4 vs. 25.4 ± 5.1 mL kg(-1)min(-1) P 0.05). Cutaneous microvascular reactivity is reduced in post-menopausal women compared to young controls and increased to similar levels after 24-36 weeks of mild-to-moderate endurance exercise.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Garry Tew.