ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1476-1137
Current Organisation
University College London
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: OTC
Date: 09-08-2021
DOI: 10.4043/30933-MS
Abstract: Wind farms are expected to be deployed in the North Sea in increasing numbers and at ever greater distances from land, over the coming decades. Many nearby oil and gas fields have reached or are near the end of their lifespans, and their operators are eager to explore innovative ways to reduce decommissioning costs. One possibility would be to repurpose some of their infrastructures for use by wind farms, which would both delay decommissioning and reduce the wind farm capital costs. This paper investigates the potential for repurposing existing submarine power cores in decommissioned oil and gas fields as transmission cables for offshore renewables. Offshore power cables generally have longer lifetimes than are needed to deplete hydrocarbon reservoirs. Cable transmission capacity could be too low to provide the main connection to wind farms, but there is scope to increase capacity or use cables as auxiliary connections. A qualification methodology is proposed to assess whether existing cables might be usefully repurposed. Repurposing cables has an impact on renewable project capital expenditure (CAPEX) and levelised cost of energy (LCOE), it also positively affects decommissioning cost and the environment. The qualification methodology provides a cost-effective initial appraisal prior to field testing.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C8EE01157E
Abstract: Hydrogen has been ‘just around the corner’ for decades, but now offers serious alternatives for decarbonising global heat, power and transport.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2015
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 21-04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.01.395
Abstract: Low carbon options for the chemical industry include switching from fossil to renewable energy, adopting new low-carbon production processes, along with retrofitting current plants with carbon capture for ulterior use (CCU technologies) or storage (CCS). In this paper, we combine a dynamic Life Cycle Assessment (d-LCA) with economic analysis to explore a potential transition to low-carbon manufacture of formic acid. We propose new methods to enable early technical, environmental and economic assessment of formic acid manufacture by electrochemical reduction of CO
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-06-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-01-2020
DOI: 10.1111/GCBB.12666
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-03-2022
DOI: 10.1002/ESE3.1126
Abstract: This paper is written in response to the paper “How green is blue hydrogen?” by R. W. Howarth and M. Z. Jacobson. It aims at highlighting and discussing the method and assumptions of that paper, and thereby providing a more balanced perspective on blue hydrogen, which is in line with current best available practices and future plant specifications aiming at low CO 2 emissions. More specifically, in this paper, we show that: (i) the simplified method that Howarth and Jacobson used to compute the energy balance of blue hydrogen plants leads to significant overestimation of CO 2 emissions and natural gas (NG) consumption and (ii) the assumed methane leakage rate is at the high end of the estimated emissions from current NG production in the United States and cannot be considered representative of all‐NG and blue hydrogen value chains globally. By starting from the detailed and rigorously calculated mass and energy balances of two blue hydrogen plants in the literature, we show the impact that methane leakage rate has on the equivalent CO 2 emissions of blue hydrogen. On the basis of our analysis, we show that it is possible for blue hydrogen to have significantly lower equivalent CO 2 emissions than the direct use of NG, provided that hydrogen production processes and CO 2 capture technologies are implemented that ensure a high CO 2 capture rate, preferably above 90%, and a low‐emission NG supply chain.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: H2FC Supergen
Date: 2017
Publisher: Johnson Matthey
Date: 04-2021
DOI: 10.1595/205651321X16049404388783
Abstract: Long-distance air travel requires fuel with a high specific energy and a high energy density. There are no viable alternatives to carbon-based fuels. Synthetic jet fuel from the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process, employing sustainable feedstocks, is a potential low-carbon alternative. A number of synthetic fuel production routes have been developed, using a range of feedstocks including biomass, waste, hydrogen and captured carbon dioxide. We review three energy system models and find that many of these production routes are not represented. We examine the market share of synthetic fuels in each model in a scenario in which the Paris Agreement target is achieved. In 2050, it is cheaper to use conventional jet fuel coupled with a negative emissions technology than to produce sustainable synthetic fuels in the TIAM-UCL and UK TIMES models. However, the JRC-EU-TIMES model, which represents the most production routes, finds a substantial role for synthetic jet fuels, partly because underground CO 2 storage is assumed limited. These scenarios demonstrate a strong link between synthetic fuels, carbon capture and storage (CCS) and negative emissions. Future model improvements include better representing blending limits for synthetic jet fuels to meet international fuel standards, reducing the costs of synthetic fuels and ensuring production routes are sustainable.
Publisher: Thomas Telford Ltd.
Date: 12-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 21-04-2020
DOI: 10.5194/BG-2020-93
Abstract: Abstract. Water erosion in agricultural fields can reduce soil fertility and agricultural productivity. Despite the impact of water erosion on crops, it is typically neglected in global crop yield projections. Furthermore, previous efforts to quantify global water erosion have paid little attention to the effects of field management on the magnitude of water erosion. In this study, we analyse the robustness of simulated water erosion estimates in wheat and maize fields between the years 1980 to 2010 based on daily model outputs from a global gridded version of the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) crop model. Using the MUSS water erosion equation and country-specific and environmental indicators determining different intensities in tillage, residue handling and cover crops, we simulate global annual median and average water erosion rates of 6 t ha−1 and 19 t ha−1 and an annual soil removal of 7 Gt in global wheat and maize fields. A comparison of our simulation results with field data demonstrates an overlap of simulated and measured water erosion values for the majority of global cropland. Slope inclination and daily precipitation are key factors in determining the agreement between simulated and measured erosion values and are the most critical input parameters controlling all water erosion equations included in EPIC. The many differences between field management methods worldwide and the varying water erosion estimates from different equations add uncertainty to the simulation results. To reduce the uncertainties addressed here and to improve global water erosion estimates generally, more data on global field management and more field data from study sites representing the ersity of environmental conditions where crops are grown are necessary.
Publisher: De Gruyter
Date: 23-08-2021
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 05-11-2020
Abstract: Abstract. Water erosion on arable land can reduce soil fertility and agricultural productivity. Despite the impact of water erosion on crops, it is typically neglected in global crop yield projections. Furthermore, previous efforts to quantify global water erosion have paid little attention to the effects of field management on the magnitude of water erosion. In this study, we analyse the robustness of simulated water erosion estimates in maize and wheat fields between the years 1980 and 2010 based on daily model outputs from a global gridded version of the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) crop model. By using the MUSS water erosion equation and country-specific and environmental indicators determining different intensities in tillage, residue handling and cover crops, we obtained the global median water erosion rates of 7 t ha−1 a−1 in maize fields and 5 t ha−1 a−1 in wheat fields. A comparison of our simulation results with field data demonstrates an overlap of simulated and measured water erosion values for the majority of global cropland. Slope inclination and daily precipitation are key factors in determining the agreement between simulated and measured erosion values and are the most critical input parameters controlling all water erosion equations included in EPIC. The many differences between field management methods worldwide, the varying water erosion estimates from different equations and the complex distribution of cropland in mountainous regions add uncertainty to the simulation results. To reduce the uncertainties in global water erosion estimates, it is necessary to gather more data on global farming techniques to reduce the uncertainty in global land-use maps and to collect more data on soil erosion rates representing the ersity of environmental conditions where crops are grown.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.EJCA.2010.03.012
Abstract: The PRISMA project is aiming to co-ordinate research priorities, measurement and practice in end-of-life (EOL) care in Europe. As part of PRISMA we undertook a questionnaire survey and a subsequent workshop to (1) identify clinical priorities for EOL care research in Europe and propose a future research agenda and (2) identify barriers to EOL care research, and possibilities and solutions to improve the research. Thirty participants selected among the principally medical survey responders from 25 European countries attended. Twenty-six answered a preparatory pre-workshop questionnaire based on the survey results. Group work was a main part of the workshop. Consensus was reached on the following priorities for EOL cancer care research in Europe: symptomatology, issues related to care of the dying, and policy and organisation of services. Methodology was regarded important in all areas, including assessment/measurement and classification. Symptom research should particularly emphasise pain, fatigue, cachexia, delirium and breathlessness. Research should move from descriptive to interventional studies. The lack of consensus on definitions and outcomes was identified as a substantial research barrier. Other barriers were related to capacity and funding, environment and culture and knowledge transfer and dissemination. These areas are interrelated and should not be addressed in isolation. Consensus was obtained on priority areas and research nature for EOL care research in the next years, and a model for addressing barriers was developed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: H2FC Supergen
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2022
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2012
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 2013
End Date: 2017
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2015
End Date: 2019
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2019
End Date: 2022
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 2019
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2016
End Date: 2019
Funder: Natural Environment Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2017
End Date: 2021
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2017
End Date: 2021
Funder: Natural Environment Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2017
End Date: 2022
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
View Funded Activity