ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6583-3105
Current Organisation
Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S12526-022-01294-0
Abstract: Snailfishes are among the most rapidly radiating families of marine fishes, resulting in a global distribution from the coastal intertidal to deep subduction trenches. The true ersity and distribution of deep-water snailfishes, particularly at hadal depths ( m) and in the Southern Hemisphere, remain uncertain due to the rarity of s les. Here, we present the snailfish ersity at near-hadal and hadal depths in the Atacama Trench, which runs along the southwest coast of South America. Using free-fall baited cameras and traps, we documented at least three species of hadal snailfishes between 5920 and 7608 m based on distinct morphologies. One snailfish specimen was recovered from 6714 m, which we describe herein as Paraliparis selti sp. nov., based on a combined morphological and molecular taxonomic approach (16S, COI, and Cyt-b). Paraliparis selti sp. nov. is morphologically distinct from described snailfishes due to a combination of high number of vertebrae (65) particularly the abdominal vertebrae (12), dorsal fin rays (60), anal fin rays (52), and caudal fin rays (8) comparatively low number of pectoral fin rays (18) which forms a deep notch with two widely spaced non-rudimentary rays. Micro-CT was used to minimise dissection of the specimen and to provide a digital holotype. Paraliparis selti sp. nov. highlights the importance of the Liparidae at hadal depths and provides evidence for at least two independent radiations of snailfishes into the hadal zone.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-02-2021
Abstract: Decapod crustaceans are conspicuous members of marine benthic communities to at least 7,700 m deep. To assess the bathymetric extent of this taxonomic group, baited landers were deployed to across the abyssal-hadal transition zone of 11 subduction trenches spanning the Pacific, Atlantic, Southern, and Indian oceans and additional sites. Decapods were dominated by penaeid shrimps (superfamily Penaeoidea), in particular Benthesicymus Spence Bate, 1881 and Cerataspis Gray, 1828, with the former being found deeper. Benthesicymus cf. crenatus Spence Bate, 1881 was observed in the Kermadec, Mariana, New Hebrides, Puerto Rico, Peru-Chile, Tonga, San Cristobal, and Santa Cruz trenches, plus the South Fiji Basin and the Wallaby-Zenith Fracture Zone. They were not recorded in the Abaco Canyon, Agulhas Fracture Zone, Java Trench, or any of the polar locations. Cerataspis cf. monstrosus Gray, 1828 was present in the Kermadec, Mariana, New Hebrides, Puerto Rico, and Java trenches, the Abaco Canyon, Agulhas Fracture Zone, Wallaby-Zenith Fracture Zone and the South Fiji Basin, but absent from the Tonga, San Cristobal and Santa Cruz trenches. Hymenopenaeus nereus (Faxon, 1893) was only recorded in the Peru-Chile Trench. Unidentified species belonging to superfamily Oplophoroidea were observed to a maximum depth of 6,931 m. Decapods are thus are primarily represented at hadal depths by penaeoid shrimps, consistently present at tropical and temperate latitudes to ~7,700 m, while absent from equivalent depths in polar regions. Their maximum depth may be limited due to hydrostatic pressure, while potentially affected by temperature and oxygen in some instances. Muscle s les of three specimens from 6,000 m (Mariana and Kermadec trenches) were found to have high levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO 260 mmol kg–1), the major piezolyte, a protectant against hydrostatic pressure, in other deep-sea organisms. We speculate that physiological limits to TMAO concentration may prevent them from inhabiting the greatest hadal depths.
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1098/RSOS.182053
Abstract: This comment presents acoustic and visual data showing deep seafloor depression chains similar to those reported in Marsh et al. ( R. Soc. open sci. 5: 180286), though from a different deep-sea setting. Marsh et al. present data collected during cruise JC120 from polymetallic nodule rich sites within the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ), at water depths of between 3999 and 4258 m. Within this comment, we present data collected with equivalent acoustic and imaging devices on-board the RV Sonne (SO261—March/April 2018) from the Atacama Trench, approximately 4000 m depth, which shows comparable depression chains in the seafloor. In contrast with the CCFZ observations, our study area was wholly free of polymetallic nodules, an observation therefore weakening the ‘ballast collection’ by deep-sea ing mammals formation hypothesis discussed in their paper . We support their alternate hypothesis that if these features are indeed generated by deep- ing megafauna, then they are more likely the resultant traces of infauna feeding or marks made during opportunistic capture of benthic fish/cephalopods. We observed these potential prey fauna with lander and towed camera systems during the cruise, with ex le images of these presented here. Both the SO261 and JC120 cruises employed high-resolution sidescan systems at deployment altitudes seldom used routinely until the last few years during scientific deep-sea surveys. Given that both cruises found these depression chains in contrasting physical regions of the East Pacific, they may have a more ubiquitous distribution than at just these sites. Thus, the impacts of cetacean foraging behaviour on deep seafloor communities, and the potential relevance of these prey sources to deep- ing species, should be considered.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 02-2019
DOI: 10.1098/RSOS.180667
Abstract: While there is now an established recognition of microplastic pollution in the oceans, and the detrimental effects this may have on marine animals, the ocean depth at which such contamination is ingested by organisms has still not been established. Here, we detect the presence of ingested microplastics in the hindguts of Lysianassoidea hipod populations, in six deep ocean trenches from around the Pacific Rim (Japan, Izu-Bonin, Mariana, Kermadec, New Hebrides and the Peru-Chile trenches), at depths ranging from 7000 m to 10 890 m. This illustrates that microplastic contaminants occur in the very deepest reaches of the oceans. Over 72% of in iduals examined (65 of 90) contained at least one microparticle. The number of microparticles ingested per in idual across all trenches ranged from 1 to 8. The mean and standard error of microparticles varied per trench, from 0.9 ± 0.4 (New Hebrides Trench) to 3.3 ± 0.7 (Mariana Trench). A subs le of microfibres and fragments analysed using FTIR were found to be a collection of plastic and synthetic materials (Nylon, polyethylene, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylchloride, often with inorganic filler material), semi-synthetic (rayon and lyocell) and natural fibre (ramie). Notwithstanding, this study reports the deepest record of microplastic ingestion, indicating that anthropogenic debris is bioavailable to organisms at some of the deepest locations in the Earth's oceans.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-05-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S12526-021-01182-Z
Abstract: Eurythenes S.I. Smith in Scudder, 1882 (Crustacea: Amphipoda) are prevalent scavengers of the benthopelagic community from bathyal to hadal depths. While a well-studied genus, molecular systematic studies have uncovered cryptic speciation and multiple undescribed lineages. Here, we apply an integrative taxonomic approach and describe the tenth species, Eurythenes atacamensis sp. nov., based on specimens from the 2018 Atacamex and RV Sonne SO261 Expeditions to the southern sector of the Peru-Chile Trench, the Atacama Trench (24–21°S). Eurythenes atacamensis sp. nov. is a large species, max. observed length 83.2 mm, possesses diagnostic features, including a short gnathopod 1 palm and a chelate gnathopod 2 palm, and a distinct genetic lineage based on a 16S rRNA and COI phylogeny. This species is a dominant bait-attending fauna with an extensive bathymetric range, spanning from 4974 to 8081 m. The RV Sonne SO261 specimens were recovered along a 10-station transect from abyssal to hadal depths and further examined for demographic and bathymetric-related patterns. Ontogenetic vertical stratification was evident across the trench axis, with only juveniles present at abyssal depths (4974–6025 m). Total length-depth analysis revealed that the size of females was unrelated to depth, whereas juveniles followed a sigmoidal relationship with a step-up in size at depths m. Thus, these bathymetric trends suggest that juveniles and females employ differing ecological strategies in subduction trench environments. This study highlights that even dominant and ecologically important species are still being discovered within the abyssal and hadal environments. Continued systematic expeditions will lead to an improved understanding of the eco-evolutionary drivers of speciation in the world’s largest ecosystem.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-09-2018
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 05-09-2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 23-09-2022
Abstract: Why don’t people care about the deep sea? was a question addressed in a 2020 Food for Thought article in this journal. That article delivered an extensive critique of misleading statements, poorly structured analogies, and common misconceptions to challenge the largely negative or unnecessarily sensationalist narrative when the deep sea is communicated to the public. The overarching sentiment of that article has been countered by a Comment in which it is argued that people do in fact care about the deep sea. However, this counter argument is based on very little to do with the deep sea but rather a corpus of studies relating mostly to cold water corals and people’s willingness to pay for their conservation and restoration in the event of impending or recent destruction. We do not feel that the Comment addresses the same problem as discussed in the original article. Here, we explain that the seeming differences of opinion about whether people care about the deep sea are based on two things: the title of the article commented on (not its content) and how the original article, and the Comment on it, define the deep sea.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Thomas Linley.