ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2102-6229
Current Organisation
Rice University
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 19-05-2009
DOI: 10.1029/2008JG000803
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 31-01-2020
Abstract: Dissolved organic carbon in soils can repress flavonoid bioavailability and disrupt plant nodulation.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 09-2015
DOI: 10.1002/2015JG003010
Abstract: The oxidative ratio (OR) of the biosphere is the stoichiometric ratio (O 2 /CO 2 ) of gas exchange by photosynthesis and respiration—a key parameter in budgeting calculations of the land and ocean carbon sinks. Carbon cycle‐climate feedbacks could alter the OR of the biosphere by affecting the quantity and quality of organic matter in plant biomass and soil carbon pools. This study considers the effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO 2 ]) on the OR of a hardwood forest after nine growing seasons of Free‐Air CO 2 Enrichment. We measured changes in the carbon oxidation state (C ox ) of biomass and soil carbon pools as a proxy for the ecosystem OR. The OR of net primary production, 1.039, was not affected by elevated [CO 2 ]. However, the C ox of the soil carbon pool was 40% higher at elevated [CO 2 ], and the estimated OR values for soil respiration increased from 1.006 at ambient [CO 2 ] to 1.054 at elevated [CO 2 ]. A biochemical inventory of the soil organic matter ascribed the increases in C ox and OR to faster turnover of reduced substrates, lignin and lipids, at elevated [CO 2 ]. This implicates the heterotrophic soil community response to elevated [CO 2 ] as a driver of disequilibrium in the ecosystem OR. The oxidation of soil carbon pool constitutes an unexpected terrestrial O 2 sink. Carbon budgets constructed under the assumption of OR equilibrium would equate such a terrestrial O 2 sink to CO 2 uptake by the ocean. The potential for climate‐driven disequilibriua in the cycling of O 2 and CO 2 warrants further investigation.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1021/ES103252S
Abstract: Concerns about energy security and climate change have increased biofuel demand, particularly ethanol produced from cellulosic feedstocks (e.g., food crop residues). A central challenge to cropping for cellulosic ethanol is the potential environmental damage from increased fertilizer use. Previous analyses have assumed that cropping for carbohydrate in residue will require the same amount of fertilizer as cropping for grain. Using (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, we show that increases in biomass in response to fertilization are not uniform across biochemical classes (carbohydrate, protein, lipid, lignin) or tissues (leaf and stem, grain, reproductive support). Although corn grain responds vigorously and nonlinearly, corn residue shows only modest increases in carbohydrate yields in response to high levels of fertilization (25% increase with 202 kg N ha(-1)). Lignin yields in the residue increased almost twice as much as carbohydrate yields in response to nitrogen, implying that residue feedstock quality declines as more fertilizer is applied. Fertilization also increases the decomposability of corn residue, implying that soil carbon sequestration becomes less efficient with increased fertilizer. Our results suggest that even when corn is grown for grain, benefits of fertilization decline rapidly after the ecosystem's N demands are met. Heavy application of fertilizer yields minimal grain benefits and almost no benefits in residue carbohydrates, while degrading the cellulosic ethanol feedstock quality and soil carbon sequestration capacity.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-02-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2004
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Caroline Masiello.