ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3042-0818
Current Organisations
University of British Columbia
,
Newcastle University
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-12-2019
DOI: 10.1111/GCB.14904
Abstract: Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to bio ersity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on in idual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 23-09-2022
DOI: 10.1177/13548166221125988
Abstract: This paper aims to enrich social network and managerial powers theories by examining the effects of board-CEO friendship ties in tourism firms. Specifically, we focus on the association between the board-CEO social network ties (e.g. serving external boards together or sharing memberships at social organisations) and performance and risk-taking behaviour among tourism firms. The findings show that friendship ties between CEO and board members result in higher risk-taking, lower profitability and market values. In addition, professional ties (i.e. current and past employment) significantly impact tourism firms’ outcomes, whereas non-professional ties (i.e. education and other social organisations) do not. The findings prevail after controlling for the Covid-19 pandemic. However, friendship ties lead to better information sharing, resulting in more effective decision-making by board members.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-08-2016
DOI: 10.1111/EVO.13027
Abstract: Measuring reproductive barriers between groups of organisms is an effective way to determine the traits and mechanisms that impede gene flow. However, to understand the ecological and evolutionary factors that drive speciation, it is important to distinguish between the barriers that arise early in the speciation process and those that arise after speciation is largely complete. In this article, we comprehensively test for reproductive isolation between recently erged (<10,000 years bp) dune and nondune ecotypes of the prairie sunflower, Helianthus petiolaris. We find reproductive barriers acting at multiple stages of hybridization, including premating, postmating-prezygotic, and postzygotic barriers, despite the recent ergence. Barriers include extrinsic selection against immigrants and hybrids, a shift in pollinator assemblage, and postpollination assortative mating. Together, these data suggest that multiple barriers can be important for reducing gene flow in the earliest stages of speciation.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 07-07-2023
DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.07.548145
Abstract: Pacific oysters ( Magallana gigas, also known as Crassostrea gigas ), the most widely farmed oysters, are under threat from climate change and emerging pathogens. In part, their resilience may be affected by their microbiome, which, in turn, may be influenced by ocean warming and acidification. Consequently, for three weeks, we exposed early-development Pacific oyster spat to different temperatures (18 and 24 °C) and p CO 2 levels (800, 1600 and 2800 µ atm) in a fully crossed design. Under all conditions, the microbiome developed over time, with potentially pathogenic ciliates ( Uronema marinum ) greatly reduced in all treatments, suggesting that the spat’s microbiome undergoes adaptive shifts as the oysters age. The microbiome composition also differed significantly with temperature, but not acidification, indicating that M. gigas spat microbiomes can be altered by ocean warming but resilient to ocean acidification in our experiments. These findings highlight the spat microbiome’s flexibility to environmental changes as well as its “protective” capability against potentially pathogenic microbes.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-07-2022
DOI: 10.1002/BSE.3209
Abstract: The increasing awareness of global climate change puts more pressure on firms to reduce their environmental externalities. Managers long ignored this responsibility, which may erode business profits, going against their traditional goals. In this study, we examine the effect of top management's extrinsic incentives (i.e., reward‐driven motivation) on corporate environmental innovation strategy (i.e., eco‐innovation) using a large dataset of S& P1500 non‐financial firms for 2000–2020. The results indicate that firms with greater levels of top‐management compensation exhibit higher scores of eco‐innovation engagement. The effect holds after we address the endogeneity problem through the quasi‐natural experiment using the difference‐in‐differences analysis on the event of the Paris Agreement 2015. Our further investigations reveal that such a positive impact of managerial incentives on eco‐innovation is less intensified in the more polluting industries but more pronounced in more innovative ones.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-12-2016
DOI: 10.1111/EVA.12343
Abstract: The face of science has changed. Women now feature alongside men at the forefront of many fields, and this is particularly true in evolutionary biology. This special issue celebrates the outstanding achievements and contributions of women in evolutionary biology, by highlighting a s le of their research and accomplishments. In addition to original research contributions, this collection of articles contains personal reflections to provide perspective and advice on succeeding as a woman in science. By showcasing the ersity and research excellence of women and drawing on their experiences, we wish to enhance the visibility of female scientists and provide inspiration as well as role models. These are exciting times for evolutionary biology, and the field is richer and stronger for the ersity of voices contributing to the field.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-10-2009
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Date: 29-04-2018
DOI: 10.1146/ANNUREV-ARPLANT-042817-040348
Abstract: Species ersity is remarkably unevenly distributed among flowering plant lineages. Despite a growing toolbox of research methods, the reasons underlying this patchy pattern have continued to perplex plant biologists for the past two decades. In this review, we examine the present understanding of transitions in flowering plant evolution that have been proposed to influence speciation and extinction. In particular, ploidy changes, transitions between tropical and nontropical biomes, and shifts in floral form have received attention and have offered some surprises in terms of which factors influence speciation and extinction rates. Mating systems and dispersal characteristics once predominated as determining factors, yet recent evidence suggests that these changes are not as influential as previously thought or are important only when paired with range shifts. Although range extent is an important correlate of speciation, it also influences extinction and brings an applied focus to ersification research. Recent studies that find that past ersification can predict present-day extinction risk open an exciting avenue for future research to help guide conservation prioritization.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 19-05-2022
DOI: 10.1101/2022.05.18.490882
Abstract: Variation in species richness across the tree of life, accompanied by the incredible variety of ecological and morphological characteristics found in nature, has inspired many studies to link traits with species ersification. Angiosperms are a highly erse group that has fundamentally shaped life on earth since the Cretaceous, and illustrate how species ersification affects ecosystem functioning. Numerous traits and processes have been linked to differences in species richness within this group, but we know little about how these interact and their relative importance. Here, we synthesized data from 152 studies that used state-dependent speciation and extinction (SSE) models on angiosperm clades. Intrinsic traits related to reproduction and morphology were often linked to ersification but a set of universal drivers did not emerge as traits did not have consistent effects across clades. Importantly, dataset properties were correlated to SSE model results - trees that were larger, older, or less well-s led tended to yield trait-dependent outcomes. We compared these properties to recommendations for SSE model use and provide a set of best practices to follow when designing studies and reporting results. Finally, we argue that SSE model inferences should be considered in a larger context incorporating species’ ecology, demography and genetics.
Location: Viet Nam
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Sarah Otto.