ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4463-1480
Current Organisations
SDU
,
The University of Newcastle
,
University of Newcastle Australia
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Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 15-09-2023
DOI: 10.3390/JFB14090474
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2009
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.2522/PTJ.20110290
Abstract: Motor control exercises to improve control and coordination of trunk muscles and graded activity under the principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy are 2 commonly used exercise therapies, yet there is little evidence to support the use of one intervention over the other. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of motor control exercises and graded activity for patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. This study was a prospectively registered randomized controlled trial with outcome assessment and statistical analyses conducted blind to group. The study was conducted in primary care settings. The participants were 172 patients with chronic (& weeks) nonspecific low back pain. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either motor control exercises or graded activity. There was no attempt to subclassify patients to match them to a treatment. Patients in both groups received 14 sessions of in idualized, supervised exercise therapy. Primary outcomes were average pain over the previous week (numeric rating scale) and function (Patient-Specific Functional Scale) secondary outcomes were disability (24-item Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire), global impression of change (Global Perceived Effect Scale), and quality of life (36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire [SF-36]). Outcome measures were collected at baseline and at 2, 6, and 12 months after intervention. A linear mixed models analysis showed that there were no significant differences between treatment groups at any of the time points for any of the outcomes studied. For ex le, the effect for pain at 2 months was 0.0 (−0.7 to 0.8). Clinicians could not be blinded to the interventions. The results of this study suggest that motor control exercises and graded activity have similar effects for patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.
Publisher: WORLD SCIENTIFIC
Date: 30-08-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-01-2013
DOI: 10.1111/ODI.12067
Abstract: The prolonged use of bisphosphonates has been shown to cause a condition termed 'bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws' (BRONJ). BRONJ is a disease entity which has only been described relatively recently, and its multi-factorial aetiology is yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the treatment of BRONJ lesions remains a challenge, and animal models are necessary to assist researchers in better understanding the disease. This has led to the recent publication of a number of studies utilising a variety of animal models of BRONJ. This review outlines the factors to be considered when selecting an animal model for BRONJ and discusses the current literature in this rapidly progressing field of research. It is important to consider the applicability of a given model to the clinical condition presenting in humans, and to this end, thorough characterisation of the clinical, histological, radiographic and systemic features is necessary. The development of a clinical lesion is an important consideration in terms of choosing a relevant model, and it appears clear that surgical manipulation, generally involving tooth extraction, is necessary for successful induction of the classic 'clinical' lesion of BRONJ.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-10-2022
DOI: 10.1002/CRE2.486
Abstract: To evaluate the effect of routinely used physical decontamination methods on the surface characteristics of zirconia implants and subsequent ability of bacteria to adhere in vitro. Physical decontamination methods commonly used in peri‐implantitis therapy and routine implant maintenance can potentially alter zirconia implant surfaces. Acid‐etched zirconia discs were instrumented with titanium curette (TC), plastic curette, air abrasive device, ultrasonic scaler (US) with stainless steel tip. Following instrumentation, surface topography, and surface elemental composition was analyzed using 3D‐laser scanning microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, respectively. Subsequently, plaque biofilm was cultured on zirconia discs for 48 h and bacterial adhesion assessed using a turbidity test and scanning electron microscopy. A significant difference in surface roughness was observed between the US and control group ( p 0.05). The US and TC caused gray surface discolouration on zirconia discs due to deposition of metallic residue as confirmed by X‐ray spectroscopy. No significant difference in bacterial adhesion was noted among all treatment groups ( p 0.05). TC and US with stainless steel tips should be used with caution due to deposition of metallic residue on the surface. Air abrasive devices and plastic curettes caused minimal surface alterations and are, therefore, safer for zirconia implant decontamination.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2006
DOI: 10.1016/J.JMPT.2005.11.015
Abstract: Palpation is used most commonly to assess tissue stiffness despite its well-known deficiencies. As an improvement, a mechanical technique known as ultrasonic indentation has been proposed. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of 3 ultrasonic indentation techniques in quantifying bone displacement in a specially constructed tissue simulator. Three ultrasonic indentation techniques were tested for their accuracy: a rigid, laboratory-based method (rigid), a less rigid system actuated by hand (assisted), and a totally free-hand system (handheld). Each indentation technique was applied on a tissue simulator, which consisted of a deformable phantom overlying a displaceable piston to simulate soft tissue overlying bone. Measures of piston (ie, bone) displacement obtained by each indentation technique were compared with a gold standard of piston displacement to determine the accuracy of each technique. Statistical tests were used to determine if differences between experimental and reference measures of piston displacement were significant. When indented, phantom deformation preceded piston displacement because of unequal stiffness between the two. The rigid and assisted indentation techniques showed the best accuracy for measuring simulated bone displacement. Differences in accuracy between the rigid and assisted techniques were insignificant. The accuracy of the handheld technique was significantly less than the rigid and assisted techniques. The clinical utility of assisted ultrasonic indentation should be explored given its accuracy and the excessive size, cost, and complexity of the rigid technique. The large error magnitude of the handheld technique may exclude it from clinical use now.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-09-2022
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12934
Abstract: The objective of this paper was to investigate the published evidence regarding effects of cannabinoids (natural and synthetic) on post‐operative and/or out‐of‐office pain management in patients suffering from orofacial pain that presents in the dental setting. Three online databases (Ovid (MEDLINE), PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus) were searched (July 2021). Additional studies were sought through grey literature searching (Cochrane Library Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov ) and hand‐searching the reference lists of included articles. All studies that analysed cannabinoid products and pain management of conditions that present in the general or specialist dental setting in the English language were included. Of the five articles included, one reported a significant effect on temporomandibular disorder pain relief using a topical cannabidiol formulation compared to a placebo. Four articles reported no significant effects of cannabinoids for pain management across various orofacial pain conditions. Although one study reported a positive effect, insufficient evidence exists to support a tangible clinical benefit of cannabinoids in managing orofacial pain, further research is recommended to investigate the benefits of cannabinoids’ use. © 2022 Australian Dental Association.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 02-2008
DOI: 10.2522/PTJ.20070147
Abstract: The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is commonly evaluated in order to assess the risk of biased estimates of treatment effects. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify scales used to evaluate the methodological quality of RCTs in health care research and summarize the content, construction, development, and psychometric properties of these scales. Extensive electronic database searches, along with a manual search, were performed. One hundred five relevant studies were identified. They accounted for 21 scales and their modifications. The majority of scales had not been rigorously developed or tested for validity and reliability. The Jadad Scale presented the best validity and reliability evidence however, its validity for physical therapy trials has not been supported. Many scales are used to evaluate the methodological quality of RCTs, but most of these scales have not been adequately developed and have not been adequately tested for validity and reliability. A valid and reliable scale for the assessment of the methodological quality of physical therapy trials needs to be developed.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-11-2017
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12573
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.2522/PTJ.20090233
Abstract: Clinical prediction rules (CPRs) for treatment selection in musculoskeletal conditions have become increasingly popular. The purposes of this review are: (1) to critically appraise studies evaluating CPRs and (2) to consider the clinical utility and stage of development of each CPR. Pertinent databases were searched up to April 2009. Studies aiming to develop or evaluate a CPR for treatment response in musculoskeletal conditions were included. Two independent reviewers assessed eligibility and extracted methodological data, stage of development, and effect size information. Eighteen studies, evaluating 15 separate CPRs, were included. Fourteen CPRs were at the derivation stage, and all CPRs had been evaluated using a single-arm trial design, thus it is not possible to determine whether the CPRs identify prognosis (regardless of treatment) or specifically response to treatment. The CPR at the validation stage investigated spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) for low back pain and had been evaluated in 2 separate well-conducted randomized controlled trials. The first trial demonstrated a clinically meaningful effect of the SMT CPR the additional effect from SMT in patients “positive-on-the-rule” was 15 Oswestry disability units at week 1 and 9 units at week 4. The second trial showed that the CPR did not generalize to a different clinical setting, including a modified treatment. Due to differences in methods of reporting and journal publication restraints (eg, word count restrictions), some quality assessment items may have been completed in the included studies, but not captured in this review. There is, at present, little evidence that CPRs can be used to predict effects of treatment for musculoskeletal conditions. The principal problem is that most studies use designs that cannot differentiate between predictors of response to treatment and general predictors of outcome. Only 1 CPR has been evaluated within an RCT designed to predict response to treatment. Validation of these rules is imperative to allow clinical application.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-11-2018
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12656
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-05-2023
DOI: 10.1111/JOP.13454
Abstract: Nomograms are graphical calculating devices that predict response to treatment during cancer management. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a lethal and deforming disease of rising incidence and global significance. The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram to predict in idualized OSCC survival using a population‐based dataset obtained from Queensland, Australia and externally validated using a cohort of OSCC patients treated in Hong Kong. Clinico‐pathological data for newly diagnosed OSCC patients, including age, sex, tumour site and grading, were accessed retrospectively from the Queensland Cancer Registry (QCR) in Australia and the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) in Hong Kong. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression was used to construct overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) prediction models. Nomograms were internally validated using 10‐fold cross validation, and externally validated against the Hong Kong dataset. Data from 9885 OSCC patients in Queensland and 465 patients from Hong Kong were analysed. All clinico‐pathological variables significantly influenced survival outcomes. Nomogram calibration curves demonstrated excellent agreement between predicted and actual probability for Queensland patients. External validation in the Hong Kong population demonstrated slightly poorer nomogram performance, but predictive power remained strong. Based upon readily available data documenting patient demographic and clinico‐pathological variables, predictive nomograms offer pragmatic aid to clinicians in in idualized treatment planning and prognosis assessment in contemporary OSCC management.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-12-2011
Publisher: Royal College of Surgeons of England
Date: 07-2023
Abstract: Oral cavity cancer is a lethal and deforming disease of rising global significance. We have previously highlighted limitations in contemporary awareness regarding sociodemographic influence on the prognosis and management of patients in Australia. Patients’ marital status has been proposed as an independent prognostic factor for various cancers but few data exist in relation to oral cancer outcomes. This study, a retrospective analysis of 21,858 Queensland oral cancer patients diagnosed over a 31-year period, confirmed a protective effect for marriage on survival, after adjustment for age and tumour characterisation. The benefits of marriage, however, were significantly greater for men than women, implying an important differential effect. Clinicians should be cognisant of the psychosocial influences on patient outcome following cancer treatment, and should consider the use of all available social support mechanisms to optimise patient survival and quality of life.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-2020
DOI: 10.3390/DJ8030100
Abstract: Background/Aim: This survey-based study aims to explore the clinical management protocols of followed by Australian periodontists in relation to peri-implant diseases. Materials and Methods: A five-part online questionnaire was developed and administered through email. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis, with the univariate associations between a categorical outcome and the variables evaluated using Pearson’s Chi-squared test. Results: The survey yielded 99 responses, resulting in a response rate of 41.8%. Most participants were male and aged 35–44 years. More than a quarter of practitioners had been placing implants for 6–10 years and almost two-fifths of practitioners placed 1–10 implants per month. The estimated prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis in the general Australian population was 47% and 21%, respectively. Practitioners reported using systemic antibiotics to manage peri-implant mucositis (7%) and (72%) peri-implantitis lesions, with a combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole. Most common treatment modalities were oral hygiene instructions, nonsurgical debridement and antimicrobial gel/rinse. Surgical debridement and systemic antibiotics were also often used for peri-implantitis treatment. Practitioners preferred a 3-month clinical follow-up and 6-month radiographic evaluation. Furthermore, three-quarters of practitioners rated their management as moderately effective, although upwards of nine-tenths expressed the need for further training and awareness. Conclusion: This study confirms a significant use of empirical treatment modalities due to lack of standard therapeutic protocol. However, some approaches followed by the specialists may provide a basis to formulate a therapeutic protocol for peri-implant disease management.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JPAIN.2012.09.007
Abstract: Graded motor imagery (GMI) is becoming increasingly used in the treatment of chronic pain conditions. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize all evidence concerning the effects of GMI and its constituent components on chronic pain. Systematic searches were conducted in 10 electronic databases. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GMI, left/right judgment training, motor imagery, and mirror therapy used as a treatment for chronic pain were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Six RCTs met our inclusion criteria, and the methodological quality was generally low. No effect was seen for left/right judgment training, and conflicting results were found for motor imagery used as stand-alone techniques, but positive effects were observed for both mirror therapy and GMI. A meta-analysis of GMI versus usual physiotherapy care favored GMI in reducing pain (2 studies, n = 63 effect size, 1.06 [95% confidence interval, .41, 1.71] heterogeneity, I(2) = 15%). Our results suggest that GMI and mirror therapy alone may be effective, although this conclusion is based on limited evidence. Further rigorous studies are needed to investigate the effects of GMI and its components on a wider chronic pain population. This systematic review synthesizes the evidence for GMI and its constituent components on chronic pain. This review may assist clinicians in making evidence-based decisions on managing patients with chronic pain conditions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JPAIN.2013.04.001
Abstract: That complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is associated with functional reorganization in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is widely accepted and seldom questioned. Despite more than a decade of research, there has been no systematic review of the CRPS literature concerning the changes in S1 function, and therefore the extent of these changes is unclear. Here we conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the spatial and temporal aspects of S1 function in CRPS. A comprehensive search strategy identified functional neuroimaging studies of S1 in CRPS. We adhered to a rigorous systematic review protocol when extracting data and appraising risk of bias. Outcomes were grouped into spatial representation activation levels, including disinhibition peak latency of activation and glucose metabolism. Meta-analysis was conducted where possible. Fifteen studies were included, all investigating upper-extremity CRPS. In patients with CRPS, the S1 spatial representation of the affected hand is smaller than that of the unaffected hand and that of non-CRPS controls however, this evidence comes from only a few studies. There is no difference in activation, disinhibition, or latency of peripherally evoked S1 responses in CRPS. The risk of bias was high across studies, mainly from unclear s ling methods and unblinded analysis of outcomes. The evidence for a difference in function of the primary somatosensory cortex in CRPS compared with controls is clouded by high risk of bias and conflicting results, but reduced representation size seems consistent.
Publisher: American Academy of Implant Dentistry
Date: 28-08-2021
DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-19-00351
Abstract: The present systematic review evaluates the safety of placing dental implants in patients with a history of antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drug therapy. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, and OpenGrey databases were used to search for clinical studies (English only) to July 16, 2019. Study quality was assessed regarding randomization, allocation sequence concealment, blinding, incomplete outcome data, selective outcome reporting, and other biases using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for case series. A broad search strategy resulted in the identification of 7542 studies. There were 28 studies reporting on bisphosphonates (5 cohort, 6 case control, and 17 case series) and 1 study reporting on denosumab (case series) that met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. The quality assessment revealed an overall moderate quality of evidence among the studies. Results demonstrated that patients with a history of bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis are not at increased risk of implant failure in terms of osseointegration. However, all patients with a history of bisphosphonate treatment, whether taken orally for osteoporosis or intravenously for malignancy, appear to be at risk of “implant surgery-triggered” medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). In contrast, the risk of MRONJ in patients treated with denosumab for osteoporosis was found to be negligible. In conclusion, general and specialist dentists should exercise caution when planning dental implant therapy in patients with a history of bisphosphonate and denosumab drug therapy. Importantly, all patients with a history of bisphosphonates are at risk of MRONJ, necessitating this to be included in the informed consent obtained before implant placement.
Publisher: Royal College of Surgeons of England
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: Korean Academy of Periodontology
Date: 2021
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 15-12-2021
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00348-20
Abstract: About half of the world’s population and 80% of the world’s bio ersity can be found in the tropics. Many diseases are specific to the tropics, with at least 41 diseases caused by endemic bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Such diseases are of increasing concern, as the geographic range of tropical diseases is expanding due to climate change, urbanization, change in agricultural practices, deforestation, and loss of bio ersity.
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 31-10-2022
DOI: 10.2174/18742106-V16-E2208050
Abstract: Oral health-related quality of life indicators have been effectively used to assess the influence of a range of dental treatments and interventions on patient satisfaction and acceptance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the relining of mandibular dentures with a soft-liner material, using the Oral Health Assessment Index (OHIP-14). Forty-two full denture wearers were selected from patients who attended 9 private prosthetic clinics in New South Wales, Australia. All participants had their lower dentures relined with a soft-liner material, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Oral health-related quality of life was evaluated before and 1 month after relining using the Oral Health Assessment Index questionnaire. A simple descriptive quantitative analysis of the survey results was undertaken, including a comparison of median scores using the Wilcoxon paired test and binomial probability test. In all the outcome variables measured, there was a noticeable positive effect from the denture relining. Specifically, mandibular denture relining with a silicon-based soft-liner material has a positive impact on patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of edentulous patients. Patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of edentulous patients can be significantly improved by the use of soft-liner materials.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-08-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S40634-023-00638-4
Abstract: To identify potential prognostic factors for patient-reported outcomes in an Icelandic cohort of ACL injured subjects. All knee MRI reports written in Iceland between the years 2001 to 2011 were read to identify in iduals with a possible ACL injury. These in iduals were contacted and asked to complete an online questionnaire regarding their injury and current knee related health. The questionnaire collected information on years since surgery, injury circumstance, brace use, physiotherapy, ACL surgery, second ACL injury and current smoking status. In addition, the baseline status of their meniscii were assessed from the original MRI report and medical records were used to identify any subsequent, non-ACL surgery. The patient-reported Knee Osteoarthritis and Injury Outcome Score (KOOS) was used assess current knee related health. A Bayesian proportional odds model was used to assess the effect of all potential prognostic factors above as well as age and sex on KOOS outcomes. A total of 408 subjects completed the questionnaire indicating that they did rupture their ACL. The following variables were associated with worse outcomes across all KOOS subscales: having a subsequent arthroscopy, reinjury to your ACL, and smoking. Having physiotherapy for 9 months was associated with worse KOOS pain scores than having 6 months of physiotherapy. Conversely KOOS pain score tended to be higher if you injured your knee during sports. Reinjuring your ACL, smoking and having subsequent (non-ACLR) surgery predict your knee related health following an ACL injury. Strategies should be implemented to reduce the risk of secondary ACL injury, and patients should be strongly advised not to smoke.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-02-2020
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12743
Abstract: To assess if using potassium iodide (KI) immediately after application of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) significantly reduces the staining of tooth structure. Four online databases (OVID, Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar) were searched (June 2019). Additional studies were sought through grey literature search and hand searching the reference list of included articles. All studies that analysed the effect of KI on SDF staining of tooth structure with access to full text in English language were included. Of the six articles included in the review, five reported stain reduction in the teeth treated with application of KI to carious tooth structure following the application of SDF while one article reported no significant beneficial effect on reducing staining, when compared to SDF alone. Of the materials selected to restore SDF + KI treated teeth, resin-modified glass ionomer was found to produce the lightest results, followed by glass ionomer cement and composite resin. An in vivo case report also revealed some staining after six months, even with SDF + KI treatment. Although some studies reported a positive effect, insufficient evidence exists supporting a tangible clinical benefit of SDF + KI treatment on the tooth staining, mainly due to methodical variations within the current literature.
Publisher: Future Medicine Ltd
Date: 05-2013
DOI: 10.2217/PMT.13.11
Abstract: SUMMARY Current clinical practice guidelines advocate a model of diagnostic triage for back pain, underpinned by the biopsychosocial paradigm. However, limitations of this clinical model have become apparent: it can be difficult to classify patients into the diagnostic triage categories patients with ‘nonspecific back pain‘ are clearly not a homogenous group and mean effects of treatments based on this approach are small. In this article, it is proposed that the biological domain of the biopsychosocial model needs to be reconceptualized using a neurobiological mechanism-based approach. Recent evidence about nociceptive and neuropathic contributors to back pain is outlined in the context of maladaptive neuroplastic changes of the somatosensory system. Implications for clinical practice and research are discussed.
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 17-09-2021
DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010428
Abstract: Actinic cheilitis, herpes labialis and lip cancer are relatively common conditions presenting on the lips associated with exposure to periods of sun exposure and thereby ultraviolet radiation. This systematic review aimed to determine the efficacy of the application of sunscreen-containing lip-protecting agents (LPA) in the prevention of actinic cheilitis (AC), recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) and lip cancer (LC). This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and registered with the PROSPERO database. A literature search was conducted using SCOPUS, Google Scholar, Medline (Ovid), Pubmed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library databases and manual search using search terms actinic cheilitis (AC), recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) and lip cancer (LC) along with lip protecting agents and their variations as keywords. A total of 1,567 papers were yielded. Of them, nine studies were eligible for qualitative data synthesis. Nine articles (3 AC, 5 RHL, 1 LC) were deemed eligible and thus selected for qualitative synthesis. Three studies on AC identified approximately 21.7% lower prevalence of lesions when some form of lip protection was used. Eighty percent of studies on RHL identified that the application of LPA is effective in preventing RHL. Subjects who applied LPA more than once daily only had half the risk of having LC compared to those who applied once daily. This review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies supports the use of LPA as an effective method in preventing lip-associated lesions. Further, RCTs and observational studies should aim at determining a definitive LPA application regime and optimal SPF strength to prevent lip-associated lesions. This systematic review was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): Registration Number - CRD42020177484. www.crd.york.ac.uk rospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020177484
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2007
Abstract: Periodontal disease can be considered to be one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases inflicting humans. With the advent of advanced molecular diagnostic techniques, a better understanding of the role of specific pathogens and the contributory role of the host immune response in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease has been possible - although not completely. However, successful vaccine development that fully utilizes the current level of understanding has not yet occurred for human use. This paper reviews various in vitro, animal studies and human trials undertaken to develop a vaccine against periodontal disease, with emphases on the shortfalls of these efforts and future prospects of developing a successful vaccine against periodontal disease.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-03-2023
DOI: 10.1111/JOP.13421
Abstract: Oral cancer, predominantly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is a lethal and deforming disease of rising incidence. Although largely preventable by eliminating harmful tobacco and alcohol risk factor behaviour, 5‐year survival rates remain around 50%, primarily due to late presentation of advanced stage disease. Whilst low socio‐economic status, regional and remote location and indigenous status are associated with head and neck cancer in general, detailed incidence and demographic data for oral SCC in Australia are limited. This study aimed to characterise the Queensland population at risk of oral SCC development. Following ethical approval, the Queensland Cancer Register (QCR) dataset was analysed to determine patterns of incidence, anonymised patient demographics, clinical presentation and outcome data for oral SCC cases diagnosed between 1982 and 2018. Data from 9887 patients were obtained. Mean age at diagnosis was 64.55 years, with a male‐to‐female ratio of 2.51:1 males were diagnosed at a younger age ( p 0.001). At study census date, 59% of patients had died, with females demonstrating longer mean survival ( p 0.001). Clinicopathological data confirmed that SCC most commonly arose from tongue sites (49%) and, whilst tumours were predominantly moderately differentiated in nature (63%), patients with poorly differentiated carcinomas exhibited shortest survival times ( p 0.05). Over the 36‐year study period, the number of diagnoses increased 4.49‐fold, whilst the number of deaths increased 19.14‐fold. Oral SCC poses a significant and growing healthcare problem in Queensland. In the absence of national screening, characterising the high‐risk oral SCC population facilitates pragmatic opportunities to raise disease awareness, to deliver targeted screening and effective primary prevention strategies, and to provide early interventional treatment intervention to reduce disease mortality and morbidity.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-07-2020
DOI: 10.3390/JFB11030050
Abstract: Background: This study compared the in vitro response of a mouse pre-osteoblast cell line on a novel sandblasted zirconia surface with that of titanium. Material and Methods: The MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 osteoblast precursor cell line was cultured on either sandblasted titanium (SBCpTi) or sandblasted zirconia (SBY-TZP). The surface topography was analysed by three-dimensional laser microscopy and scanning electron microscope. The wettability of the discs was also assessed. The cellular response was quantified by assessing the morphology (day 1), proliferation (day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9), viability (day 1, 9), and migration (0, 6, 24 h) assays. Results: The sandblasting surface treatment in both titanium and zirconia increased the surface roughness by rendering a defined surface topography with titanium showing more apparent nano-topography. The wettability of the two surfaces showed no significant difference. The zirconia surface resulted in improved cellular spreading and a significantly increased rate of migration compared to titanium. However, the cellular proliferation and viability noted in our experiments were not significantly different on the zirconia and titanium surfaces. Conclusions: The novel, roughened zirconia surface elicited cellular responses comparable to, or exceeding that, of titanium. Therefore, this novel zirconia surface may be an acceptable substitute for titanium as a dental implant material.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-09-2020
DOI: 10.3390/DJ8030106
Abstract: Background: This systematic review aims to assess the current evidence on the efficacy of surgical and non-surgical debridement techniques in the treatment of peri-implantitis lesions without the use of any antimicrobials. Method: Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, Pubmed, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane) were used, alongside hand searches, to find relevant articles. Full-text articles that were randomised controlled trials, published in the English language from 2011 onwards without pre-operative, peri-operative and post-operative antibiotic usage were included. The study was conducted according to the latest Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-P protocols, the latest Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and each investigated intervention was evaluated using the grading of recommendation, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) system. Results: The search yielded 2718 results. After initial screening, 38 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. From these, 11 studies satisfied all inclusion criteria. These 11 articles described six non-surgical and five surgical debridement therapies. Most articles were classified as having either a high risk of bias or presenting with some concerns. Small s le sizes, in combination with this risk of bias, meant that all interventions were adjudged to be of either low or very low quality of evidence. Conclusion: While all investigated modalities displayed some sort of efficacy, this review suggests that a surgical approach may be best suited to treating peri-implantitis lesions in the absence of antibiotic therapy. Despite this weak indication, further research is required in this field.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-03-2023
DOI: 10.1002/CRE2.724
Abstract: This review was conducted to assess the effectiveness of xylitol against Porphyromonas gingivalis anaerobic species, a key microbe contributing to periodontal disease pathogenesis. Relevant studies published on seven online databases (Cochrane, Ovid, Pubmed, Pubmed Central, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) were included in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria allowed all study designs involving xylitol and P. gingivalis, literature published since the year 2000, and all xylitol delivery forms. The initial search yielded 186 papers. After the removal of duplicates, five reviewers screened every article for eligibility and seven articles were selected for data extraction. Four out of seven included studies assessed the dose‐dependent effect of xylitol on P. gingivalis growth, two studies assessed the effect of xylitol on P. gingivalis ‐induced cytokine expression, and one study assessed both domains. From the in vitro studies included in this systematic review, there is some evidence of xylitol's inhibitory effect on P. gingivalis . However, more evidence derived from in vivo studies is required to confirm its effectiveness warranting their routine use.
Publisher: Quintessence Publishing
Date: 07-2019
DOI: 10.11607/JOMI.7289
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of celecoxib and ibuprofen on the proliferation, viability, and migration of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on titanium surfaces. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on sandblasted titanium disks and allocated to one of the following interventional groups: (a) control (untreated group) (b) celecoxib (5 μM and 10 μM) (c) ibuprofen (5 μM and 10 μM) and (d) prostaglandin E The proliferation of cells treated with any intervention was not significantly different than that of the untreated group throughout the treatment period. However, celecoxib and ibuprofen significantly decreased the percentage of viable cells in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, celecoxib (10 μM) and ibuprofen (5 μM and 10 μM) on day 1, and celecoxib (10 μM) on day 2 showed significantly higher percentages of dead cells compared to the untreated cells. There was a significant increase in migration of cells treated with ibuprofen (5 μM) compared with untreated cells on day 1 however, the migration of cells treated with any of the interventions was not significantly different from that of untreated cells on day 3. Cocnclusion: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at therapeutic doses did not significantly affect osteoblast proliferation and migration. However, higher dosages of celecoxib (10 μM) significantly reduced the cell viability and, therefore, can potentially affect the process of osseointegration.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-2010
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-05-2013
DOI: 10.1093/RHEUMATOLOGY/KET139
Abstract: To determine whether tactile acuity is disrupted in people with knee OA and to determine whether tactile acuity, a clinical signature of primary sensory cortex representation, is related to motor imagery performance (MIP evaluates working body schema) and pain. Experiment 1: two-point discrimination (TPD) threshold at the knee was compared between 20 participants with painful knee OA, 20 participants with arm pain and 20 healthy controls. Experiment 2: TPD threshold, MIP (left/right judgements of body parts) and usual pain were assessed in 20 people with painful knee OA, 17 people with back pain and 38 healthy controls (20 knee TPD 18 back TPD). People with painful knee OA had larger TPD thresholds than those with arm pain and healthy controls (P < 0.05). TPD and MIP were not related in people with knee OA (P = 0.88) but were related in people with back pain and in healthy controls (P 0.15 for all). In painful knee OA, tactile acuity at the knee is decreased, implying disrupted representation of the knee in primary sensory cortex. That TPD and MIP were unrelated in knee OA, but related in back pain, suggests that the relationship between them may vary between chronic pain conditions. That pain was not related to TPD threshold nor MIP suggests against the idea that disrupted cortical representations contribute to the pain of either condition.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.APMR.2011.11.035
Abstract: To propose standardized, patient-centered measures of recovery from nonspecific low back pain (LBP) in research, underpinned by an empirically derived concept of recovery and informed by expert opinion. Synthesis of literature reviews and expert panel opinion. Primary care centers for the management of nonspecific LBP. Persons with nonspecific LBP. Conservative treatments for nonspecific LBP. Three phases of research were conducted. First, qualitative research that explored patients' perspectives of recovery from nonspecific LBP was reviewed. Second, measures of recovery used in LBP clinical trials during the past decade were investigated in a systematic review. Third, opinion was sought from an expert panel of clinicians and researchers about how to measure recovery from nonspecific LBP, in a workshop at the 10th International Forum for Primary Care Research in Low Back Pain. An empirically derived and patient-centered concept of recovery from nonspecific LBP was developed from the qualitative research phase. The systematic review conducted in the second study phase revealed that researchers have used vastly heterogeneous measures of LBP recovery in clinical trials during the past decade. Finally, the key conclusions of the LBP Forum workshop were (1) that appropriate patient-centered instruments to measure recovery include global measures and patient-specific measures and (2) that the benefits of implementing the same recovery measures for acute and chronic LBP outweigh the disadvantages of using different measures. The results were synthesized to inform our recommendation that researchers consider adopting 2 instruments as standardized measures of recovery from nonspecific LBP, as an adjunct to the existing core set of LBP outcome measures. These instruments are an 11-point Global Back Recovery Scale, for a simple measure of global recovery, and the Patient-Generated Index of Quality of Life-Back Pain, to evaluate specific relevant dimensions of recovery. This recommendation has majority endorsement by members of the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Acute Low Back Pain Review Group.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-10-2021
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12877
Abstract: This scoping review was carried out to evaluate the important role Australian university‐based dental teaching clinics and dental students might have in promoting oral cancer awareness in their patients. Four Online database (PubMed, OVID, Scopus and Emcare) were searched for studies that assessed oral cancer awareness amongst patients attending Australian university‐associated (teaching) clinics. A total of five articles were retrieved for full‐text analysis. All studies showed significant variation in patient awareness and understanding regarding the principal risk factors associated with oral cancer development. Smoking was predominantly identified as a significant risk factor, but alcohol consumption was less frequently recognized as relevant. Non‐healing ulceration was most commonly identified as a symptom of concern, whilst red and/or white mucosal patches were infrequently recognized as potentially malignant conditions. Our review confirms that a significant lack of patient awareness regarding oral cancer risk and the signs /symptoms of early malignancy or potentially malignant disease exist in patients attending dental teaching clinics. Important opportunities exist to involve dental students proactively in raising oral cancer awareness, delivering smoking cessation interventions and safe alcohol consumption advice to their patients. Incorporation of established health educational models might deliver effective support for such student‐delivered patient education.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-03-2012
DOI: 10.1093/RHEUMATOLOGY/KES048
Abstract: To determine whether motor imagery performance is disrupted in patients with painful knee OA and if this disruption is specific to the location of the pain. Twenty patients with painful knee OA, 20 patients with arm pain and 20 healthy pain-free controls undertook a motor imagery task in which they made left/right judgements of pictured hands and feet. Accuracy and reaction time of judgements were compared between groups and pain locations (side: left vs right site: upper vs lower). Patients with knee pain were less accurate (P 0.11). There were no differences in reaction time between groups (P = 0.64). Further, there was no effect of side or site of pain on reaction time (P = 0.43, 0.54, respectively) and no effect of site of pain on accuracy of left/right judgements (P = 0.12). However, there was an interaction effect of side of pain on accuracy of left vs right images (P = 0.03). If left-sided pain was present, accuracy was lower when images showed left hands/feet than when images showed right hands/feet. Motor imagery performance is disrupted in patients with knee OA, but is also disrupted in patients with arm pain. Accuracy of left/right judgements is disrupted in a spatially defined manner, raising the important possibility that brain-grounded maps of peripersonal space contribute to the cortical proprioceptive representation.
Publisher: Anticancer Research USA Inc.
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.21873/ANTICANRES.16094
Abstract: Machine learning (ML) models are often modelled to predict cancer prognosis but rarely consider spatial factors in a region. Hence this study explored machine learning algorithms utilising Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Queensland, Australia to spatially predict 3- and 5-year prognosis of oral cancer patients and provide clinical interpretability of the predicted outcome made by the ML model. Data from a total of 3,841 oral cancer patients were retrieved from the Queensland Cancer Registry (QCR). Synthesizing minority overs ling technique together with edited nearest neighbours (SMOTE-ENN) was used to pre-process unbalanced datasets. Five ML models: logistic regression, random forest classifier, XGBoost, Gaussian Naïve Bayes and Voting Classifier were trained. Predictive features were age, sex, LGAs, tumour site and differentiation. Outcomes were 3- and 5-year overall survival of patients. Model performances on test set were evaluated using area under the curve and F1 scores. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was applied to the best performing model for model interpretation of the predicted outcome. The Voting Classifier was the best performing model with F1 score of 0.58 and 0.64 for 3- and 5-year overall survival, respectively. Age was the most important feature in the Voting Classifier in 3- and 5-year prognosis prediction. LGAs at diagnosis was the top 3 predictive feature for both 3- and 5-year models. The Voting Classifier demonstrated the best overall performance in classifying both 3- and 5-year overall survival of oral cancer patients in Queensland. SHAP method provided clinical understanding of the predictive features of the Voting Classifier.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-2011
DOI: 10.2522/PTJ.20100272
Abstract: Several studies have investigated criteria for classifying patients with low back pain (LBP) into treatment-based subgroups. A comprehensive algorithm was created to translate these criteria into a clinical decision-making guide. This study investigated the translation of the in idual subgroup criteria into a comprehensive algorithm by studying the prevalence of patients meeting the criteria for each treatment subgroup and the reliability of the classification. This was a cross-sectional, observational study. Two hundred fifty patients with acute or subacute LBP were recruited from the United States and Australia to participate in the study. Trained physical therapists performed standardized assessments on all participants. The researchers used these findings to classify participants into subgroups. Thirty-one participants were reassessed to determine interrater reliability of the algorithm decision. Based on in idual subgroup criteria, 25.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]=19.8%-30.6%) of the participants did not meet the criteria for any subgroup, 49.6% (95% CI=43.4%-55.8%) of the participants met the criteria for only one subgroup, and 25.2% (95% CI=19.8%-30.6%) of the participants met the criteria for more than one subgroup. The most common combination of subgroups was manipulation + specific exercise (68.4% of the participants who met the criteria for 2 subgroups). Reliability of the algorithm decision was moderate (kappa=0.52, 95% CI=0.27-0.77, percentage of agreement=67%). Due to a relatively small patient s le, reliability estimates are somewhat imprecise. These findings provide important clinical data to guide future research and revisions to the algorithm. The finding that 25% of the participants met the criteria for more than one subgroup has important implications for the sequencing of treatments in the algorithm. Likewise, the finding that 25% of the participants did not meet the criteria for any subgroup provides important information regarding potential revisions to the algorithm's bottom table (which guides unclear classifications). Reliability of the algorithm is sufficient for clinical use.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2018
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 17-07-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2006
DOI: 10.1016/J.JMPT.2006.08.013
Abstract: The goal of this study was to compare the variation of manipulative forces produced by instruments and a manual technique. Four operators (2 experts and 2 novices) used 4 different mechanical instruments to apply force to a uniaxial load cell. A different group of 2 expert and 2 novice operators used a traditional manual technique to apply force to a sensor mat. Two primary outcome variables were obtained from each sensor system: peak-to-peak force magnitude (N) and peak-to-peak force duration (millisecond). Multiple analyses were performed to determine the absolute differences and variation in each variable. Force-producing instrumentation exhibited less variation in absolute force and force duration compared to manual techniques. However, the same instrument in the hands of different operators often produced significantly different values of absolute force and force duration. Although absolute values of force magnitude generally differed between operators, intraoperator variation was equal for instruments and the manual technique. Conversely, for force duration, significant differences in interoperator variability were observed for the manual technique and for one of the instruments. Force-producing instruments reduce absolute variation in force magnitude and duration. However, this reduction does not eliminate significant differences in absolute force parameters observed to occur between some operators using the same instrument. Given these observations, claims of instrument superiority that do not account for interoperator variability should be considered with caution.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JPAIN.2013.07.004
Abstract: Dysfunction in the central nervous system is thought to underlie the movement disorders that commonly occur in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), with much of the literature focusing on reorganization of the primary motor cortex (M1). Presumed changes in the M1 representation of the CRPS-affected body part have contributed to new CRPS treatments, which are increasingly being integrated in the clinic. We systematically investigated the evidence for altered M1 function in CRPS. We adhered to rigorous systematic review procedure in our search strategy, risk-of-bias appraisal, and data extraction. Eighteen studies comprising 14 unique data sets were included. The included studies used several neuroimaging techniques, whose outcomes we grouped into M1 cortical excitability, spatial representation, reactivity, and glucose metabolism, and conducted meta-analyses where possible. Risk of bias across studies was high, mainly due to missing data and unblinded assessment of outcomes. No definitive conclusions can be drawn regarding M1 spatial representation, reactivity, or glucose metabolism in CRPS. There is limited evidence for bilateral M1 disinhibition in CRPS of the upper limb. Despite widely held assumptions of primary motor cortex dysfunction in complex regional pain syndrome, there is only evidence to support bilateral disinhibition, and there is high risk of bias across the literature.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2020
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12799
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-02-2022
DOI: 10.3390/DJ10020022
Abstract: To analyze the fracture resistance of zirconia implants within the anterior region and evaluate whether zirconia-zirconia implants can be a viable alternative to titanium implants. Four online databases (Cochrane Library, Ovid, PubMed, and Scopus) were searched for the period of January 2011 to July 2021. All studies that analyzed the in vivo clinical outcome of two-piece implants in the anterior region in English language were included. The search strategy identified 242 studies. Of these studies, three studies were included for qualitative synthesis based on the pre-determined eligibility criteria. The results showed that there is significant difference in biological results, fractal behavior and other complications between one-piece and two-piece zirconia implants. Two-piece zirconia implants demonstrated favorable longevity and success rates within anterior maxillary in short-term trials. Although factors involved in fractures have been identified-sandblasting, implant diameter, occlusal load, age and implant coating-there is limited quantitative assessment to gauge the fracture resistance of two-piece zirconia implants. Hence, further research with long-term clinical evidence is required.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-12-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-02637-W
Abstract: The anti-angiogenic effects of bisphosphonates have been hypothesized as one of the major etiologic factors in the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), a severe debilitating condition with limited treatment options. This study evaluated the potential of a gelatine-hyaluronic acid hydrogel loaded with the angiogenic growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as a local delivery system to aid in maintaining vascularization in a bisphosphonate-treated (Zoledronic Acid) rodent maxillary extraction defect. Healing was assessed four weeks after implantation of the VEGF-hydrogel into extraction sockets. Gross examination and histological assessment showed that total osteonecrosis and inflammatory infiltrate was significantly reduced in the presence of VEGF. Also, total vascularity and specifically neovascularization, was significantly improved in animals that received VEGF hydrogel. Gene expression of vascular, inflammatory and bone specific markers within the defect area were also significantly altered in the presence of VEGF. Furthermore, plasma cytokine levels were assessed to determine the systemic effect of locally delivered VEGF and showed similar outcomes. In conclusion, the use of locally delivered VEGF within healing extraction sockets assists bone healing and prevents MRONJ via a pro-angiogenic and immunomodulatory mechanism.
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-12-2021
DOI: 10.3390/MA14010040
Abstract: A promising approach to improve the poor antibacterial properties of dental composite resins has been the addition of metal oxide nanoparticles into the resin matrix. This systematic review aimed to determine whether the addition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) improves the antibacterial properties of direct dental composite resins. This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and registered with the PROSPERO database: CRD42019131383. A systematic literature search was conducted using the following databases: Medline (Ovid), the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Trove, Google Scholar, World Cat, and OpenGrey. The initial search retrieved 3178 results, which were then screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in a total of four studies that were eligible for qualitative synthesis within this review. All the included studies were in vitro non-randomized post-test design experimental studies. A lack of congruity in the results obtained from these studies that used different tests to evaluate antibacterial activity was evident. Although some studies demonstrated a significant improvement of antibacterial properties in composites containing at least 1% ZnO-NPs (wt %), they are unlikely to present any clear clinical advantage due to the short lifetime of observed antibacterial properties.
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-02-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP20580
Abstract: The contribution of the local stem cell niche to providing an adequate vascular framework during healing cannot be overemphasized. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are known to have a direct effect on the local vasculature, but their effect on progenitor cell differentiation is unknown. This in vitro study evaluated the effect(s) of various BPs on the differentiation of human placental mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) along the endothelial lineage and their subsequent functional and morphogenic capabilities. pMSC multipotency was confirmed by successful differentiation into cells of both the osteogenic and endothelial lineages, as demonstrated by positive Alizarin Red S staining and Ac-LDL uptake. pMSC differentiation in the presence of non-cytotoxic BP concentrations showed that nitrogen containing BPs had a significant inhibitory effect on cell migration and endothelial marker gene expression, as well as compromised endothelial differentiation as demonstrated using von Willebrand factor immunofluorescence staining and tube formation assay. This in vitro study demonstrated that at non-cytotoxic levels, nitrogen-containing BPs inhibit differentiation of pMSCs into cells of an endothelial lineage and affect the downstream functional capability of these cells supporting a multi-modal effect of BPs on angiogenesis as pathogenic mechanism contributing to bone healing disorders such as bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ).
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-2013
DOI: 10.2522/PTJ.20120263
Abstract: A treatment-based classification algorithm for low back pain (LBP) was created to help clinicians select treatments to which people are most likely to respond. To allow the algorithm to classify all people with LBP, additional criteria can help therapists make decisions for people who do not clearly fit into a subgroup (ie, unclear classifications). Recent studies indicated that classifications are unclear for approximately 34% of people with LBP. To guide improvements in the algorithm, it is imperative to determine whether people with unclear classifications are different from those with clear classifications. This study was a secondary analysis of data from 3 previous studies investigating the algorithm. Baseline data from 529 people who had LBP were used (3 discrete cohorts). The primary outcome was type of classification, that is, clear or unclear. Univariate logistic regression was used to determine which participant variables were related to having an unclear classification. People with unclear classifications had greater odds of being older (odds ratio [OR]=1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.003–1.033), having a longer duration of LBP (OR=1.001, 95% CI=1.000–1.001), having had a previous episode(s) of LBP (OR=1.61, 95% CI=1.04–2.49), having fewer fear-avoidance beliefs related to both work (OR=0.98, 95% CI=0.96–0.99) and physical activity (OR=0.98, 95% CI=0.96–0.996), and having less LBP-related disability (OR=0.98, 95% CI=0.96–0.99) than people with clear classifications. Studies from which participant data were drawn had different inclusion criteria and clinical settings. People with unclear classifications appeared to be less affected by LBP (less disability and fewer fear avoidance beliefs), despite typically having a longer duration of LBP. Future studies should investigate whether modifying the algorithm to exclude such people or provide them with different interventions improves outcomes.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2023
Publisher: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.5005/JCDP-7-5-108
Abstract: Tuberculosis is a chronic systemic granulomatous disease which rarely affects the oral cavity. Oral lesions can be either primary or secondary to systemic tuberculosis, the former being rare. This is a never-before reported case of primary tuberculosis presenting as a localized diffuse gingival enlargement in an 11-year-old Indian female patient. The diagnosis was reached through identification of positive histopathological features, Tuberculin test results, presence of anti-tubercular antibodies confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction. In view of the recent increase in the incidence of tuberculosis and the prevalence of the same, it is reasonable to include tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of gingival enlargements. This is essential to avoid any serious complications for both the clinician and patient due to a delay in the diagnosis of such a rare but plausible oral condition. Sharma CGD, Pradeep AR, Karthikeyan BV. Primary Tuberculosis Clinically Presenting as Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November (7)5:108-114.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-09-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-12-2020
DOI: 10.3390/DJ9010002
Abstract: This review sheds light on the recent published scientific evidence relating to the use of professionally delivered local antimicrobial agents (LA’s). The review also analyses drug delivery systems available to date and provides an update on the latest scientific evidence about the benefits, limitations, and clinical results obtained by use of local drugs in the treatment of periodontal disease. The search strategy revealed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy of adjunctive LA’s to mechanical therapy alone. Based on the available evidence gathered from this review, we can infer that the use of local antimicrobial agents in conjunction to scaling and root debridement (SRD) delivers significant benefits in periodontal therapy and it is a useful aid, avoiding many of the side effects that systemic antibiotic therapy may involve. Local drug delivery (LDD) is an efficient and effective means of delivering drugs based on the evidence presented in the review. The authors of this review would suggest the use of local antimicrobials in cases of localized periodontitis or in idual areas that do not respond to the usual mechanical therapy alone. This review summarizes the current use of local drug delivery in periodontal management ensuring that the general practitioners are able to choose an appropriate local antimicrobial.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-06-2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/HEALTHCARE10091747
Abstract: COVID-19, the global pandemic, has significantly interrupted the provision of oral health care to many in iduals. This study aims to evaluate patients’ attitudes to and perceptions of dental visits in the COVID-19 pandemic and assess if socio-economic status influences their perception of risk associated with dental visits. Patients attending the dental clinic were invited to participate in this study by completing a questionnaire administered in August 2021. Composite indicators for access, attitude, perception and socio-economic status were created based on subsets of questions. A total of 247 completed questionnaires were obtained. Analysis was performed with the perception, attitude and access indicators against the socio-economic status indicator. This study found that there is a statistically significant difference between socio-economic groups and their attitudes and perceptions around dental health care services in the current COVID-19 pandemic. In iduals from lower socio-economic status groups were less influenced by the pandemic. Participants from higher socio-economic status groups were found to be more cautious around COVID-19 and its risks.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2016
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12482
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.MATH.2008.01.011
Abstract: The reliability of manual methods to assess spinal stiffness is modest at best. In response, instrumentation has been developed which may be reliable, but is often difficult to use in clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to determine the intra-rater reliability of assisted indentation (AI), a smaller, less automated technique of measuring spinal stiffness in vivo. Twenty-three asymptomatic subjects were included in the study. The AI device was placed over the 4th lumbar spinous process in each prone, resting subject. Ten indentations were performed at approximately 2-min intervals while load and displacement data were collected simultaneously. From these data, two outcome variables were calculated: Global Stiffness (GS slope of the force-displacement data) and Mean Maximal Stiffness (MMS peak force eak displacement). Intra-class correlation coefficient values for 10 consecutive measures of GS and MMS were 0.93 and 0.91, respectively. A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) did not demonstrate significant differences between any indentation trials from the same subject. Measurement of spinal stiffness using AI demonstrated excellent intra-rater reliability. These data, in addition to specific features of AI (small, transportable, relatively low cost, ease of operation) suggest that AI may be of benefit within clinical environments.
Publisher: Quintessence Publishing
Date: 09-2020
DOI: 10.11607/JOMI.8354
Start Date: 2015
End Date: 2016
Funder: Australian Dental Research Foundation
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2016
End Date: 2017
Funder: Australian Dental Research Foundation
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2017
End Date: 2017
Funder: Osteology Foundation
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2017
End Date: 2018
Funder: College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2021
End Date: 2021
Funder: Australian Dental Research Foundation
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2022
End Date: 2016
Funder: University of Newcastle Australia
View Funded Activity