ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2050-7004
Current Organisation
RMIT University
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-12-2020
DOI: 10.1002/BSE.2714
Abstract: We examine the association between a country's electoral system and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensity of firms and explore whether this association is influenced by corporate political donation. The study draws on the neo‐pluralist theory of power in society to examine how possible corporate influence in the electoral systems relates to corporate environmental performance. Using a cross‐country panel dataset, we find that companies operating in countries using majoritarian electoral systems (MAJ), where corporations have a relatively low influence on election outcomes, are associated with lower GHG emission intensity than those in proportional electoral systems, after controlling for macro‐economic factors and variations in firm characteristics. Further, our findings show that corporate political donation positively moderates the association between MAJ and GHG emission intensity. Our results suggest that corporations are likely to utilise political donations as a component of business strategy to ease the regulatory actions of the state on companies. The results are robust to alternative variable measurements and tests of sensitivity.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-01-2022
DOI: 10.1002/BSE.2978
Abstract: Sustainability is not just a “buzzword” but refers to the ideal business strategy for encouraging sustainable behavior for remaining relevant and competitive. Managers of organizations are increasingly expected to duly consider and demonstrate the desired social and environmental intentions of translating leadership strategies into sustainable practices. Studies on employees' voluntary environmental behavior (VEB) are increasing in number, in that it is believed that behavior can contribute to achieving organizational sustainability strategy. However, despite the studies being published on this emerging field, leadership is a missing link regarding the psychological mechanism through which VEB can be defined and refined. Drawing on the theories of social learning and social exchange, this study seeks to establish the impact of ecocentric leadership (EL) on VEB and the mediating role of psychological green climate (PGC) in this nexus. Data were collected from wide‐ranging business organizations in Bangladesh through a self‐administered survey questionnaire. The results indicate that EL wields a significant direct influence on VEB. Moreover, EL through the mediating effect of PGC indirectly shapes VEB. The study contributes original insights to the discussions and debates on strategic leadership and climate accountability. Implications of ecocentric strategic leadership and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 22-02-2021
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 15-01-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-02-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-03-2022
DOI: 10.1002/BSE.3059
Abstract: This study examines whether a country's level of democracy is associated with greenhouse gas emission intensity of corporations and if national culture influences this association. Using cross‐country evidence, we find that firms operating in countries with strong democratic institutions are negatively associated with carbon emission intensity controlling for other country‐level variables. Democracy also moderates the positive effect of in idualistic cultures on greenhouse gas emission intensity, whereas countries with high uncertainty avoidance and indulgence are associated with high emissions despite high democratic scores. That is, while the effects of democracy and culture on greenhouse gas emission intensity supplement each other, culture shapes a firm's strategy on environmental matters to a greater extent than democracy. The results are robust to alternative variable measurement.
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 08-11-2018
DOI: 10.1108/JAOC-11-2017-0109
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of intellectual capital (IC) on financial performance and, in turn, to provide insights into its impact on emerging economies. Data were collected from 34 textile firms in Bangladesh between 2013 and 2017. The IC efficiency, through value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model, and its impact on financial performance, through return on assets (ROA), return on equity and asset turnover (ATO), was examined using descriptive statistics and multiple regression techniques. The analysis is based on secondary data obtained from annual reports. The results indicate the impact of VAIC components on financial performance and also demonstrate erse relationships with changes in financial indicators. The VAIC components significantly influenced productivity outcomes, with tangible capital playing a major role in both productivity and profitability. Moreover, it was found that structural capital had a considerable effect on ATO and ROA with human capital indicating an insignificant impact on all financial performance indicators. The research outcome is specific to the textile industry in emerging economies. The study may guide future research on IC performance in textile firms and cross-industry comparisons. Managers, firm owners and regulators need to align IC to performance management to sustain the competitive advantage in globalised competitive settings. The study provides an empirical evidence and extends knowledge of IC utilisation for enhancing the financial performance of the textile firms in emerging economies.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-05-2034
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 28-11-2019
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to, the first of its kind, investigate the relationship between the intellectual capital efficiency and organisational performance of the pharmaceutical sector in Bangladesh, an emerging economy that enjoys Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) relaxation. The study used hand-picked data from annual reports for five years. The relationship between efficient use of intellectual capital and corporate performance was examined through the practical use of human capital, structural capital and capital employed. Multiple regressions were used to assess their impact on financial performance – specifically, return on assets, return on equity, asset turnover and market-to-book value. Value-added intellectual coefficient components (i.e. human capital, structural capital and capital employed) significantly explained asset turnover and return on assets but failed to predict the return on equity outcome. Additionally, asset turnover was negatively influenced by structural capital and positively influenced by capital employed. The return on assets was mostly affected by variation in human capital. Intellectual capital did not predict market-to-book value or investment decisions. This paper provides useful resources for evaluating the financial performance and value creation of companies in emerging economies that enjoy TRIPS exemptions this research could also be extended using cross-industry comparisons. The findings have theoretical and practical implications, particularly for the pharmaceutical industry in emerging economy contexts, and for managers globally. This study is among only a few that have reported on the relationship between intellectual capital efficiency and value creation in emerging economy contexts.
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 14-09-2023
DOI: 10.1108/AAAJ-10-2020-4983
Abstract: Government reforms have seen shifts from rules-based to principles-based risk regulatory governance. This paper examines the effects of principles-based risk regulatory reforms on public sector risk management (RM) and management control practices in public sector organizations (PSOs). The principles-based regulation focuses on providing autonomy to PSOs while maintaining control over their actions without direct intervention. This resonates with Foucault's notion of how modern forms of governments operate. The research is informed by Foucault's concept of governmentality. The authors conducted a qualitative field study of an Australian PSO, gathering and analysing data from interviews, focus groups, and archival documents. The findings show the capillary modes by which principles-based risk regulatory regime penetrates and works with management control practices in pursuit of regulatory goals within the PSO the authors studied. In addition, the authors find that the principles-based approach (focusing on autonomy) and rules-based approach (focusing on control) are not opposites in kind and effect but rather, autonomy should be understood as a central pillar of control. Furthermore, the findings show how cultural controls and formal controls are not in conflict but are interconnected in RM practices, with cultural controls providing control architecture for RM and formal control translating the control architecture into routines. Finally, the study provides insights into how enterprise risk management (ERM) provides capabilities for and routinizes RM practices in a PSO and the management control systems (MCS) that enabled this to occur. The paper provides novel insights into how MCS are infiltrated, mobilized and deployed to enact principles-based risk regulatory reforms. These insights are useful for regulators, practitioners and researchers.
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 29-09-2023
DOI: 10.1108/AAAJ-05-2021-5286
Abstract: This study examines green investment reforms carried out in Bangladesh. The reform process curated significant changes by promoting green investment and fostering the adoption of risk management (RM) rationalities. This study’s focus is on revealing changes in behaviour and explaining how RM can act as an effective generator of climate change mitigation practices. Building on Foucault's concept of governmentality, the authors apply a “green governmentality” interpretive lens to analyse interviews and documentary evidence, adopting a qualitative case study approach. The authors explore how green governmentality generates RM rationalities and techniques to induce policies and practices within banks and financial institutions (FIs) for climate change mitigation purposes. The findings provide valuable insights into the reform process and influence of RM rationalities in the context of environmental concerns. The authors find that the reforms and creation of RM rationalities affect the management of climate mitigation practices within banks and FIs and identify the processes through which the RM techniques are transformed as climate concerns are emphasised. The authors illustrate green governmentality as persuasive strategies, which have generated specific ways of seeing climate change reality and new ways of inserting RM into organisational activities, through the green governmentality effects they created. These reforms made climate change actionable and governable through the production of RM rationalities, supported by accounting conceptualisations and processes. The insights from this study can assist with how we act upon questions of climate change from an RM perspective. Governments, policymakers and regulators who develop climate change-related laws, regulations and policies can draw on these insights to help foster green governmentality for climate change mitigation actions informed by RM practices. This study offers insights into how climate change is not simply a biophysical reality but a site of power-knowledge dynamics where RM rationalities are constructed, and accounting processes are transformed. The authors show the application of RM and accounting efforts to change investment practices and how changes were encouraged and promoted by using regulation as a persuasive force on knowledgeable subjects rather than a repressive or oppressive power. The analytic power of green governmentality can be applied to increase understanding of how RM rationality contribute to the creation of useful conceptualisations of climate change and provide insights into how organisations respond to green governmentality.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-11-2021
DOI: 10.3390/SU132313282
Abstract: This paper examines the effect of two Australian environmental regulatory changes, specifically the Clean Energy Act (CEA) 2011 and the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (NGER) Act 2007 with reference to voluntary corporate carbon disclosure practices. In doing so, it describes the brief history of this carbon-related regulatory change, its scope, enforcement criteria and corporations’ disclosures. This is a longitudinal analysis of 219 annual reports of 73 listed corporations in Australia which were subjected to carbon tax and report carbon emissions as per the CEA 2011 and NGER Act 2007 accordingly. Any corporation or facility that emitted scope 1 emissions of 25,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) or more were liable for a carbon tax in accordance with CEA 2011. Drawing on stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory, this study uses content analysis to examine corporate carbon disclosure. The findings suggest there is a considerable increase in the number of carbon-related disclosures following these regulations being enacted as law. In addition, carbon-specific communication has become much more prevalent and accounts for a larger proportion of the s led organisations’ reported environmental information. The results of this study enrich the validity of the hypothesis that organisations would seek to legitimise their operations to stakeholders by increasing their environment-related declarations. The evidence presented in the analysis confirms the assertion that government environmental legislation/regulation has a positive impact on corporate behaviour and accountability. These findings have significant consequences for the government, decision-makers and the accounting profession, indicating that regulatory guidance enhances both mandatory and voluntary disclosure. It also offers key insights into the possible impacts of the carbon regulatory change for future research to consider.
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3731-1.CH001
Abstract: This chapter explores and explains recent modernisation changes in the Australian Public Sector and provides insights on implications of new public management style reform for public sector accounting, auditing and accountability systems and practices. By adopting a narrative analysis approach, this chapter reconnoitres the change by dissecting the public-sector governance, performance and accountability reform and identifies significant modernisation changes in public sector management which has switched focus from a “rules-based” to “principles-based” accountability framework. Moreover, this chapter highlights the changes, challenges and opportunities that arises with the implementation of the new framework which can be seen as an innovative determination of modernisation. The modernisation change in Australia has produced new ideas of good governance and requirements for meaningful accountability systems and practices by mobilising various accountability mechanisms such as accountable authority, corporate plan, program evaluation, performance measurement, and risk management.
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-02-2019
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 2023
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 08-10-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-08-2021
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 04-08-2021
DOI: 10.1108/JAOC-08-2020-0112
Abstract: This paper aims to examine new public management (NPM) reform in New Zealand Universities (NZUs) and the process by which government policy changes generated service performance reporting (SPR), and how the SPR practices were institutionalised. It seeks to explain the underlying institutional forces of the reform process, how universities were subjected to accountability pressures through government-imposed managerial techniques and how universities responded to them. The authors draw on the theoretical lens of neo-institutional theory and the concept of NPM to interpret the setting of SPR. Data comprise annual reports and other documents produced by the NZUs. The findings show that the development of the SPR was driven by NPM ideals and rationales of greater transparency and accountability. The institutional pressures bestowed extra power to the government by demanding greater accounting reporting of university performance. It also shows the ensemble of institutions, organisations and management practices that were deployed to reorganise performance reporting practices. The study adds to the neo-institutional theory work that universities are experiencing extraordinary institutional pressure to become a market-type commodity in New Zealand and internationally. The findings have implications for government, universities, policymakers and public sector professionals who work in public sector reform. Through the institutional theoretical lens, the study offers new insights into our understanding of NPM-driven regulation and institutionalisation of managerial techniques. The insights inform policy and practice surrounding design, implementation and the potential effect of future policy changes with reference to the performance of NZUs and internationally.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1002/ISAF.1505
Abstract: We use machine learning with a cross‐sectional research design to predict governance controversies and to develop a measure of the governance component of the environmental, social, governance (ESG) metrics. Based on comprehensive governance data from 2,517 companies over a period of 10 years and investigating nine machine‐learning algorithms, we find that governance controversies can be predicted with high predictive performance. Our proposed governance rating methodology has two unique advantages compared with traditional ESG ratings: it rates companies' compliance with governance responsibilities and it has predictive validity. Our study demonstrates a solution to what is likely the greatest challenge for the finance industry today: how to assess a company's sustainability with validity and accuracy. Prior to this study, the ESG rating industry and the literature have not provided evidence that widely adopted governance ratings are valid. This study describes the only methodology for developing governance performance ratings based on companies' compliance with governance responsibilities and for which there is evidence of predictive validity.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2021
DOI: 10.1111/FAAM.12308
Abstract: This paper offers a systematic reflection on accountability research in accounting literature. It shows the dynamic relationships and networks between the construction of accountability research, academics, and accounting journals. The research involves a systematic review of accountability literature in selected accounting journals, using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Drawing on Bourdieu's relational sociology for its theoretical and methodological frameworks, the paper constructs a socioanalysis of academic and intellectual capital by categorizing various positions and reputations in relation to accountability scholarship in the field of accounting. It finds that a subtle process of position taking works in both symbolic and material ways through citing and being cited by key authors in this cultural field. The paper develops a general but sociopolitical theoretical approach to the field study of accountability in accounting. The doxa of accountability reflects the cultural capital and the way in which doxa of the accounting field is recognized and valued. The paper argues that the process of cultural production is a dialectic sociopolitical process, which influences authors’ reflections and choices and at the same time is influenced by the network of authors and journals.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-01-2023
DOI: 10.1002/BSE.3362
Abstract: This study examined the use and effectiveness of corporate sustainability practices (CSP) and the subsequent effect on a strategic outcome, competitive advantage. The new institutional sociology (NIS) theoretical framework was applied, informed by three different dimensions of institutional pressures (coercive, mimetic and normative). The study used a survey method and developed a seven‐dimensional model utilising the 52 principles provided by the OECD. It used a structural equation modelling in order to test the hypothesised associations between institutional pressures, CSP and competitive advantage to provide an institutional and contextualised perspectives from an emerging economy setting. The study found significant associations between the three types of institutional pressure with specific dimensions of CSP. The findings further revealed that specific CSP dimensions are ersely (positively and negatively) associated with competitive advantage. In line with the tenets of greenwashing, it highlighted the important role of institutional pressures from stakeholders (government, policy and customers) in implementing specific CSP. The findings inform managers, governments, foreign investors and other stakeholders in emerging economies about the influence of the institutional pressure in promoting the use of CSP and the effect of such practices on competitive advantage. From the context of an emerging economy, the study provides a unique empirical insight into the NIS perspective in promoting CSP and the subsequent impact on the strategic outcome, competitive advantage.
No related grants have been discovered for Tarek Rana.