ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0596-1885
Current Organisation
The University of Edinburgh
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-02-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.TVJL.2012.08.009
Abstract: There is increasing concern that reproductive isolation related to breed specifications in dogs, while maintaining genetic differences among breeds, is likely to promote breed-specific genetic disorders. This study examined genetic ersity among 13 popular dog breed groups in the UK. Most breeds showed high levels of homozygosity when compared with crossbred animals. The Boxer and West Highland white terrier showed the lowest heterozygosity, while the Jack Russell terrier group (not a registered breed in the UK) had a level of heterozygosity comparable to crossbred dogs. Analysis of genetic distance between breeds showed significantly different inbreeding coefficients for pairwise comparisons among registered breeds, with the most ergent breeds being the Boxer and West Highland white terrier. The Rottweiler and Golden retriever showed the highest levels of inbreeding. The least distinct group contained crossbred dogs. The results show that the registered breeds are subject to a 'breed barrier' which promotes reduction in genetic ersity.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-08-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 06-2017
DOI: 10.1534/GENETICS.116.192674
Abstract: The genetic architecture of behavioral traits in dogs is of great interest to owners, breeders, and professionals involved in animal welfare, as well as to scientists studying the genetics of animal (including human) behavior. The genetic component of dog behavior is supported by between-breed differences and some evidence of within-breed variation. However, it is a challenge to gather sufficiently large datasets to dissect the genetic basis of complex traits such as behavior, which are both time-consuming and logistically difficult to measure, and known to be influenced by nongenetic factors. In this study, we exploited the knowledge that owners have of their dogs to generate a large dataset of personality traits in Labrador Retrievers. While accounting for key environmental factors, we demonstrate that genetic variance can be detected for dog personality traits assessed using questionnaire data. We identified substantial genetic variance for several traits, including fetching tendency and fear of loud noises, while other traits revealed negligibly small heritabilities. Genetic correlations were also estimated between traits however, due to fairly large SEs, only a handful of trait pairs yielded statistically significant estimates. Genomic analyses indicated that these traits are mainly polygenic, such that in idual genomic regions have small effects, and suggested chromosomal associations for six of the traits. The polygenic nature of these traits is consistent with previous behavioral genetics studies in other species, for ex le in mouse, and confirms that large datasets are required to quantify the genetic variance and to identify the in idual genes that influence behavioral traits.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 16-04-2015
DOI: 10.2196/JMIR.3530
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2014
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 2009
Abstract: Computed tomography (CT) imaging is an important component in the pre-operative assessment of pelvic fractures in humans. The value of CT images in the management of small animal pelvic fractures is presently undetermined. The objective of this study was to investigate the benefits of CT images on the management of pelvic fractures. A prospective study of 25 traumatised cases of canine and feline pelvic fractures were evaluated, where CT images and conventional orthogonal radiographic assessments were performed on each case. Three diplomat orthopaedic surgeons independently reviewed the radio-graphs and CT images on separate occasions and determined fracture classification, management plan, estimated recovery time and prognosis. A consensus review of the imaging modalities and surgical reports was used as the definitive fracture description. For all observers, management was not found to differ significantly between radiographic and CT analysis (P 0.05). There was moderate agreement between observers and between imaging modalities for fracture description. Greatest discrepancy was found as the fracture complexity increased, such as with acetabula and sacral fractures, whereby CT was the most sensitive. Clinically high quality radiography would be recommended for all pelvic fracture cases CT may be beneficial where there is uncertainty, particularly with acetabula fractures or sacral fractures causing neurological deficits. Experienced orthopaedic surgeons often disagreed on the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of pelvic trauma.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.1136/VR.102739
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2016
DOI: 10.1136/VR.103729
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Dylan Clements.