ORCID Profile
0000-0001-5902-7871
Current Organisation
Charles Sturt University
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Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-03-2022
Abstract: An understanding of phenology and reproductive plasticity of a weed species can provide valuable information to manage it precisely. This study evaluated the phenotypic plasticity of feathertop Rhodes grass (Chloris virgata Sw.) where cohorts of four different populations (two from cropping and two from roadside situations) were initiated in early spring (4 September), late spring (4 November), mid-summer (4 January), and early autumn (4 March) in southern New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The team grew in idual plants in the absence of competition under natural conditions. Life-history and fitness-related traits of both phenology and morphology were measured, and dry biomass of vegetative and reproductive parts were determined at physiological maturity. Among the four sowing times, the late-spring sowing treatment took the longest time from emergence to the first seed head emergence (70–110 days), while it had the shortest seed maturity period (8–16 days). Length of reproductive and total life period of the four populations differed across the four sowing-time treatments. The plants that emerged in mid-summer had the longest reproductive period (30 days) whereas the early-autumn emerging plants died before the reproductive stage because of the cold temperatures during winter. The mid-summer cohort required slightly longer time (63–85 days) to achieve seed head formation and less time (19–24 days) for seed maturity than those plants that emerged in early or late spring. All the reproductive features were varied by sowing times and population. The number of seed heads (12–15 per plant) and spikelets (12–13 per seed head), as well as the seed head biomass, re-productive biomass allocation pattern, and seed production, generally increased in the mid-summer-emerged cohort. Seed production in the mid-summer (9942 seeds lant) cohort was 10% and 70% higher than the late spring (8000 seeds lant) and early spring (3240 seeds lant) cohorts, respectively. The ratio of reproductive biomass to vegetative biomass increased in the mid-summer sowing times in all populations, and this species displayed true plasticity in reproductive allocation. Additionally, the four populations of feathertop Rhodes grass differed significantly in phenological, vegetative, and reproductive traits, depending on the sowing time. The reproductive fitness of the four populations varied, with the two roadside populations (FELT 04/20 and STURT/16–17) appearing to be better adapted than the two cropping populations (PARK 01/20 and GLEN 03/18). The results from our study could help construct a basic framework for a variety of weed-management tactics to achieve successful control.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-09-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-05-2019
DOI: 10.1111/WBM.12174
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 09-01-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.LEGALMED.2015.09.004
Abstract: Despite rapidly growing understandings and dependency on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), highly variable autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) are still regarded as the most established method to differentiate in iduals at forensic level. Here with large number of various ethnic groups we undertook this study to reveal the genetic structure of the most densely populated part of South Asia i.e. the Bangladesh. The purpose of this work was to estimate population parameters based on the allele frequencies obtained for 15 polymorphic autosomal STR loci investigated in caste and tribal populations from Bangladesh (n=706). We compared the results in a broader context by merging 24 different populations of Asia to pertain their affinity. Various statistical analyses suggested a clear cut demarcation of tribal and non-tribal in Bangladesh. Moreover, beside the phylogenetic structure of the studied populations, it is found that the mean heterozygosity value was highest among the populations of Bangladesh, likely because of gene flow from different directions. However, Tonchangya, Adi and Khumi showed sign of genetic isolation and reduced ersity, possibly as a result of genetic drift and/or strong founder effects working on small endogamous populations.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 26-08-2020
DOI: 10.1017/WSC.2020.58
Abstract: Dwarf amaranth ( Amaranthus macrocarpus Benth.) is a problematic broadleaf weed in many crops in Australia however, no information is available on the germination ecology of this species. Seeds from two populations of this species were collected from Hillston, NSW, Australia (D-P-01), and Yandilla, QLD, Australia (D-P-02). Seeds were germinated at a range of constant (20 to 45 C) and alternating temperatures (30/20, 35/25, 40/30, and 45/35 C day/night). For the constant temperature treatments, the highest germination occurred at 35 C for D-P-01 (89%) and D-P-02 (82%). Germination was higher at the alternating day/night temperature of 40/30 C for both populations D-P-01 (91%) and D-P-02 (85%). Seed germination of both populations was stimulated by light, which indicates a great amount of emergence of A. macrocarpus can occur on bare ground such as crop seed beds. Results also revealed that this species tolerates a moderate level of salinity and can germinate in slightly alkaline soil conditions. The emergence of this species was highest (47%) for the seed buried at 0.5-cm depth in grey cracking alkaline soil compared with seed buried at the same depth in acidic red soils. These results suggest that soil inversion by tillage to bury weed seeds below their maximum emergence depth could serve as an important tool for managing A. macrocarpus . The results from this study will help in developing more sustainable and effective integrated weed management tactics for the control of this weed and weeds with similar responses in summer cropping systems.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-07-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-94370-7
Abstract: Understanding the fate of heterogenous herbicide resistant weed populations in response to management practices can help towards overcoming the resistance issues. We selected one pair of susceptible (S) and resistant (R) phenotypes (2B21-R vs 2B21-S and 2B37-R vs 2B37-S) separately from two glyphosate resistant heterogeneous populations (2B21 and 2B37) of Echinochloa colona and their fate and adaptive plasticity were evaluated after glyphosate application. Our study revealed the glyphosate concentration required to cause a 50% plant mortality (LD 50 ) was 1187, 200, 3064, and 192 g a. e. ha −1 for the four phenotypes 2B21-R, 2B21-S, 2B37-R, and 2B37-S respectively. Both S phenotypes accumulated more biomass than the R phenotypes at the lower application rates (34 and 67.5 g a. e. ha −1 ) of glyphosate. However, the R phenotypes generally produced more biomass at rates of glyphosate higher than 100 g a. e. ha −1 throughout the growth period. Plants from the R phenotypes of 2B21 and 2B37 generated 32% and 38% fewer spikes plant −1 than their respective S counterparts in the absence of glyphosate respectively. The spike and seed numbers plant -1 significantly higher in R than S phenotypes at increased rates of glyphosate and these relationships were significant. Our research suggests that glyphosate-resistant E. colona plants will be less fit than susceptible plants (from the same population) in the absence of glyphosate. But in the presence of glyphosate, the R plants may eventually dominate in the field. The use of glyphosate is widespread in field, would favour the selection towards resistant in iduals.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-06-2019
DOI: 10.1111/WBM.12183
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-09-2014
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 15-05-2023
DOI: 10.1017/WSC.2023.29
Abstract: Cowvine ( Ipomoea lonchophylla J.M. Black) is a native and widely spread summer broadleaf weed in Australia. It contains glycoresins, which are toxic to livestock. However, limited information is available on seed germination ecology and growth phenology of this species. A series of experiments were conducted to determine the response of I. lonchophylla to different environmental conditions. Results showed that the primary dormancy exhibited by I. lonchophylla is due to the physical impediment of the hard seed coat. The seed germination percentage was the highest at the constant temperature of 27 C and alternating temperatures of 35/25 C. Germination of I. lonchophylla was not stimulated by light, suggesting that this species is non-photoblastic. Ipomoea lonchophylla germination was intolerant of a medium to high level of salt stress, and germination was completely inhibited at 250 mM NaCl. The emergence of I. lonchophylla was not restricted by seeding depth up to 8 cm, but only 5% emergence was recorded when seeds were planted at a 16-cm depth. The germination percentage was also drastically reduced by 90% to 100% after exposure to either 3 mo in silage, 48-h digestion in steers, or silage plus digestion treatments. The growth and reproductive phenology of I. lonchophylla was affected by emergence time. Plants that emerged in late spring (November 15) were able to produce more berries per plant than those that emerged in midsummer (January 15) in southern New South Wales. Information gained in our study concerning high soil salinity, ensiling, and digestion will help to develop more sustainable and effective integrated weed management strategies for controlling and reducing the spread of this weed.
Publisher: Bangladesh Journals Online (JOL)
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.3329/IJARIT.V2I1.14007
Abstract: Declining crop yield due to weeds and their resistance to herbicides are major constraint for successful crop productions. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is common weed species in Australian cropping rotation. Allelopathic potentiality of milk thistle on different crops has been documented sporadically, but there is no literature on about ryegrass and canola. Therefore, a laboratory based allelopathic extracts bioassay was conducted. The hot water extracts was prepared from milk thistle plant parts added into water with ration of 1: 10 (plant s le: distilled water) where mixture was heated 10 minutes. After heat treatment s les was immediately sieved and centrifuged and the resulted solution was treated as 100% concentration. Separately, to get the fresh water extract plant s le was added into water (1:10) and kept 24 hours in room temperature. After 24 hours, the s le was sieved and centrifuged and collected s les result was treated 100% concentrations. To obtain 50% concentration, both hot and fresh s les were diluted with distilled water. Therefore the experiment was conducted with five different treatment concentrations (0, 50% hot water extracts, 50% fresh water extracts, 100% hot water extracts and 100% fresh water extracts). The experiment was comprised with RCBD design with three replications under control conditions. During experimental period the allelopathic effects of donor species on germination and seedling growth of ryegrass and canola was observed. Results shows, germination and seedling growth of both receiver species are inhibited by milk thistle extracts. Extracts from fresh water at 100% was more toxic to receiver species followed by 50% concentration of fresh and 100% from hot water extracts. This concentration reduced the root, shoot growth of ryegrass and canola 84.971%, 84.269% and 89.898%, 87.394%, respectively. The result also revealed that allelopathic pattern of hot water extracts was same however it is less toxic to both receiver species. DOI: 0.3329/ijarit.v2i1.14007 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 2 (1): 62-67, June, 2012
Publisher: CRC Press
Date: 26-04-2010
DOI: 10.1201/B10548-75
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-06-2022
Abstract: Parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) is among the most noxious invasive alien plant species, which can pose a threat to agro- and native-ecosystems. Despite potential parthenium infestation risks at the south-western regions of the Ganges–Brahmaputra floodplains of Bangladesh, no studies exist that document parthenium infestation. Using field surveys and a maximum entropy (Maxent) modelling approach, the present study tries to address the problem in the concerned region comprised of five Districts: Jashore, Jhenaidah, Chuadanga, Meherpur, and Khustia. The results revealed high infestation in the Jashore, Jhenaidah, and Chuadanga Districts, mainly along roadsides, in grasslands, and in fallow and cropped fields. The greatest abundance of the weed (ca. 30 plants m−2) occurred at the Indian border area, suggesting cross-border spreading, possibly through the linking road systems. Furthermore, we found that under both low and high emissions scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways 2.6 and 8.5), parthenium weed suitability areas were likely to expand, suggesting an increased threat to the agro-ecosystems of Bangladesh. The present study is the first attempt to survey and model potential parthenium weed distribution affecting one of the major hubs of agricultural production in Bangladesh. The findings of this study can help land managers to make judicious decisions towards the future management of these agro-ecosystems.
Publisher: CRC Press
Date: 26-04-2010
DOI: 10.1201/B10548-71
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2012.06.045
Abstract: The study assesses the daily consumption by adults of arsenic (As) and other elements in drinking water and home-grown vegetables in a severely As-contaminated area of Bangladesh. Most of the examined elements in drinking water were below the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline values except As. The median concentrations of As, cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), Mn, nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) in vegetables were 90 μg kg(-1), 111 μg kg(-1), 0.80 mg kg(-1), 168 μg kg(-1), 13 mg kg(-1), 2.1 mg kg(-1), 65 mg kg(-1), 1.7 mg kg(-1), and 50 mg kg(-1), respectively. Daily intakes of As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, manganese (Mn), Ni, and Zn from vegetables and drinking water for adults were 839 μg, 2.9 μg, 20.8 μg, 5.5 μg, 0.35 mg, 56.4 μg, 2.0mg, 49.1 μg, and 1.3mg, respectively. The health risks from consuming vegetables were estimated by comparing these figures with the WHO/FAO provisional tolerable weekly or daily intake (PTWI or PTDI). Vegetables alone contribute 0.05 μg of As and 0.008 mg of Cu per kg of body weight (bw) daily 0.42 μg of Cd, 8.77 mg of Pb, and 0.03 mg of Zn per kg bw weekly. Other food sources and particularly dietary staple rice need to be evaluated to determine the exact health risks from such foods.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-02-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-12-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 22-04-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FAGRO.2021.657785
Abstract: Witchgrass ( Panicum c apillare L.) is a summer growing grass weed species and is increasing its prevalence in southern Australia. A better understanding of the seed biology is needed to effectively manage this weed. A series of field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine seed germination factors, field emergence patterns, and soil seedbank longevity. Witchgrass germination was stimulated by light and it germinated better at temperature over 20°C, with 93–100% germination at the two constant temperatures of 20 and 30°C, and the two alternating day/night temperatures of 30/25 and 35/25°C. It is highly tolerant to moisture stress at germination, with 2–7% germination even at −0.48 Mpa. Witchgrass seed lost 47–68% viability after 12 months of burial in the soil, however the seed persisted for more than 4 years if buried at 10 cm in the soil. Witchgrass emergence in southern New South Wales (NSW) commenced in mid spring (early October), with peak emergence of 63–83% in November and then significantly reduced to 16–37% emergence in December. Little emergence (& %) occurred in the summer months from January to February. These results provide useful information for designing effective management strategies and the optimum timing of control. Climate change could favor the phenological development and the further spread of this weed, which present new challenges for its effective management. Further study is needed to investigate the impact of climate change on the biology, spread, and management of witchgrass.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 21-09-2018
DOI: 10.1101/423004
Abstract: Surrounded by speakers of Indo-European, Dravidian and Tibeto-Burman languages, around 11 million Munda (a branch of Austroasiatic language family) speakers live in the densely populated and genetically erse South Asia. Their genetic makeup holds components characteristic of South Asians as well as Southeast Asians. The admixture time between these components has been previously estimated on the basis of archaeology, linguistics and uniparental markers. Using genome-wide genotype data of 102 Munda speakers and contextual data from South and Southeast Asia, we retrieved admixture dates between 2000 – 3800 years ago for different populations of Munda. The best modern proxies for the source populations for the admixture with proportions 0.78/0.22 are Lao people from Laos and Dravidian speakers from Kerala in India, while the South Asian population(s), with whom the incoming Southeast Asians intermixed, had a smaller proportion of West Eurasian component than contemporary proxies. Somewhat surprisingly Malaysian Peninsular tribes rather than the geographically closer Austroasiatic languages speakers like Vietnamese and Cambodians show highest sharing of IBD segments with the Munda. In addition, we affirmed that the grouping of the Munda speakers into North and South Munda based on linguistics is in concordance with genome-wide data.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-07-2021
Abstract: Annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.), traditionally utilised as a pasture species, has become the most problematic and difficult-to-control weed across grain production regions in Australia. Annual ryegrass has been favoured by the adoption of conservation tillage systems due to its genetic ersity, prolific seed production, widespread dispersal, flexible germination requirements and competitive growth habit. The widespread evolution of herbicide resistance in annual ryegrass has made its management within these systems extremely difficult. The negative impacts of this weed on grain production systems result in annual revenue losses exceeding $93 million (AUD) for Australian grain growers. No single method of management provides effective and enduring control hence the need of integrated weed management programs is widely accepted and practiced in Australian cropping. Although annual ryegrass is an extensively researched weed, a comprehensive review of the biology and management of this weed in conservation cropping systems has not been conducted. This review presents an up-to-date account of knowledge on the biology, ecology and management of annual ryegrass in an Australian context. This comprehensive account provides pragmatic information for further research and suitable management of annual ryegrass.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-08-2022
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 29-07-2022
DOI: 10.3389/FAGRO.2022.954153
Abstract: Weed seeds can be spread by different vectors, and seed dispersal is an important mechanism for the weed to persist. Weed seeds passaging through the digestive tract of a ruminant animal is expected to result in reduced viability. Two separate experiments were conducted to determine the germinability and viability of the mature seeds of feathertop Rhodes grass (Chloris virgata Sw.) after exposure to four treatments, that is, 3 months in silage, 48 h in the rumen of steers, silage plus digestion, and passing through the digestive tract of sheep. Our results showed that three different treatments (silage, digestion, and silage plus digestion) can inhibit 90%–100% of the seed germination of feathertop Rhodes grass. Both silage and digestion reduced seed viability by 65%–90%, depending on the population. Silage followed by digestion reduced viability by 80%–97%. The sheep feeding study showed that total viable seeds from the daily recovery of feces for 12 consecutive days after ingestion was only 0.084% and 0.022% in the 2020 and 2021 experiments, respectively. In comparison with the untreated control, the seed viability of feathertop Rhodes grass was reduced by more than 99.9% after feeding through sheep, indicating that the spreading of feathertop Rhodes grass seeds via sheep feces is minimal. These results indicate that silage, digestion, silage followed by digestion, and the ingestion of mature seeds are effective non-chemical weed management options for an integrated weed management package for feathertop Rhodes grass.
No related grants have been discovered for Md Asaduzzaman.