ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0246-6886
Current Organisation
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-04-2023
DOI: 10.1002/RSE2.333
Abstract: Climate change and increasing human activities are impacting ecosystems and their bio ersity. Quantitative measurements of essential bio ersity variables (EBV) and essential climate variables are used to monitor bio ersity and carbon dynamics and evaluate policy and management interventions. Ecosystem structure is at the core of EBVs and carbon stock estimation and can help to inform assessments of species and species ersity. Ecosystem structure is also used as an indirect indicator of habitat quality and expected species richness or species community composition. Spaceborne measurements can provide large‐scale insight into monitoring the structural dynamics of ecosystems, but they generally lack consistent, robust, timely and detailed information regarding their full three‐dimensional vegetation structure at local scales. Here we demonstrate the potential of high‐frequency ground‐based laser scanning to systematically monitor structural changes in vegetation. We present a proof‐of‐concept high‐temporal ecosystem structure time series of 5 years in a temperate forest using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). We also present data from automated high‐temporal laser scanning that can allow upscaling of vegetation structure scanning, overcoming the limitations of a typically opportunistic TLS measurement approach. Automated monitoring will be a critical component to build a network of field monitoring sites that can provide the required calibration data for satellite missions to effectively monitor the structural dynamics of vegetation over large areas. Within this perspective, we reflect on how this network could be designed and discuss implementation pathways.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-10-2023
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 09-09-2022
Abstract: Tropical deforestation continues at alarming rates with profound impacts on ecosystems, climate, and livelihoods, prompting renewed commitments to halt its continuation. Although it is well established that agriculture is a dominant driver of deforestation, rates and mechanisms remain disputed and often lack a clear evidence base. We synthesize the best available pantropical evidence to provide clarity on how agriculture drives deforestation. Although most (90 to 99%) deforestation across the tropics 2011 to 2015 was driven by agriculture, only 45 to 65% of deforested land became productive agriculture within a few years. Therefore, ending deforestation likely requires combining measures to create deforestation-free supply chains with landscape governance interventions. We highlight key remaining evidence gaps including deforestation trends, commodity-specific land-use dynamics, and data from tropical dry forests and forests across Africa.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-06-2017
Abstract: Understandably, given the fast pace of bio ersity loss, there is much interest in using Earth observation technology to track bio ersity, ecosystem functions and ecosystem services. However, because most bio ersity is invisible to Earth observation, indicators based on Earth observation could be misleading and reduce the effectiveness of nature conservation and even unintentionally decrease conservation effort. We describe an approach that combines automated recording devices, high-throughput DNA sequencing and modern ecological modelling to extract much more of the information available in Earth observation data. This approach is achievable now, offering efficient and near-real-time monitoring of management impacts on bio ersity and its functions and services.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-08-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41586-023-06440-7
Abstract: Determining the drivers of non-native plant invasions is critical for managing native ecosystems and limiting the spread of invasive species 1,2 . Tree invasions in particular have been relatively overlooked, even though they have the potential to transform ecosystems and economies 3,4 . Here, leveraging global tree databases 5–7 , we explore how the phylogenetic and functional ersity of native tree communities, human pressure and the environment influence the establishment of non-native tree species and the subsequent invasion severity. We find that anthropogenic factors are key to predicting whether a location is invaded, but that invasion severity is underpinned by native ersity, with higher ersity predicting lower invasion severity. Temperature and precipitation emerge as strong predictors of invasion strategy, with non-native species invading successfully when they are similar to the native community in cold or dry extremes. Yet, despite the influence of these ecological forces in determining invasion strategy, we find evidence that these patterns can be obscured by human activity, with lower ecological signal in areas with higher proximity to shipping ports. Our global perspective of non-native tree invasion highlights that human drivers influence non-native tree presence, and that native phylogenetic and functional ersity have a critical role in the establishment and spread of subsequent invasions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-09-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41586-019-1128-0
Abstract: The identity of the dominant root-associated microbial symbionts in a forest determines the ability of trees to access limiting nutrients from atmospheric or soil pools
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-06-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41586-019-1342-9
Abstract: In this Letter, a middle initial and additional affiliation have been added for author G. J. Nabuurs two statements have been added to the Supplementary Acknowledgements and a citation to the French National Institute has been added to the Methods see accompanying Author Correction for further details.
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 23-03-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-08-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41559-022-01831-X
Abstract: The latitudinal ersity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025° × 0.025°) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with in idual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from ~1.3 million s le plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of bio ersity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-08-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41586-021-03728-4
Abstract: Tropical forests store 40-50 per cent of terrestrial vegetation carbon
Location: Germany
No related grants have been discovered for Martin Herold.