ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8875-7523
Current Organisations
Griffith University
,
University of Parma
,
University of Queensland
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Publications
Infection risks associated with peripheral vascular catheters
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 08-07-2016
Abstract: Peripheral vascular catheters (PVC) are the most frequently used invasive medical devices in hospitals, with 330 million sold each year in the USA alone. One in three UK inpatients at any one time has at least one PVC in situ according to the Scottish National Prevalence survey. A narrative review of studies describing the infection risks associated with PVCs. It is estimated that 30–80% of hospitalised patients receive at least one PVC during their hospital stay. Despite their prevalence, PVCs are not benign devices, and the high number of PVCs inserted annually has resulted in serious catheter-related bloodstream infections and significant morbidity, prolonged hospital stay and increased healthcare system costs. To date, PVC infections have been under-evaluated. Most studies focus on central venous catheter rather than PVC-associated bloodstream infections. Risks associated with PVC infection must be addressed to reduce patient morbidity and associated costs of prolonged hospital admission and treatment. This article discusses the sources and routes of PVC-associated infection and outlines known effective prevention and intervention strategies.
Nurses' decision‐making about intravenous administration set replacement: A qualitative study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-07-2019
DOI: 10.1111/JOCN.14979
Abstract: To explore nurses' decision-making regarding intravenous administration set replacement for vascular access device infusions in paediatric and adult clinical settings. Intravenous administration sets are routinely replaced at regular intervals in clinical practice with the goal of preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection however, emerging evidence is challenging traditional hang-time durations. Nurses' perceptions and contextual factors affecting decision-making for administration set replacement have not been assessed previously. Qualitative study using focus groups with contextualism methodology and inductive analysis. During November-December 2016, eight semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 38 nurses at two metropolitan hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Two authors independently reviewed transcripts and extracted significant statements using Braun and Clarke's 7-step method of thematic analysis. The COREQ checklist provided a framework to report the study methods, context, findings, analysis and interpretation. Five key themes emerged from the analysis: (a) infection prevention, (b) physical safety, (c) patient preference, (d) clinical knowledge and beliefs, and (e) workload. Administration set replacement can be a complex task, particularly when patients have multiple infusions and incompatible medications. Nurses drew on perceptions of patient preference, as well as previous experience, knowledge of peer experts and local policies, to aid their decisions. Nurses use clinical reasoning to balance patient safety and preferences with competing workplace demands when undertaking administration set replacement. Nurses rely on previous experience, hospital and medication manufacturer policies, and peer experts to guide their practice. Nurses at times deviate from clinical guidelines in the interests of patient acuity, nurses' experience and workload. The findings of this study indicate nurses also balance considerations of patient preference and safety with these competing demands.
New eviQ central venous access device education and resources available
Publisher: Cambridge Media
Date: 10-2021
DOI: 10.33235/VA.7.2.7-11
Consider the patient's voice
Publisher: Mark Allen Group
Date: 28-04-2016
Barriers and facilitators for implementing peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) appropriateness guidelines: A longitudinal survey study from 34 Michigan hospitals
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 04-11-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0277302
Abstract: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are prevalent devices for medium-to-long-term intravenous therapy but are often associated with morbid and potentially lethal complications. This multi-center study sought to identify barriers and facilitators of implementing evidence-based appropriateness criteria to improve PICC safety and patient outcomes in a pay-for-performance model. Participating hospitals received an online toolkit with five recommendations: establishing a vascular access committee implementing a clinical decision tool for PICC appropriateness avoiding short-term PICC use (≤5 days) increasing use of single-lumen PICCs and avoiding PICC placement in patients with chronic kidney disease. Longitudinal online surveys conducted biannually October 2014–November 2018 tracked implementation efforts. A total of 306 unique surveys from 34 hospitals were completed. The proportion of hospitals with a dedicated committee overseeing PICC appropriateness increased from 53% to 97%. Overall, 94% of hospitals implemented an initiative to reduce short-term and multi-lumen PICC use, and 91% integrated kidney function into PICC placement decisions. Barriers to implementation included: achieving agreement from erse disciplines, competing hospital priorities, and delays in modifying electronic systems to enable appropriate PICC ordering. Provision of quarterly benchmarking reports, a decision algorithm, access to an online toolkit, and presence of local ch ion support were cited as crucial in improving practice. Structured quality improvement efforts including a multidisciplinary vascular access committee, clear targets, local ch ions, and support from an online education toolkit have led to sustained PICC appropriateness and improved patient safety.
Does a Dedicated Lumen for Parenteral Nutrition Administration Reduce the Risk of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections? A Systematic Literature Review
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1097/NAN.0000000000000270
Abstract: Guidelines recommend using single-lumen central vascular access devices (CVADs) for the administration of parenteral nutrition (PN) or lipid-based solutions, or a dedicated lumen on a multilumen CVAD. Publications reviewed by the authors reported comparative rates of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI) in patients with CVADs who received PN through a dedicated lumen compared with those who had PN administered through multilumen CVADs. Two studies included 650 patients with 1349 CVADs. CR-BSIs were equally distributed between the 2 groups. Both studies were poorly reported and had significant risk of bias. These results should be interpreted with caution.
The relationship between intravenous infusate colonisation and fluid container hang time
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-10-2009
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2702.2009.02870.X
Abstract: To examine the level of microbial colonisation in intravenous fluids after 24 hours of use in an acute care setting to determine the necessity of changing infusate bags on a time-related basis. Catheter-related bloodstream infections are a serious and life-threatening complication of intravascular devices. Colonised intravenous fluids are one potential source of infection however, there is little published literature on incidence rates and few recent studies. Routine intravenous fluid replacement has been advocated as an infection control method, but the effectiveness of this is unknown and the optimal duration for infusate use remains uncertain. Cross-sectional study over 18 months in a 257-bed teaching hospital. Infusate specimens (n = 264) were obtained from crystalloid fluids that had been used for 24 hours or more. Microbiological culture and sensitivity testing was performed and infusate-related bloodstream infection (IRBSI) rates were recorded. S le testing of previously unopened intravenous solutions acted as a control. The infusate colonisation rate was 0.4%, or 0.09 per 1000 infusion hours. The only isolated organism was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Infusions had been in use for 24-185 hours (1-8 days). There was no difference in median duration of use for colonised (35.0 hours) and sterile (34.0 hours) specimens (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.99). There were no cases of IRBSI. The incidence of intravenous fluid colonisation and the risk of related bloodstream infection are low even after several days of infusate use. Current practice appears to successfully maintain the sterility of intravenous fluids. Routine replacement of intravenous fluids continues in many settings, often 24 hourly, in the belief that this prevents infection. We found no relationship between duration of use and colonisation and routine replacement may be unnecessary. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of routinely replacing intravenous fluids at set time points to prevent colonisation and infection.
Nanoscale distribution of Bi atoms in InP1−xBix
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-09-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-12075-2
Abstract: The nanoscale distribution of Bi in InPBi is determined by atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy. The distribution of Bi atoms is not uniform both along the growth direction and within the film plane. A statistically high Bi-content region is observed at the bottom of the InPBi layer close to the InPBi/InP interface. Bi-rich V-shaped walls on the (−111) and (1–11) planes close to the InPBi/InP interface and quasi-periodic Bi-rich nanowalls in the (1–10) plane with a periodicity of about 100 nm are observed. A growth model is proposed to explain the formation of these unique Bi-related nanoscale features. These features can significantly affect the deep levels of the InPBi epilayer. The regions in the InPBi layer with or without these Bi-related nanostructures exhibit different optical properties.
WoCoVA consensus on the clinical use of in-line filtration during intravenous infusions: Current evidence and recommendations for future research
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 28-01-2021
Abstract: The need for filtering intravenous infusions has long been recognized in the field of venous access, though hard scientific evidence about the actual indications for in-line filters has been scarce. In the last few years, several papers and a few clinical studies have raised again this issue, suggesting that the time has come for a proper definition of the type of filtration, of its potential benefit, and of its proper indications in clinical practice. The WoCoVA Foundation, whose goal is to increase the global awareness on the risk of intravenous access and on patients’ safety, developed the project of a consensus on intravenous filtration. A panel of experts in different aspects of intravenous infusion was chosen to express the current state of knowledge about filtration and to indicate the direction of future research in this field. The present document reports the final conclusions of the panel.
Negative thermal quenching of below-bandgap photoluminescence in InPBi
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 30-01-2017
DOI: 10.1063/1.4975586
Abstract: This paper reports a temperature-dependent (10–280 K) photoluminescence (PL) study of below-bandgap electron-hole recombinations and anomalous negative thermal quenching of PL intensity in InP1–xBix (x = 0.019 and 0.023). Four PL features are well resolved by curve-fitting of the PL spectra, of which the energies exhibit different temperature dependence. The integral intensities of the two high-energy features diminish monotonically as temperature rises up, while those of the two low-energy features decrease below but increase anomalously above 180 K. A phenomenological model is established that the residual electrons in the final state of the PL transition transfer into nonradiative state via thermal hopping, and the thermal hopping produces in parallel holes in the final state and hence enhances the radiative recombination significantly. A reasonable interpretation of the PL processes in InPBi is achieved, and the activation energies of the PL quenching and thermal hopping are deduced.
Implementing the I-DECIDED clinical decision-making tool for peripheral intravenous catheter assessment and safe removal: protocol for an interrupted time-series study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-2018
Peripherally InSerted CEntral catheter dressing and securement in patients with cancer: the PISCES trial. Protocol for a 2x2 factorial, superiority randomised controlled trial
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-2017
Novel type II InGaAs/GaAsBi quantum well for longer wavelength emission
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Peripheral intravenous catheter assessment: beyond phlebitis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Mapping progress in intravascular catheter quality surveillance: An Australian case study of electronic medical record data linkage
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 11-08-2018
Abstract: Intravascular (IV) catheters are the most invasive medical device in healthcare. Localized priority-setting related to IV catheter quality surveillance is a key objective of recent healthcare reform in Australia. We sought to determine the plausibility of using electronic health record (EHR) data for catheter surveillance by mapping currently available data across state-wide platforms. This work has identified barriers and facilitators to a state-wide EHR surveillance initiative. Data variables were generated and mapped from routinely used EHR sources across Queensland, Australia through a systematic search of gray literature and expert consultation with clinical information specialists. EHR systems were eligible for inclusion if they collected data related to IV catheter insertion, care, or outcomes of hospitalized patients. Generated variables were mapped against international recommendations for IV catheter surveillance, with data linkage and data export capacity narratively summarized. We identified five EHR systems, namely, iEMR, MetaVision ICU ® , Multiprac, RiskMan, and the Nephrology Registry. Systems were used across jurisdictions and hospital wards. Data linkage was not evident across systems. Extraction processes for catheter data were not standardized, lacking clear and reliable extraction techniques. In combination, EHR systems collected 43/50 international variables recommended for catheter surveillance, however, in idual systems collected a median of 24/50 (IQR 22, 30) variables. We did not identify integrated clinical analytic systems (incorporating machine learning) to support clinical decision making or for risk stratification (e.g., catheter-related infection). Current data linkage across EHR systems limits the development of an IV catheter quality surveillance system to provide timely data related to catheter complications and harm. To facilitate reliable and timely surveillance of catheter outcomes using clinical informatics, substantial work is needed to overcome existing barriers and transform health surveillance.
“If you haven't got a PhD, you're not going to get a job”: The PhD as a hurdle to continuing academic employment in nursing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEDT.2010.07.002
Abstract: This paper is drawn from a larger study that sought to identify and examine issues around the employment of sessional academic staff in baccalaureate nurse education. Twelve sessional teachers and 12 continuing academics participated in the interviews. Examination of the data revealed the PhD was perceived as a hurdle to continuing employment in nurse education in the university sector. In the current climate, sessional teachers continue to be an essential part of the nursing academic workforce and are necessary to meet the teaching and learning demands associated with implementing nursing curricula. Findings suggest a need for scrupulous processes in relation to the recruitment of sessional staff, and highlight the difficulties that sessional teachers may have in securing continuing academic employment. We provide recommendations to facilitate the appointment of appropriate in iduals into sessional roles and highlight the need to mentor and support sessional teachers wishing to pursue a career as nurse academics. Questions are raised about how nursing can plan for future academic workforce needs in a context of an aging academic workforce, the demand for doctoral training for nurse academics, and widespread casualisation of the nursing academic workforce.
Optical properties and band bending of InGaAs/GaAsBi/InGaAs type-II quantum well grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-09-2016
DOI: 10.1063/1.4962288
Abstract: Photoluminescence (PL) properties of In0.2Ga0.8As/GaAs0.96Bi0.04/In0.2Ga0.8As quantum well (QW) grown on GaAs substrates by gas source molecular beam epitaxy were studied by varying excitation power and temperature, respectively. The type-II transition energy shifts from 1.149 eV to 1.192 eV when increasing the excitation power from 10 mW to 150 mW at 4.5 K, which was ascribed to the band-bending effect. On the other hand, the type-II PL quenches quickly along with fast redshift with the increasing temperature due to the relaxation of the band bending caused by the thermal excitation process. An 8 band k·p model was used to analyze the electronic properties and the band-bending effect in the type-II QW. The calculated subband levels and transition energy fit well with the experiment results, and two thermal activation energies of 8.7 meV and 50 meV, respectively, are deduced.
The easy option? Australian findings on mothers' perception of elective Caesarean as a birth choice after a prior Caesarean section
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2009
Peripheral intravenous catheter dressing and securement practice is associated with site complications and suboptimal dressing integrity: A secondary analysis of 40,637 catheters
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJNURSTU.2019.103409
Abstract: With over 2 billion peripheral intravenous catheters used globally each year, avoiding complications is crucial for patients and healthcare organisations. Effective catheter dressing and securement is a key nursing strategy to reduce catheter failure and resultant patient harm. To describe global catheter dressing and securement practices and policy and identify factors associated with catheter insertion site complications, and suboptimal dressing and securement. Secondary analysis of a global cross-sectional study of peripheral intravenous catheter characteristics, management and outcomes. Four hundred and seven rural, regional and metropolitan hospitals in 51 countries. Paediatric and adult patients with 40,637 catheters. Patient-, catheter-, and institution-related factors which could be associated with catheter site complications and suboptimal dressings were extracted from the parent database. Global trends in catheter dressing and securement policy and practice were described. Potential predictors of catheter and dressing complications were explored using logistic regression. Dressing and securement practices, and local hospital policy regarding dressing change frequency varied. One fifth of dressings (21%, n = 8519) were not clean, dry and intact. The prevalence of catheter insertion site complications was 16% (n = 6503), with signs of phlebitis commonly observed (11.5%, n = 4587). Compared to non-bordered polyurethane dressings, sterile gauze and tape dressings were associated with fewer insertion site complications (odds ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.50-0.68) and better dressing integrity (odds ratio 0.68 95% confidence interval 0.59-0.77) whereas, compared with no securement, non-sterile tape at the insertion site was associated with more site complications (odds ratio 2.39, 95% confidence interval 2.22-2.57) and poorer dressing integrity (odds ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.51-1.75). Two 'bundled' dressing and securement combinations were associated with fewer site and dressing complications, when compared with the reference category. Local catheter care guidelines which advocate 4th hourly insertion site inspection and dressing replacement between 1-3 days were associated with better catheter dressing integrity. Modifiable risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter site and dressing complications were identified and are amendable to further interventional testing.
Use of Short Peripheral Intravenous Catheters: Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes Worldwide
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.12788/JHM.3039
Abstract: Peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) use in health care is common worldwide. Failure of PIVCs is also common, resulting in premature removal and replacement. To investigate the characteristics, management practices, and outcomes of PIVCs internationally. Cross‐sectional study. Hospitalized patients from rural, regional, and metropolitan areas internationally. Hospital, device, and inserter characteristics were collected along with assessment of the catheter insertion site. PIVC use in different geographic regions was compared. We reviewed 40,620 PIVCs in 51 countries. PIVCs were used primarily for intravenous medication ( n = 28,571, 70%) and predominantly inserted in general wards ( n = 22,167, 55%). Two‐thirds of all devices were placed in non‐recommended sites such as the hand, wrist, or antecubital veins. Nurses inserted most PIVCs ( n = 28,575, 71%) although there was wide regional variation (26% to 97%). The prevalence of idle PIVCs was 14% ( n = 5,796). Overall, 10% ( n = 4,204) of PIVCs were painful to the patient or otherwise symptomatic of phlebitis a further 10% ( n = 3,879) had signs of PIVC malfunction and 21% of PIVC dressings were suboptimal ( n = 8,507). Over one‐third of PIVCs ( n = 14,787, 36%) had no documented daily site assessment and half ( n = 19,768, 49%) had no documented date and time of insertion. In this study, we found that many PIVCs were placed in areas of flexion, were symptomatic or idle, had suboptimal dressings, or lacked adequate documentation. This suggests inconsistency between recommended management guidelines for PIVCs and current practice.
Global Pediatric Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Practice and Performance: A Secondary Analysis of 4206 Catheters
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.PEDN.2019.09.023
Abstract: To describe worldwide characteristics, performance and risk factors of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs), in pediatrics. A secondary, subgroup analysis of pediatric ( 2 years age (odds ratio [OR] > 1.58 1.2-2.1) ambulance/emergency insertion (OR 1.65 1.2-2.3) upper arm/antecubital placement (OR 1.44 1.1-2.0) poor dressing integrity (OR 5.4 4.2-6.9) and 24-72 h dwell (OR > 1.9 1.3-2.6). There is global inconsistency in pediatric PIVC practice, which may be causing harm. Improvements in pediatric PIVC placement, dressings, and gauge selection are needed.
Can the implementation of a PIVC bundle reduce bloodstream infection? A systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Influence of Bi on morphology and optical properties of InAs QDs: publisher’s note
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 15-08-2018
DOI: 10.1364/OME.8.002702
Disinfection of needleless connectors to reduce Staphylococcus aureus bacterial load
Publisher: Mark Allen Group
Date: 27-10-2022
DOI: 10.12968/BJON.2022.31.19.S26
Abstract: Compare effectiveness of chemical disinfectants in reducing S. aureus. Five disinfectants reduced the bacterial load, especially chlorhexidine solutions. Focus on Brazilian clinical practice of needleless connector disinfection This study aimed to gain further knowledge about the comparative effectiveness of chemical disinfectants in reducing the bacterial load of NCs inoculated with S. aureus. Disinfection of needleless connectors was undertaken in vitro against S. aureus comparing 70% isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 70% ethanol, 0.5% and 2% chlorhexidine in 70% IPA applied with gauze, and 70% IPA single-use cap (Site-Scrub®). All disinfectants reduced the bacterial load (P .001), especially the chlorhexidine solutions. Mechanical friction should follow guidelines. This study found that all tested disinfectants effectively reduced the bacterial load and more clinical studies must be developed with a focus on the Brazilian clinical practice of needleless connector disinfection.
Not just an intravenous line: Consumer perspectives on peripheral intravenous cannulation (PIVC). An international cross-sectional survey of 25 countries
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 28-02-2018
Healthcare practitioner perspectives and experiences regarding vascular access device data: An exploratory study
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 30-01-2020
I-DECIDED® – A decision tool for assessment and management of invasive devices in the hospital setting
Publisher: Pappin Communications
Date: 13-12-2021
DOI: 10.5737/CVAA-153714
Abstract: Indwelling medical devices, including vascular access and urinary catheters, pose a risk for infection, and therefore daily assessment and consideration of their continued need is a patient safety priority. The I-DECIDED® device assessment and decision tool is an evidence-based checklist, designed to improve the assessment, care, and timely removal of invasive devices in acute hospitalized patients. This paper explains each step of the tool, with rationale for inclusion.
Conflicting Models of Care for People with Mental Disabilities in Charles Dickens's Fiction and Journalism
Publisher: Liverpool University Press
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.3828/JLCDS.2015.6
Undergraduate nursing students' perceptions of the current content and pedagogical approaches used in PIVC education. A qualitative, descriptive study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Bismuth-induced band-tail states in GaAsBi probed by photoluminescence
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 04-02-2019
DOI: 10.1063/1.5079266
Abstract: Band-tail states in semiconductors reflect the effects of material growth and/or treatment, affect the performance of optoelectronic applications, and are hence a well-concerned issue. Dilute-Bi GaAs is considered very competitive though the role of Bi is yet to be well clarified. We in this letter investigate the effect of Bi incorporation on the band-tail states in GaAs1−xBix by excitation power- and magnetic field-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements at low temperatures. Three PL features are identified from a broad PL peak, which blue-shift monotonically with the increase in excitation power. None of the PL features correlate with single Bi-content free-exciton recombination, and band-tail filling rather than the donor-acceptor pair process is responsible for the power-induced blueshift. The density of band-tail states gets enhanced with the increase in the Bi incorporation level and affects the determination of Bi-induced bandgap reduction. The results indicate that joint analysis of excitation- and magneto-PL may serve as a good probe for band-tail states in semiconductors.
Dominance–diversity relationships in ant communities differ with invasion
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2018
DOI: 10.1111/GCB.14331
Abstract: The relationship between levels of dominance and species richness is highly contentious, especially in ant communities. The dominance-impoverishment rule states that high levels of dominance only occur in species-poor communities, but there appear to be many cases of high levels of dominance in highly erse communities. The extent to which dominant species limit local richness through competitive exclusion remains unclear, but such exclusion appears more apparent for non-native rather than native dominant species. Here we perform the first global analysis of the relationship between behavioral dominance and species richness. We used data from 1,293 local assemblages of ground-dwelling ants distributed across five continents to document the generality of the dominance-impoverishment rule, and to identify the biotic and abiotic conditions under which it does and does not apply. We found that the behavioral dominance- ersity relationship varies greatly, and depends on whether dominant species are native or non-native, whether dominance is considered as occurrence or relative abundance, and on variation in mean annual temperature. There were declines in ersity with increasing dominance in invaded communities, but ersity increased with increasing dominance in native communities. These patterns occur along the global temperature gradient. However, positive and negative relationships are strongest in the hottest sites. We also found that climate regulates the degree of behavioral dominance, but differently from how it shapes species richness. Our findings imply that, despite strong competitive interactions among ants, competitive exclusion is not a major driver of local richness in native ant communities. Although the dominance-impoverishment rule applies to invaded communities, we propose an alternative dominance- ersification rule for native communities.
Photoluminescence of InGaAs/GaAsBi/InGaAs type-II quantum wells grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 19-12-2016
Association between emergency department length of stay and patient outcomes: A systematic review
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-12-2021
DOI: 10.1002/NUR.22201
Abstract: In this review, we investigate associations between time spent in the emergency department (ED) and patient reported outcomes. ED staff provide initial assessment, treatment and referral to patients presenting with an acute status to the hospital 24 h a day. ED length of stay, including ED boarding, and treatment received in the ED may affect patient outcomes. In this review we considered published studies that explored the association of ED length of stay of in iduals of any age with their subsequent outcomes, including mortality and inpatient length of stay (IPLOS). Joanna Briggs Institute methods for systematic reviews of association were followed. Search strategies were developed to identify studies published in English since 2000 for inclusion. Two reviewers assessed the studies for inclusion and methodological quality and extracted data independently. In total, 34 studies were included in the review, including one case‐control, one analytical cross‐sectional, and 32 retrospective cohort studies, with a total s le size of 2,308,840 patients. Overall, there were variable associations of time spent in the ED and mortality, IPLOS, time‐to‐treatment and adverse events. However, findings indicated that older people are at risk for longer ED stays. They may also experience higher mortality. Specific focus should be placed upon elderly people in the ED, to reduce their exposure to the ED environment where possible and to implement focused initiatives that address their specific and complex treatment needs. We conclude that the ersity of in idual settings and health systems will require locally defined and relevant solutions to locally identified issues.
Strategies for CAUTI prevention: Are we on the same page?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
One million global catheters PIVC worldwide prevalence study: building alliances to put vascular access device management and infection prevention on the world stage from Australia to the Democratic R
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-06-2015
International prevalence of the use of peripheral intravenous catheters
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-06-2015
DOI: 10.1002/JHM.2389
Abstract: Over a billion peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are inserted each year in hospitalized patients worldwide. However, international data on prevalence and management of these devices are lacking. The study assessed the prevalence of PIVCs and their management practices across different regions of the world. This global audit involved 14 hospitals across 13 countries, with 479 patients screened for the presence of a PIVC. We found 59% of patients had at least 1 PIVC in place, and 16% had other types of vascular devices. We also found that overall, 25% of patients had no vascular device in place. The majority of PIVCs were inserted by nursing staff or a specialist team. The prevalence of idle PIVCs in place with no fluid or medication orders was 16%, and 12% of PIVCs had at least 1 symptom of phlebitis.
Effect of Delaying Replacement of Parenteral Nutrition Intravenous Administration Sets: Preclinical Experiments and a Dynamic Laboratory Model of Microbial Colonization
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-01-2018
DOI: 10.1002/JPEN.1039
Abstract: Recommendations prescribe daily intravenous administration set (IVAS) replacement for parenteral nutrition (PN) comprising intravenous fat emulsions (IVFE) due to risk of micro-organism growth and resultant central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), but system disconnection for this practice may allow contamination and CLABSIs. Laboratory experiments and model development were used to simulate PN administration after contamination from healthcare workers' hands. This study observed the growth of micro-organisms known to cause CLABSIs in a variety of PN and other IV fluids and developed a model to investigate the effect of delaying IVAS replacement on microbial growth for up to 7 days. Micro-organisms grew at different rates and were affected by solution type. In static experiments, growth was supported in IVFE and all-in-one PN, but suppressed in 50% glucose. Growth patterns were consistent over time for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans in IVFE, all-in-one PN, and 0.9% sodium chloride in both static and dynamic experiments. C. albicans grew exponentially to clinically significant numbers in all-in-one PN and IVFE IVAS after 30 hours, but negligible growth of S. epidermidis or S. aureus occurred for 7 days. All-in-one PN and IVFE support the C. albicans growth after minimal initial contamination, with micro-organisms migrating from the fluid bag to the central venous access device. Improved aseptic nontouch technique during clinical practice is vital to prevent contamination. Daily IVAS replacement of for all-in-one PN and IVFE should continue until the safety of prolonging IVAS replacement is confirmed by randomized trials.
Clinical audits to improve critical care: Part 1 Prepare and collect data
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.AUCC.2017.04.003
Abstract: Clinical audits are used to examine current practice, compare this with established best practice and implementing change, to ensure patients receive the most effective treatment. They are successful in improving the quality and safety of care provided, and thereby clinical outcomes. Clinical audits are ubiquitous throughout critical care practice, but without the necessary focus, engagement, preparation, method, evaluation and communication, they may be a waste of resources. This article is the first of a two-paper series regarding audits in critical care. The article provides an overview of the structures and processes needed to prepare and collect data for clinical audits, to make them as effective as possible to improve patient outcomes. This is accomplished through a practical step-by-step guide, including links to valuable resources, which are relevant to all critical care clinicians planning on undertaking clinical audits.
Electrically injected GaAsBi/GaAs single quantum well laser diodes
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 11-2017
DOI: 10.1063/1.4985231
Abstract: We present electrically injected GaAs/GaAsBi single quantum well laser diodes (LDs) emitting at a record long wavelength of 1141 nm at room temperature grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The LDs have excellent device performances with internal quantum efficiency of 86%, internal loss of 10 cm-1 and transparency current density of 196 A/cm2. The LDs can operate under continuous-wave mode up to 273 K. The characteristic temperature are extracted to be 125 K in the temperature range of 77∼150 K, and reduced to 90 K in the range of 150∼273 K. The temperature coefficient of 0.3 nm/K is extracted in the temperature range of 77∼273 K.
Clinical audits to improve critical care: Part 2: Analyse, benchmark and feedback
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.AUCC.2017.04.002
Abstract: Clinical audits are an essential part of the cycle designed to ensure that patients receive the best quality of care. By measuring the care delivered against established best practice standards, it becomes possible to identify shortcomings and to plan targeted strategies and processes for continuous improvement. The success of a clinical audit depends upon defined goals, motivation of stakeholders, appropriate tools and resources, and clear communication. In part 1 of this series, an overview of the structures and processes needed to prepare and collect data for clinical audits in the critical care setting was provided [A.J. Ullman, G. Ray-Barruel, C.M. Rickard, M. Cooke, Clinical audits to improve critical care: Part 1 Prepare and collect data, Aust Crit Care, 2017, in press]. In part 2, we discuss how to analyse the collected audit data, benchmark findings with internal and external data sets, and feedback audit results to critical care clinicians to promote evidence-based practice and improve patient outcomes.
Infusion phlebitis assessment measures: A systematic review
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-01-2014
DOI: 10.1111/JEP.12107
Nursing considerations to complement the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2011
Randomized controlled trials in central vascular access devices: A scoping review
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 21-03-2017
A global database of ant species abundances
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1002/ECY.1682
Abstract: What forces structure ecological assemblages? A key limitation to general insights about assemblage structure is the availability of data that are collected at a small spatial grain (local assemblages) and a large spatial extent (global coverage). Here, we present published and unpublished data from 51 ,388 ant abundance and occurrence records of more than 2,693 species and 7,953 morphospecies from local assemblages collected at 4,212 locations around the world. Ants were selected because they are erse and abundant globally, comprise a large fraction of animal biomass in most terrestrial communities, and are key contributors to a range of ecosystem functions. Data were collected between 1949 and 2014, and include, for each geo-referenced s ling site, both the identity of the ants collected and details of s ling design, habitat type, and degree of disturbance. The aim of compiling this data set was to provide comprehensive species abundance data in order to test relationships between assemblage structure and environmental and biogeographic factors. Data were collected using a variety of standardized methods, such as pitfall and Winkler traps, and will be valuable for studies investigating large-scale forces structuring local assemblages. Understanding such relationships is particularly critical under current rates of global change. We encourage authors holding additional data on systematically collected ant assemblages, especially those in dry and cold, and remote areas, to contact us and contribute their data to this growing data set.
Global is local: bringing IV research back to the bedside
Publisher: Mark Allen Group
Date: 22-04-2015
Anomalous photoluminescence in InP1−xBix
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-06-2016
DOI: 10.1038/SREP27867
Abstract: Low temperature photoluminescence (PL) from InP 1−x Bi x thin films with Bi concentrations in the 0–2.49% range reveals anomalous spectral features with strong and very broad (linewidth of 700 nm) PL signals compared to other bismide alloys. Multiple transitions are observed and their energy levels are found much smaller than the band-gap measured from absorption measurements. These transitions are related to deep levels confirmed by deep level transient spectroscopy, which effectively trap free holes and enhance radiative recombination. The broad luminescence feature is beneficial for making super-luminescence diodes, which can theoretically enhance spatial resolution beyond 1 μm in optical coherent tomography (OCT).
I-DECIDED®—a decision tool for assessment and management of invasive devices in the hospital setting
Publisher: Mark Allen Group
Date: 21-04-2022
DOI: 10.12968/BJON.2022.31.8.S37
Abstract: Indwelling medical devices, including vascular access and urinary catheters, pose a risk for infection, and therefore daily assessment and consideration of their continued need is a patient safety priority. The I-DECIDED® device assessment and decision tool is an evidence-based checklist, designed to improve the assessment, care and timely removal of invasive devices in acute hospitalized patients. This paper explains each step of the tool, with rationale for inclusion.
Towards improved organisational support for nurses working in research roles in the clinical setting: A mixed method investigation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.COLEGN.2011.07.002
Abstract: The clinical research workforce within nursing is growing including those employed to lead studies, coordinate research and many hybrid roles. Several studies have reported high job satisfaction among research nurses. However, there have also been reports of limited options for career development and professional integration, likely reflecting typical informal, departmentally based management models. Institution-wide studies of issues related to research nurses are lacking, thus h ering the design and implementation of effective organisational frameworks to support and develop these positions. To explore experiences of nurses employed in research positions regarding organisational structures and support for research career pathways, and determine what reforms would strengthen an effective research specialisation pathway. A mixed-methods, cross-sectional approach, using a 104-item survey and semistructured interviews of 11 staff in research roles at an acute care hospital in Queensland, Australia. Research nurses lack organisational support in many job aspects that they deem important. A management model for the coordination of research nurses within a health district could maximise development of this field. Academic liaison and mentoring for nurses in research, and recognition for effort, are key areas for a management model to target. Nurses in research roles need in idual mentorship, collective support, and the professional recognition and status that researchers in other settings are afforded. A comprehensive research management model would provide structured organisational support for nurses in research, improve professional development opportunities, ensure efficient use of human resources, synergistic working partnerships, and further contribute to a culture of evidence-based healthcare.
Climate mediates the effects of disturbance on ant assemblage structure
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 07-06-2015
Abstract: Many studies have focused on the impacts of climate change on biological assemblages, yet little is known about how climate interacts with other major anthropogenic influences on bio ersity, such as habitat disturbance. Using a unique global database of 1128 local ant assemblages, we examined whether climate mediates the effects of habitat disturbance on assemblage structure at a global scale. Species richness and evenness were associated positively with temperature, and negatively with disturbance. However, the interaction among temperature, precipitation and disturbance shaped species richness and evenness. The effect was manifested through a failure of species richness to increase substantially with temperature in transformed habitats at low precipitation. At low precipitation levels, evenness increased with temperature in undisturbed sites, peaked at medium temperatures in disturbed sites and remained low in transformed sites. In warmer climates with lower rainfall, the effects of increasing disturbance on species richness and evenness were akin to decreases in temperature of up to 9°C. Anthropogenic disturbance and ongoing climate change may interact in complicated ways to shape the structure of assemblages, with hot, arid environments likely to be at greatest risk.
Understanding consumer preference for vascular access safety and quality measurement: an international survey
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 15-12-2021
DOI: 10.1071/AH21053
Abstract: Objectives The aim of this study was to examine patient perceptions regarding vascular access quality measurement. Methods A web-based, cross-sectional survey was performed using a convenience s le of healthcare consumers with vascular access experience, recruited from September 2019 to June 2020. Survey respondents were asked to rate the perceived importance of 50 vascular access data items, including patient demographics, clinical and device characteristics, and insertion, management and complication data. Data were ranked using a five-point Likert scale (1, least important 5, most important), and are reported as median values. Respondents proposed additional items and explored broader perspectives using free-text responses, which were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results In all, 68 consumers completed the survey. Participants were primarily female (82%), aged 40–49 years (29%) and living in Australia or New Zealand (84%). All respondents indicated that measuring the quality of vascular access care was important. Of the 50 items, 37 (74%) were perceived as ‘most important’ (median score 5), with measures of quality (i.e. outcomes and complications) rated highly (e.g. thrombosis and primary blood stream infection). Participants proposed 16 additional items. ‘Gender’ received the lowest perceived importance score (median score 3). Two themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of broader perspectives: (1) measurement of vascular access device complication severity and associated factors and (2) patient experience. Conclusion Measuring vascular access quality and safety is important to consumers. Outcome and complication measures were rated ‘most important’, with respondents identifying a need for increased monitoring of their overall vascular access journey through the health system. What is known about the topic? The use of vascular access devices is common among hospitalised patients. Quality surveillance is not standardised, with no incorporation of patient preference. What does this paper add? We identify the data items consumers perceive as valuable to measure related to their vascular access journey most importantly, consumers perceived the collecting of vascular access data as important. What are the implications for practitioners? Health services can use these data to develop platforms to monitor the quality and safety of vascular access care.
Postinfusion Phlebitis: Incidence and Risk Factors
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1155/2015/691934
Abstract: Objective. To document the incidence of postinfusion phlebitis and to investigate associated risk factors. Design. Analysis of existing data set from a large randomized controlled trial, the primary purpose of which was to compare routine peripheral intravascular catheter changes with changing catheters only on clinical indication. Participants and Setting. Patients admitted to a large, acute general hospital in Queensland, Australia, and who required a peripheral intravenous catheter. Results. 5,907 PIVCs from 3,283 patients were studied. Postinfusion phlebitis at 48 hours was diagnosed in 59 (1.8%) patients. Fifteen (25.4%) of these patients had phlebitis at removal and also at 48 hours after removal. When data were analyzed per catheter, the rate was lower, 62/5907 (1.1%). The only variable associated with postinfusion phlebitis was placement of the catheter in the emergency room ( P = 0.03 ) . Conclusion. Although not a common occurrence, postinfusion phlebitis may be problematic so it is important for health care staff to provide patients with information about what to look for after an intravascular device has been removed. This trial is registered with ACTRN12608000445370 .
Patients’ perceptions and knowledge of source isolation for multi-resistant organisms in an Australian metropolitan hospital: A bedside interview with questionnaire study
Publisher: The Beryl Institute
Date: 02-11-2022
“Just in case”. Use of large-bore peripheral intravenous catheters in parturient women: A global study
Publisher: Cambridge Media
Date: 30-04-2019
DOI: 10.33235/VA.5.1.4-7
Changes in serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein following antimicrobial therapy as a guide to antibiotic duration in the critically ill: a prospective evaluation
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2009
Peripheral intravenous catheters in the care of oncology and haematology patients
Publisher: Cambridge Media
Date: 06-2022
The burden of peripheral intravenous catheters in older hospital inpatients: A national cross‐sectional study part of the ONE MILLION GLOBAL PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CATHETERS COLLABORATION
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-04-2022
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.13068
Abstract: To investigate the burden of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) in older hospitalised patients. A cross‐sectional prospective observational study (2014/2015) to describe the characteristics, indications and outcomes of PIVCs among patients aged ≥65 from 65 Australian hospitals. Amongst 2179 in idual PIVCs (in 2041 patients, mean age 77.6 years, 45% female, 58% in NSW), 43% were inserted by doctors and 74% used that day, meaning 25% were ‘idle’. Overall, 18% (393/2179) exhibited signs of PIVC‐related complications. Most commonly exhibited PIVC‐related complications were tenderness (4.1%) and local redness (1.8%). Nearly one in three (29.1%) dressings was soiled, loosened or had come off, and only 36.8% had the time and date documented on the dressing. Both infusing IV medications (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.28–2.38, p 0.001) and inserting the PIVC in a non‐upper limb vein (aOR 3.40 compared to forearm [reference site], 95% CI 1.62–7.17, p 0.001) were independently associated with PIVC failure. Phlebitis was exhibited in 7% (154) of the patients. Only infusing intravenous medications increased the likelihood of developing symptoms of phlebitis (aOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.01–2.57, p = 0.05). Increasing age was inversely associated with symptoms of phlebitis. Among the 1575 patients (79%) who rated their PIVC experience using the Likert scale 0–10 (where 10 = ‘best possible’), the median score was 8 (IQR 6–10). Age in highest quartile ( years) was independently associated with lower likelihood of a high score (aOR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54–0.94, p = 0.02). Given 1 in 5 PIVCs were identified with having complications, further research should focus on optimising PIVC use in older patients.
Influence of Bi on morphology and optical properties of InAs QDs
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 07-11-2017
DOI: 10.1364/OME.7.004249
Are infusion phlebitis assessment scales reliable and valid?
Publisher: Mark Allen Group
Date: 23-04-2014
Reduction in ‘Just in Case’ cannula rates with a structured assessment and decision tool: An interrupted time-series study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Phlebitis Signs and Symptoms with Peripheral Intravenous Catheters: Incidence and Correlation Study
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2018
DOI: 10.1097/NAN.0000000000000288
Abstract: This study was undertaken to calculate the incidence of 8 signs and symptoms used for the diagnosis of phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheters, or short peripheral catheters, and the level of correlation between them. A total of 22 789 daily observations of 6 signs ( swelling, erythema, leakage, palpable venous cord, purulent discharge , and warmth ) and 2 symptoms ( pain and tenderness ) were analyzed of 5907 catheter insertion sites. Most signs and symptoms of phlebitis occurred only occasionally or rarely the incidence of tenderness was highest (5.7%). Correlations were mostly low warmth correlated strongly with tenderness, swelling , and erythema .
Awareness of Peripheral Intravenous Catheters Among Nurses, Physicians, and Students
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-05-2022
Defining and Describing Terminal Ulcers in Adults at End of Life: An Integrative Review
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 04-2022
The I-DECIDED clinical decision-making tool for peripheral intravenous catheter assessment and safe removal: a clinimetric evaluation
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2019-035239
Abstract: To describe the clinimetric validation of the I-DECIDED tool for peripheral intravenous catheter assessment and decision-making. I-DECIDED is an eight-step tool derived from international vascular access guidelines into a structured mnemonic for device assessment and decision-making. The clinimetric evaluation process was conducted in three distinct phases. Initial face validity was confirmed with a vascular access working group. Next, content validity testing was conducted via online survey with vascular access experts and clinicians from Australia, the UK, the USA and Canada. Finally, inter-rater reliability was conducted between 34 pairs of assessors for a total of 68 peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) assessments. Assessments were timed to ensure feasibility, and the second rater was blinded to the first’s findings. Content validity index (CVI), mean item-level CVI (I-CVI), internal consistency, mean proportion of agreement, observed and expected inter-rater agreements, and prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappas (PABAK) were calculated. Ethics approvals were obtained from university and hospital ethics committees. The I-DECIDED tool demonstrated strong content validity among international vascular access experts (n=7 mean I-CVI=0.91 mean proportion of agreement=0.91) and clinicians (n=11 mean I-CVI=0.93 mean proportion of agreement=0.94), and high inter-rater reliability in seven adult medical-surgical wards of three Australian hospitals. Overall, inter-rater reliability was 87.13%, with PABAK for each principle ranging from 0.5882 (‘patient education’) to 1.0000 (‘document the decision’). Time to complete assessments averaged 2 min, and nurse-reported acceptability was high. This is the first comprehensive, evidence-based, valid and reliable PIVC assessment and decision tool. We recommend studies to evaluate the outcome of implementing this tool in clinical practice. 12617000067370
Using audits as evidence
Publisher: Mark Allen Group
Date: 27-04-2017
Effectiveness of insertion and maintenance bundles in preventing peripheral intravenous catheter-related complications and bloodstream infection in hospital patients: A systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.IDH.2019.03.001
Abstract: Evidence-based bundles have reduced central line bloodstream infection rates in adult intensive care units. To tackle peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) bloodstream infection, many hospitals have implemented PIVC insertion and maintenance bundles. However, the efficacy of PIVC bundles in preventing PIVC complications and infection in hospital patients is uncertain. The aim of this paper is to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of PIVC insertion and maintenance bundles on preventing adverse events. In this systematic review, we searched multiple electronic databases, trial registries, and grey literature for eligible studies published in English (January 2000-December 2018) to identify intervention studies evaluating PIVC insertion or maintenance bundles with two or more components. Search terms: peripheral intravenous catheter/cannula, insertion, maintenance, bundle, infection, infiltration, extravasation, dislodgement, thrombosis, occlusion, and phlebitis. Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction and quality assessments using the Downs and Black checklist. Of 14,456 records screened, 13 studies (6 interrupted time-series, 7 before-and-after) were included. Insertion and maintenance bundles included multiple components (2-7 items per bundle). Despite testing different bundles, 12 studies reported reductions in phlebitis and bloodstream infection, and one study reported no change in bloodstream infection and an increase in phlebitis rate. Methodological quality of all studies ranked between 'low' and 'fair'. The effect of PIVC bundles on PIVC complications and bloodstream infection rates remains uncertain. Standardisation of bundle components and more rigorous studies are needed. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42017075142.
Disinfection of Needleless Connectors to Reduce Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Load
Publisher: Association for Vascular Access
Date: 04-04-2022
Abstract: This study aimed to gain further knowledge about the comparative effectiveness of chemical disinfectants in reducing the bacterial load of NCs inoculated with S. aureus. Disinfection of needleless connectors was undertaken in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus comparing 70% isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 70% ethanol, 0.5% and 2% chlorhexidine in 70% IPA applied with gauze, and 70% IPA single-use cap (Site-Scrub®). All disinfectants reduced the bacterial load (P & 0.001), especially the chlorhexidine solutions. Mechanical friction should follow guidelines. This study found that all tested disinfectants effectively reduced the bacterial load and more clinical studies must be developed with a focus on the Brazilian clinical practice of needleless connector disinfection.
Inter-rater agreement on PIVC-associated phlebitis signs, symptoms and scales
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-07-2015
DOI: 10.1111/JEP.12396
Abstract: Many peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) infusion phlebitis scales and definitions are used internationally, although no existing scale has demonstrated comprehensive reliability and validity. We examined inter-rater agreement between registered nurses on signs, symptoms and scales commonly used in phlebitis assessment. Seven PIVC-associated phlebitis signs/symptoms (pain, tenderness, swelling, erythema, palpable venous cord, purulent discharge and warmth) were observed daily by two raters (a research nurse and registered nurse). These data were modelled into phlebitis scores using 10 different tools. Proportions of agreement (e.g. positive, negative), observed and expected agreements, Cohen's kappa, the maximum achievable kappa, prevalence- and bias-adjusted kappa were calculated. Two hundred ten patients were recruited across three hospitals, with 247 sets of paired observations undertaken. The second rater was blinded to the first's findings. The Catney and Rittenberg scales were the most sensitive (phlebitis in >20% of observations), whereas the Curran, Lanbeck and Rickard scales were the most restrictive (≤2% phlebitis). Only tenderness and the Catney (one of pain, tenderness, erythema or palpable cord) and Rittenberg scales (one of erythema, swelling, tenderness or pain) had acceptable (more than two-thirds, 66.7%) levels of inter-rater agreement. Inter-rater agreement for phlebitis assessment signs/symptoms and scales is low. This likely contributes to the high degree of variability in phlebitis rates in literature. We recommend further research into assessment of infrequent signs/symptoms and the Catney or Rittenberg scales. New approaches to evaluating vein irritation that are valid, reliable and based on their ability to predict complications need exploration.
Supporting academic publication: Evaluation of a writing course combined with writers’ support group
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEDT.2008.11.005
Abstract: Publication rates are a vital measure of in idual and institutional performance, yet many nurse academics publish rarely or not at all. Despite widespread acceptance of the need to increase academic publication rates and the pressure university faculty may experience to fulfil this obligation, little is known about the effectiveness of practical strategies to support academic writing. In this small cohort study (n=8) comprising nurses and other professionals involved in university education, a questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a one-week "Writing for Publication" course combined with a monthly writers support group to increase publication rates. Two year pre and post submissions increased from 9 to 33 articles in peer-reviewed journals. Publications (in print) per person increased from a baseline of 0.5-1.2 per year. Participants reported increased writing confidence and greater satisfaction with the publishing process. Peer support and receiving recognition and encouragement from line managers were also cited as incentives to publish. Writing for publication is a skill that can be learned. The evaluated model of a formal writing course, followed by informal monthly group support meetings, can effectively increase publication rates.
Related Organisations
Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University
Location: No location found
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for Gillian Ray-Barruel.