ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1909-134X
Current Organisations
Cluéo Clinical
,
The University of Queensland RECOVER National Injury Research Centre
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Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9CC00206E
Abstract: A photoactive Co II /Ru II -based MOF with a channel aperture of ca. 21 Å is reported its gas sorption behavior is characteristic of mesoporous materials with CO 2 sorption selectivity over N 2 .
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JPAIN.2022.10.005
Abstract: The multiple comorbidities & dimensions of chronic pain present a formidable challenge in disentangling its aetiology. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies of 8 chronic pain types using UK Biobank data (N =4,037-79,089 cases N = 239,125 controls), followed by bivariate linkage disequilibrium-score regression and latent causal variable analyses to determine (respectively) their genetic correlations and genetic causal proportion (GCP) parameters with 1,492 other complex traits. We report evidence of a shared genetic signature across chronic pain types as their genetic correlations and GCP directions were broadly consistent across an array of biopsychosocial traits. Across 5,942 significant genetic correlations, 570 trait pairs could be explained by a causal association (|GCP| >0.6 5% false discovery rate), including 82 traits affected by pain while 410 contributed to an increased risk of chronic pain (cf. 78 with a decreased risk) such as certain somatic pathologies (eg, musculoskeletal), psychiatric traits (eg, depression), socioeconomic factors (eg, occupation) and medical comorbidities (eg, cardiovascular disease). This data-driven phenome-wide association analysis has demonstrated a novel and efficient strategy for identifying genetically supported risk & protective traits to enhance the design of interventional trials targeting underlying causal factors and accelerate the development of more effective treatments with broader clinical utility. PERSPECTIVE: Through large-scale phenome-wide association analyses of >1,400 biopsychosocial traits, this article provides evidence for a shared genetic signature across 8 common chronic pain types. It lays the foundation for further translational studies focused on identifying causal genetic variants and pathophysiological pathways to develop novel diagnostic & therapeutic technologies and strategies.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 14-03-2022
DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.13.22272317
Abstract: The multifactorial nature of chronic pain with its numerous comorbidities presents a formidable challenge in disentangling their aetiology. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies of eight regional chronic pain types using UK Biobank data (N=4,037–79,089 cases N=239,125 controls), followed by bivariate linkage disequilibrium-score regression and latent causal variable analyses to determine (respectively) their genetic correlations and genetic causal proportion (GCP) parameters with 1,492 other complex traits. We report evidence of a shared genetic signature across common chronic pain types as their genetic correlations and GCP parameter directions were broadly consistent across a wide array of biopsychosocial traits. Across 5,942 significant genetic correlations, 570 trait pairs could be explained by a causal association (|GCP| 0.6 5% false discovery rate), including 82 traits affected by pain while 488 contributed to an increased risk of chronic pain such as certain somatic pathologies (e.g., musculoskeletal), psychiatric traits (e.g., depression), socioeconomic factors (e.g., occupation) and medical comorbidities (e.g., cardiovascular disease). This data-driven study has demonstrated a novel & efficient strategy for identifying genetically supported risk & protective traits to enhance the design of interventional trials targeting underlying causal factors and help accelerate the development of more effective treatments with broader clinical utility.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 05-2003
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291703007475
Abstract: Background. The rate of binocular rivalry has been reported to be slower in subjects with bipolar disorder than in controls when tested with drifting, vertical and horizontal gratings of high spatial frequency. Method. Here we assess the rate of binocular rivalry with stationary, vertical and horizontal gratings of low spatial frequency in 30 subjects with bipolar disorder, 30 age- and sex-matched controls, 18 subjects with schizophrenia and 18 subjects with major depression. Along with rivalry rate, the predominance of each of the rivaling images was assessed, as was the distribution of normalized rivalry intervals. Results. The bipolar group demonstrated significantly slower rivalry than the control, schizophrenia and major depression groups. The schizophrenia and major depression groups did not differ significantly from the control group. Predominance values did not differ according to diagnosis and the distribution of normalized rivalry intervals was well described by a gamma function in all groups. Conclusions. The results provide further evidence that binocular rivalry is slow in bipolar disorder and demonstrate that rivalry predominance and the distribution of normalized rivalry intervals are not abnormal in bipolar disorder. It is also shown by comparison with previous work, that high strength stimuli more effectively distinguish bipolar from control subjects than low strength stimuli. The data on schizophrenia and major depression suggest the need for large-scale specificity trials. Further study is also required to assess genetic and pathophysiological factors as well as the potential effects of state, medication, and clinical and biological subtypes.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 11-01-2019
DOI: 10.1101/518027
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are an important method for mapping genetic variation underlying complex traits and diseases. Tools to visualize, annotate and analyse results from these studies can be used to generate hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms underlying the associations. The Complex-Traits Genetics Virtual Lab (CTG-VL) integrates over a thousand publicly-available GWAS summary statistics, a suite of analysis tools, visualization functions and erse data sets for genomic annotations. CTG-VL also makes available results from gene, pathway and tissue-based analyses from over 1,500 complex-traits allowing to assess pleiotropy not only at the genetic variant level but also at the gene, pathway and tissue levels. In this manuscript, we showcase the platform by analysing GWAS summary statistics of mood swings derived from UK Biobank. Using analysis tools in CTG-VL we highlight hippoc us as a potential tissue involved in mood swings, and that pathways including neuron apoptotic process may underlie the genetic associations. Further, we report a negative genetic correlation with educational attainment rG = −0.41 ± 0.018 and a potential causal effect of BMI on mood swings OR = 1.01 (95% CI = 1.00–1.02). Using CTG-VL’s database, we show that pathways and tissues associated with mood swings are also associated with neurological traits including reaction time and neuroticism, as well as traits such age at menopause and age at first live birth. CTG-VL is a platform with the most complete set of tools to carry out post-GWAS analyses. The CTG-VL is freely available at genoma.io as an online web application.
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 28-08-2013
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 24-05-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.23.20110841
Abstract: The bidirectional relationship between depression and chronic pain is well recognized, but their clinical management remains challenging. Here we characterize the shared risk factors and outcomes for their comorbidity in the Australian Genetics of Depression cohort study (N=13,839). Participants completed online questionnaires about chronic pain, psychiatric symptoms, comorbidities, treatment response and general health. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between chronic pain and clinical and demographic factors. Cumulative linked logistic regressions assessed the effect of chronic pain on treatment response for ten different antidepressants. Chronic pain was associated with an increased risk of depression (OR=1.86 [1.37–2.54]), recent suicide attempt (OR=1.88[1.14–3.09]), higher use of tobacco (OR=1.05 [1.02–1.09]) and misuse of painkillers (e.g., opioids OR=1.31 [1.06–1.62]). Participants with comorbid chronic pain and depression reported fewer functional benefits from antidepressant use and lower benefits from sertraline (OR=0.75[0.68–0.83]), escitalopram (OR=0.75[0.67–0.85]) and venlafaxine (OR=0.78[0.68–0.88]) when compared to participants without chronic pain. Furthermore, participants taking sertraline (OR=0.45[0.30–0.67]), escitalopram (OR=0.45[0.27–0.74]) and citalopram (OR=0.32[0.15–0.67]) specifically for chronic pain (among other indications) reported lower benefits compared to other participants taking these same medications but not for chronic pain. These findings reveal novel insights into the complex relationship between chronic pain and depression. Treatment response analyses indicate differential effectiveness between particular antidepressants and poorer functional outcomes for these comorbid conditions. Further examination is warranted in targeted interventional clinical trials, which also include neuroimaging genetics and pharmacogenomics protocols. This work will advance the delineation of disease risk indicators and novel aetiological pathways for therapeutic intervention in comorbid pain and depression as well as other psychiatric comorbidities.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.PHYSBEH.2017.08.023
Abstract: Binocular rivalry (BR) occurs when conflicting images concurrently presented to corresponding retinal locations of each eye stochastically alternate in perception. Anomalies of BR rate have been examined in a range of clinical psychiatric conditions. In particular, slow BR rate has been proposed as an endophenotype for bipolar disorder (BD) to improve power in large-scale genome-wide association studies. Examining the validity of BR rate as a BD endophenotype however requires large-scale datasets (n=1000s to 10,000s), a standardized testing protocol, and optimization of stimulus parameters to maximize separation between BD and healthy groups. Such requirements are indeed relevant to all clinical psychiatric BR studies. Here we address the issue of stimulus optimization by examining the effect of stimulus parameter variation on BR rate and mixed-percept duration (MPD) in healthy in iduals. We aimed to identify the stimulus parameters that induced the fastest BR rates with the least MPD. Employing a repeated-measures within-subjects design, 40 healthy adults completed four BR tasks using orthogonally drifting grating stimuli that varied in drift speed and aperture size. Pairwise comparisons were performed to determine modulation of BR rate and MPD by these stimulus parameters, and in idual variation of such modulation was also assessed. From amongst the stimulus parameters examined, we found that 8cycles/s drift speed in a 1.5° aperture induced the fastest BR rate without increasing MPD, but that BR rate with this stimulus configuration was not substantially different to BR rate with stimulus parameters we have used in previous studies (i.e., 4cycles/s drift speed in a 1.5° aperture). In addition to contributing to stimulus optimization issues, the findings have implications for Levelt's Proposition IV of binocular rivalry dynamics and in idual differences in such dynamics.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-01-2018
DOI: 10.1111/BDI.12601
Abstract: Bipolar disorder is a complex illness often requiring combinations of therapies to successfully treat symptoms. In recent years, there have been significant advancements in a number of therapies for bipolar disorder. It is therefore timely to provide an overview of current adjunctive therapeutic options to help treating clinicians to inform their patients and work towards optimal outcomes. Publications were identified from PubMed searches on bipolar disorder and pharmacotherapy, nutraceuticals, hormone therapy, psychoeducation, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, cognitive remediation, mindfulness, e-Health and brain stimulation techniques. Relevant articles in these areas were selected for further review. This paper provides a narrative review of adjunctive treatment options and is not a systematic review of the literature. A number of pharmacotherapeutic, psychological and neuromodulation treatment options are available. These have varying efficacy but all have shown benefit to people with bipolar disorder. Due to the complex nature of treating the disorder, combination treatments are often required. Adjunctive treatments to traditional pharmacological and psychological therapies are proving useful in closing the gap between initial symptom remission and full functional recovery. Given that response to monotherapy is often inadequate, combination regimens for bipolar disorder are typical. Correspondingly, psychiatric research is working towards a better understanding of the disorder's underlying biology. Therefore, treatment options are changing and adjunctive therapies are being increasingly recognized as providing significant tools to improve patient outcomes. Towards this end, this paper provides an overview of novel treatments that may improve clinical outcomes for people with bipolar disorder.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 16-07-2021
DOI: 10.1177/00048674211031491
Abstract: Chronic pain and depression are highly comorbid and difficult-to-treat disorders. We previously showed this comorbidity is associated with higher depression severity, lower antidepressant treatment effectiveness and poorer prognosis in the Australian Genetics of Depression Study. The current study aimed to assess whether a genetic liability to chronic pain is associated with antidepressant effectiveness over and above the effect of genetic factors for depression in a s le of 12,863 Australian Genetics of Depression Study participants. Polygenic risk scores were calculated using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of multisite chronic pain and major depression. Cumulative linked regressions were employed to assess the association between polygenic risk scores and antidepressant treatment effectiveness across 10 different medications. Mixed-effects logistic regressions showed that in idual genetic propensity for chronic pain, but not major depression, was significantly associated with patient-reported chronic pain (Pain PRS OR = 1.17 [1.12, 1.22] MD PRS OR = 1.01 [0.98, 1.06]). Significant associations were also found between lower antidepressant effectiveness and genetic risk for chronic pain or for major depression. However, a fully adjusted model showed the effect of Pain PRS (adjOR = 0.93 [0.90, 0.96]) was independent of MD PRS (adjOR = 0.96 [0.93, 0.99]). Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of these results. After adjusting for depression severity measures (i.e. age of onset number of depressive episodes interval between age at study participation and at depression onset), the associations between Pain PRS and patient-reported chronic pain with lower antidepressant effectiveness remained significant (0.95 [0.92, 0.98] and 0.84 [0.78, 0.90], respectively). These results suggest genetic risk for chronic pain accounted for poorer antidepressant effectiveness, independent of the genetic risk for major depression. Our results, along with independent converging evidence from other studies, point towards a difficult-to-treat depression subtype characterised by comorbid chronic pain. This finding warrants further investigation into the implications for biologically based nosology frameworks in pain medicine and psychiatry.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.VISRES.2007.03.024
Abstract: Binocular rivalry is an extraordinary visual phenomenon that has engaged investigators for centuries. Since its first report, there has been vigorous debate over how the brain achieves the perceptual alternations that occur when conflicting images are presented simultaneously, one to each eye. Opposing high-level/stimulus-representation models and low-level/eye-based models have been proposed to explain the phenomenon, recently merging into an amalgam view. Here, we provide evidence that during viewing of Díaz-Caneja stimuli, coherence rivalry -- in which aspects of each eye's presented image are perceptually regrouped into rivalling coherent images -- and eye rivalry operate via discrete neural mechanisms. We demonstrate that high-level brain activation by unilateral caloric vestibular stimulation shifts the predominance of perceived coherent images (coherence rivalry) but not half-field images (eye rivalry). This finding suggests that coherence rivalry (like conventional rivalry according to our previous studies) is mediated by interhemispheric switching at a high level, while eye rivalry is mediated by intrahemispheric mechanisms, most likely at a low level. Based on the present data, we further propose that Díaz-Caneja stimuli induce 'meta-rivalry' whereby the discrete high- and low-level competitive processes themselves rival for visual consciousness.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-2015
Abstract: Binocular rivalry (BR) is an intriguing phenomenon in which conflicting images are presented, one to each eye, resulting in perceptual alternations between each image. The rate of BR has been proposed as a potential endophenotype for bipolar disorder because (a) it is well established that this highly heritable psychiatric condition is associated with slower BR rate than in controls, and (b) an in idual’s BR rate is approximately 50% genetically determined. However, eye movements (EMs) could potentially account for the slow BR trait given EM anomalies are observed in psychiatric populations, and there has been report of an association between saccadic rate and BR rate in healthy in iduals. Here, we sought to assess the relationship between BR rate and EMs in healthy in iduals ( N = 40, mean age = 34.4) using separate BR and EM tasks, with the latter measuring saccades during anticipatory, antisaccade, prosaccade, self-paced, free-viewing, and smooth-pursuit tasks. No correlation was found between BR rate and any EM measure for any BR task ( p .01) with substantial evidence favoring this lack of association (BF 01 3). This finding is in contrast to previous data and has important implications for using BR rate as an endophenotype. If replicated in clinical psychiatric populations, EM interpretations of the slow BR trait can be excluded.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.BRAINRESREV.2007.08.001
Abstract: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) are safe methods for selectively modulating cortical excitability and activation, respectively, which have recently received increased interest regarding possible clinical applications. tDCS involves the application of low currents to the scalp via cathodal and anodal electrodes and has been shown to affect a range of motor, somatosensory, visual, affective and cognitive functions. Therapeutic effects have been demonstrated in clinical trials of tDCS for a variety of conditions including tinnitus, post-stroke motor deficits, fibromyalgia, depression, epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. Its effects can be modulated by combination with pharmacological treatment and it may influence the efficacy of other neurostimulatory techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation. CVS involves irrigating the auditory canal with cold water which induces a temperature gradient across the semicircular canals of the vestibular apparatus. This has been shown in functional brain-imaging studies to result in activation in several contralateral cortical and subcortical brain regions. CVS has also been shown to have effects on a wide range of visual and cognitive phenomena, as well as on post-stroke conditions, mania and chronic pain states. Both these techniques have been shown to modulate a range of brain functions, and display potential as clinical treatments. Importantly, they are both inexpensive relative to other brain stimulation techniques such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 25-11-2013
DOI: 10.1017/THG.2013.76
Abstract: Binocular rivalry (BR) is an intriguing phenomenon that occurs when two different images are presented, one to each eye, resulting in alternation or rivalry between the percepts. The phenomenon has been studied for nearly 200 years, with renewed and intensive investigation over recent decades. The rate of perceptual switching has long been known to vary widely between in iduals but to be relatively stable within in iduals. A recent twin study demonstrated that in idual variation in BR rate is under substantial genetic control, a finding that also represented the first report, using a large study, of genetic contribution for any post-retinal visual processing phenomenon. The twin study had been prompted by earlier work showing BR rate was slow in the heritable psychiatric condition, bipolar disorder (BD). Together, these studies suggested that slow BR may represent an endophenotype for BD, and heralded the advent of modern clinical and genetic studies of rivalry. This new focus has coincided with rapid advances in 3D display technology, but despite such progress, specific development of technology for rivalry research has been lacking. This review therefore compares different display methods for BR research across several factors, including viewing parameters, image quality, equipment cost, compatibility with other investigative methods, subject group, and s le size, with a focus on requirements specific to large-scale clinical and genetic studies. It is intended to be a resource for investigators new to BR research, such as clinicians and geneticists, and to stimulate the development of 3D display technology for advancing interdisciplinary studies of rivalry.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 28-05-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.26.115568
Abstract: Chronic pain (CP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide with complex aetiologies that remain elusive. Here we addressed this issue by performing a GWAS on a large UK Biobank s le (N=188,352 cases & N=69,627 controls) which identified two independent loci associated with CP near ADAMTS6 and LEMD2 . Gene-based tests revealed additional CP-associated genes ( DCAKD, NMT1, MLN, IP6K3 ). Across 1328 complex traits, 548 (41%) were genetically correlated with CP, of which 175 (13%) showed genetic causal relationships using the latent causal variable approach and Mendelian randomization. In particular, major depressive disorder, anxiety, smoking, body fat & BMI were found to increase the risk of CP, whereas diet, walking for pleasure & higher educational attainment were associated with a reduced risk (i.e., protective effect). This data-driven hypothesis-free approach has uncovered several specific risk factors that warrant further examination in longitudinal trials to help deliver effective early screening & management strategies for CP.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-07-2017
DOI: 10.1111/BDI.12515
Abstract: Presenting conflicting images simultaneously, one to each eye, produces perceptual alternations known as binocular rivalry (BR). Slow BR rate has been proposed as an endophenotype for bipolar disorder (BD) for use in large-scale genome-wide association studies. However, the trait could conceivably reflect eye movement (EM) dysfunction in BD rather than anomalous perceptual processing per se. To address this question, we examined the relationship between EM profiles and BR rate for various stimulus types in BD and healthy subjects. We also examined differences in EM profiles between these groups. Employing a repeated-measures within-subjects design, 20 BD outpatients and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls completed EM tasks and separate BR tasks involving a range of stimuli with different drift speeds. The association between each EM measure and BR rate was examined with correlational analyses for all stimulus conditions in both groups. Between-group comparisons were performed to determine any differences in those EM measures. Corresponding Bayesian analyses were also conducted. There were no EM measures that showed a significant relationship with BR rate in either the BD group or the healthy group (P≥7.87×10 The results provide evidence that EM profiles do not explain the slow BR endophenotype for BD, thus indicating that the trait reflects anomalous perceptual processing per se. This perceptual trait can be employed in clinical, genetic, mechanistic and pathophysiological studies.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 2012
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 06-2007
DOI: 10.1111/J.1601-5215.2007.00208.X
Abstract: Caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) has traditionally been used as a tool for neurological diagnosis. More recently, however, it has been applied to a range of phenomena within the cognitive neurosciences. Here, we provide an overview of such studies and review our work using CVS to investigate the neural mechanisms of a visual phenomenon – binocular rivalry. We outline the interhemispheric switch model of rivalry supported by this work and its extension to a metarivalry model of interocular-grouping phenomena. In addition, studies showing a slow rate of binocular rivalry in bipolar disorder are discussed, and the relationship between this finding and the interhemispheric switch model is described. We also review the effects of CVS in various clinical contexts, explain how the technique is performed and discuss methodological issues in its application. A review of CVS and related literature was conducted. Despite CVS being employed with surprising effect in a wide variety of cognitive and clinical contexts, it has been a largely underutilized brain stimulation method for both exploratory and therapeutic purposes. This is particularly so given that it is well tolerated, safe, inexpensive and easy to administer. CVS can be used to investigate various cognitive phenomena including perceptual rivalry, attention and mood, as well as somatosensory representation, belief, hemispheric laterality and pain. The technique can also be used to investigate clinical conditions related to these phenomena and may indeed have therapeutic utility, especially with respect to postlesional disorders, mania, depression and chronic pain states. Furthermore, we propose that based on existing reports of the phenomenological effects of CVS and the brain regions it is known to activate, the technique could be used to investigate and potentially treat a range of other clinical disorders. Finally, the effects of CVS (and its potential effects) on several phenomena of interest to philosophy suggest that it is also likely to become a useful tool in experimental neurophilosophy.
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 28-08-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2000
DOI: 10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00416-4
Abstract: Binocular rivalry refers to the alternating perceptual states that occur when the images seen by the two eyes are too different to be fused into a single percept. Logothetis and colleagues have challenged suggestions that this phenomenon occurs early in the visual pathway. They have shown that, in alert monkeys, neurons in the primary visual cortex continue to respond to their preferred stimulus despite the monkey reporting its absence. Moreover, they found that neural activity higher in the visual pathway is highly correlated with the monkey's reported percept. These and other findings suggest that the neural substrate of binocular rivalry must involve high levels, perhaps the same levels involved in reversible figure alternations. We present evidence that activation or disruption of a single hemisphere in human subjects affects the perceptual alternations of binocular rivalry. Unilateral caloric vestibular stimulation changed the ratio of time spent in each competing perceptual state. Transcranial magnetic stimulation applied to one hemisphere disrupted normal perceptual alternations when the stimulation was timed to occur at one phase of the perceptual switch, but not at the other. Furthermore, activation of a single hemisphere by caloric stimulation affected the perceptual alternations of a reversible figure, the Necker cube. Our findings suggest that interhemispheric switching mediates perceptual rivalry. Thus, competition for awareness in both binocular rivalry and reversible figures occurs between, rather than within, each hemisphere. This interhemispheric switch hypothesis has implications for understanding the neural mechanisms of conscious experience and also has clinical relevance as the rate of both types of perceptual rivalry is slow in bipolar disorder (manic depression).
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9DT00075E
Abstract: Top-down, synthetic approaches provide new pathways to functionalised hybrid polyoxometalates (POMs).
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 12-04-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FPSYT.2021.643609
Abstract: The bidirectional relationship between depression and chronic pain is well-recognized, but their clinical management remains challenging. Here we characterize the shared risk factors and outcomes for their comorbidity in the Australian Genetics of Depression cohort study ( N = 13,839). Participants completed online questionnaires about chronic pain, psychiatric symptoms, comorbidities, treatment response and general health. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between chronic pain and clinical and demographic factors. Cumulative linked logistic regressions assessed the effect of chronic pain on treatment response for 10 different antidepressants. Chronic pain was associated with an increased risk of depression (OR = 1.86 [1.37–2.54]), recent suicide attempt (OR = 1.88 [1.14–3.09]), higher use of tobacco (OR = 1.05 [1.02–1.09]) and misuse of painkillers (e.g., opioids OR = 1.31 [1.06–1.62]). Participants with comorbid chronic pain and depression reported fewer functional benefits from antidepressant use and lower benefits from sertraline (OR = 0.75 [0.68–0.83]), escitalopram (OR = 0.75 [0.67–0.85]) and venlafaxine (OR = 0.78 [0.68–0.88]) when compared to participants without chronic pain. Furthermore, participants taking sertraline (OR = 0.45 [0.30–0.67]), escitalopram (OR = 0.45 [0.27–0.74]) and citalopram (OR = 0.32 [0.15–0.67]) specifically for chronic pain (among other indications) reported lower benefits compared to other participants taking these same medications but not for chronic pain. These findings reveal novel insights into the complex relationship between chronic pain and depression. Treatment response analyses indicate differential effectiveness between particular antidepressants and poorer functional outcomes for these comorbid conditions. Further examination is warranted in targeted interventional clinical trials, which also include neuroimaging genetics and pharmacogenomics protocols. This work will advance the delineation of disease risk indicators and novel aetiological pathways for therapeutic intervention in comorbid pain and depression as well as other psychiatric comorbidities.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0CC05715K
Abstract: Mixed donor phenanthroline-carboxylate linkers were combined with Mn II or Zn II to form photoactive MOFs with large pore apertures.
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 21-01-2010
Abstract: Binocular rivalry occurs when conflicting images are presented in corresponding locations of the two eyes. Perception alternates between the images at a rate that is relatively stable within in iduals but that varies widely between in iduals. The determinants of this variation are unknown. In addition, slow binocular rivalry has been demonstrated in bipolar disorder, a psychiatric condition with high heritability. The present study therefore examined whether there is a genetic contribution to in idual variation in binocular rivalry rate. We employed the twin method and studied both monozygotic (MZ) twins ( n = 128 pairs) who are genetically identical, and dizygotic (DZ) twins ( n = 220 pairs) who share roughly half their genes. MZ and DZ twin correlations for binocular rivalry rate were 0.51 and 0.19, respectively. The best-fitting genetic model showed 52% of the variance in binocular rivalry rate was accounted for by additive genetic factors. In contrast, nonshared environmental influences accounted for 18% of the variance, with the remainder attributed to measurement error. This study therefore demonstrates a substantial genetic contribution to in idual variation in binocular rivalry rate. The results support the vigorous pursuit of genetic and molecular studies of binocular rivalry and further characterization of slow binocular rivalry as an endophenotype for bipolar disorder.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2000
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.BRAINRESBULL.2007.10.006
Abstract: Functional brain-imaging studies of house-face binocular rivalry and Rubin's vase-faces illusion have consistently reported face perception-dependent activity in the right fusiform gyrus. Here we use Rubin's illusion and report that activation of the left hemisphere by caloric vestibular stimulation increases the predominance of the faces percept in a substantial number of test subjects. While partially supporting the brain-imaging lateralization reports, our findings also challenge these studies by suggesting that neural mechanisms of Rubin's illusion cannot be limited to extrastriate perception-dependent processing. In accordance with our previously proposed interhemispheric switch model, the present findings support the notion that perceptual rivalry engages high-level cortical structures that mediate unihemispheric attentional selection.
Location: Australia
Location: Australia
Start Date: 2008
End Date: 2012
Funder: National Health and Medical Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2013
End Date: 2015
Funder: Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2012
End Date: 2012
Funder: Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2009
End Date: 2009
Funder: Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University
View Funded Activity