ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7364-8252
Current Organisation
CRONICAS
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 08-2023
Abstract: Background : To estimate the prevalence of different physical activity (PA) domains and sitting time (ST), and to analyze the association with sociodemographic indicators. Methods : Data from the most recent nationally representative survey from each of the South American countries, comprising 155,790 adults (18–64 y), were used. Data on leisure-time, transport, and occupational PA (all 3 domains as nonzero), total PA (≥150 min/wk), and ST (≥8 h/d) were assessed by specific questionnaires in each survey. Gender, age group (18–34, 35–49, and 50–64 y), and education (quintiles) were used as sociodemographic factors. Random effect meta-analysis of the association between sociodemographic factors and PA and ST were conducted. Results : The prevalence of PA guidelines compliance and elevated ST in South America was 70.3% and 14.1%, respectively. Women were less likely to achieve the recommended levels of total and domain-based PA. Participants in the highest quintile of education were more likely for elevated ST (2.80, 2.08–3.77), lower occupational PA (0.65, 0.44–0.95), but higher leisure-time PA (3.13, 2.31–4.27), in comparison with lowest quintile. Older adults were less likely to participate in total and leisure-time PA. Conclusion : Our findings highlight the urge to tackle the inequalities in PA practice in South America, especially gender and education inequalities, for leisure-time PA.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-01-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41366-020-00725-X
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate trends of DBM in Peru over the last 20 years. Using in idual-level data collected in nationally representative household surveys from Peru between 1996 and 2017, we analysed trends in the prevalence and patterning of the DBM. We classified the nutritional status of children and their mothers as undernourished (either underweight, stunted or wasted for children), normal, overweight or obese. Children classified as experiencing the DBM were those undernourished and living with an overweight or obese mother. We also fitted logistic regression models to evaluate the probability of children having an overweight/obese mother across subgroups of socioeconomic status, place of residence and education. The overall percentage of children experiencing the DBM in 2016 was 7%, and constitutes ~203,600 children (90% of whom were stunted). Between 1996 and 2016, undernourished children have seen the largest relative increase in the risk of having an overweight mother (31% vs. 37%) or obese mother (6% vs. 17%) however, due to the substantial decrease in the absolute number of undernourished children, the DBM has not grown. Moreover, all children, irrespective of their own nutritional status, are now more likely to live with an overweight or obese mother, a consistent pattern across wealth, location and education subgroups, and all regions of Peru. DBM prevalence in Peru has decreased, although the number of DBM cases is estimated to be above 200,000. In addition, all children are now more likely to live with overweight or obese mothers. The basic pattern has shifted from one of undernourished children whose mothers have a ‘normal’ BMI, to one where now most children have a ‘normal’ or healthy anthropometric status, but whose mothers are overweight or obese. This suggest that Peru is on the cusp of a major public health challenge requiring significant action.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-06-2021
DOI: 10.1002/OBY.23188
Abstract: This study assessed the relationship between urbanization and the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in Peru. A cross‐sectional analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey (2009 to 2016) was conducted. A DBM “case” comprised a child with undernutrition and a mother with overweight/obesity. For urbanization, three indicators were used: an eight‐category variable based on district‐level population density (inhabitants/km 2 ), a dichotomous urban/rural variable, and place of residence (countryside, towns, small cities, or capital/large cities). The prevalence of DBM was lower in urban than in rural areas (prevalence ratio [PR] 0.70 95% CI: 0.65‐0.75), and compared with the countryside, DBM was less prevalent in towns (PR 0.75 95% CI: 0.69‐0.82), small cities (PR 0.73 95% CI: 0.67‐0.79), and capital/large cities (PR 0.53 95% CI: 0.46‐0.61). Using population density, the adjusted prevalence of DBM was 9.7% (95% CI: 9.4%‐10.1%) in low‐density settings (1 to 500 inhabitants/km 2 ), 5.9% (95% CI: 4.9%‐6.8%) in mid‐urbanized settings (1,001 to 2,500 inhabitants/km 2 ), 5.8% (95% CI: 4.5%‐7.1%) in more densely populated settings (7,501 to 10,000 inhabitants/km 2 ), and 5.5% (95% CI: 4.1%‐7.0%) in high‐density settings ( ,000 inhabitants/km 2 ). The prevalence of DBM is higher in the least‐urbanized settings such as rural and peri‐urban areas, particularly those under 2,500 inhabitants/km 2 .
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 13-02-2023
Abstract: Past influenza pandemics including the Spanish flu and H1N1 have disproportionately affected Indigenous Peoples. We conducted a systematic scoping review to provide an overview of the state of understanding of the experience of Indigenous peoples during the first 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, in doing so we capture the state of knowledge available to governments and decision makers for addressing the needs of Indigenous peoples in these early months of the pandemic. We addressed three questions: (a) How is COVID-19 impacting the health and livelihoods of Indigenous peoples, (b) What system level challenges are Indigenous peoples experiencing, (c) How are Indigenous peoples responding? We searched Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases and UN organization websites for publications about Indigenous peoples and COVID-19. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. A total of 153 publications were included: 140 peer-reviewed articles and 13 from UN organizations. Editorial/commentaries were the most (43%) frequent type of publication. Analysis identified Indigenous peoples from 19 different countries, although 56% of publications were centered upon those in Brazil, United States, and Canada. The majority (90%) of articles focused upon the general adult population, few ( %) used a gender lens. A small number of articles documented COVID-19 testing (0.04%), incidence (18%), or mortality (16%). Five themes of system level challenges affecting exposure and livelihoods evolved: ecological, poverty, communication, education and health care services. Responses were formal and informal strategies from governments, Indigenous organizations and communities. A lack of ethnically disaggregated health data and a gender lens are constraining our knowledge, which is clustered around a limited number of Indigenous peoples in mostly high-income countries. Many Indigenous peoples have autonomously implemented their own coping strategies while government responses have been largely reactive and inadequate. To ‘build back better’ we must address these knowledge gaps.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 06-05-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-12-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-022-35648-W
Abstract: Latin America is the world’s most urbanized region and its heterogeneous urban development may impact chronic diseases. Here, we evaluated the association of built environment characteristics at the sub-city —intersection density, greenness, and population density— and city-level —fragmentation and isolation— with body mass index (BMI), obesity, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Data from 93,280 (BMI and obesity) and 122,211 in iduals (T2D) was analysed across 10 countries. Living in areas with higher intersection density was positively associated with BMI and obesity, whereas living in more fragmented and greener areas were negatively associated. T2D was positively associated with intersection density, but negatively associated with greenness and population density. The rapid urban expansion experienced by Latin America provides unique insights and vastly expand opportunities for population-wide urban interventions aimed at reducing obesity and T2D burden.
Location: Peru
No related grants have been discovered for Cecilia Anza-Ramirez.