ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2412-1213
Current Organisation
Griffith University
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Biologically active molecules | Biodiscovery | Natural products and bioactive compounds | Environmental biotechnology |
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-04-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S00253-019-09821-Z
Abstract: Halogen substituents are important for biological activity in many compounds. Genome-based mining of halogenase along with its biosynthetic gene cluster provided an efficient approach for the discovery of naturally occurring organohalogen compounds. Analysis of the genome sequence of a phytopathogenic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana 11134 revealed a polyketide gene cluster adjacent to a flavin-dependent halogenase capable of encoding halogenated polyketides, which are rarely reported in phytopathogenic fungi. Furthermore, MS- and UV-guided isolation and purification led to the identification of five chlorine-containing natural products together with seven other chromones and xanthones. Two of the chlorinated compounds and four chromones are new compounds. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopic analysis and HRESIMS data. The biosynthetic gene clusters of isolated compounds and their putative biosynthetic pathway are also proposed. One new chlorinated compound showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and three clinical-resistant S. aureus strains with a shared minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 μg/mL. Genome-based mining of halogenases combined with high-resolution MS- and UV-guided identification provides an efficient approach to discover new halogenated natural products from microorganisms.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-04-2023
DOI: 10.3390/MD21040253
Abstract: Human skin needs additional protection from damaging ultraviolet radiation (UVR: 280–400 nm). Harmful UVR exposure leads to DNA damage and the development of skin cancer. Available sunscreens offer chemical protection from detrimental sun radiation to a certain extent. However, many synthetic sunscreens do not provide sufficient UVR protection due to the lack of photostability of their UV-absorbing active ingredients and/or the lack of ability to prevent the formation of free radicals, inevitably leading to skin damage. In addition, synthetic sunscreens may negatively affect human skin, causing irritation, accelerating skin aging and even resulting in allergic reactions. Beyond the potential negative effect on human health, some synthetic sunscreens have been shown to have a harmful impact on the environment. Consequently, identifying photostable, biodegradable, non-toxic, and renewable natural UV filters is imperative to address human health needs and provide a sustainable environmental solution. In nature, marine, freshwater, and terrestrial organisms are protected from harmful UVR through several important photoprotective mechanisms, including the synthesis of UV-absorbing compounds such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). Beyond MAAs, several other promising, natural UV-absorbing products could be considered for the future development of natural sunscreens. This review investigates the damaging impact of UVR on human health and the necessity of using sunscreens for UV protection, specifically UV-absorbing natural products that are more environmentally friendly than synthetic UV filters. Critical challenges and limitations related to using MAAs in sunscreen formulations are also evaluated. Furthermore, we explain how the genetic ersity of MAA biosynthetic pathways may be linked to their bioactivities and assess MAAs’ potential for applications in human health.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C6NP00093B
Abstract: This review summarises known crinoid chemistry from 1877 to the present day, and discusses some of the problems (and potential solutions) with establishing crinoid natural product structures, as well as future directions for crinoid research.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2013.08.077
Abstract: An antimalarial medicinal plant Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora was chemically investigated as part of our ongoing research in traditional chinese medicines (TCM). Mass directed fractionation of the active part of the crude extract led to the isolation of ten main components, three new compounds (1-3) and seven known compounds (4-10). Compound 10 inhibited the growth of the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 malarial parasite line, with an IC50 value of 8.3μM. This compound accounted for ∼95% of P. falciparum growth inhibitory activity in the crude extract confirming, for this TCM, that a single compound was responsible for the antimalarial activity.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2014.05.104
Abstract: Mass-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract from a specimen of the Australian marine sponge Hyrtios sp. resulted in the isolation of two new tryptophan alkaloids, 6-oxofascaplysin (2), and secofascaplysic acid (3), in addition to the known metabolites fascaplysin (1) and reticulatate (4). The structures of all molecules were determined following NMR and MS data analysis. Structural ambiguities in 2 were addressed through comparison of experimental and DFT-generated theoretical NMR spectral values. Compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against a prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP) and were shown to display IC50 values ranging from 0.54 to 44.9 μM.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1997
DOI: 10.1071/C96117
Abstract: Two new linear cytotoxic tripeptides, virenamides D and E, have been isolated as minor constituents of extracts of the didemnid ascidianDiplosoma virens collected on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Their structures were deduced from one-dimensional and two-dimensional n.m.r. spectroscopic data, and the absolute stereochemistry of virenamide E is proven by synthesis from virenamide A.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1016/J.JEP.2021.114436
Abstract: Inflammation is a serious global concern due to its debilitating symptoms, resulting in considerable suffering and lost productivity. Chronic and auto-immune inflammatory diseases are of particular concern. Several pharmaceutical therapies are already available. However, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID's) is accompanied by harmful and toxic side effects. Hence, the search for safer alternative therapeutics with limited side effects is imperative. The use of medicinal plants is common practice amongst the southern African population and may provide targets for drug development. This study aims to review and document the medicinal uses and pharmacological properties of southern African medicinal plants used for inflammation and pain-related ailments. An extensive literature review was undertaken to identify southern African plants used traditionally to treat inflammation. A variety of ethnobotanical books and grey literature, as well as ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus search engines were used as sources of information. This review identified 555 medicinal plants from 118 families which were traditionally used in southern Africa to treat inflammation and pain. Fabaceae was the most prominent family with 63 species, followed by Asteraceae (54 species) and Apocynaceae (33 species). The top category of ailments indicated include non-specific inflammation with 150 species, followed by inflammatory pain (148 species), headache (114 species) and toothache (114 species). Despite a large number of southern African medicinal plants used to treat inflammation and pain, relatively few have been screened for their anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, biologically active plant extracts have been tested against relatively few inflammatory markers and considerable further work is required.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-05-2002
DOI: 10.1021/OL0260167
Abstract: [reaction: see text] HA 23, a novel cyclodepsipeptide (1) of mixed peptide-polyketide origins, was isolated from a fungal isolate of a Fusarium sp. The structure was determined from 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectral data.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5NP00049A
Abstract: This article reviews 84 major bioactive compounds from 15 selected traditional Chinese medicines targeting neurodegenerative diseases. The physicochemical property comparison of these TCM compounds and current drugs and candidates for the treatment of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease are analysed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2014.05.054
Abstract: High throughput screening of a pre-fractionated natural product library identified 11 active fractions showing ApoE modulation activity. Mass-directed fractionation of one active crude extract from the Australian marine sponge Callyspongia sp. resulted in the isolation of 13 metabolites, including three new bromotyrosine derivatives, callyspongic acid (1), 3,5-dibromo-4-methoxyphenylpyruvic acid (2), N-acetyl-3-bromo-4-hydroxylphenylethamine (3), and ten known compounds (4-13). The structure elucidation of compounds 1-3 was based on their 1D and 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic data. 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxyphenylpyruvic acid (2) showed weak activity in increasing the apolipoprotein E secretion from human CCF-STTG1 cells at the concentration of 40 μM.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-04-2009
DOI: 10.1021/NP8008013
Abstract: Three new marine alkaloids, clavatadines C-E (1-3), together with the three known compounds aerophobin 1 (4), purealdin L (5), and aplysinamisine II (6) were isolated from extracts of the sponge Suberea clavata by bioassay-guided fractionation using a serine protease factor XIa assay. Their structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1-6 exhibited weak inhibition of factor XIa.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2014.05.014
Abstract: Bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of the EtOAc fraction from the leaves of a Chinese medicinal herb, Eucalyptus citriodora Hook, resulted in the isolation of a new compound rhodomyrtosone E (1), along with 12 known compounds (2-13). The structure of the new compound was established by 1D and 2D NMR, MS data and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Betulinic acid (2) and corosolic acid (5) increased glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) translocation by 2.38 and 1.78-fold, respectively.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-07-2020
DOI: 10.3390/MD18070352
Abstract: The marine-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigatus MF071, isolated from sediment collected from the Bohai Sea, China, yielded two new compounds 19S,20-epoxy-18-oxotryprostatin A (1) and 20-hydroxy-18-oxotryprostatin A (2), in addition to 28 known compounds (3–30). The chemical structures were established on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic data. This is the first report on NMR data of monomethylsulochrin-4-sulphate (4) and pseurotin H (10) as naturally occurring compounds. Compounds 15, 16, 20, 23, and 30 displayed weak antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration: 100 μg/mL). Compounds 18 and 19 exhibited strong activity against S. aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration: 6.25 and 3.13 μg/mL, respectively) and E. coli (minimum inhibitory concentration: 6.25 and 3.13 μg/mL, respectively). A genomic data analysis revealed the putative biosynthetic gene clusters ftm for fumitremorgins, pso for pseurotins, fga for fumigaclavines, and hel for helvolinic acid. These putative biosynthetic gene clusters fundamentally underpinned the enzymatic and mechanistic function study for the biosynthesis of these compounds. The current study reported two new compounds and biosynthetic gene clusters of fumitremorgins, pseurotins, fumigaclavines and helvolinic acid from Aspergillus fumigatus MF071.
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakshtan
Date: 15-08-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-12-2008
DOI: 10.1021/OL802506N
Abstract: With the aim of finding new natural product antimalarials, the novel indole alkaloids flinderole A-C were found to have selective antimalarial activities with IC(50) values between 0.15-1.42 microM. Flinderole A was isolated from the Australian plant Flindersia acuminata and flinderoles B and C from the Papua New Guinean plant F. amboinensis. Flinderoles A-C contain an unprecedented rearranged skeleton compared to their related isomers of the borreverine class of compounds.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-05-2008
DOI: 10.1021/JM800314B
Abstract: Bioassay-guided fractionation of a CH2Cl2/MeOH extract of the sponge Suberea clavata using the serine protease factor XIa to detect antithrombotic activity led to the isolation of the new marine natural products, clavatadines A and B. Clavatadines A and B inhibited factor XIa with IC50's of 1.3 and 27 microM, respectively. A crystal structure of protein-inhibitor (clavatadine A) complex was obtained and revealed interesting selective binding and irreversible inhibition of factor XIa. The cocrystal structure provides guidance for the design and synthesis of future factor XIa inhibitors as antithrombotic agents.
Publisher: American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET)
Date: 14-03-2023
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-03-2010
DOI: 10.1021/NP900535Z
Abstract: Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract from the Australian marine sponge Plakortis sp. led to the isolation of two new cyclic polyketide peroxides, 11,12-didehydro-13-oxo-plakortide Q (1) and 10-carboxy-11,12,13,14-tetranor-plakortide Q (2). Antitrypanosomal studies showed that compound 1 had an IC(50) value of 49 nM against Trypanosoma brucei brucei, and compound 2, where a carboxylic acid is present in the side chain, had a 20-fold reduction of activity. 11,12-Didehydro-13-oxo-plakortide Q (1) is the most active peroxide isolated so far against T. b. brucei, and it indicates the potential therapeutic value of this class of compounds.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-05-2020
DOI: 10.3390/MOLECULES25102384
Abstract: Elucidation of the mechanism of action of compounds with cellular bioactivity is important for progressing compounds into future drug development. In recent years, phenotype-based drug discovery has become the dominant approach to drug discovery over target-based drug discovery, which relies on the knowledge of a specific drug target of a disease. Still, when targeting an infectious disease via a high throughput phenotypic assay it is highly advantageous to identifying the compound’s cellular activity. A fraction derived from the plant Polyalthia sp. showed activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis at 62.5 μge/μL. A known compound, altholactone, was identified from this fraction that showed activity towards M. tuberculosis at an minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 64 μM. Retrospective analysis of a target-based screen against a TB proteome panel using native mass spectrometry established that the active fraction was bound to the mycobacterial protein Rv1466 with an estimated pseudo-Kd of 42.0 ± 6.1 µM. Our findings established Rv1466 as the potential molecular target of altholactone, which is responsible for the observed in vivo toxicity towards M. tuberculosis.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2017.07.062
Abstract: Mass-guided isolation of the dichloromethane/methanol extracts from a specimen of teleomorphic fungus of the family Cortinariaceae resulted in the identification of a new dimeric cyclobutane metabolite, achyrodimer F (1), along with the monomers hispidin (2) and bisnoryangonin (3). Their structures were determined by NMR and MS data analyses. Density Function Theory (DFT) NMR calculations was employed to confirm the chemical structure of achyrodimer F. Compound 1 inhibited tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I with an IC
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-03-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-01-2022
DOI: 10.3390/ANTIBIOTICS11010088
Abstract: The agricultural industry utilizes antibiotic growth promoters to promote livestock growth and health. However, the World Health Organization has raised concerns over the ongoing spread of antibiotic resistance transmission in the populace, leading to its subsequent ban in several countries, especially in the European Union. These restrictions have translated into an increase in pathogenic outbreaks in the agricultural industry, highlighting the need for an economically viable, non-toxic, and renewable alternative to antibiotics in livestock. Probiotics inhibit pathogen growth, promote a beneficial microbiota, regulate the immune response of its host, enhance feed conversion to nutrients, and form biofilms that block further infection. Commonly used lactic acid bacteria probiotics are vulnerable to the harsh conditions of the upper gastrointestinal system, leading to novel research using spore-forming bacteria from the genus Bacillus. However, the exact mechanisms behind Bacillus probiotics remain unexplored. This review tackles this issue, by reporting antimicrobial compounds produced from Bacillus strains, their proposed mechanisms of action, and any gaps in the mechanism studies of these compounds. Lastly, this paper explores omics approaches to clarify the mechanisms behind Bacillus probiotics.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2000
DOI: 10.1179/135100000101535636
Abstract: Kynurenine, a metabolite of tryptophan along the 'kynurenine pathway', is at a branch point of the pathway which can lead to the synthesis of both quinolinic acid (QUIN) and kynurenic acid (KYNA). KYNA is an antagonist of glutamate receptors however, QUIN is a selective agonist of NMDA receptors, and has been shown to act as an excitotoxic agent. A high QUIN/KYNA ratio has been implicated in a variety of neurological diseases in which excitotoxic neuronal cell death is found, e.g. AIDS-related dementia, stroke, etc. Inhibiting the key enzymes of this pathway (i.e. kynureninase and kynurenine 3-hydroxylase) would lower the QUIN/KYNA ratio, which may potentially have neuroprotective effects. We have developed high through-put assays for kynurenine pathway enzymes which allow us to screen extracts from marine organisms for selective enzyme inhibitors. Active metabolites are purified, isolated and identified by HPLC, high-field NMR and mass spectral techniques. Extracts from a sponge of the Aka species were found to contain a selective inhibitor of kynureninase. We have recently purified and identified the active principal as being serotonin sulfate. Related indoleamines, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acids are inactive. This finding may be suggestive of a novel interaction between the serotoninergic and excitatory amino acid pathways.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-04-2012
DOI: 10.1021/NP300147D
Abstract: A high-throughput screening c aign using a prefractionated natural product library and an in vitro Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO200 strain) assay identified two antibacterial fractions derived from the marine sponge Suberea ianthelliformis. Mass-directed isolation of the CH(2)Cl(2)/CH(3)OH extract from S. ianthelliformis resulted in the purification of three new bromotyrosine-derived metabolites, ianthelliformisamines A-C (1-3), together with the known natural products aplysamine 1 (4) and araplysillin I (5). The structures of 1-3 were determined following analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic data. This is the first report of chemistry from the marine sponge S. ianthelliformis. Ianthelliformisamine A (1) showed inhibitory activity against the Gram-negative bacterium P. aeruginosa with an IC(50) value of 6.8 μM (MIC = 35 μM).
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-10-2007
DOI: 10.1021/NP070225O
Abstract: A novel vanillic acid derivative (1) and its sulfate adduct (2) were isolated from a green algae, Cladophora socialis. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated from NMR and HRESIMS experiments. Both compounds showed potent inhibitory activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), an enzyme involved in the regulation of insulin cell signaling. Compounds 1 and 2 had IC50 values of 3.7 and 1.7 microM, respectively.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-10-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACSCHEMNEURO.6B00245
Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder with a high prevalence rate worldwide. The fact that there are currently no proven disease-modifying treatments for PD underscores the urgency for a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying disease mechanism. Chemical probes have been proven to be powerful tools for studying biological processes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) contains a huge reservoir of bioactive small molecules as potential chemical probes that may hold the key to unlocking the mystery of PD biology. The TCM-sourced chemical approach to PD biology can be advanced through the use of an emerging cytological profiling (CP) technique that allows unbiased characterization of small molecules and their cellular responses. This comprehensive technique, applied to chemical probe identification from TCM and used for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying PD, may inform future therapeutic target selection and provide a new perspective to PD drug discovery.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-08-2004
DOI: 10.1021/NP030460G
Abstract: Nine cytotoxic metabolites, including three novel compounds, chaetoglobosins Q (1), R (2), and T (3), have been isolated from cultures of the fungus Chaetomium globosum. The structures were elucidated primarily from NMR spectroscopic data.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-05-2022
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1923710
Abstract: A new picrotoxane terpenoid glycoside, austrobuxusin N (
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 1996
DOI: 10.1021/JO951379O
Abstract: Three new linear cytotoxic tripeptides, virenamides A-C have been isolated from extracts of the Didemnid ascidian Diplosoma virens collected on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Their structures were deduced from 1D and 2D NMR spectral data and confirmed by HPLC analysis of the constituent amino acids after hydrolysis of the peptides and derivatization with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophen-5-yl-L-alanine amide using Marfey's procedure.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Abstract: Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS or ESI-FTMS) was used to screen 192 natural product extracts and a 659-member natural product-based fragment library for bindings to a potential malaria drug target, Plasmodium falciparum Rab11a (PfRab11a, PF13_0119). One natural product extract and 11 fragments showed binding activity. A new natural product, arborside E, was identified from the active extract of Psydrax montigena as a weak binder. Its binding activity and inhibitory activity against PfRab11a were confirmed by ESI-FTMS titration experiments and an orthogonal enzyme assay.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7RA09569D
Abstract: Four new neolignans ( 1–4 ) were isolated from the seeds of Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq. and the evaluated for their antiproliferative activity showed that 2 could induced the apoptosis in A549 cells through activating the mitochondrial pathway.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-07-2015
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JNATPROD.5B00211
Abstract: Mass-directed isolation of the CH2Cl2/MeOH extract from the bark of an Australian plant, Macropteranthes leichhardtii, resulted in the purification of a new phenylpropanoid glucoside, macropteranthol (1), together with four known analogues (2-5). The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by NMR and MS data analyses and quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 3 and 5 showed inhibitory activity against tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I with IC50 values of ∼1.0 μM.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-08-2013
DOI: 10.1021/NP400241P
Abstract: Eight new ent-labdane diterpenoids, mallonicusins A-H (1-8), were isolated from the stems of Mallotus japonicus. Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were determined by extensive analyses of spectroscopic data and the ECD spectra of the Pr(FOD)₃ complex of substrates in CCl₄. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography using Cu Kα radiation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2024
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-12-2007
DOI: 10.1021/NP070094R
Abstract: Polydiscamides B, C, and D (1-3) were isolated from a sponge Ircinia sp. The structures of 1 to 3 were elucidated by the comparison of their NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic data with that of a structurally related compound, polydiscamide A. All compounds showed potent agonist activity against human sensory neuron-specific G protein couple receptor (SNSR), a receptor involved in the modulation of pain, and they are the first ex les of nonendogenous human SNSR agonists.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-01-2003
DOI: 10.1021/JO0263059
Abstract: Two novel cyclodepsipeptides (1 and 2) along with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated from a New Zealand isolate of a Cladobotryum sp. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated from NMR and HRESIMS experiments, and the absolute stereochemistry of 2 was established by X-ray crystallography and chemical degradation. Compounds 1 and 2 were both cytotoxic against murine P388 leukemia cells.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-03-2014
DOI: 10.3390/MD12031169
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-01-2023
DOI: 10.3390/BIOM13020226
Abstract: Mitochondria are widely considered the “power hub” of the cell because of their pivotal roles in energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. However, beyond the production of ATP, which is the major source of chemical energy supply in eukaryotes, mitochondria are also central to calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance, and cell apoptosis. The mitochondria also perform crucial multifaceted roles in biosynthetic pathways, serving as an important source of building blocks for the biosynthesis of fatty acid, cholesterol, amino acid, glucose, and heme. Since mitochondria play multiple vital roles in the cell, it is not surprising that disruption of mitochondrial function has been linked to a myriad of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the key physiological and pathological functions of mitochondria and present bioactive compounds with protective effects on the mitochondria and their mechanisms of action. We highlight promising compounds and existing difficulties limiting the therapeutic use of these compounds and potential solutions. We also provide insights and perspectives into future research windows on mitochondrial modulators.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-08-2002
DOI: 10.1021/NP020160J
Abstract: Two new chromone derivatives, 6-methoxymethyleugenin (1) and 2-hydroxymethyl-6-methoxymethyleugenin (2), and the previously reported 6-hydroxymethyleugenin (3) were isolated from the New Zealand fungus Tolypocladium extinguens. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. 6-Methoxymethyleugenin (1) showed moderate cytotoxicity against P388 leukemia cells.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 05-04-2016
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JNATPROD.5B01029
Abstract: Chemical investigations of an Australian sponge, Clathria hirsuta, from the Great Barrier Reef, have resulted in the isolation of two known anthraquinones, rhodocomatulin 5,7-dimethyl ether (1) and rhodocomatulin 7-methyl ether (2). Additionally, four new anthraquinone metabolites, 6-methoxyrhodocomatulin 7-methyl ether, 3-bromo-6-methoxy-12-desethylrhodocomatulin 7-methyl ether, 3-bromo-6-methoxyrhodocomatulin 7-methyl ether, and 3-bromorhodocomatulin 7-methyl ether (3-6), were also isolated and characterized. This is the first report of the rhodocomatulin-type anthraquinones from a marine sponge, as 1 and 2 were previously isolated from the marine crinoid genus Comatula. An additional chemical investigation of the marine crinoid Comatula rotalaria enabled the isolation of further quantities of 1 and 2, as well as two additional new crinoid metabolites, 12-desethylrhodocomatulin 5,7-dimethyl ether and 12-desethylrhodocomatulin 7-methyl ether (7 and 8). An NMR spectroscopic analysis of compounds 7 and 8 provided further insight into the rhodocomatulin planar structure and, together with the successful implementation of DFT-NMR calculations, confirmed that the rhodocomatulin metabolites existed as para rather than ortho quinones.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2017.01.078
Abstract: Bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of the EtOAc fraction (ST-EtOAc) from the roots of Sophora tonkinensis resulted in the isolation of a new compound 6aR,11aR-1-hydroxy-4-isoprenyl-maackiain (1), along with 12 known compounds (2-13). The structure of the new compound was established by 1D and 2D NMR, MS data and circular dichroism analysis. Polyprenylated flavonoids 6-9 and 11-13 increased GLUT-4 translocation by the range of 1.35-2.75 folds. Sophoranone (8) exerted the strongest activity with 2.75 folds GLUT-4 translocation enhancement at the concentration of 10μM. This is the first report of the GLUT-4 translocation activity of the plant Sophora tonkinensis.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-11-2004
DOI: 10.1021/NP030326W
Abstract: Three novel thiodiketopiperazine derivatives, T988 A, B, and C (1-3), were isolated from a Tilachlidium sp. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses using various 1D and 2D NMR techniques. All the compounds showed potent cytotoxicity against cultured P388 leukemia cells.
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 06-04-2011
Abstract: A drug discovery program aimed at identifying new antimalarial leads from a prefractionated natural product library has resulted in the purification of a new quinoline alkaloid, (2' R)-2',3'-epoxy- N-methylatanine (1), along with eight known natural products, skimmianin, γ-fagarine, maculosidine, evolitrine, dictamnine, pteleine, N-methylatanine, and werneria chromene. Compound 1 displayed 74 % inhibition at 80 µM against a chloroquine -resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain (Dd2).
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2013
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-02-2023
DOI: 10.3390/ANTIBIOTICS12020407
Abstract: Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) suppress the growth of infectious pathogens. These pathogens negatively impact agricultural production worldwide and often cause health problems if left untreated. Here, we evaluate six Bacillus strains (BPR-11, BPR-12, BPR-13, BPR-14, BPR-16 and BPR-17), which are known for their ability to survive harsh environmental conditions, as AGP replacements in animal feed. Four of these Bacillus strains (BPR-11, BPR-14, BPR-16 and BPR-17) showed antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic strains Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at 25 μg/mL, with BPR-16 and BPR-17 also able to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica at 100 μg/mL. Further chemical investigation of BPR-17 led to the identification of eight metabolites, namely C16, C15, C14 and C13 surfactin C (1–4), maculosin (5), maculosine 2 (6), genistein (7) and daidzein (8). Purified compounds (1–4) were able to inhibit all the tested pathogens with MIC values ranging from 6.25 to 50 μg/mL. Maculosin (5) and maculosine 2 (6) inhibited C. perfringens, E. coli and S. aureus with an MIC of 25 μg/mL while genistein (7) and daidzein (8) showed no activity. An animal trial involving feeding BPR-11, BPR-16 and BPR-17 to a laboratory poultry model led to an increase in animal growth, and a decrease in feed conversion ratio and mortality. The presence of surfactin C analogues (3–4) in the gut following feeding with probiotics was confirmed using an LC–MS analysis. The investigation of these Bacillus probiotics, their metabolites, their impacts on animal performance indicators and their presence in the gastrointestinal system illustrates that these probiotics are effective alternatives to AGPs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.05.029
Abstract: Bioassay-guided isolation of the CH(2)Cl(2)/MeOH extract from the Australian sponge Iotrochota sp. resulted in the purification of two new N-cinnamoyl-amino acids, iotrochamides A (1) and B (2). The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were determined by 1D/2D NMR and MS data analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 were shown to inhibit Trypanosoma brucei brucei with IC(50) values of 3.4 and 4.7 μM, respectively.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2012.04.002
Abstract: Ianthellamide A (1), a novel octopamine derivative, was isolated from the Australian marine sponge Ianthella quadrangulata. Compound 1 selectively inhibited the activity of kynurenine 3-hydroxylase with an IC(50) value of 1.5 μM. It also significantly increased the level of endogenous kynurenic acid in rat brain and hence has the potential as a neuroprotective agent in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-07-2002
DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-2958.2002.03048.X
Abstract: Erwinia herbicola strain Eh1087 produces the broad-spectrum phenazine antibiotic D-alanylgriseoluteic acid (AGA). In this report, a cluster of 16 ehp (Erwinia herbicola phenazine) plasmid genes required for the production of AGA by Eh1087 is described. The extent of the gene cluster was revealed by the isolation of 82 different Eh1087 AGA- mutants, all found to possess single mini-Tn5lacZ2 insertions within a 14 kbp DNA region. Additional transposon insertions that did not affect antibiotic production by Eh1087 were created to define the boundaries of the gene cluster. The size and location of genes between these boundaries were derived from a combination of DNA sequence analyses, minicell protein analyses and the correlation between mutation position and the production of coloured AGA intermediates by many ehp mutants. Precursor-feeding and complementation experiments resulted in 15 ehp genes being assigned to one of four functional groups according to their role in the synthesis of AGA. Group 1 is required for the synthesis of the phenazine nucleus in the form of antibiotic precursor one (AP1, phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid). Group 2 is responsible for conversion of AP1 to AP2, which is subsequently modified to AP3 (griseoluteic acid) and exported by the group 3 gene products. Group 4 catalyses the addition of D-alanine to AP3 to create AGA, independently of groups 1, 2 and 3. A gene that is ergently transcribed from the 15 AGA synthesis ehp genes confers resistance to AGA.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D1NP00011J
Abstract: This review summarises the molecular targets of 53 anti-TB natural products and highlights the compounds with novel targets and activity against drug-resistant TB.
Publisher: al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Date: 2019
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-08-2022
DOI: 10.1021/ACSCHEMNEURO.1C00820
Abstract: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been around for thousands of years and is increasingly gaining popularity in the Western world to treat various complex disorders including the incurable neurodegenerative condition, Parkinson's Disease (PD). One of the many directions in recent studies of PD is utilizing the phenotypic assay, or cytological profiling, to evaluate the phenotypic changes of PD-implicated cellular components in patient-derived olfactory neuroepithelial (hONS) cells, upon treating the cells with extracts or pure compounds. To obtain small molecules for studies utilizing PD phenotyping assays,
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9MD00128J
Abstract: One of chemistry's grand challenges is to find a function for every known metabolite. We explore the opportunity for artificial intelligence to provide rationale interrogation of metabolites to predict their function.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-02-2021
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JNATPROD.1C01021
Abstract: A pair of novel serratane-related triterpenoid epimers, phlegmacaritones A (
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-03-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 05-03-2020
DOI: 10.3390/MD18030149
Abstract: In recent years, there has been a revival of interest in phenotypic-based drug discovery (PDD) due to target-based drug discovery (TDD) falling below expectations. Both PDD and TDD have their unique advantages and should be used as complementary methods in drug discovery. The PhenoTarget approach combines the strengths of the PDD and TDD approaches. Phenotypic screening is conducted initially to detect cellular active components and the hits are then screened against a panel of putative targets. This PhenoTarget protocol can be equally applied to pure compound libraries as well as natural product fractions. Here we described the use of the PhenoTarget approach to identify an anti-tuberculosis lead compound. Fractions from Polycarpa aurata were identified with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Native magnetic resonance mass spectrometry (MRMS) against a panel of 37 proteins from Mycobacterium proteomes showed that a fraction from a 95% ethanol re-extraction specifically formed a protein-ligand complex with Rv1466, a putative uncharacterized Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein. The natural product responsible was isolated and characterized to be polycarpine. The molecular weight of the ligand bound to Rv1466, 233 Da, was half the molecular weight of polycarpine less one proton, indicating that polycarpine formed a covalent bond with Rv1466.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-05-2016
Abstract: An ethyl acetate extract from the barks of the ethnic Chinese medicine Daphne tangutica Maxim. exhibited antihepatocellular carcinoma activity against HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines. By using high-performance liquid chromatography based activity profiling in combination with offline liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and NMR analysis, we rapidly identified ten major components of the extract, including seven active principles, coumarins (1-4) and biscoumarins (7, 8, 10), along with three inactive flavonoids (5, 6, 9). This study demonstrated that our combined protocol can be used as an important strategy for chemical profiling, dereplication as well as the identification of bioactive compounds from herbal medicines.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-08-2002
DOI: 10.1021/NP020159K
Abstract: Fermentation of Pseudeurotium zonatum led to the isolation of the known cytochalasin G (1) and three new cytochalasins, X, Y, and Z (2-4). These four compounds are the only naturally occurring cytochalasins reported to date that contain an indole-substituted perhydroisoindol-1-one fused with an 11-membered macrocycle.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-04-2014
DOI: 10.1021/NP500119E
Abstract: Mass-directed fractionation of an extract from the Australian marine sponge Aplysinella sp., from the Great Barrier Reef, resulted in the isolation of four new bromotyrosine derivatives, aplysinellamides A-C (1-3) and aplysamine-1-N-oxide (4), along with six known compounds (5-10). The structure elucidation of compounds 1-4 was based on their 1D and 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic data. Aplysamine-1 (6) increased the apolipoprotein E secretion from human CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells by 2-fold at the concentration of 30 μM.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-09-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-11-2013
DOI: 10.1021/NP400617H
Abstract: Chemical investigations of two specimens of Trikentrion flabelliforme collected from Australian waters have resulted in the identification of four new indole alkaloids, trikentramides A-D (9-12). The planar chemical structures for 9-12 were established following analysis of 1D/2D NMR and MS data. The relative configurations for 9-12 were determined following the comparison of (1)H NMR data with data previously reported for related natural products. The application of a quantum mechanical modeling method, density functional theory, confirmed the relative configurations and also validated the downfield carbon chemical shift observed for one of the quaternary carbons (C-5a) in the cyclopenta[g]indole series. The indole-2,3-dione motif present in trikentramides A-C is rare in nature, and this is the first report of these oxidized indole derivatives from a marine sponge.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 28-09-2022
DOI: 10.1055/A-1896-1098
Abstract: Four new furostanol saponins (1 – 4) and a new pregane-type saponin (5) along with six known steroidal saponins (6 – 11) were isolated from the rhizomes of Smilax china. The structures of 1 – 5 were elucidated by extensive analysis of NMR and HR-ESI-MS data in addition to enzymatic hydrolysis and other chemical methods. Compounds 1, 4, and 11 showed inhibitory activity against the expression of proinflammatory mediators, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. Compound 1, at a concentration of 20 µM, decreased the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α by 36, 62, 72, and 67%, respectively, which is comparable to that of the positive control dexamethasone.
Start Date: 02-2023
End Date: 02-2024
Amount: $1,078,770.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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