ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6531-8015
Current Organisation
Indian Institute of Technology
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 25-02-2016
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 11-2016
DOI: 10.3766/JAAA.15145
Abstract: Background: There are many studies reported in the literature that have summarized audiological findings and possible rehabilitation in in iduals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). However, there are very few studies that have attempted to delineate the gender differences in audiological characteristics and hearing aid benefit in in iduals with ANSD. Purpose: The study aimed to explore the differences between males and females in terms of demographic details, audiogram, speech identification scores, otoacoustic emissions, acoustic reflexes, long latency responses, and hearing aid benefit. Research Design: A retrospective study. Study S le: A total of 255 in iduals diagnosed with ANSD were selected for the study. The study included 137 females and 88 males. Data Collection and Analysis: The demographic details, results of diagnostic audiological testing, and hearing aid benefit were analyzed retrospectively. The differences in findings across gender were compared. Results: The study shows that females have a relatively higher degree of hearing loss and that the majority of females show a rising type of audiometric configuration. The study shows that females have poorer speech perception abilities and experience limited benefits from hearing aids compared to males. Conclusions: The results of the study show that there are gender differences in audiological findings and hearing aid benefits in in iduals with ANSD. However, well-controlled prospective studies are essential to confirm the results obtained and to identify the possible mechanisms underlying the gender differences.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 07-02-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1080/14992020902931574
Abstract: In iduals with auditory neuropathy (AN) often suffer from temporal processing deficits causing speech perception difficulties. In the present study an envelope enhancement scheme that incorporated envelope expansion was used to reduce the effects of temporal deficits. The study involved two experiments. In the first experiment, to simulate the effects of reduced temporal resolution, temporally smeared speech stimuli were presented to listeners with normal hearing. The results revealed that temporal smearing of the speech signal reduced identification scores. With the envelope enhancement of the speech signal prior to being temporally smeared, identification scores improved significantly compared to temporally smeared condition. The second experiment assessed speech perception in twelve in iduals with AN, using unprocessed and envelope-enhanced speech signals. The results revealed improvement in speech identification scores for the majority of in iduals with AN when the envelope of the speech signal was enhanced. However, envelope enhancement was not able to improve speech identification scores for in iduals with AN who had very poor unprocessed speech scores. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that applying envelope enhancement strategies in hearing aids might provide some benefits to many in iduals with AN.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Date: 07-2022
DOI: 10.1121/10.0012917
Abstract: The effects of age and mild hearing loss over the extended high-frequency (EHF) range from 9000 to 16 000 Hz on speech perception and auditory stream segregation were assessed using four groups: (1) young with normal hearing threshold levels (HTLs) over both the conventional and EHF range (2) older with audiograms matched to those for group 1 (3) young with normal HTLs over the conventional frequency range and elevated HTLs over the EHF range (4) older with audiograms matched to those for group 3. For speech in quiet, speech recognition thresholds and speech identification scores did not differ significantly across groups. For monosyllables in noise, both greater age and hearing loss over the EHF range adversely affected performance, but the effect of age was much larger than the effect of hearing status. Stream segregation was assessed using a rapid sequence of vowel stimuli differing in fundamental frequency (F0). Larger differences in F0 were required for stream segregation for the two groups with impaired hearing in the EHF range, but there was no significant effect of age. It is argued that impaired hearing in the EHF range is associated with impaired auditory function at lower frequencies, despite normal audiometric thresholds at those frequencies.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2017
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 09-09-2012
DOI: 10.5402/2012/671247
Abstract: Background . The aim of this study was to investigate the in idual effects of envelope enhancement and high-pass filtering (500 Hz) on word identification scores in quiet for in iduals with Auditory Neuropathy. Method . Twelve in iduals with Auditory Neuropathy (six males and six females) with ages ranging from 12 to 40 years participated in the study. Word identification was assessed using bi-syllabic words in each of three speech processing conditions: unprocessed, envelope-enhanced, and high-pass filtered. All signal processing was carried out using MATLAB-7. Results . Word identification scores showed a mean improvement of 18% with envelope enhanced versus unprocessed speech. No significant improvement was observed with high-pass filtered versus unprocessed speech. Conclusion . These results suggest that the compression/expansion signal processing strategy enhances speech identification scores—at least for mild and moderately impaired in iduals with AN. In contrast, simple high-pass filtering (i.e., eliminating the low-frequency content of the signal) does not improve speech perception in quiet for in iduals with Auditory Neuropathy.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-11-2013
DOI: 10.3109/14992027.2013.849008
Abstract: The present study assesses the effect of companding on speech perception in quiet and noise for listeners with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). Speech perception was assessed using speech reception threshold in noise (SRTn) for sentences and consonant identification in quiet and at different signal-to-noise ratios (15, 10, 5, and 0 dB SNR). Ten ANSD listeners and normal-hearing listeners participated in the study. ANSD listeners required significantly higher SRTn when compared to the normal-hearing listeners. Companding reduced SRTn more significantly in listeners with ANSD, but for normal-hearing listeners there was only a marginal reduction. In the consonant identification task, ANSD listeners performed poorer than normal-hearing listeners in quiet and noise. Companding improved consonant identification in quiet and at 15 dB SNR for listeners with ANSD, whereas no improvement was observed in normal-hearing listeners. Results of the present study demonstrate that companding improved speech perception in quiet and noise for ANSD listeners. The amount of improvement is higher at higher SNRs. In normal-hearing listeners, companding showed marginal improvement in both quiet and noise. The findings are discussed for rehabilitation of ANSD listeners by hearing aids which incorporate the companding strategy.
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 04-02-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-08-2016
Publisher: American Speech Language Hearing Association
Date: 10-09-2021
DOI: 10.1044/2021_AJA-20-00087
Abstract: Around 80%–93% of the in iduals with tinnitus have hearing loss. Researchers have found that tinnitus pitch was related to the frequencies of hearing loss, but unclear about the relationship between tinnitus pitch and audiometry edge frequency. The comorbidity of tinnitus and speech perception in noise problems had also been reported, but the relationship between tinnitus pitch and speech perception in noise had seldom been investigated. This study was designed to estimate the relationship between tinnitus pitch, audiogram edge frequency, and speech perception in noise. The speech perception in noise was measured using auditory stream segregation paradigm. Thirteen in iduals with bilateral mild-to-severe tonal tinnitus and minimal-to-mild cochlear hearing loss were selected. Thirteen in iduals with hearing loss without tinnitus were also selected. The audiogram of each participant with tinnitus was matched with that of the participant without tinnitus. Tinnitus pitch of the participants with tinnitus was measured and compared with audiogram edge frequency. The stream segregation thresholds were calculated at the participants' admitted tinnitus pitch and one octave below the tinnitus pitch. The stream segregation thresholds were estimated at fission and fusion boundary using pure-tone stimuli in ABA paradigm. High correlation between tinnitus pitch and audiogram edge frequency was noted. Overall stream segregation thresholds were higher for in iduals with tinnitus. Higher thresholds indicated poorer stream segregation abilities. Within tinnitus participants, the thresholds were significantly lesser at frequency corresponding to admitted tinnitus pitch than at one octave below the tinnitus pitch. The information from this study may be helpful in educating the patients about the relationship between hearing loss and tinnitus. The findings may also account for speech-perception-in-noise difficulties often reported by the in iduals with tinnitus.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 2008
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH002
Abstract: Neurodevelopmental disorder is an umbrella term comprising many muscular, skeletal, metabolic, endocrinal, systemic, and immune-related diseases, which are caused due to the improper/inaccurate development of the central nervous system. Most of these disorders are highly prevalent, but some express rarely in human beings. Such disorders with least prevalence rates are known as rare neurodevelopmental disorders. The sensory system is affected in all in iduals with these rare neurodevelopmental disorders, although to a varying extent. Sensory processing in terms of hearing loss is reported by many researchers in many rare neurodevelopmental disorders, but the pathophysiology of audiological findings are seldom investigated. In this chapter, the authors highlight the possible relationship between underlying cause and the resultant audiological symptoms in some of the rare neurodevelopmental disorders. Further, the research studies on the audiological profiling in such disorders are discussed.
Publisher: University of California Press
Date: 02-2022
Abstract: We assessed fatigue's effect on temporal resolution and speech perception in noise abilities in trained instrumental musicians. In a pretest-posttest quasiexperimental research design, trained instrumental musicians (n = 39) and theater artists as nonmusicians (n = 37) participated. Fatigue was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) under eight fatigue categories. The temporal release of masking measured the temporal resolution, and auditory stream segregation assessed speech perception in noise. Entire testing was carried out at two time-points: before and after rehearsal. Each participant rehearsed for five to six hours: musicians playing musical instruments and theater artists conducted stage practice. The results revealed significantly lower VAS scores for both musicians and nonmusicians after rehearsal, indicating that both musicians and nonmusicians were fatigued after rehearsal. The musicians had higher scores for temporal release of masking and lower scores for auditory stream segregation abilities than nonmusicians in the pre-fatigue condition, indicating musicians’ edge in auditory processing abilities. However, no such differences in the scores of musicians and nonmusicians were observed in the post-fatigue testing. The results were inferred as the music training related advantage in temporal resolution, and speech perception in noise might have been reduced due to fatigue. In the end, we recommend that musicians consider fatigue a significant factor, as it might affect their performance in auditory processing tasks. Future researchers must also consider fatigue as a variable while measuring auditory processing in musicians. However, we restricted the auditory processing to temporal resolution and speech perception in noise only. Generalizing these results to other auditory processes requires further investigation.
Publisher: Synergy Publishers
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Date: 12-2016
DOI: 10.1121/1.4971419
Abstract: The main aim of this study was to use spectral smearing to evaluate the efficacy of a spectral ripple test (SRt) using stationary sounds and a recent variant with gliding ripples called the spectro-temporal ripple test (STRt) in measuring reduced spectral resolution. In experiment 1 the highest detectable ripple density was measured using four amounts of spectral smearing (unsmeared, mild, moderate, and severe). The thresholds worsened with increasing smearing and were similar for the SRt and the STRt across the three conditions with smearing. For unsmeared stimuli, thresholds were significantly higher (better) for the STRt than for the SRt. An litude fluctuation at the outputs of simulated (gammatone) auditory filters centered above 6400 Hz was identified as providing a potential detection cue for the STRt stimuli. Experiment 2 used notched noise with energy below and above the passband of the SRt and STRt stimuli to reduce confounding cues in the STRt. Thresholds were almost identical for the STRt and SRt for both unsmeared and smeared stimuli, indicating that the confounding cue for the STRt was eliminated by the notched noise. Thresholds obtained with notched noise present could be predicted reasonably accurately using an excitation-pattern model.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2021
Abstract: The relation between degree of sensorineural hearing loss and maximum speech identification scores (PB max ) is commonly used in audiological diagnosis and rehabilitation. It is important to consider the relation between the degree of hearing loss and the lower boundary of PB max , as the PB max varies largely between subjects at a given degree of hearing loss. The present study determines the lower boundary by estimating the lower limit of the one-tailed 95% confidence limit (CL) for a Dantale I, word list, in a large group of young and older subjects with primarily sensorineural hearing loss. PB max scores were measured using Dantale I, at 30 dB above the speech reception threshold or at the most comfortable level from 1,961 subjects with a wide range of pure-tone averages. A nonlinear quantile regression approach was applied to determine the lower boundary (95% CL) of PB max scores. At a specific pure-tone average, if the measured PB max is poorer than the lower boundary (95% CL) of PB max , it may be considered disproportionately poor.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-02-2022
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-08-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-01-2013
DOI: 10.3109/14992027.2012.760850
Abstract: To investigate the effect of pre-transition duration on acoustic change complex (ACC) for speech and tonal stimulus. Cortical potentials were recorded for consonant-vowel syllable and tonal complex stimuli with varying pre-transition durations. Ten in iduals (three male and seven female) in the age range from 18 to 26 years, with normal hearing sensitivity, participated in the study. The results revealed that a minimum pre-transition duration of 100 ms for tonal stimulus (with spectral change) and 80 ms for consonant-vowel syllable is necessary in order to elicit ACC. The latency of N1(1) and P2(1), which is the response for change within the ongoing stimulus, increased with increase in pre-transition duration. The litude of the evoked responses did not show any significant change. It was found that minimum pre-transition duration required in eliciting ACC for speech and non-speech stimulus is not same. The speech stimulus required lesser duration of pre-transition than non-speech stimulus. Further studies regarding the acoustic aspects of sound on CAEP in isolation are warranted.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.HEARES.2014.04.005
Abstract: The aim of the study was to describe and quantify the cochlear active mechanisms in in iduals with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders (ANSD). Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAEs) were recorded in 15 in iduals with ANSD and 22 in iduals with normal hearing. TEOAEs were analyzed by Wavelet transform method to describe and quantify the characteristics of TEOAEs in narrow-band frequency regions. It was noted that the litude of TEOAEs was higher and latency slightly shorter in in iduals with ANSD compared to normal hearing in iduals at low and mid frequencies. The increased litude and reduced latencies of TEOAEs in ANSD group could be attributed to the efferent system damage, especially at low and mid frequencies seen in in iduals with ANSD. Thus, wavelet analysis of TEOAEs proves to be another important tool to understand the patho-physiology in in iduals with ANSD.
Publisher: Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathologies
Date: 31-08-2021
Abstract: Purpose: The Long-Term Average Speech Spectrum (LTASS) and Dynamic Range (DR) of speech strongly influence estimates of Speech Intelligibility Index (SII), gain and compression required for hearing aid fitting. It is also known that acoustic and linguistic characteristics of a language have a bearing on its LTASS and DR. Thus, there is a need to estimate LTASS and DR for Indian languages. The present work on three Indian languages fills this gap and contrasts LTASS and DR attributes of these languages against British English.Methods: For this purpose, LTASS and DR were measured for 21 one-third octave bands in the frequency range of 0.1 to 10 kHz for Hindi, Kannada, Indian English and British English.Results: Our work shows that the DR of Indian languages studied is 7-10 dB less relative to that of British English. We also report that LTASS levels for Indian languages are 7 dB lower relative to British English for frequencies above 1 kHz. Finally, we observed that LTASS and DR attributes across genders were more or less the same.Conclusions: Given the evidence presented in this work that LTASS and DR characteristics for Indian languages analyzed are markedly different than those for BE, there is a need to determine Indian language specific SII, as well as gain and compression parameters used in hearing aids.
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 06-2021
Abstract: Background The right ear advantage (REA) observed for dichotic CV (DCV) testing in Indian languages is seen to be smaller compared with the observations in several studies in English and other languages. Purpose The present study aims to explore whether the differences in the temporal alignment of consonant–vowel (CV) stimuli used for the dichotic task is a contributing factor that can explain the smaller REAs observed in Indian languages. Research Design The study compared the laterality index (LI) values between DCV test results obtained using CV stimuli that were temporally aligned at the acoustic onset versus the burst onset, with 0 milliseconds lag between the right and left ears. Study S le A total of 50 right-handed in iduals (native speakers of Kannada language) in the age range of 17 to 30 years with normal hearing sensitivity participated in the study. Data Collection and Analysis The participants' responses to the two sets of DCV stimuli were recorded and compared. LI was calculated for the overall scores as well as for specific voiced and unvoiced segment combinations. To test the reliability of the findings, 10 of the participants were re-tested using the same stimuli and the data were checked for reliability. Results The overall LI was 15.1% for the stimuli temporally aligned at the burst onset, whereas it was 5.7% for the stimuli temporally aligned at the acoustic onset. The difference in LI was not significant between the alignment conditions for unvoiced–unvoiced and voiced–voiced CV combinations, but this difference was significant for the unvoiced–voiced and voiced–unvoiced CV combinations. Comparing test and re-test scores showed good reliability. Conclusion The results support our hypothesis that smaller REA observed in DCV task in Indian languages was due to the temporal alignment of CV stimuli. In the acoustic-onset-aligned condition, presenting pairs contrasting in the voicing feature tends to cancel out a relative ear advantage.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-05-2022
DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1916632
Abstract: Primarily to understand whether clinically relevant factors affect the International Outcome Inventory (IOI-HA) scores and to examine if IOI-HA scores improve when renewing the hearing aids (HA) for experienced users. Secondly, to estimate the overall HA effectiveness using the IOI-HA. A prospective observational study. In total, 1961 patients with hearing loss were included. All patients underwent a hearing examination, were fitted with HAs, and answered the IOI-HA. Factor analysis of IOI-HA separated the items into a Factor 1 (use of HA, perceived benefits, satisfaction, and quality of life) and Factor 2 (residual activity limitation, residual participation restriction and impact on others) score. Degree of hearing loss, word recognition score, motivation, HA usage time, tinnitus, asymmetry, and sex were significantly associated with total IOI-HA, Factor 1, or Factor 2 scores. The seven IOI-HA items increased on average by 0.4 ( Degree of hearing loss, word recognition score, motivation, tinnitus, asymmetry, and sex may be used to identify patients who require special attention to become successful HA users.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-04-2017
DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2017.1307530
Abstract: To develop sentence lists in the Telugu language for the assessment of speech recognition threshold (SRT) in the presence of background noise through identification of the mean signal-to-noise ratio required to attain a 50% sentence recognition score (SRTn). This study was conducted in three phases. The first phase involved the selection and recording of Telugu sentences. In the second phase, 20 lists, each consisting of 10 sentences with equal intelligibility, were formulated using a numerical optimisation procedure. In the third phase, the SRTn of the developed lists was estimated using adaptive procedures on in iduals with normal hearing. A total of 68 native Telugu speakers with normal hearing participated in the study. Of these, 18 (including the speakers) performed on various subjective measures in first phase, 20 performed on sentence/word recognition in noise for second phase and 30 participated in the list equivalency procedures in third phase. In all, 15 lists of comparable difficulty were formulated as test material. The mean SRTn across these lists corresponded to -2.74 (SD = 0.21). The developed sentence lists provided a valid and reliable tool to measure SRTn in Telugu native speakers.
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 02-2014
DOI: 10.3766/JAAA.25.2.9
Abstract: Background: There are many clinically available tests for the assessment of auditory processing skills in children and adults. However, there is limited data available on the maturational effects on the performance on these tests. Purpose: The current study investigated maturational effects on auditory processing abilities using three psychophysical measures: temporal modulation transfer function (TMTF), iterated ripple noise (IRN) perception, and spectral ripple discrimination (SRD). Research Design: A cross-sectional study. Three groups of subjects were tested: 10 adults (18–30 yr), 10 older children (12–18 yr), and 10 young children (8–11 yr) Data Collection and Analysis: Temporal envelope processing was measured by obtaining thresholds for litude modulation detection as a function of modulation frequency (TMTF 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 Hz). Temporal fine structure processing was measured using IRN, and spectral processing was measured using SRD. Results: The results showed that young children had significantly higher modulation thresholds at 4 Hz (TMTF) compared to the other two groups and poorer SRD scores compared to adults. The results on IRN did not differ across groups. Conclusions: The results suggest that different aspects of auditory processing mature at different age periods and these maturational effects need to be considered while assessing auditory processing in children.
Publisher: Synergy Publishers
Date: 16-03-2018
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: American Speech Language Hearing Association
Date: 09-12-2021
DOI: 10.1044/2021_AJA-21-00125
Abstract: In this work, we have determined the long-term average speech spectra (LTASS) and dynamic ranges (DR) of 17 Indian languages. This work is important because LTASS and DR are language-dependent functions used to fit hearing aids, calculate the Speech Intelligibility Index, and recognize speech automatically. Currently, LTASS and DR functions for English are used to fit hearing aids in India. Our work may help improve the performance of hearing aids in the Indian context. Speech s les from native talkers were used as stimuli in this study. Each speech s le was initially cleaned for extraneous sounds and excessively long pauses. Next, LTASS and DR functions for each language were calculated for different frequency bands. Similar analysis was also performed for English for reference purposes. Two-way analysis of variance was also conducted to understand the effects of important parameters on LTASS and DR. Finally, a one-s le t test was conducted to assess the significance of important statistical attributes of our data. We showed that LTASS and DR for Indian languages are 5–10 dB and 11 dB less than those for English. These differences may be due to lesser use rate of high-frequency dominant phonemes and preponderance of vowel-ending words in Indian languages. We also showed that LTASS and DR do not differ significantly across Indian languages. Hence, we propose a common LTASS and DR for Indian languages. We showed that differences in LTASS and DR for Indian languages vis-à-vis English are large and significant. Such differences may be attributed to phonetic and linguistic characteristics of Indian languages.
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Date: 05-2023
DOI: 10.1121/10.0017973
Abstract: Psychoacoustic and speech perception measures were compared for a group who were exposed to noise regularly through listening to music via personal music players (PMP) and a control group without such exposure. Lifetime noise exposure, quantified using the NESI questionnaire, averaged ten times higher for the exposed group than for the control group. Audiometric thresholds were similar for the two groups over the conventional frequency range up to 8 kHz, but for higher frequencies, the exposed group had higher thresholds than the control group. Amplitude modulation detection (AMD) thresholds were measured using a 4000-Hz sinusoidal carrier presented in threshold-equalizing noise at 30, 60, and 90 dB sound pressure level (SPL) for modulation frequencies of 8, 16, 32, and 64 Hz. At 90 dB SPL but not at the lower levels, AMD thresholds were significantly higher (worse) for the exposed than for the control group, especially for low modulation frequencies. The exposed group required significantly higher signal-to-noise ratios than the control group to understand sentences in noise. Otoacoustic emissions did not differ for the two groups. It is concluded that listening to music via PMP can have subtle deleterious effects on speech perception, AM detection, and hearing sensitivity over the extended high-frequency range.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 24-03-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2008
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Date: 04-2019
DOI: 10.1121/1.5098770
Abstract: The effect of temporal repetition rate R on the discrimination and internal representation of stimuli with spectro-temporal ripples was examined. Experiment 1 measured the highest ripple density D at which upward- and downward-gliding ripples could be discriminated. Thresholds varied only slightly for R from 2 to 8 Hz, with a median threshold just above 5 ripples/oct. The threshold decreased (worsened) when R was increased to 16 and 32 Hz, suggesting that the limited temporal resolution of the auditory system plays a role for these higher values of R. Experiment 2 explored the internal representation of stimuli with static and downward-gliding spectral ripples by measuring the detection threshold for a brief tone presented at a peak or a valley in the stimulus spectrum. Thresholds were generally higher when the signal was at a peak than when it was at a valley. The peak-valley difference tended to decrease with increasing D, and the variation of thresholds with D was greater for low R than for high R. The results suggest that the discrimination of spectro-temporal ripples is limited mainly by frequency resolution for lower ripple rates (up to 4–8 Hz) but temporal resolution plays a major role for higher rates.
Publisher: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH
Date: 11-2018
DOI: 10.3813/AAA.919272
Start Date: 2011
End Date: 2015
Funder: Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology
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