ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7052-6900
Current Organisations
Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Likes
,
National Optical Astronomy Observatory
,
Durham University
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In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Psychology | Social And Community Psychology | Social and Community Psychology | Social and Cultural Geography
Ethnicity, Multiculturalism and Migrant Development and Welfare | Behavioural and cognitive sciences | Expanding Knowledge in Psychology and Cognitive Sciences | Ethnicity and multiculturalism | Studies in human society | Social Class and Inequalities | Migrant development and welfare |
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 28-05-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FPSYG.2021.588944
Abstract: This research draws from three distinct lines of research on the link between emotions and intergroup bias as springboard to integrative, new hypotheses. Past research suggests that emotions extrinsic to the outgroup (or “incidental”), and intrinsic to the outgroup (or “integral”), produce valence-congruent effects on intergroup bias when relevant or “applicable” to the outgroup (e.g., incidental/integral anger and ethnic outgroups). These emotions produce valence in congruent effects when irrelevant or “non-applicable” to the outgroup (e.g., incidental/integral sadness and happiness, and ethnic outgroups). Internally valid and ecologically sound tests of these contrasting effects are missing hence we examined them experimentally in meaningful settings of interethnic contact. To this end, we hybridized established research paradigms in mood and intergroup contact research this approach enabled us to use same materials and induction methods to instigate incidental and integral emotions in a single research design. In Experiment 1, White Australian students ( N = 93) in in vivo real face-to-face contact with an ethnic tutor in their classroom displayed less interethnic bias when incidentally sad (vs. happy) or integrally happy (vs. sad). In Experiment 2, White American males' ( N = 492) anti-Arab bias displayed ergent effects under incidental vs. integral (non-applicable) sadness/happiness and similar effects under incidental vs. integral (applicable) anger. The role of perceptions of agency in the emotion-inducing situation is also explored, tested, and explained drawing from mainstream emotion theory. As expected, integral and incidental applicable emotions caused valence congruent effects, at the opposite sides of the subjective agency spectrum, by encouraging the generalization of dislike from the outgroup contact partner to the outgroup as a whole. On the other hand, incidental-non-applicable emotions caused valence-incongruent effects on bias, under high agency conditions, by encouraging (non-partner-centered) heuristic processing. Because of the improved methodology, these effects can be regarded as genuine and not the byproduct of methodological artifacts. This theory-driven and empirically sound analysis of the interplay between emotion source, emotion applicability and subjective agency in intergroup contact can increase the precision of emotion-based bias reduction strategies by deepening understanding of the emotion conditions that lead to intergroup bias attenuation vs. exacerbation.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2011
DOI: 10.1080/00207594.2010.537660
Abstract: The need for closure predicts an evaluative bias against people whose opinions or behaviors deviate from those of other members of their social groups. In the present study, we investigated whether the relationship between the need for closure and deviant bias generalized to nonsocial stimuli, and we examined the process underlying this relationship. Sixty-one undergraduate students completed measures of the need for closure, the need for structure, intolerance for ambiguity, and the ability to be decisive and achieve cognitive structure. They then rated their liking for letters of the Latin alphabet ("A" & "B") whose locations were consistent and inconsistent with relevant categories ("A circle" and "B circle"). Participants liked category-inconsistent letters less than category-consistent letters. Measures related to the need for structure and closed-mindedness correlated positively with this deviant bias, whereas measures related to the ability to be decisive and achieve cognitive structure did not. These results imply that the relationship between the need for closure and deviant bias is a relatively basic and pervasive effect that is not unique to social deviance and is driven by the need for structure and closed-mindedness. Implications for social and nonsocial stimuli are discussed.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-02-2019
DOI: 10.1111/JASP.12577
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.PSYCHRES.2014.09.010
Abstract: Research demonstrates that people living with serious mental illness (SMI) contend with widespread public stigma however, little is known about the specific experiences of stigma that mothers, and in particular fathers, with SMI encounter as parents. This study aimed to explore and compare the experiences of stigma for mothers and fathers with SMI inferred not only by living with a mental illness but also potential compounding gender effects, and the associated impact of stigma on parenting. Telephone surveys were conducted with 93 participants with SMI who previously identified as parents in the Second Australian National Survey of Psychosis. Results indicated that mothers were more likely than fathers to perceive and internalise stigma associated with their mental illness. Conversely, fathers were more inclined to perceive stigma relating to their gender and to hold stigmatising attitudes towards others. Mental illness and gender stigma predicted poorer self-reported parenting experiences for both mothers and fathers. These findings may assist in tailoring interventions for mothers and fathers with SMI.
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 10-2022
Abstract: The Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will detect an unprecedentedly large s le of actively accreting supermassive black holes with typical accretion disk (AD) sizes of a few light days. This brings us to face challenges in the reverberation mapping (RM) measurement of AD sizes in active galactic nuclei using interband continuum delays. We examine the effect of LSST cadence strategies on AD RM using our metric AGN _ TimeLagMetric . It accounts for redshift, cadence, the magnitude limit, and magnitude corrections for dust extinction. Running our metric on different LSST cadence strategies, we produce an atlas of the performance estimations for LSST photometric RM measurements. We provide an upper limit on the estimated number of quasars for which the AD time lag can be computed within 0 z 7 using the features of our metric. We forecast that the total counts of such objects will increase as the mean s ling rate of the survey decreases. The AD time lag measurements are expected for sources in each deep drilling field (DDF (10 deg 2 )) in any filter, with the redshift distribution of these sources peaking at z ≈ 1. We find the LSST observation strategies with a good cadence (≲5 days) and a long cumulative season (∼9 yr), as proposed for LSST DDF, are favored for the AD size measurement. We create synthetic LSST light curves for the most suitable DDF cadences and determine RM time lags to demonstrate the impact of the best cadences based on the proposed metric.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 31-08-2012
Abstract: Contact researchers have largely overlooked the potential for negative intergroup contact to increase prejudice. In Study 1, we tested the interaction between contact quantity and valence on prejudice toward Black Australians ( n = 1,476), Muslim Australians ( n = 173), and asylum seekers ( n = 293). In all cases, the association between contact quantity and prejudice was moderated by its valence, with negative contact emerging as a stronger and more consistent predictor than positive contact. In Study 2, White Americans ( n = 441) indicated how much positive and negative contact they had with Black Americans on separate measures. Although both quantity of positive and negative contact predicted racism and avoidance, negative contact was the stronger predictor. Furthermore, negative (but not positive) contact independently predicted suspicion about Barack Obama’s birthplace. These results extend the contact hypothesis by issuing an important caveat: Negative contact may be more strongly associated with increased racism and discrimination than positive contact is with its reduction.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 25-07-2012
Abstract: Being a parent is an important part of one’s identity and role. Previous research outlines many challenges associated with parenting by people with severe mental illness. However, there is a limited research describing parenting experiences of mothers and fathers who have psychosis. The second Australian national survey of psychosis recruited 1825 people living with symptoms of, or a diagnosis of, psychosis. The survey was conducted through face-to-face interviews and included key clinical and demographic information, as well as parenting specific information. Over half of all women and a quarter of men were parents. Almost a quarter of women but only 5.5% of the men had dependent children (own and/or stepchildren) living at home with them. Of parents with dependent children, the most common diagnosis was schizophrenia (48.2% fathers, 28.9% mothers), and there were high rates of comorbidity with substance abuse/dependence (alcohol: fathers 69.2%, mothers 44.3% cannabis: fathers 69.22%, mothers 47.8%). A substantial proportion of parents with dependent children experienced challenges including low educational attainment, unemployment, poverty, and social isolation. Although many parents living with dependent children functioned in the average range, a significant proportion was moderately to severely disabled on global independent functioning ratings (fathers 49.1%, mothers 35.7%) and some were identified as having obvious/severe impairments in their ability to care for their child(ren) (fathers 28.3%, mothers 21.3%). Most parents living with psychosis function well. However, a significant proportion has impairments in parenting and general functioning that could have adverse consequences for both the parent and children. This study brings into focus the need for interventions to optimise successful parenting outcomes.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-11-2010
Abstract: Drawing from the intergroup contact model and self-categorization theory, the authors advanced the novel hypothesis of a valence-salience effect, whereby negative contact causes higher category salience than positive contact. As predicted, in a laboratory experiment of interethnic contact, White Australians ( N = 49) made more frequent and earlier reference to ethnicity when describing their ethnic contact partner if she had displayed negative (vs. positive, neutral) nonverbal behavior. In a two-wave experimental study of retrieved intergenerational contact, American young adults ( N = 240) reported age to be more salient during negative (vs. positive) contact and negative contact predicted increased episodic and chronic category salience over time. Some evidence for the reverse salience-valence effect was also found. Because category salience facilitates contact generalization, these results suggest that intergroup contact is potentially biased toward worsening intergroup relations further implications for theory and policy making are discussed.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-11-2018
DOI: 10.1111/JOSI.12293
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2004
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-08-2018
DOI: 10.1111/SMS.13264
Abstract: This study examined how motor skills are associated with physical activity (PA), sedentary time, body fat, and day care attendance among young children. Also, the motor skills of healthy weight children were compared to those who were overweight or obese. The study population consisted of five to six years old children (n = 111 45 boys) who participated in the longitudinal STEPS Study carried out in Southwest Finland in 2013-2014. Motor skills were measured with the Bruininks-Oseretsky test, second edition (BOT-2) including fine manual control, manual coordination, body coordination, and strength and agility. Moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and sedentary time were objectively measured with hip-worn accelerometers. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on measured weight and height. Body fat percentage (BF%) was measured using segmental multifrequency bio impedance analysis. Day care attendance was measured with parental questionnaires. Linear regression analyses were adjusted by age, sex, and parental education. Day care attendance was positively associated with body coordination and strength and agility. Lower BF% in girls was associated with higher strength and agility scores. There were no associations between manual coordination or fine manual control and the explanatory variables. Objectively measured MVPA and sedentary time showed no associations with motor skills. Overweight children had significantly lower scores in all motor skill composites (P < 0.05) than healthy weight children, except in fine manual control where the association was non-significant (P = 0.202). Early prevention of overweight and obesity may be of importance and day care attendance may be beneficial for motor skill development.
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 26-05-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSAMS.2018.07.012
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate cross-lagged associations of leaping skill and throwing-catching skills with objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) during school transition from upper primary (Grade 6) to lower secondary school (Grade 7). This study is a one-year prospective follow-up study within Finnish school settings. Students' MVPA, ST, leaping skill and throwing-catching skills were measured at Grade 6 and subsequently at Grade 7. A s le of 336 students (163 girls, 173 boys M age=12.0 years, SD=0.4 at Grade 6 participated in the study. Students' MVPA and ST were measured objectively by hip-worn accelerometers. Leaping skill was measured by 5-leaps test. Throwing and catching skills were measured by throwing-catching combination test. Cross-lagged structural equation modeling was conducted to evaluate the associations between MVPA, ST, leaping skill, and throwing-catching skills at Grade 6 and Grade 7. Results demonstrated three significant cross-lagged associations among girls: (1) leaping skill measured at Grade 6 was negatively associated with ST at Grade 7 (2) objectively measured MVPA at Grade 6 associated positively with leaping skill at Grade 7 and (3) throwing-catching skills measured at Grade 6 associated positively with leaping skill measured at Grade 7. There were no statistically significant cross-lagged associations between the study variables for the s le of boys. The results of this study indicated that supporting opportunities for girls' engagement in both MVPA and leaping skill development activities during their primary school education is strongly recommended.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-02-2019
DOI: 10.1111/SPC3.12442
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 02-2022
Abstract: There is growing evidence for physical influence between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies. We present a case study of the nearby galaxy NGC 7582, for which we find evidence that galactic substructure plays an important role in affecting the collimation of ionized outflows as well as contributing to the heavy active galactic nucleus (AGN) obscuration. This result contrasts with a simple, small-scale AGN torus model, according to which AGN-wind collimation may take place inside the torus itself, at subparsec scales. Using 3D spectroscopy with the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer instrument, we probe the kinematics of the stellar and ionized gas components as well as the ionization state of the gas from a combination of emission-line ratios. We report for the first time a kinematically distinct core (KDC) in NGC 7582, on a scale of ∼600 pc. This KDC coincides spatially with dust lanes and starbursting complexes previously observed. We interpret it as a circumnuclear ring of stars and dusty, gas-rich material. We obtain a clear view of the outflowing cones over kiloparsec scales and demonstrate that they are predominantly photoionized by the central engine. We detect the back cone (behind the galaxy) and confirm previous results of a large nuclear obscuration of both the stellar continuum and H ii regions. While we tentatively associate the presence of the KDC with a large-scale bar and/or a minor galaxy merger, we stress the importance of gaining a better understanding of the role of galaxy substructure in controlling the fueling, feedback, and obscuration of AGNs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-08-2014
DOI: 10.1002/EJSP.2052
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JASP.12444
Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
Date: 07-2013
DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000114
Abstract: The present research investigated linguistic description as a moderator of biased evaluations of counterstereotypical in iduals. Members of an online participant pool (N = 237) indicated their liking for stereotypical and counterstereotypical in iduals who were described using adjectives or behaviors. There was a significant interaction between target typicality and linguistic description: People liked counterstereotypical in iduals more than stereotypical in iduals when target in iduals were described using adjectives. In contrast, they showed no bias or a negative bias against counterstereotypical in iduals who were described using behaviors. This interaction effect generalized across gender targets (men/women) and sexuality targets (gay/straight), and it was partially mediated by subjective processing fluency. Implications for the backlash effect and prejudice reduction are discussed.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-03-2016
DOI: 10.1093/MNRAS/STW541
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-05-2014
DOI: 10.1002/EJSP.2029
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-05-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JASP.12448
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 08-2022
Abstract: We present the second public data release (DR2) from the DECam Local Volume Exploration survey (DELVE). DELVE DR2 combines new DECam observations with archival DECam data from the Dark Energy Survey, the DECam Legacy Survey, and other DECam community programs. DELVE DR2 consists of ∼160,000 exposures that cover ,000 deg 2 of the high-Galactic-latitude (∣ b ∣ 10°) sky in four broadband optical/near-infrared filters ( g , r , i , z ). DELVE DR2 provides point-source and automatic aperture photometry for ∼2.5 billion astronomical sources with a median 5 σ point-source depth of g = 24.3, r = 23.9, i = 23.5, and z = 22.8 mag. A region of ∼17,000 deg 2 has been imaged in all four filters, providing four-band photometric measurements for ∼618 million astronomical sources. DELVE DR2 covers more than 4 times the area of the previous DELVE data release and contains roughly 5 times as many astronomical objects. DELVE DR2 is publicly available via the NOIRLab Astro Data Lab science platform.
Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000171
Abstract: People tend to misclassify ambiguous in iduals as members of the out-group rather than the in-group. This in-group overexclusion effect (IO effect) is thought to occur because people are motivated to maintain their in-group’s positivity by protecting it from potential out-group intrusions. The present research tested this explanation by asking university students (N = 122) to complete a self-esteem scale and then recall the group memberships of in iduals who belonged to minimal groups. Consistent with predictions, participants misassigned significantly fewer in iduals to the in-group than to the out-group when the in-group was positive and the out-group was negative but not when these valences were reversed. In addition, self-esteem negatively predicted the IO effect. Alternative explanations of the IO effect are discussed.
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.5334/IRSP.151
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 30-05-2018
Abstract: Past research is limited by a focus on intimacy in positive intergroup contact. This study tested whether intergroup intimacy counteracts or lifies the detrimental effects of negative intergroup contact on outgroup attitudes. Participants from five Central European countries ( N = 1,276) described their intergroup contact with, and attitudes towards, citizens from neighboring nations. We coded the contact descriptions for presence (vs. absence) of intimacy (intimate, casual, or formal relationships) and contact valence (negative, positive, or ambivalent). The results indicated that those who reported negative contact in the context of intimate relationships displayed more positive outgroup attitudes than those who reported negative contact in the context of nonintimate relationships. This protective function of intimacy extended to instances of ambivalent contact. Our findings speak of the additive value of intimacy and positivity for intergroup relations they underscore the benefits of intimacy as part of not only positive but also negative intergroup contact.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-07-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S12529-019-09800-8
Abstract: The study aim was to examine the mechanisms of physical activity behaviour change in the multi-component eCoFit randomised controlled trial (RCT) among adults diagnosed with, or at risk of, T2D. The RCT included two phases: phase 1 (weeks 1-10) integrated group sessions (outdoor physical activity and cognitive mentoring) and the use of the eCoFit smartphone application (app), and phase 2 (weeks 11-20), which included the use of the eCoFit smartphone application only. Participants (n = 84) were assessed at baseline and 10 and 20 weeks from baseline. Physical activity was assessed using pedometers, and the following mediators were tested: action self-efficacy, barrier self-efficacy, recovery self-efficacy, implementation intentions, intention to have regular physical activity, outcome expectations, risk perception and implicit associations related to physical activity. The PROCESS INDIRECT Macro was used to perform mediation analyses. Significant mediation pathways were found for implementation intention measured at 10 weeks, AB (95% CI = 486.04 [128.19, 1073.42]). No significant pathways were found for the other social-cognitive and implicit attitudinal mediators. Increased daily steps among the intervention participants were explained by increased implementation intentions. The eCoFit study successfully operationalised implementation intentions in the smartphone app designed to promote outdoor physical activity. The trial was approved by a University Human Research Committee and is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12615000990527).
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 19-01-2015
Abstract: We examine predictors of outgroup partner “fit” (the extent to which an in idual is seen as representative of a group), and whether fit determines generalization from a discrete intergroup communication experience to intentions for future contact with the outgroup. In an experiment, 288 undergraduate students imagined a conversation with an older target who was presented either positively or negatively. The positively valenced older adult was seen as being more representative of older people in general (high fit), and this link was stronger for those with more past positive and fewer past negative communication experiences. Fit moderated the effects of imagined interaction valence on intentions for future intergroup contact. A positive older partner perceived as fitting the category “older people” resulted in greater intention to communicate with older people in the future than a negative partner in iduals who saw their partner as atypical showed the reverse pattern—they were less likely to report intentions for future intergenerational contact after a positive than a negative manipulated interaction. The findings demonstrate that negative intergroup communication can, at times, have positive effects, and positive contact can have negative effects.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-2016
Abstract: While “knowledge learning” about the outgroup has been regarded as one of the key mechanisms for the contact–prejudice relation since the contact hypothesis’ first inception (Pettigrew & Tropp, 2008), “learning,” more broadly, has rarely been used as an explanatory framework to investigate the consequences of intergroup contact. In this article, we lay the foundation of a learning model of anxiety and stress in ingroup–outgroup interactions. We distinguish between episodic and chronic anxiety responses to the outgroup and recommend investigations on the complexities of their dynamic interplay, as in iduals accumulate and dynamically integrate their experiences with the outgroup over time. Through a review of established and emerging psychophysiological and behavioral research of anxiety during ingroup–outgroup interactions, we identify evidence consistent with this dynamic outlook of intergroup contact effects. In this context, we also advance novel and untested predictions for future investigations onto the temporal integration of contact effects during an in idual’s lifespan.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-09-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Location: United States of America
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 01-2005
End Date: 06-2010
Amount: $110,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 05-2022
End Date: 05-2025
Amount: $532,275.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 06-2015
End Date: 05-2023
Amount: $293,400.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 02-2007
End Date: 02-2015
Amount: $252,004.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity