ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8947-5605
Current Organisations
NodThera
,
Harvard University Extension School
,
Collegium Civitas
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 18-11-2009
DOI: 10.1002/STEM.259
Abstract: Adherent fibroblast-like cells have been reported to appear in cultures of human endocrine or exocrine pancreatic tissue during attempts to differentiate human β cells from pancreatic precursors. A thorough characterization of these mesenchymal cells has not yet been completed, and there are no conclusive data about their origin. We demonstrated that the human mesenchymal cells outgrowing from cultured human pancreatic endocrine or exocrine tissue are pancreatic mesenchymal stem cells (pMSC) that propagate from contaminating pMSC. The origin of pMSC is partly extrapancreatic both in humans and mice, and by using green fluorescent protein (GFP+) bone marrow transplantation in the mouse model, we were able to demonstrate that these cells derive from the CD45+ component of bone marrow. The pMSC express negligible levels of islet-specific genes both in basal conditions and after serum deprivation or exogenous growth factor exposure, and might not represent optimal candidates for generation of physiologically competent β-cells. On the other hand, when cotransplanted with a minimal pancreatic islet mass, pMSC facilitate the restoration of normoglycemia and the neovascularization of the graft. These results suggest that pMSCs could exert an indirect role of “helper” cells in tissue repair processes.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 31-07-2019
DOI: 10.1101/710210
Abstract: Ageing is a degenerative process leading to tissue dysfunction and death. A proposed cause of ageing is the accumulation of epigenetic noise, which disrupts youthful gene expression patterns that are required for cells to function optimally and recover from damage 1–3 . Changes to DNA methylation patterns over time form the basis of an ‘ageing clock’ 4, 5 , but whether old in iduals retain information to reset the clock and, if so, whether this would improve tissue function is not known. Of all the tissues in the body, the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the first to lose regenerative capacity 6, 7 . Using the eye as a model tissue, we show that expression of Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4 genes (OSK) in mice resets youthful gene expression patterns and the DNA methylation age of retinal ganglion cells, promotes axon regeneration after optic nerve crush injury, and restores vision in a mouse model of glaucoma and in normal old mice. This process, which we call re co v ery of information v ia e pigenetic r eprogramming or REVIVER, requires the DNA demethylases Tet1 and Tet2, indicating that DNA methylation patterns don’t just indicate age, they participate in ageing. Thus, old tissues retain a faithful record of youthful epigenetic information that can be accessed for functional age reversal.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.ADDR.2014.05.006
Abstract: Angiogenesis is indispensable for solid tumor expansion, and thus it has become a major target of cancer research and anti-cancer therapies. Deciphering the arcane actions of various cell populations during tumor angiogenesis requires sophisticated research models, which could capture the dynamics and complexity of the process. There is a continuous need for improvement of existing research models, which engages interdisciplinary approaches of tissue engineering with life sciences. Tireless efforts to develop a new model to study tumor angiogenesis result in innovative solutions, which bring us one step closer to decipher the dubious nature of cancer. This review aims to overview the recent developments, current limitations and future challenges in three-dimensional tissue-engineered models for the study of tumor angiogenesis and for the purpose of elucidating novel targets aimed at anti-cancer drug discovery.
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Karolina Chwalek.