ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1025-5616
Current Organisations
University of the Sunshine Coast
,
Queensland University of Technology
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Environmental Monitoring | Environmental Science and Management | Pattern Recognition and Data Mining | Computer-Human Interaction
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Effects of Climate Change and Variability on Australia (excl. Social Impacts) | Ecosystem Assessment and Management at Regional or Larger Scales | Information Processing Services (incl. Data Entry and Capture) |
Related Links
Publications
Courtship behaviour and display-site sharing appears conditional on body size in a lekking bat
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
A COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF A BRAND OF BROAD-BAND AND SEVERAL BRANDS OF NARROW-BAND BAT DETECTORS IN TWO DIFFERENT HABITAT TYPES
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 1996
A continental‐scale tool for acoustic identification of E uropean bats
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-08-2012
Evidence of homing following translocation of long‐tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) at Grand Canyon Cave, New Zealand
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2007
Search-phase echolocation calls of the New Zealand lesser short-tailed bat (Mystacina tuberculata) and long-tailed bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus)
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Date: 09-1997
DOI: 10.1139/Z97-772
Abstract: This paper describes the search-phase echolocation calls of lesser short-tailed bats (Mystacina tuberculata) and long-tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus). Calls were recorded from all three subspecies of short-tailed bat and seven populations of long-tailed bat, three in Northland, two in the central North Island, and two in the lower South Island. The calls were recorded in the field and digitised, then three spectral components and one temporal component of the calls were measured. Calls of the lesser short-tailed bat could be loosely classified into subspecies by means of multivariate discriminant function analysis. Similarly, long-tailed bat calls showed regional variation, and discriminant function analysis was able to fit calls to regional groups with a high rate of success. The significance of the results presented is discussed in terms of the conservation of New Zealand bats and the unique ecology of the lesser short-tailed bat.
The potential availability of roosting sites for lesser short‐tailed bats (Mystacina tuberculata) on Kapiti Island, New Zealand: Implications for a translocation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2007
Home range and habitat selection by a threatened bat in exotic plantation forest
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
Bat colony size reduction coincides with clear-fell harvest operations and high rates of roost loss in plantation forest
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-09-2011
Translocation of bats as a conservation strategy: previous attempts and potential problems
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 09-07-2009
DOI: 10.3354/ESR00195
Echolocation Calls of the Long-Tailed Bat: A Quantitative Analysis of Types of Calls
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 22-08-1997
DOI: 10.2307/1382956
MRI of postmortem specimens of endangered species for comparative brain anatomy
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-03-2008
Abstract: Many of the 5,500 threatened species of vertebrates found worldwide are highly protected and generally unavailable for scientific investigation. Here we describe a noninvasive protocol to visualize the structure and size of brain in postmortem specimens. We demonstrate its utility by examining four endangered species of kiwi (Apteryx spp.). Frozen specimens are thawed and imaged using MRI, revealing internal details of brain structure. External brain morphology and an estimate of brain volume can be reliably obtained by creating 3D models. This method has facilitated a comparison of brain structure in the different kiwi species, one of which is on the brink of extinction. This new approach has the potential to extend our knowledge of brain structure to species that have until now been outside the reach of anatomical investigation.
Effects of Clear-Fell Harvest on Bat Home Range
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 22-01-2014
Human vs. machine: identification of bat species from their echolocation calls by humans and by artificial neural networks
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Date: 05-2008
DOI: 10.1139/Z08-009
Abstract: Automated remote ultrasound detectors allow large amounts of data on bat presence and activity to be collected. Processing of such data involves identifying bat species from their echolocation calls. Automated species identification has the potential to provide more consistent, predictable, and potentially higher levels of accuracy than identification by humans. In contrast, identification by humans permits flexibility and intelligence in identification, as well as the incorporation of features and patterns that may be difficult to quantify. We compared humans with artificial neural networks (ANNs) in their ability to classify short recordings of bat echolocation calls of variable signal to noise ratios these sequences are typical of those obtained from remote automated recording systems that are often used in large-scale ecological studies. We presented 45 recordings (1–4 calls) produced by known species of bats to ANNs and to 26 human participants with 1 month to 23 years of experience in acoustic identification of bats. Humans correctly classified 86% of recordings to genus and 56% to species ANNs correctly identified 92% and 62%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the performance of ANNs and that of humans, but ANNs performed better than about 75% of humans. There was little relationship between the experience of the human participants and their classification rate. However, humans with year of experience performed worse than others. Currently, identification of bat echolocation calls by humans is suitable for ecological research, after careful consideration of biases. However, improvements to ANNs and the data that they are trained on may in future increase their performance to beyond those demonstrated by humans.
Mechanical filtering for narrow-band hearing in the weta
Publisher: The Company of Biologists
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1242/JEB.050187
Abstract: This paper constitutes a major attempt to associate tympanic deflections with the mechanoreceptor organ location in an acoustic insect. The New Zealand tree weta (Hemideina thoracica) has tympanal ears located on each of the prothoracic tibiae. The tympana exhibit a sclerotized oval plate, membranous processes bulging out from the tibial cuticle and many loosely suspended ripples. We used microscanning laser Doppler vibrometry to determine how such a tympanal membrane vibrates in response to sound and whether the sclerotized region plays a role in hearing. The tympanum displays a single resonance at the calling frequency of the male, an unusual ex le of an insect tympana acting as a narrow bandpass filter. Both tympana resonate in phase with the stimulus and with each other. Histological sections show that the tympanal area is ided into two distinct regions, as in other ensiferans. An oval plate lies in the middle of a thickened region and is surrounded by a transparent and uniformly thin region. It is hinged dorsally to the tympanal rim and thus resembles the model of a ‘hinged flap’. The thickened region appears to act as a d ing mass on the oscillation of the thin region, and vibration displacement is reduced in this area. The thinner area vibrates with higher litude, inducing mechanical pressure on the dorsal area adjacent to the crista acustica. We present a new model showing how the thickened region might confer a mechanical gain onto the activation of the crista acustica sensory neurons during the sound-induced oscillations.
Spatiotemporal and demographic variation in the diet of New Zealand lesser short‐tailed bats (Mystacina tuberculata)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-07-2018
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.4268
A Convolutional Neural Network Bird Species Recognizer Built From Little Data by Iteratively Training, Detecting, and Labeling
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 14-03-2022
Abstract: Automatically detecting the calls of species of interest in audio recordings is a common but often challenging exercise in ecoacoustics. This challenge is increasingly being tackled with deep neural networks that generally require a rich set of training data. Often, the available training data might not be from the same geographical region as the study area and so may contain important differences. This mismatch in training and deployment datasets can impact the accuracy at deployment, mainly due to confusing sounds absent from the training data generating false positives, as well as some variation in call types. We have developed a multiclass convolutional neural network classifier for seven target bird species to track presence absence of these species over time in cotton growing regions. We started with no training data from cotton regions but we did have an unbalanced library of calls from other locations. Due to the relative scarcity of calls in recordings from cotton regions, manually scanning and labeling the recordings was prohibitively time consuming. In this paper we describe our process of overcoming this data mismatch to develop a recognizer that performs well on the cotton recordings for most classes. The recognizer was trained on recordings from outside the cotton regions and then applied to unlabeled cotton recordings. Based on the resulting outputs a verification set was chosen to be manually tagged and incorporated in the training set. By iterating this process, we were gradually able to build the training set of cotton audio ex les. Through this process, we were able to increase the average class F1 score (the harmonic mean of precision and recall) of the recognizer on target recordings from 0.45 in the first iteration to 0.74.
Improved methods for reducing translocation mortality and obtaining reliable population projections for reintroduction of the New Zealand Rifleman Acanthisitta chloris
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 15-04-2019
DOI: 10.1017/S0959270918000412
Abstract: Despite many notable successes, the failure rate of animal translocations remains high. Conservation practitioners and reintroduction specialists have emphasised the need for ongoing documentation of translocation attempts, whether successful or not, including detailed methodologies and monitoring approaches. This study reports on the first translocation of the North Island subspecies of New Zealand’s smallest bird, the endemic Rifleman Acanthisitta chloris granti . We describe an improved transfer methodology following recommendations arising from a previous translocation of South Island Rifleman Acanthisitta chloris chloris . Key modifications included a reduced capture window, shorter holding times, lack of extended aviary housing, and separation of territorial in iduals during holding. Survival from capture to release increased from 52% to 97% using this new methodology. However, only 22% of 83 released birds were found in the reserve the next breeding season, resulting in an initial breeding population of only six males and five females. An integrated Bayesian analysis of three years of subsequent population data, including a population boost from a second translocation, projected a median decrease to 0–5 females over 10 years, but with 95% prediction intervals ranging from 0 to 33. These projections explicitly account for parameter uncertainty, as well as demographic stochasticity, and illustrate the need to do so when making inferences for small reintroduced populations.
Echolocation Calls and Wing Morphology of Bats from the West Indies
Publisher: Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 06-2004
DOI: 10.3161/001.006.0106
Thermal energetics of male courtship song in a lek-breeding bat
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-02-2022
Wing morphology, echolocation calls, diet and emergence time of black-bearded tomb bats (Taphozous melanopogon, Emballonuridae) from southwest China
Publisher: Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 06-2008
Evidence for an Auditory Fovea in the New Zealand Kiwi (Apteryx mantelli)
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 24-08-2011
The conservation status of New Zealand bats, 2009
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2010
Sex-Specific Roost Selection by Bats in Clearfell Harvested Plantation Forest: Improved Knowledge Advises Management
Publisher: Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 12-2011
Development of vocalizations in the flat-headed bats, Tylonycteris pachypus and T. robustula (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
Publisher: Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 06-2005
Positive emotional contagion in a New Zealand parrot
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.CUB.2017.02.020
Abstract: Positive emotional contagions are outwardly emotive actions that spread from one in idual to another, such as glee in preschool children [1] or laughter in humans of all ages [2]. The play vocalizations of some animals may also act as emotional contagions. For ex le, artificially deafened rats are less likely to play than their non-hearing-impaired conspecifics, while no such effect is found for blinded rats [3]. As rat play vocalizations are also produced in anticipation of play, they, rather than the play itself, may act as a contagion, leading to a hypothesis of evolutionary parallels between rat play vocalizations and human laughter [4]. The kea parrot (Nestor notabilis) has complex play behaviour and a distinct play vocalization [5]. We used acoustic playback to investigate the effect of play calls on wild kea, finding that play vocalizations increase the amount of play among both juveniles and adults, likely by acting as a positive emotional contagion.
The high-output singing displays of a lekking bat encode information on body size and individual identity
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-06-2018
Kiwi Forego Vision in the Guidance of Their Nocturnal Activities
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 07-02-2007
Echolocation call production during aerial and terrestrial locomotion by New Zealand's enigmatic lesser short-tailed bat,Mystacina tuberculata
Publisher: The Company of Biologists
Date: 15-02-2010
DOI: 10.1242/JEB.039008
Abstract: Linkage of echolocation call production with contraction of flight muscles has been suggested to reduce the energetic cost of flight with echolocation, such that the overall cost is approximately equal to that of flight alone. However, the pattern of call production with limb movement in terrestrially agile bats has never been investigated. We used synchronised high-speed video and audio recordings to determine patterns of association between echolocation call production and limb motion by Mystacina tuberculata Gray 1843 as in iduals walked and flew, respectively. Results showed that there was no apparent linkage between call production and limb motion when bats walked. When in flight, two calls were produced per wingbeat, late in the downstroke and early in the upstroke. When bats walked, calls were produced at a higher rate, but at a slightly lower intensity, compared with bats in flight. These results suggest that M. tuberculata do not attempt to reduce the cost of terrestrial locomotion and call production through biomechanical linkage. They also suggest that the pattern of linkage seen when bats are in flight is not universal and that energetic savings cannot necessarily be explained by contraction of muscles associated with the downstroke alone.
Plantation forests are used by the lesser short-tailed bat,Mystacina tuberculata rhyacobia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2010
PHYLOGENETICS OF SMALL HORSESHOE BATS FROM EAST ASIA BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCE VARIATION
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-2006
Temporal and spatial distribution and habitat associations of an urban population of New Zealand long-tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus)
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-10-2014
Vocal repertoire of the New Zealand kea parrot Nestor notabilis
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-2012
Abstract: The unique alpine-living kea parrot Nestor notabilis has been the focus of numerous cognitive studies, but its communication system has so far been largely neglected. We examined 2,884 calls recorded in New Zealand’s Southern Alps. Based on audio and visual spectrographic differences, these calls were categorised into seven distinct call types: the non-oscillating ‘screech’ contact call and ‘mew’ and the oscillating ‘trill’, ‘chatter’, ‘warble’ and ‘whistle’ and a hybrid ‘screech-trill’. Most of these calls contained aspects that were in idually unique, in addition to potentially encoding for an in idual’s sex and age. Additionally, for each recording, the sender’s previous and next calls were noted, as well as any response given by conspecifics. We found that the previous and next calls made by the sender were most often of the same type, and that the next most likely preceding and/or following call type was the screech call, a contact call which sounds like the ‘kee-ah’ from which the bird’s name derives. As a social bird capable of covering large distances over visually obstructive terrain, long distance contact calls may be of considerable importance for social cohesion. Contact calls allow kea to locate conspecifics and congregate in temporary groups for social activities. The most likely response to any given call was a screech, usually followed by the same type of call as the initial call made by the sender, although responses differed depending on the age of the caller. The exception was the warble, the kea’s play call, to which the most likely response was another warble. Being the most common call type, as well as the default response to another call, it appears that the ‘contagious’ screech contact call plays a central role in kea vocal communication and social cohesion.
Females as mobile resources: communal roosts promote the adoption of lek breeding in a temperate bat
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2015
Classification of Echolocation Calls from 14 Species of Bat by Support Vector Machines and Ensembles of Neural Networks
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-07-2009
DOI: 10.3390/A2030907
Fruit-feeding behaviour and use of olfactory cues by the fruit batRousettus leschenaulti: an experimental study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2007
DOI: 10.1007/BF03194224
Identification of New Zealand bats ( Chalinolobus tuberculatus and Mystacina tuberculata ) in flight from analysis of echolocation calls b
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2001
Recent Surveys of Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from China. I. Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae
Publisher: Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 06-2009
Winter climate affects torpor patterns and roost choice in New Zealand lesser short‐tailed bats
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-07-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JZO.12486
Antennal morphology and micro‐sensory architecture of the New Zealand magpie moth, Nyctemera annulata (Lepidoptera: Erebidae ): diversity, distribution and dimor
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-06-2017
DOI: 10.1111/AEN.12279
The anatomy of the bill tip of kiwi and associated somatosensory regions of the brain: comparisons with shorebirds.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 14-11-2013
Variation in the abundance of ectoparasitic mites of flat-headed bats
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 17-02-2010
Bat detective—Deep learning tools for bat acoustic signal detection
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 08-03-2018
The sound of management: Acoustic monitoring for agricultural industries
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Assessment of the short-term success of a translocation of lesser short-tailed bats Mystacina tuberculata
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 09-07-2009
DOI: 10.3354/ESR00181
Seasonal occurrence and distribution of Bryde's whales in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2011
Temporal and spatial patterns of seed dispersal of Musa acuminata by Cynopterus sphinx
Publisher: Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 04-2007
Genetic divergence and echolocation call frequency in cryptic species of Hipposideros larvatus s.l. (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from the Indo-Malayan region
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 27-04-2006
Indicator Bats Program: A System for the Global Acoustic Monitoring of Bats
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-02-2013
Integration over song classification replicates: Song variant analysis in the hihi
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Date: 05-2015
DOI: 10.1121/1.4919329
Abstract: Human expert analyses are commonly used in bioacoustic studies and can potentially limit the reproducibility of these results. In this paper, a machine learning method is presented to statistically classify avian vocalizations. Automated approaches were applied to isolate bird songs from long field recordings, assess song similarities, and classify songs into distinct variants. Because no positive controls were available to assess the true classification of variants, multiple replicates of automatic classification of song variants were analyzed to investigate clustering uncertainty. The automatic classifications were more similar to the expert classifications than expected by chance. Application of these methods demonstrated the presence of discrete song variants in an island population of the New Zealand hihi (Notiomystis cincta). The geographic patterns of song variation were then revealed by integrating over classification replicates. Because this automated approach considers variation in song variant classification, it reduces potential human bias and facilitates the reproducibility of the results.
Terrestrial locomotion of the New Zealand short-tailed batMystacina tuberculataand the common vampire batDesmodus rotundus
Publisher: The Company of Biologists
Date: 05-2006
DOI: 10.1242/JEB.02186
Abstract: Bats (Chiroptera) are generally awkward crawlers, but the common v ire bat (Desmodus rotundus) and the New Zealand short-tailed bat(Mystacina tuberculata) have independently evolved the ability to manoeuvre well on the ground. In this study we describe the kinematics of locomotion in both species, and the kinetics of locomotion in M. tuberculata. We sought to determine whether these bats move terrestrially the way other quadrupeds do, or whether they possess altogether different patterns of movement on the ground than are observed in quadrupeds that do not fly. Using high-speed video analyses of bats moving on a treadmill, we observed that both species possess symmetrical lateral-sequence gaits similar to the kinematically defined walks of a broad range of tetrapods. At high speeds, D. rotundus use an asymmetrical bounding gait that appears to converge on the bounding gaits of small terrestrial mammals, but with the roles of the forelimbs and hindlimbs reversed. This gait was not performed by M. tuberculata. Many animals that possess a single kinematic gait shift with increasing speed from a kinetic walk (where kinetic and potential energy of the centre of mass oscillate out of phase from each other) to a kinetic run (where they oscillate in phase). To determine whether the single kinematic gait of M. tuberculata meets the kinetic definition of a walk, a run, or a gait that functions as a walk at low speed and a run at high speed, we used force plates and high-speed video recordings to characterize the energetics of the centre of mass in that species. Although oscillations in kinetic and potential energy were of similar magnitudes, M. tuberculata did not use pendulum-like exchanges of energy between them to the extent that many other quadrupedal animals do, and did not transition from a kinetic walk to kinetic run with increasing speed. The gait of M. tuberculata is kinematically a walk,but kinetically run-like at all speeds.
Morphology, echolocation and foraging behaviour in two sympatric sibling species of bat (Tylonycteris pachypus and Tylonycteris robustula) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-09-2006
Roost selection in concrete culverts by the large-footed myotis (Myotis macropus) is limited by the availability of microhabitat
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1071/ZO20033
Abstract: The large-footed myotis (Myotis macropus) is a specialist trawling bat with flexible roosting behaviour, being able to switch between caves, tree hollows and artificial roosts such as bridges, tunnels and culverts. However, little is known about how this species selects culvert roost sites in urban landscapes where hollows may be limited or absent. We surveyed 57 concrete culverts and found 21 M. macropus roosts comprising day and maternity roost sites 305 bats were captured. Colony sizes averaged 20.6 ± 17.7 (range = 4–49) for maternity roosts and 2.0 ± 0.8 (range = 1–3) for day roosts. Roost culverts differed significantly from available culverts predominantly in terms of availability of microhabitat (lift holes and crevices). Roost culverts had lift holes that had greater cavity dimensions than available culverts and crevices were found only at roost culverts. Culverts containing microhabitat were a limited resource in this urban landscape and so increasing their availability may provide more urban roost sites for this specialist species.
Anatomical Specializations for Enhanced Olfactory Sensitivity in Kiwi, Apteryx mantelli
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1159/000365564
Abstract: The ability to function in a nocturnal and ground-dwelling niche requires a unique set of sensory specializations. The New Zealand kiwi has shifted away from vision, instead relying on auditory and tactile stimuli to function in its environment and locate prey. Behavioral evidence suggests that kiwi also rely on their sense of smell, using olfactory cues in foraging and possibly also in communication and social interactions. Anatomical studies appear to support these observations: the olfactory bulbs and tubercles have been suggested to be large in the kiwi relative to other birds, although the extent of this enlargement is poorly understood. In this study, we examine the size of the olfactory bulbs in kiwi and compare them with 55 other bird species, including emus, ostriches, rheas, tinamous, and 2 extinct species of moa (Dinornithiformes). We also examine the cytoarchitecture of the olfactory bulbs and olfactory epithelium to determine if any neural specializations beyond size are present that would increase olfactory acuity. Kiwi were a clear outlier in our analysis, with olfactory bulbs that are proportionately larger than those of any other bird in this study. Emus, close relatives of the kiwi, also had a relative enlargement of the olfactory bulbs, possibly supporting a phylogenetic link to well-developed olfaction. The olfactory bulbs in kiwi are almost in direct contact with the olfactory epithelium, which is indeed well developed and complex, with olfactory receptor cells occupying a large percentage of the epithelium. The anatomy of the kiwi olfactory system supports an enhancement for olfactory sensitivities, which is undoubtedly associated with their unique nocturnal niche.
Cold and alone? Roost choice and season affect torpor patterns in lesser short-tailed bats
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-08-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S00442-016-3707-1
Abstract: Seasonal changes in weather and food availability differentially impact energy budgets of small mammals such as bats. While most thermal physiological research has focused on species that experience extreme seasonal temperature variations, knowledge is lacking from less variable temperate to subtropical climates. We quantified ambient temperature (T
The Long and Short of It: Branch Lengths and the Problem of Placing the New Zealand Short-Tailed Bat, Mystacina
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1999
Inner-Ear Morphology of the New Zealand Kiwi (Apteryx mantelli) Suggests High-Frequency Specialization
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-07-2012
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF TECHNIQUES FOR TRANSFORMING AND ANALYZING CHIROPTERAN ECHOLOCATION CALLS
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-2000
The effect of recording situation on the echolocation calls of the New Zealand lesser short‐tailed bat(Mystacina tuberculataGray)
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 1998
The influence of flight speed on the ranging performance of bats using frequency modulated echolocation pulses
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1121/1.1528175
Abstract: Many species of bat use ultrasonic frequency modulated (FM) pulses to measure the distance to objects by timing the emission and reception of each pulse. Echolocation is mainly used in flight. Since the flight speed of bats often exceeds 1% of the speed of sound, Doppler effects will lead to compression of the time between emission and reception as well as an elevation of the echo frequencies, resulting in a distortion of the perceived range. This paper describes the consequences of these Doppler effects on the ranging performance of bats using different pulse designs. The consequences of Doppler effects on ranging performance described in this paper assume bats to have a very accurate ranging resolution, which is feasible with a filterbank receiver. By modeling two receiver types, it was first established that the effects of Doppler compression are virtually independent of the receiver type. Then, used a cross-correlation model was used to investigate the effect of flight speed on Doppler tolerance and range–Doppler coupling separately. This paper further shows how pulse duration, bandwidth, function type, and harmonics influence Doppler tolerance and range–Doppler coupling. The influence of each signal parameter is illustrated using calls of several bat species. It is argued that range–Doppler coupling is a significant source of error in bat echolocation, and various strategies bats could employ to deal with this problem, including the use of range rate information are discussed.
Echolocation calls, wing shape, diet and phylogenetic diagnosis of the endemic Chinese bat Myotis pequinius
Publisher: Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 12-2006
Evolution of Brain Size in the Palaeognath Lineage, with an Emphasis on New Zealand Ratites
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 21-11-2007
DOI: 10.1159/000111456
Abstract: Brain size in vertebrates varies principally with body size. Although many studies have examined the variation of brain size in birds, there is little information on Palaeognaths, which include the ratite lineage of kiwi, emu, ostrich and extinct moa, as well as the tinamous. Therefore, we set out to determine to what extent the evolution of brain size in Palaeognaths parallels that of other birds, i.e., Neognaths, by analyzing the variation in the relative sizes of the brain and cerebral hemispheres of several species of ratites and tinamous. Our results indicate that the Palaeognaths possess relatively smaller brains and cerebral hemispheres than the Neognaths, with the exception of the kiwi radiation ( i Apteryx /i spp.). The external morphology and relatively large size of the brain of i Apteryx, /i as well as the relatively large size of its telencephalon, contrast with other Palaeognaths, including two species of historically sympatric moa, suggesting that unique selective pressures towards increasing brain size accompanied the evolution of kiwi. Indeed, the size of the cerebral hemispheres with respect to total brain size of kiwi is rivaled only by a handful of parrots and songbirds, despite a lack of evidence of any advanced behavioral/cognitive abilities such as those reported for parrots and crows. In addition, the enlargement in brain and telencephalon size of the kiwi occurs despite the fact that this is a precocial bird. These findings form an exception to, and hence challenge, the current rules that govern changes in relative brain size in birds.
Genetic divergence between isolated populations of the North Island New Zealand Rifleman (Acanthisitta chloris granti) implicates ancient biogeographic impacts rather than recent habitat fragme
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-05-2021
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.7358
Abstract: This research investigates the extent and causal mechanisms of genetic population ergence in a poorly flighted passerine, the North Island Rifleman or Titipounamu ( Acanthisitta chloris granti ). While this species has a historically widespread distribution, anthropogenic forest clearance has resulted in a highly fragmented current distribution. We conducted analyses of mitochondrial DNA (COI and Control Region) and 12 nuclear DNA microsatellites to test for population ergence and estimate times of ergence. DiyAbc and BioGeoBears were then used to assess likely past dispersal scenarios based on both mtDNA and nDNA. The results reveal several significantly ergent lineages across the North Island of New Zealand and indicate that some populations have been isolated for extensive periods of time (0.7–4.9 mya). Modeling indicated a dynamic history of population connectivity, with a drastic restriction in gene flow between three geographic regions, followed by a more recent re‐establishment of connectivity. Our analyses indicate the dynamic influence of key geological and climatological events on the distribution of genetic ersity in this species, including support for the genetic impact of old biogeographic boundaries such as the Taupo Line and Cockayne's Line, rather than recent anthropogenic habitat fragmentation. These findings present a rare ex le of an avian species with a genetic history more like that of flightless taxa and so provide new general insights into vicariant processes affecting populations of passerines with limited dispersal.
Discovery of a Lipid Synthesising Organ in the Auditory System of an Insect
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 12-12-2012
Stressful summers? Torpor expression differs between high- and low-latitude populations of bats
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 20-07-2017
Adoption of alternative habitats by a threatened, “obligate” forest-dwelling bat in a fragmented landscape
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 24-06-2015
Audiogram of the kea parrot, Nestor notabilis
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Date: 11-2016
DOI: 10.1121/1.4967757
Abstract: Vocal communication requires the sender to produce a sound, which transmits through the environment and is perceived by the receiver. Perception is dependent on the quality of the received signal and the receiver's frequency and litude sensitivity hearing sensitivity of animals can be tested using behavioural detection tasks, showing the physical limitations of sound perception. Kea parrots (Nestor notabilis) were tested for their ability to hear sounds that varied in terms of both frequency and litude by means of a simple auditory detection task. Audiograms for three kea were similar, with the region of highest sensitivity (1–5 kHz) corresponding to the frequency of the highest litude in kea calls. Compared with other parrots and other bird taxa, the overall shape of the kea audiogram follows a similar pattern. However, two potentially interesting differences to the audiograms of other birds were found: an increase in sensitivity at approximately 12 kHz and a decreased sensitivity to frequencies below 1 kHz.
The importance of exotic plantation forest for the New Zealand long-tailed bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus)
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2010
Impacts of wind energy developments on wildlife: a southern hemisphere perspective
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2013
Retinal Anatomy of the N ew Z ealand Kiwi: Structural Traits Consistent With Their Nocturnal Behavior
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-11-2014
DOI: 10.1002/AR.23080
Abstract: Kiwi (Apteryx spp.) have a visual system unlike that of other nocturnal birds, and have specializations to their auditory, olfactory, and tactile systems. Eye size, binocular visual fields and visual brain centers in kiwi are proportionally the smallest yet recorded among birds. Given the many unique features of the kiwi visual system, we examined the laminar organization of the kiwi retina to determine if they evolved increased light sensitivity with a shift to a nocturnal niche or if they retained features of their diurnal ancestor. The laminar organization of the kiwi retina was consistent with an ability to detect low light levels similar to that of other nocturnal species. In particular, the retina appeared to have a high proportion of rod photoreceptors as compared to diurnal species, as evidenced by a thick outer nuclear layer, and also numerous thin photoreceptor segments intercalated among the conical shaped cone photoreceptor inner segments. Therefore, the retinal structure of kiwi was consistent with increased light sensitivity, although other features of the visual system, such as eye size, suggest a reduced reliance on vision. The unique combination of a nocturnal retina and smaller than expected eye size, binocular visual fields, and brain regions make the kiwi visual system unlike that of any bird examined to date. Whether these features of their visual system are an evolutionary design that meets their specific visual needs or are a remnant of a kiwi ancestor that relied more heavily on vision is yet to be determined.
Morphometric Analysis of Telencephalic Structure in a Variety of Neognath and Paleognath Bird Species Reveals Regional Differences Associated with Specific Behavioral Traits
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1159/000339828
Abstract: Birds exhibit a huge array of behavior, ecology and physiology, and occupy nearly every environment on earth, ranging from the desert outback of Australia to the tropical rain forests of Panama. Some birds have adopted a fully nocturnal lifestyle, such as the barn owl and kiwi, while others, such as the albatross, spend nearly their entire life flying over the ocean. Each species has evolved unique adaptations over millions of years to function in their respective niche. In order to increase processing power or network efficiency, many of these adaptations require enlargements and/or specializations of the brain as a whole or of specific brain regions. In this study, we examine the relative size and morphology of 9 telencephalic regions in a number of Paleognath and Neognath birds and relate the findings to differences in behavior and sensory ecology. We pay particular attention to those species that have undergone a relative enlargement of the telencephalon to determine whether this relative increase in telencephalic size is homogeneous across different brain regions or whether particular regions have become differentially enlarged. The analysis indicates that changes in the relative size of telencephalic regions are not homogeneous, with every species showing hypertrophy or hypotrophy of at least one of them. The three-dimensional structure of these regions in different species was also variable, in particular that of the mesopallium in kiwi. The findings from this study provide further evidence that the changes in relative brain size in birds reflect a process of mosaic evolution.
Echolocation call intensity in the aerial hawking bat Eptesicus bottae (Vespertilionidae) studied using stereo videogrammetry
Publisher: The Company of Biologists
Date: 04-2005
DOI: 10.1242/JEB.01528
Abstract: Aerial hawking bats use intense echolocation calls to search for insect prey. Their calls have evolved into the most intense airborne animal vocalisations. Yet our knowledge about call intensities in the field is restricted to a small number of species. We describe a novel stereo videogrammetry method used to study flight and echolocation behaviour, and to measure call source levels of the aerial hawking bat Eptesicus bottae(Vespertilionidae). Bats flew close to their predicted minimum power speed. Source level increased with call duration the loudest call of E. bottae was at 133 dB peSPL. The calculated maximum detection distance for large flying objects (e.g. large prey, conspecifics) was up to 21 m. The corresponding maximum echo delay is almost exactly the duration of one wing beat in E. bottae and this also is its preferred pulse interval. These results, obtained by using videogrammetry to track bats in the field,corroborate earlier findings from other species from acoustic tracking methods.
Geographic patterns of song variation reveal timing of song acquisition in a wild avian population
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 26-05-2017
Ecology and acoustics at a large scale
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
Effects of Different Surfaces on the Perception of Prey-Generated Noise by the Indian False Vampire BatMegaderma lyra
Publisher: Museum and Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences
Date: 06-2002
DOI: 10.3161/001.004.0104
Evolution of sexual segregation in mammalian herbivores: kangaroos as marsupial models
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1071/ZO05062
Abstract: Sexual segregation is best known in sexually dimorphic ungulates. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the evolution of sexual segregation in ungulates, but all are reducible to the influence of two factors: body size and sex-specific reproductive strategy. Definitive tests of these hypotheses are lacking in ungulates because these factors are confounded, all males being somewhat larger than females. Kangaroos represent a parallel radiation of terrestrial herbivores, but their populations are composed of a spectrum of adult body sizes, ranging from small males the same size as females to large males more than twice the size. We exploited this heteromorphism to assess the independent influences of size and sex in these ungulate analogues. We conducted a preliminary study of western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) in north-western Victoria, Australia. Adult males predominately occupied grassland habitat, whereas females occurred mostly in lakebed, woodland and shrubland. Single-sex groups occurred more often than expected during the non-mating season. The diet of large males had the highest proportion of grass, and females had the least. These initial results indicate that both size and sex influence segregation in this species, confirming the worth of kangaroos as marsupial models for research into the evolution of sexual segregation.
VOCALIZATIONS OF THE NORTH ISLAND BROWN KIWI (APTERYX MANTELLI)
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-2008
Female greater wax moths reduce sexual display behavior in relation to the potential risk of predation by echolocating bats
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-2002
Competition for pollination by the lesser short‐tailed bat and its influence on the flowering phenology of some N ew Z ealand endemics
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-07-2014
DOI: 10.1111/JZO.12147
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Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE170100033
Start Date: 05-2017
End Date: 12-2024
Amount: $900,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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