ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8902-7434
Current Organisations
University of New England
,
University of Technology Sydney
,
Griffith University
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Optics And Opto-Electronic Physics | Nanotechnology | Polymers | Functional Materials | Materials Engineering | Materials Engineering Not Elsewhere Classified | Building Science and Techniques | Optical Physics | Condensed Matter Physics | Optical And Photonic Systems | Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified | Nanophotonics | Optical Physics Not Elsewhere Classified | Communications Technologies | Physical Chemistry Not Elsewhere Classified | Interior And Environmental Design | Nanotechnology | Interdisciplinary Engineering Not Elsewhere Classified | Interdisciplinary Engineering | Condensed Matter Physics—Other | Nanofabrication, Growth and Self Assembly
Plastic products (incl. Construction materials) | Energy Storage, Distribution and Supply not elsewhere classified | Energy Conservation and Efficiency not elsewhere classified | Paints | Other | Conservation and efficiency | Residential and commercial | Other | Network transmission equipment | Expanding Knowledge in Technology | Hydrogen Production from Renewable Energy | Energy Storage (excl. Hydrogen) | Polymeric materials (e.g. paints) | Energy distribution not elsewhere classified | Manufactured products not elsewhere classified | Computer hardware and electronic equipment not elsewhere classified | Coated Metal and Metal-Coated Products |
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 07-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.RAPM.2007.12.004
Abstract: Ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block is a relatively new regional anesthesia technique with few descriptions in the literature. The objective of this study was to assess the ease with which the sciatic nerve could be imaged in the midthigh region using ultrasound and to describe the anatomy surrounding the sciatic nerve at this location. In this prospective observational study, 40 patients scheduled for surgery where sciatic nerve block was indicated were scanned between the gluteal and the popliteal regions using an ultrasound machine (Vivid-i, GE Healthcare, Chalfont St. Giles, Bucks, UK). Patients then received real time ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block. Validation of the ultrasound image of the sciatic nerve was achieved using nerve stimulation. Description and confirmation of the anatomy surrounding the sciatic nerve was based on a review of anatomical texts and an anatomical study on 5 unembalmed cadavers. The sciatic nerve was identified with ultrasound and its image validated using nerve stimulation in 38 of 40 patients (95%). In 15 patients (37.5%) nerve stimulation was required to confirm identification of the sciatic nerve. Surrounding muscles (biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, and adductor magnus) and fascial planes (lateral intermuscular septum) were identified as sonographic landmarks and were confirmed in the anatomical study. Ultrasonic identification of the sciatic nerve at the midthigh level can be achieved however, in this study, 37.5% of patients required nerve stimulation to confirm its sonographic appearance. Target nerve localization and the subsequent performance of the sciatic nerve block may be enhanced by recognition of surrounding muscular and fascial structures which were also identified using ultrasound.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 03-11-2003
DOI: 10.1117/12.505603
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-05-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S40279-023-01862-9
Abstract: Cancer-related pain is common and undertreated. Exercise is known to have a pain-relieving effect in non-cancer pain. This systematic review aimed to evaluate (1) the effect of exercise on cancer-related pain in all cancers, and (2) whether the effect of exercise differed according to exercise mode, degree of supervision, intervention duration and timing (during or after cancer treatment), pain types, measurement tool and cancer type. Electronic searches were undertaken in six databases to identify exercise studies evaluating pain in people with cancer, published prior to 11 January 2023. All stages of screening and data extraction were conducted independently by two authors. The Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials (RoB 2) was used and overall strength of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Meta-analyses were performed overall and by study design, exercise intervention and pain characteristics. In total, 71 studies reported in 74 papers were eligible for inclusion. The overall meta-analysis included 5877 participants and showed reductions in pain favouring exercise (standardised mean difference − 0.45 95% confidence interval − 0.62, − 0.28). For most ( 82%) of the subgroup analyses, the direction of effect favoured exercise compared with usual care, with effect sizes ranging from small to large (median effect size − 0.35 range − 0.03 to − 1.17). The overall strength of evidence for the effect of exercise on cancer-related pain was very low. The findings provide support that exercise participation does not worsen cancer-related pain and that it may be beneficial. Better pain categorisation and inclusion of more erse cancer populations in future research would improve understanding of the extent of benefit and to whom. CRD42021266826.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 14-02-1992
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 21-04-1993
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 02-06-2011
DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/44/25/255102
Abstract: The optical response of growing silver thin films undergoes a transition dominated by three distinct plasmonic modes, two localized and one delocalized. Their admix as a function of added mass is analysed. The onset of the delocalized or Drude mode occurs before the sharp electrical percolation transition so optically the full insulator–metal transition is broadened. A scaling explanation supported by images shows Ag islands only have to link up over 200–300 nm to yield partial delocalization. The localized modes are (i) from silver nano-islands and (ii) a transitional anomalous mode, peaking near the dc critical percolation point, from islands surrounded by network. Growing silver within a multilayer oxide stack is compared with that on glass. The transition in thermal emittance matches that in the delocalized mode. Its broadening enables practical tuning of intermediate emittance by varying mass.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 21-12-1974
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-04-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S12891-022-05282-0
Abstract: Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of musculoskeletal pain. Exercise is a core recommended treatment. Most evidence is based on muscle-strengthening exercise, but aerobic physical activity has potential to enhance clinical benefits. The primary aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that adding aerobic physical activity to a muscle strengthening exercise leads to significantly greater reduction in hip pain and improvements in physical function, compared to a lower-limb muscle strengthening exercise program alone at 3 months. This is a superiority, 2-group, parallel randomised controlled trial including 196 people with symptomatic hip OA from the community. Following baseline assessment, participants are randomly allocated to receive either i) aerobic physical activity and muscle strengthening exercise or ii) muscle strengthening exercise only. Participants in both groups receive 9 consultations with a physiotherapist over 3 months. Both groups receive a progressive muscle strengthening exercise program in addition to advice about OA management. The aerobic physical activity plan includes a prescription of moderate intensity aerobic physical activity with a goal of attaining 150 min per week. Primary outcomes are self-reported hip pain assessed on an 11-point numeric rating scale (0 = ‘no pain’ and 10 = ‘worst pain possible’) and self-reported physical function (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index physical function subscale) at 3 months. Secondary outcomes include other measures of self-reported pain (assessed at 0, 3, 9 months), self-reported physical function (assessed at 0, 3, 9 months), performance-based physical function (assessed at 0, 3 months), joint stiffness (assessed at 0, 3, 9 months), quality of life (assessed at 0, 3, 9 months), muscle strength (assessed at 0, 3 months), and cardiorespiratory fitness (assessed at 0, 3 months). Other measures include adverse events, co-interventions, and adherence. Measures of body composition, serum inflammatory biomarkers, quantitative sensory measures, anxiety, depression, fear of movement and self-efficacy are included to explore causal mechanisms. Findings will assist to provide an evidence-based recommendation regarding the additional effect of aerobic physical activity to lower-limb muscle strengthening on hip OA pain and physical function. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry reference: ACTRN 12619001297112. Registered 20th September 2019.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-02-2018
DOI: 10.1002/EJP.1199
Abstract: Gluteal tendinopathy is the most common lower limb tendinopathy presenting to general practice. It has a high prevalence amongst middle-aged women and impacts on daily activities, work participation and quality of life. The aim was to compare physical and psychological characteristics between subgroups of severity of pain and disability. A multicentre cross-sectional cohort of 204 participants (mean age 55 years, 82% female) who had a clinical diagnosis of gluteal tendinopathy with magnetic resonance imaging confirmation were assessed. A range of physical and psychosocial characteristics were recorded. Pain and disability were measured with the VISA-G questionnaire. A cluster analysis was used to identify mild, moderate and severe subgroups based on total VISA-G scores. Between-group differences were then evaluated with a MANCOVA, including sex and study site as covariates, followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test. Significance was set at 0.05. There were significantly higher pain catastrophizing and depression scores in the more severe subgroups. Lower pain self-efficacy scores were found in the severe group compared to the moderate and mild groups. Greater waist girth and body mass index (BMI), lower activity levels and poorer quality of life were reported in the severe group compared to the mild group. Hip abductor muscle strength and hip circumference did not differ between subgroups of severity. In iduals with severe gluteal tendinopathy present with psychological distress, poorer quality of life, greater BMI and waist girth. Given these features, the consideration of psychological factors in more severe patients may be important to optimize patient outcomes and reduce healthcare utilization. Patients with severe gluteal tendinopathy exhibit greater psychological distress, poorer quality of life and greater waist girth and BMI when compared to less severe cases. This implies that clinicians ought to consider psychological factors in the management of more severe gluteal tendinopathy.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 13-02-2023
DOI: 10.3389/FPAIN.2023.1095377
Abstract: This qualitative study aimed to explore experiences of women with persistent pain following breast cancer treatment, including their perceptions about the cause of their pain, how they manage their pain and their interactions with healthcare providers related to their pain during and following breast cancer treatment. Fourteen women who experienced pain for more than 3 months following breast cancer treatment were recruited from the general breast cancer survivorship community. Focus groups and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted by one interviewer, audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analysed using Framework Analysis. Three main descriptive themes emerged from the interview transcripts: (1) characteristics of pain, (2) interactions with healthcare providers and (3) pain management. Women had various types and degrees of persistent pain, all of which they believed were related to breast cancer treatment. Most felt like they were not given enough information pre- or post-treatment and believed their experience and ability to cope with pain would have been better if they were given accurate information and advice about (the possibility of) experiencing persistent pain. Pain management strategies ranged from trial and error approaches, to pharmacotherapy, and to ‘just coping with the pain”. These findings highlight the importance of the provision of empathetic supportive care before, during and after cancer treatment that can facilitate access to relevant information, multidisciplinary care teams (including allied health professionals) and consumer support.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1925
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 15-08-1994
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1999
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-03-1991
DOI: 10.1063/1.348474
Abstract: A useful magnitude of angular selective transmittance of incident unpolarized light is demonstrated in obliquely deposited aluminum. Required deposition procedures and anisotropic optical properties are discussed. Angular selectivity is very strong at visible wavelengths but both experiment and theory indicate that a single oblique layer with well defined columns gives high transmittance at near-infrared wavelengths compared with normal films. There are ways of reducing this to enhance the energy control capability. Both solar and luminous angular selectivity are reported.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 30-11-2009
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/1/015203
Abstract: Anomalous strong resonances in silver and gold nanoporous thin films which conduct are found to arise from isolated metal nano-islands separated from the surrounding percolating metal network by a thin loop of insulator. This observed resonant optical response is modelled. The observed peak position is in agreement with the observed average dimensions of the silver core and insulator shell. As the insulating ring thickness shrinks, the resonance moves to longer wavelengths and strengthens. This structure is the Babinet's principle counterpart of dielectric core-metal shell nanoparticles embedded in dielectric. Like for the latter, tuning of resonant absorption is possible, but here the matrix reflects rather than transmits, and tuning to longer wavelengths is more practical. A new class of metal mirror occurring as a single thin layer is identified using the same resonances in dense metal mirrors. Narrow band deep localized dips in reflectance result.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-1992
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 14-06-2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3455331
Abstract: Oxide coated metal nanoparticles buried within a thin metal layer support a surface plasmon resonance. A local dip occurs in spectral reflectance along with a switching off of the film’s plasmonic response. Models are introduced in which these resonances are tunable by altering the ratio of oxide thickness to core particle radius. The optical response of two experimental ex les is presented and modeled using effective medium theory. Beyond the resonance zone the doped layer switches back to the plasmonic response of a nanoporous version of the host metal whose effective plasma frequency arises only from the percolating component.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 04-12-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1989
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 06-2022
Abstract: Photons excited into ground state modes at finite temperature display partitioning among photon phases, lifetimes and distances travelled since creation. These distributions set the distance from an interface a created photon has some chance of emission. Excited photons have phase velocity set by their mode’s propagation index n which sets mode density then internal energy contribution. All photons that strike an interface obliquely if emitted are refracted, and their exit intensities are irreversible except when weak internal attenuation occurs. Attenuation index k near zero degrees is small, so reversibility is approximate. As temperature rises refraction of exiting photons varies. Total emission remains reversible after transitioning through a nonequilibrium state with no other heat inputs. In equilibrium the densities of excitations that create and annihilate photons are in balance with photon densities, and emissivity dependent on n, k, temperature, and internal incident direction. Exit intensities from pure water and crystalline silica are modelled. They contain strong resonant intensities, and match data accurately. Intrinsic resonances formed within liquids and compounds are due to photon modes hybridising with localized excitations, including molecular oscillations and the anharmonic component of lattice distortions. They explain the many resonant spectral intensities seen in remote sensing. Each hybrid oscillator is a photonic virtual bound state whose energy fluctuates between levels separated by hf. Other features addressed are radiance when solid angle changes at exit, anomalous refraction, thermal recycling of internally reflected photons, fluxes within multilayers, and enhanced internal heat flux from phonon drag by photon density gradients under an external temperature gradient.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1982
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-01-2010
DOI: 10.1021/NL903271D
Abstract: Nanoparticles that have narrow absorption bands that lie entirely within the atmosphere's transparent window from 7.9 to 13 mum can be used to radiatively cool to temperatures that are well below ambient. Heating from incoming atmospheric radiation in the remainder of the Planck radiation spectrum, where the atmosphere is nearly "black", is reduced if the particles are dopants in infrared transmitting polymers, or in transmitting coatings on low emittance substrates. Crystalline SiC nanoparticles stand out with a surface phonon resonance from 10.5 to 13 mum clear of the atmospheric ozone band. Resonant SiO(2) nanoparticles are complementary, absorbing from 8 to 10 mum, which includes atmospheric ozone emissions. Their spectral location has made SiC nanoparticles in space dust a feature in ground-based IR astronomy. Optical properties are presented and subambient cooling performance analyzed for doped polyethylene on aluminum. A mixture of SiC and SiO(2) nanoparticles yields high performance cooling at low cost within a practical cooling rig.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 28-12-2005
DOI: 10.1117/12.638126
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 07-1998
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-03-1977
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1998
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-12-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2202278
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-04-1985
DOI: 10.1063/1.95485
Abstract: Semitransparent gold films under 10 nm thick were produced with ion plating onto glass and were shown to give improvements, depending on thickness, for either solar control or transparent heat-mirror applications relative to conventional deposits. Film inhomogeneities, modified gold optical constants, and ion-beam assisted onset of film coalescence all play an important role. An anomalously large frequency dependence of conduction electron relaxation time was identified in a continuous film from a Drude analysis.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 04-1992
DOI: 10.1063/1.1143795
Abstract: We describe a simple and inexpensive potentiostat, incorporating current boosting and filtering circuitry for use in the study of coloration and bleaching in electrochromic thin films. The system is sufficiently flexible to permit utilization in other electrochemical applications.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2006
Abstract: The optical properties of some nanoscale composites may deviate from that expected from a simple law of mixture of their in idual components. In these cases the resulting structure can be considered to be a type of “metamaterial”. Here we explore some of the possibilities for nanoscale composite structures comprised of gold and VO 2 – the latter being a functional material that undergoes a reversible insulator to metallic phase transition at 68°C. Two microstructures are examined: aggregates of gold nanoparticles surrounded by VO 2 as the continuous phase, and its geometric inverse, mesoporous gold sponge with discontinuous VO 2 inclusions. A composite, right-angled parallelepiped measuring 40×100×100 nm is taken as representative of the mixture, and calculations of the optical properties performed using the discrete dipole approximation code of Draine and Flatau. The VO 2 matrix strongly attenuates the dipole-dipole plasmon resonance of the gold structure, and thermochromic switching of the remaining plasmon resonance occurs
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1986
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 28-04-1997
DOI: 10.1063/1.118821
Abstract: The Maxwell–Garnett class of effective medium model applies if a representative cell can be found whose polarization vanishes upon insertion in the effective medium. For an anisotropic composite with randomly distributed ellipsoidal particles aligned along the principal axis, this leads to electrostatic restraints on the shape of such cells. It is shown that the cell boundary must have different depolarization factors to the inclusion within the cell. Practice is to equate them. A new physically correct ellipsometric modeling routine still with only two fitting parameters is demonstrated.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 06-09-2017
DOI: 10.1117/12.2273548
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 10-05-2012
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 13-03-1989
DOI: 10.1063/1.100757
Abstract: Thin Cr films were made by oblique-angle evaporation onto glass. Electron microscopy showed an inclined columnar microstructure. Spectrophotometry yielded a strongly angular-selective p-polarized transmittance, consistent with recent theoretical notions, of potential interest for energy-efficient windows.
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 31-12-1996
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 09-1979
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 31-08-2006
DOI: 10.1117/12.680246
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 09-04-2001
DOI: 10.1063/1.1359489
Abstract: Obliquely deposited metal films which are nearly continuous, displaying several unexpected solar optical properties. Transmittance intensity, spectral character, preferred direction of incidence, and polarization sensitivity, infer processes which effective-medium models based solely on “interior” properties cannot describe. Amplified transmittance through voids around 20 nm wide involving near surface excitations can explain the data.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1985
DOI: 10.1016/0165-0173(85)90009-8
Abstract: When nigro-striatal and meso-cortical neurons degenerate there is a loss of dopamine in the terminal fields and an accumulation of amines in the axons of these systems as they traverse the hypothalamus through the medial forebrain bundle. Traditional lines of thought have attributed the occurrence of motor and consummatory deficits which occur after dopamine neuron degeneration to the loss of functional dopamine neurotransmitter in the terminal fields. However, we have hypothesized that hypothalamic amine accumulation represents an area of brain tissue where processes such as neurotransmitter release, ephaptic transmission or local axon swelling may be affecting adjacent neurons and may thereby participate in the production of behavioural deficits. There is a considerable amount of evidence from studies on both peripheral and central catecholamine-containing neurons indicating that when their axons degenerate a release of functional neurotransmitter can occur. Information from neuropharmacological studies indicates that several drugs which facilitate behavioural recovery from dopamine-depleting lesions may do so by affecting amine release or receptor sensitivity near areas of accumulation rather than depleted terminal fields. We conclude that amine accumulation is a component of dopamine neuron degeneration which should be considered when assessing the role of the central catecholamine systems in the control of various behavioural and physiological processes.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-02-1989
DOI: 10.1063/1.342940
Abstract: The optical properties (n,k,ε,neff) of chemically ordered a-Si1−xCx:H alloys have been measured and then analyzed with the effective-medium theory. Included is the first experimental result for an amorphous binary semiconductor that is known to be almost fully chemically ordered, and represented by the formula a-SiC0.64:H. Chemical order is induced by heavy dilution of the plasma with hydrogen. Chemical ordering shifts absorption to shorter wavelengths. Analysis using a scaling theory to define optical constants of different tetrahedron components leads to serious errors in the a-Si1−xCx:H series.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 04-2021
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2020-044934
Abstract: To explore participants’ perspectives on, and experiences of, being assigned to a wait-and-see arm of a gluteal tendinopathy trial. Descriptive qualitative. General community in Brisbane and Melbourne, Australia. Fifteen participants who had been randomly allocated to the wait-and-see group in a recent parallel group superiority clinical trial. That trial compared the wait-and-see approach to a physiotherapist-led education plus exercise approach, and an ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection. The wait-and-see approach involved one physiotherapy session in which participants received reassurance, general advice and encouragement to stay active for the management of gluteal tendinopathy. Semistructured interviews were conducted by four interviewers in person or over the internet, audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and data analysed using an inductive thematic approach. Five themes were extracted from the interview transcripts: (1) Feeling disenfranchised by being assigned to a wait-and-see approach (2) the importance of having a clinical and imaging diagnosis during screening for inclusion into the clinical trial (3) feelings regarding the effectiveness of the approach (4) the convenient and easy to follow nature of the wait-and-see approach and (5) the connotation of wait-and-see not always being perceived as an intervention. Participants found the wait-and-see approach convenient and easy to follow, yet almost always felt disenfranchised that nothing was being done. Participants highlighted the importance of a definite clinical and imaging diagnosis. ACTRN12612001126808 Post-results.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1986
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-10-1987
DOI: 10.1063/1.339300
Abstract: The variations in conductivity, under illumination of amorphous semiconductors, is examined as a function of the dark Fermi level (EF) using a simple, generally accurate approach which eliminates the need for a complete numerical solution of equations covering generation, recombination, and trapping. The enhanced photoconduction on doping is readily quantified along with the reduced photosensitivity (total to dark conductivity ratio). Various models can be more readily assessed. Predictions are examined in detail for the often used exponential gap state model. The associated Rose model result for the intensity dependence is seen to be an asymptotic limit which becomes less applicable as dark conductivity increases. Temperature dependence is also examined. Emphasis is on doping, but contrasts are also drawn between the effects of a homogeneous and inhomogeneous shift in dark activation energy. The reduction in the exponent γ for the intensity dependence is far more pronounced when external fields modify the dark conductivity.
Publisher: American Vacuum Society
Date: 03-1981
DOI: 10.1116/1.570790
Abstract: Photodesorption of CO and CO2 has been studied on black chrome solar absorbing coatings. It is shown that the desorption is a quantum effect with possible basis in the photo-hole model applicable to semiconductor surfaces, but with yields similar to that reported for photodesorption from metals.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 17-01-2022
DOI: 10.2196/32627
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major problem globally. First-line management comprises education and self-management strategies. Online support groups may be a low-cost method of facilitating self-management. The aim of this randomized controlled pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility of the study design and implementation of an evidence-informed, expert-moderated, peer-to-peer online support group (My Knee Community) for people with knee OA. The impacts on psychological determinants of self-management, selected self-management behaviors, and health outcomes were secondary investigations. This mixed methods study evaluated study feasibility (participant recruitment, retention, and costs), experimental intervention feasibility (acceptability and fidelity to the proposed design, including perceived benefit, satisfaction, and member engagement), psychological determinants (eg, self-efficacy and social support), behavioral measures, health outcomes, and harms. Of a total of 186, 63 (33.9%) participants (41/63, 65% experimental and 22/63, 35% control) with self-reported knee OA were recruited from 186 volunteers. Experimental group participants were provided membership to My Knee Community, which already had existing nonstudy members, and were recommended a web-based education resource (My Joint Pain). The control group received the My Joint Pain website recommendation only. Participants were not blinded to their group allocation or the study interventions. Participant-reported data were collected remotely using web-based questionnaires. A total of 10 experimental group participants also participated in semistructured interviews. The transcribed interview data and all forum posts by the study participants were thematically analyzed. Study feasibility was supported by acceptable levels of retention however, there were low levels of engagement with the support group by participants: 15% (6/41) of participants did not log in at all the median number of times visited was 4 times per participant only 29% (12/41) of participants posted, and there were relatively low levels of activity overall on the forum. This affected the results for satisfaction (overall mean 5.9/10, SD 2.7) and perceived benefit (17/31, 55%: yes). There were no differences among groups for quantitative outcomes. The themes discussed in the interviews were connections and support, information and advice, and barriers and facilitators. Qualitative data suggest that there is potential for people to derive benefit from connecting with others with knee OA by receiving support and assisting with unmet informational needs. Although a large-scale study is feasible, the intervention implementation was considered unsatisfactory because of low levels of activity and engagement by members. We recommend that expectations about the support group need to be made clear from the outset. Additionally, the platform design needs to be more engaging and rewarding, and membership should only be offered to people willing to share their personal stories and who are interested in learning from the experiences of others. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001230145 anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377958
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 03-2006
DOI: 10.1191/1365782806LI151OA
Abstract: The transmittance and irradiance distribution at the exit aperture of a cylindrical mirror light pipe (MLP) have been measured and calculated for the cases of collimated and diffuse inputs. MLPs are an ex le of a nonimaging optical system that can concentrate light, which may give rise to problematic hotspots and glare either on any diffuser used at the exit aperture or in the illuminated room. It is shown in this work that use of a diffuser at the entrance aperture overcomes these problems without a marked reduction in transmission of a typical MLP.
Publisher: Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)
Date: 19-10-2023
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-01-1986
DOI: 10.1063/1.336615
Abstract: Very thin gold films were prepared on glass by ion plating (IP) and by conventional evaporation (CE). Below a certain thickness—∼9 nm for IP and ∼15 nm for CE—the films comprised a metal network above this thickness we found uniform films. Optical properties were recorded by spectrophotometry. Conspicuous near-infrared transmittance plateaus were seen in network films. This effect is conducive to high solar transmission. The spectral features were explained from effective medium theories based on the film structure. The uniform films were consistent with the Drude theory, provided that an anomalously large frequency dependence of the relaxation energy was invoked. Significant induced transmission was found in calculations on dielectric/gold/dielectric coatings. Our results lead to improved noble-metal-based transparent infrared reflectors for potential use on energy efficient windows.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1985
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 14-12-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2010
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 03-1996
DOI: 10.1063/1.361131
Abstract: Theoretical results recently obtained for polarizability of intersecting spherical particles have been compared with those for polarizability of intersecting cardioidal particles resembling the spherical shape. Calculations based on a modified Parseval Rule have been performed for a number of metals in a dielectric matrix in a quasistatic approximation. A large difference in the polarizabilities has been found in spite of a striking similarity in their shapes. An unexpected small value for both the real and the imaginary part of the polarizability of cardioidal shaped metal particles occurs at wavelengths where simple metal spheres absorb strongly. A Maxwell-Garnett model has been used to compare the optical properties of composite materials containing the cardioidal and intersecting spherical particles of interest. It has been found that a composite containing cardioid shaped particles in a dielectric matrix can have an unusual response. Its absorption is very close to zero, while the refractive index is close to that of the fully dense host.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 21-04-2006
DOI: 10.1117/12.661198
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 1998
DOI: 10.1109/3.704325
Publisher: Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)
Date: 11-2015
Abstract: Study Design Systematic review. Objectives To elucidate if there is sensitization of the nervous system in those with persistent rotator cuff (shoulder), lateral elbow, patellar, and Achilles tendinopathies. Background Tendinopathy can be difficult to treat, and persistent intractable pain and dysfunction are frequent. It is hypothesized that induction or maintenance of persistent pain in tendinopathy may be, at least in part, based on changes in the nervous system. Methods The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Relevant articles were identified through a computerized search in Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science, followed by a manual search of reference lists of retained articles. To be eligible, studies had to include quantitative sensory testing and evaluate in iduals diagnosed with a persistent tendinopathy of the rotator cuff (shoulder), lateral elbow, patella, or Achilles tendon. Methodological quality assessment was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results In total, 16 full-text articles met the criteria for inclusion, of which the majority were case-control studies with heterogeneous methodological quality. No studies on Achilles tendinopathy were found. Mechanical algometry was the predominant quantitative sensory testing used. Lowered pressure pain threshold was observed across different tendinopathies at the site of tendinopathy, as well as at other sites, the latter being suggestive of central sensitization. Conclusion Although more research on sensory abnormalities is warranted, it appears likely that there is an association between persistent tendon pain and sensitization of the nervous system. This evidence is primarily from studies of upper-limb tendinopathy, and caution should be exercised with inference to lower-limb tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015 (11):864-875. Epub 21 Sep 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5895.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 11-2021
Abstract: Musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently after road traffic crashes (RTCs), and the effect on work participation is not fully understood. The primary aim of this review was to determine the impact of sustaining a musculoskeletal injury during an RTC on the rate of return to work (RTW), sick leave, and other work outcomes. The secondary aim was to determine factors associated with these work-related outcomes. An electronic search of relevant databases to identify observational studies related to work and employment, RTC, and musculoskeletal injuries was conducted. Where possible, outcome data were pooled by follow-up period to answer the primary aim. Fifty-three studies were included in this review, of which 28 were included in meta-analyses. The pooled rate of RTW was 70% at 1 month, 67% at 3 months, 76% at 6 months, 83% at 12 months, and 70% at 24 months. Twenty-seven percent of participants took some sick leave by one month follow-up, 13% by 3 months, 23% by 6 months, 36% by 12 months, and 22% by 24 months. Most of the factors identified as associated with work outcomes were health-related, with some evidence also for sociodemographic factors. While 70% of people with RTC-related musculoskeletal injury RTW shortly after accident, many still have not RTW two years later.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 02-08-1999
DOI: 10.1063/1.124463
Abstract: Using cathodic arc deposition with 700 eV nitrogen ion assistance, metallic response in TiNx thin films to at least N/Ti=1.3 is found. Metallic behavior is usually limited to N/Ti ratios just above 1.1. Defects are almost exclusively Ti vacancies which further enhances optical changes. The resulting large shift in onset of Drude reflection to longer wavelengths enhances the view, daylighting, and environmental performance of a coated window relative to stoichiometric TiN films on glass.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-09-2017
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 30-08-2017
DOI: 10.1117/12.2273528
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 09-09-1994
DOI: 10.1117/12.185374
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2004
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-05-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1980
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 30-04-2010
DOI: 10.1117/12.853218
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 23-08-1995
DOI: 10.1117/12.217340
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2007
Abstract: For real diffuse surfaces, the bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is non-Lambertian, and may require a more complex model in ray tracing simulations. The BRDF of a diffuse white surface is studied at multiple angles of incidence, and an additional reflectance component is observed, which becomes more specular as the angle of incidence increases. For angles of incidence °, the BRDF may be regarded as specular. In this article, a two-part model is proposed in which the BRDF of a diffuse surface consists of a Lambertian diffuse component and a Lorentzian pseudo-specular component — both of which vary with angle of incidence. This model may be used to reduce computation times for ray tracing simulations, as an alternative to large three-dimensional BRDF datasets.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-09-2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.772786
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2006
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-1986
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1117/1.3079405
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 05-12-1988
DOI: 10.1063/1.100254
Abstract: Electron energy-loss spectroscopy was used to study the nature of chemical bonding in a-Si1−xCx:H films produced by rf glow discharge decomposition of SiH4/CH4 mixtures with hydrogen dilution. The low-loss region, the Si L edge, and the C K edge were studied. It was found that near stoichiometric films have a high degree of Si to C bonding and that substoichiometric films show some C to C sp2 bonding. A free-electron model was used to interpret the variation of plasmon energy of these films with composition.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 10-1980
DOI: 10.1063/1.327475
Abstract: An in depth characterization of the electrodeposited solar absorber black chrome resulting in refinement of the microstructural model of the coating is presented in light of current studies in valence band Auger electron spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal desorption spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and the chromium electrodeposition mechanism. Through the presented model, the structural and chemical parameters of the coating are linked to its optical response with the degradation of the optical response at elevated temperatures related to changes in these parameters. The degradation process is ided into two distinct phases. First, upon heating to low temperatures (≲300 °C) the chromium hydroxide localized on the surface and within the microstructure of the film decomposes producing H2O and chromium oxide leaving an expected microvoid-metallic particle structure. Heating to temperatures in excess of 300 °C leads to the second degradation phase. The fine chromium crystallites comprising the film undergo oxidation and the metallic chromium component, responsible for the intrinsic optical absorption, is diminished. The optical model of the solar absorbing film has been refined within the effective medium approach to account for the flat response in the visible part of the spectrum.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1989
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-09-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S13047-022-00573-0
Abstract: Variable eligibility criteria across studies on plantar heel pain may result in compromising the generalisability of meta-analyses when heterogeneity is not accounted for. We aimed to explore: (i) heterogeneity of participant eligibility criteria in studies that have investigated plantar heel pain, and (ii) associations between key eligibility criteria and the characteristics of the participants included in the study. In this systematic review with narrative synthesis, we extracted participant eligibility criteria, and participants’ age, body mass index (BMI), symptom duration and pain level from published studies on plantar heel pain. We performed a content analysis of criteria and aligned overarching criteria to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). We pooled studies that used the same thresholds for participant eligibility criteria into sub-groups. We also pooled and reported studies that did not have any eligibility criteria for the quantitative characteristics to use their data for reference values and pooled studies that did not have any eligibility criteria for the characteristics as reference. Two hundred and fourteen articles were included. The most reported participant eligibility criteria (as aligned to the ICF) related to body structures/function and personal factors. Age, BMI, symptom duration and pain level were used with various ranges and/or thresholds across studies (age was reported in 23 different ways across 97 studies BMI 7/13 symptom duration 14/100 and pain level 8/31). When eligibility criteria included thresholds close to the reference value of a participant characteristic, characteristics were associated with criteria (e.g., younger participants when an upper age threshold was used). Participant eligibility criteria in studies on plantar heel pain vary widely studies differed substantially in their use of quantitative thresholds. Participant characteristics of s les in studies were associated with the criteria used. This study emphasises a need for adjusting for participant heterogeneity in systematic reviews to improve their validity.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1983
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1999
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-11-2001
DOI: 10.1117/12.448254
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-2006
DOI: 10.1191/1365782806LI162OA
Abstract: A general Monte Carlo ray-tracing method for light guides with particles randomly dispersed in a matrix material is presented. Previous ray-tracing approaches have been designed for undoped cylindrical light guides, where a propagating ray is deviated by total internal reflection only. These geometrical principles are extended and further developed into a method of ray-tracing suitable for particle-doped systems. Redefining ray direction after deviation by a particle, obtaining ray/wall intercept points and angles, and calculation of ray reflection angles from a cylindrical surface are described. Simulations of light from a source LED traced through TRIMM-doped (Transparent Refractive Index Matched Micro-Particle) polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) light guides have been performed. Distributions of the light exiting the walls of two concentrations of TRIMM-doped light guides are given, as an ex le of an application of the described ray-tracing method.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1995
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 20-08-2009
DOI: 10.1117/12.828125
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1990
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-10-1993
DOI: 10.1117/12.161983
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-10-1993
DOI: 10.1117/12.161982
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1981
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1996
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 09-1995
DOI: 10.1117/12.218324
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 03-12-2019
DOI: 10.2196/15987
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, disabling, and prevalent disorder. As there is no cure for OA, long-term self-management is paramount. Support groups (SGs) can facilitate self-management among people living with OA. Understanding preferences in design and features of SGs, including online SGs (OSGs), among people with OA can inform future development of SG interventions for this condition. The objective of this study was to investigate health care– and health information–seeking behavior, digital literacy, and preferences for the design of SGs in people with OA. The study also explored the perceived barriers and enablers to being involved in OSGs. An online survey study was conducted with a mixed method design (quantitative and qualitative). In iduals aged ≥45 years with knee, hip, or back pain for ≥3 months were recruited from an extant patient database of the Institute of Bone and Joint Research via email invitations. Quantitative elements of the survey included questions about sociodemographic background health care– and health information–seeking behavior digital literacy and previous participation in, and preferences for, SGs and OSGs. Respondents were classified into 2 groups (Yes-SG and No-SG) based on previous participation or interest in an SG. Group differences were assessed with Chi-square tests (significance level set at 5%). Responses to free-text questions relating to preferences regarding OSG engagement were analyzed qualitatively using an inductive thematic analysis. A total of 415 people with OA completed the survey (300/415, 72.3% females 252/415, 61.0% lived in a major city). The Yes-SG group included 307 (307/415, 73.9%) participants. Between the Yes-SG and No-SG groups, there were no differences in sociodemographic characteristics, health care– and health information–seeking behavior, and digital literacy. An online format was preferred by 126/259 (48.7%) of the Yes-SG group. Trained peer facilitators were preferred, and trustworthiness of advice and information were highly prioritized by the respondents. Qualitative analysis for OSG participation revealed 5 main themes. Lack of time and motivation were the main barriers identified. The main enablers were related to accessibility, enjoyment of the experience, and the content of the discussed information. These findings highlight the preferences in design features and content of SGs and OSGs and may assist in the further development of such groups.
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1117/1.3549225
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1985
DOI: 10.1007/BF00616552
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1986
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2002
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 11-1979
DOI: 10.1063/1.91249
Abstract: The treatment of an array of small metal particles as a continuous effective medium is shown to be possible for visible and near infrared frequencies at much larger particle sizes and separations than often supposed. Specific upper limits are evaluated for chromium. Results are based on the strongly correlated model. For this, the usual topology, variation, and attenuation of the field strength over average unit cell dimensions are permissible, provided such variations are characteristic of the effective medium as a whole. As wavelength decreases, the leading contribution to diffuse scattering off such composite films should come from terms proportional to λ−8 not the Rayleigh term.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-11-2001
DOI: 10.1117/12.448263
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1983
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 05-12-2022
Abstract: The objectives of this work were to (i) describe upper-body symptoms post-breast cancer (ii) explore the relationship between symptoms and upper-body function, breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL), physical activity levels, and quality of life and (iii) determine whether the presence of upper-body symptoms predicts BCRL. Nine symptoms, upper-body function, lymphoedema, physical activity, and quality of life were assessed in women with invasive breast cancer at baseline (2- to 9-months post-diagnosis n = 2442), and at 2- and 7-years post-diagnosis. Mann–Whitney tests, unpaired t-tests, and chi-squared analyses were used to assess cross-sectional relationships, while regression analyses were used to assess the predictive relationships between symptoms at baseline, and BCRL at 2- and 7-years post-diagnosis. Symptoms are common post-breast cancer and persist at 2- and 7-years post-diagnosis. Approximately two in three women, and one in three women, reported symptoms of at least mild severity, and of at least moderate severity, respectively. The presence of symptoms is associated with poorer upper-body function, and lower physical activity levels and quality of life. One or more symptoms of at least moderate severity increases the odds of developing BCRL by 2- and 7-years post-diagnosis (p 0.05). Consequently, improved monitoring and management of symptoms following breast cancer have the potential to improve health outcomes.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 19-09-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2022794
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1995
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 15-05-1988
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1989
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2007
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 27-05-2005
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 09-1992
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 22-03-2022
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002918
Abstract: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of exercise on (i) the prevention of cancer-related lymphedema (CRL) and (ii) the treatment of CRL, lymphedema-associated symptoms, and other health outcomes among in iduals with CRL. An electronic search was undertaken for exercise studies measuring lymphedema and involving in iduals at risk of developing or with CRL. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality scale was used to assess study quality, and overall quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate effects of exercise on CRL incidence, existing CRL status, lymphedema-associated symptoms, and health outcomes. Twelve studies ( n = 1955 75% moderate-high quality) and 36 studies ( n = 1741 58% moderate-high quality) were included in the prevention and treatment aim, respectively. Relative risk of developing CRL for those in the exercise group compared with the nonexercise group was 0.90 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.72 to 1.13) overall and 0.49 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.85) for those with five or more lymph nodes removed. For those with CRL in the exercise group, the standardized mean difference (SMD) before to after exercise of CRL was −0.11 (95% CI, −0.22 to 0.01), and compared with usual care postintervention, the SMD was −0.10 (95% CI, −0.24 to 0.04). Improvements after intervention were observed for pain, upper-body function and strength, lower-body strength, fatigue, and quality of life for those in the exercise group (SMD, 0.3–0.8 P 0.05). Findings support the application of exercise guidelines for the wider cancer population to those with or at risk of CRL. This includes promotion of aerobic and resistance exercise, and not just resistance exercise alone, as well as unsupervised exercise guided by symptom response.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 07-1971
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000002436
Abstract: To explore the characteristics and to report on the effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation strategies for people with an ankle fracture. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched to identify studies published from January 2010 to November 2021. Studies that described or evaluated postoperative rehabilitation strategies for surgically repaired ankle fractures were included. Data on postoperative rehabilitation were extracted in accordance with the Template for Intervention Description and Replication guide. Quality was assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Study Quality Assessment Tools. Meta-analysis was planned to look at the effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation strategies. Forty studies described postoperative rehabilitation strategies without evaluating effectiveness, whereas 15 studies focused on evaluating effectiveness. Because of the large variety in postoperative strategies and outcomes, narrative synthesis was deemed most suitable to answer our aims. Characteristics of postoperative rehabilitation strategies varied widely and were poorly described in a way that could not be replicated. Most of the studies (48%) used a late weight-bearing approach, although definitions and details around weight-bearing were unclear. Late weight-bearing has been the most common postoperative approach reported in the past 10 years. The variety of definitions around weight-bearing and the lack of details of rehabilitation regimens limit replication and affect current clinical practice. The authors propose to adopt consistent definitions and terminology around postoperative practices such as weight-bearing to improve evidence for effectiveness and ultimately patient outcomes. Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-01-2023
DOI: 10.1097/J.PAIN.0000000000002864
Abstract: Reduced conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and psychological distress co-occur frequently in many pain conditions. This study explored whether common negative pain cognitions and emotional factors were related to lower CPM in in iduals across the spectrum from acute to chronic pain. Previously collected data on the CPM effect, pain-related cognitions (fear of movement, pain catastrophizing), and emotional distress (depression, anxiety) through questionnaires from 1142 in iduals with acute, subacute, or chronic pain were used. The presence of negative psychological factors was dichotomized according to cutoff values for questionnaires. Associations between the presence of each negative psychological factor and the litude of pain reduction in the CPM paradigm was explored with Generalized Linear Models adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, and pain duration. A secondary analysis explored the cumulative effect of psychological factors on CPM. When dichotomized according to cutoff scores, 20% of participants were classified with anxiety, 19% with depression, 36% with pain catastrophizing, and 48% with fear of movement. The presence of any negative psychological factor or the cumulative sum of negative psychological factors was associated with lower CPM (in idual factor: β between −0.15 and 0.11, P ≥ 0.08 total: β between −0.27 and −0.12, P ≥ 0.06). Despite the common observation of psychological factors and reduced CPM in musculoskeletal pain, these data challenge the assumption of a linear relationship between these variables across in iduals with acute, subacute, and chronic pain. Arguably, there was a nonsignificant tendency for associations in nonexpected directions, which should be studied in a more homogenous population.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1995
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-07-2017
DOI: 10.1136/BJSPORTS-2016-097163
Abstract: Case–control design. Tendinopathy is characterised by pain on tendon loading. In persistent cases of upper limb tendinopathy, it is frequently associated with central nervous system sensitisation, whereas less commonly linked in the case of persistent lower limb tendinopathies. Compare somatosensory and psychological profiles of participants with persistent patellar (PT) and Achilles tendinopathies (AT) with pain-free controls. A comprehensive battery of Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) was assessed at standardised sites of the affected tendon and remotely (lateral elbow) by a blinded assessor. Participants completed the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment, a health-related quality of life questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Active Australia Questionnaire. Independent t-test and analysis of covariance (sex-adjusted and age-adjusted) were performed to compare groups. Participants with PT and AT did not exhibit differences from controls for the QST at the remote site, but there were differences at the affected tendon site. Compared with controls, participants with PT displayed significantly lower pressure pain threshold locally at the tendon (p=0.012) and fewer single limb decline squats before pain onset, whereas participants with AT only displayed fewer single heel raises before pain onset, but this pain was of a higher intensity. PT and AT appear to be predominantly local not widespread pain states related to loading of tendons without significant features of central sensitisation. Level 4.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1983
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1998
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 17-09-2018
DOI: 10.1117/12.2323877
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-07-2005
DOI: 10.1021/JE050074W
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 24-09-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2022802
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-12-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2202403
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 07-2003
DOI: 10.1364/AO.42.003981
Abstract: A visible and near-IR spectral study is presented for a translucent smooth polymer sheet in which dopant particles are clear polymer with a refractive index close to that of the clear polymer host. Diffuse, specular, and total reflectance and transmittance and absorptance as a function of sheet thickness and dopant levels approach ideal behavior for lighting applications. A fourth optical parameter, side loss S(T), is introduced to fully account for the measured data. This covers radiation that is trapped by total internal reflection (TIR) and travels sideways sufficiently far, including to the sheet's edges, to miss detection on exit. S(T) has a strong spectral character, whereas total T and R spectra closely follow the spectrally flat wavelength dependence of the undoped clear sheet. Three distinct regimes are identified for the behavior with wavelength of the specular and diffuse components and are linked to rear surface TIR and side loss.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-10-2022
DOI: 10.1111/AJCO.13869
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1985
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1992
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 06-06-1994
DOI: 10.1063/1.111334
Abstract: An exact expression for the polarizability of intersecting circular cylinders has been derived covering all degrees of intersection and arbitrary complex dielectric constants for the particle material. This enables a comparison between the induced dipole moment on two particles of almost identical shape a cardioid and a particular pair of overlapping cylinders. The absorption spectra in the small particle limit are extremely sensitive to the detailed shape of the surfaces near the point of intersection.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1996
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-08-2004
DOI: 10.1117/12.555953
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 1987
DOI: 10.1117/12.966979
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-12-1985
DOI: 10.1117/12.966295
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-05-2020
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 05-1972
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 02-2007
DOI: 10.1117/1.2711706
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-08-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2004
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-10-1994
DOI: 10.1063/1.357256
Abstract: The polarization of a pair of merging spheres and merging cylinders of any complex dielectric constant immersed in an external electric field has been solved. Any degree of intersection, including touching, is covered by the result. The method for cylinders is based on the solution of Laplace’s equation with boundary conditions on the conjugate surfaces in a modified bicylindrical frame. The result is presented as an integral over a continuum of eigenstates. For merging spherical particles solving the boundary problem requires a Miller–Fok integral transformation. Imaginary parts of polarizabilities were calculated for aluminum cylinders and spheres to assess the spectral absorption response of small merging particles. The relative spacing has a significant influence on optical response.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-09-2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.739251
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 03-1995
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 28-08-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.792207
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1984
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 11-09-1977
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-06-2008
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 29-07-2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4817588
Abstract: In sub-stoichiometric MoO3, electrical and optical responses across the solar spectrum are tunable and manifest a sharp phase transition in thin films at a specific oxygen content. Models of optical response in insulating and conducting regimes have been developed. Oxygen vacancies induce semiconducting response exactly proportional to the observed concentration of gap d-states until the transition. Ionization potential is thus tunable. Metallic thin films are never plasmonic at any stoichiometry and their conductivity, Hall mobility, carrier density, and plasma frequency are consistent, but either loss rate or effective mass mean metallic conduction is correlated rather than classical.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 05-1970
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 02-1993
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-09-2017
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 24-04-2020
DOI: 10.2196/15822
Abstract: Online support groups (OSGs) are one way for people with chronic diseases, their family or friends, and health professionals to communicate, gain information, and provide social support. As the number of peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions grows, it is important to gain insight into the different designs of groups available, who is accessing them, if and how they may be effective, and what strategies are being used to implement or increase consumer engagement. The objectives of this systematic review of people with musculoskeletal conditions were to (1) describe the design features (functions, usage options, moderation, and expert input) of peer-to-peer OSGs, (2) describe the characteristics of the in iduals using peer-to-peer OSGs, (3) synthesize the evidence on outcomes of participation, and (4) identify strategies used in the delivery and maintenance of OSGs. A search comprising terms related to the population (people with musculoskeletal disorders) and the intervention (peer-to-peer OSGs) was conducted in 6 databases. Results were filtered from 1990 (internet inception) to February 2019. Studies identified in the search were screened according to predefined eligibility criteria using a 2-step process. Quantitative studies were appraised by 2 reviewers using the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tool. Qualitative studies were appraised by 2 different reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Extracted data were synthesized narratively. We examined 21 studies with low to moderate risk of bias. Of these studies, 13 studies included OSGs hosted on public platforms, 11 studies examined OSGs that were conducted in English, and 6 studies used moderators or peer leaders to facilitate engagement. Studies either reported the number of OSG members (n=1985 across all studies) or the number of posts (range: 223-200,000). The majority of OSG members were females who were not full-time employees and with varied levels of education. There were no randomized controlled trials measuring the efficacy of OSGs. Qualitative and quantitative studies identified empowerment, social support, self-management behavior, and health literacy as primary constructs to measure OSG efficacy. Neutral or marginal improvement was reported in these constructs. Sharing experiences and a greater level of engagement appeared to have an important influence on OSGs efficacy. The extent to which members posted on the website influenced engagement. Across a erse range of designs, languages, included features, and delivery platforms, peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions attract predominantly female participants of all ages and education levels. The level of participation of a member appears to be related to their perceived benefit, health literacy, and empowerment. Future studies are needed to identify which design and maintenance strategies have superior efficacy and whether there are concomitant improvements in health outcomes for people with chronic musculoskeletal conditions resulting from participation in OSGs. PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42018090326 www.crd.york.ac.uk rospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018090326
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 30-08-2007
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 03-02-2009
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/8/085607
Abstract: Vanadium dioxide (VO(2)) undergoes a reversible metal-insulator transition, normally at approximately 68 degrees C. While the properties of continuous semi-transparent coatings of VO(2) are well known, there is far less information available concerning the potential use of discrete VO(2) nanoparticles as a thermochromic pigment in opaque coatings. In idual VO(2) nanoparticles undergo a localized plasmon resonance with near-infrared light at about 1100 nm and this resonance can be switched on and off by simply varying the temperature of the system. Therefore, incorporation of VO(2) nanoparticles into a coating system imbues the coating with the ability to self-adaptively modulate its own absorptive efficiency in the near-infrared. Here we examine the magnitude and control of this phenomenon. Prototype coatings are described, made using VO(2) powder produced by an improved process. The materials are characterized using calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and by measurement of optical properties.
Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
Date: 02-2009
DOI: 10.1117/1.3086489
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2002
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-12-2003
DOI: 10.1021/NL034948D
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1999
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-1994
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 24-08-2019
Abstract: steoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, disabling, and prevalent disorder. As there is no cure for OA, long-term self-management is paramount. Support groups (SGs) can facilitate self-management among people living with OA. Understanding preferences in design and features of SGs, including online SGs (OSGs), among people with OA can inform future development of SG interventions for this condition. he objective of this study was to investigate health care– and health information–seeking behavior, digital literacy, and preferences for the design of SGs in people with OA. The study also explored the perceived barriers and enablers to being involved in OSGs. n online survey study was conducted with a mixed method design (quantitative and qualitative). In iduals aged ≥45 years with knee, hip, or back pain for ≥3 months were recruited from an extant patient database of the Institute of Bone and Joint Research via email invitations. Quantitative elements of the survey included questions about sociodemographic background health care– and health information–seeking behavior digital literacy and previous participation in, and preferences for, SGs and OSGs. Respondents were classified into 2 groups (Yes-SG and No-SG) based on previous participation or interest in an SG. Group differences were assessed with Chi-square tests (significance level set at 5%). Responses to free-text questions relating to preferences regarding OSG engagement were analyzed qualitatively using an inductive thematic analysis. total of 415 people with OA completed the survey (300/415, 72.3% females 252/415, 61.0% lived in a major city). The Yes-SG group included 307 (307/415, 73.9%) participants. Between the Yes-SG and No-SG groups, there were no differences in sociodemographic characteristics, health care– and health information–seeking behavior, and digital literacy. An online format was preferred by 126/259 (48.7%) of the Yes-SG group. Trained peer facilitators were preferred, and trustworthiness of advice and information were highly prioritized by the respondents. Qualitative analysis for OSG participation revealed 5 main themes. Lack of time and motivation were the main barriers identified. The main enablers were related to accessibility, enjoyment of the experience, and the content of the discussed information. hese findings highlight the preferences in design features and content of SGs and OSGs and may assist in the further development of such groups.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2000
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 11-10-1999
DOI: 10.1117/12.367563
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1998
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-09-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1990
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-10-1993
DOI: 10.1117/12.161953
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 11-10-1999
DOI: 10.1117/12.367564
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1980
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 09-2003
DOI: 10.1364/AO.42.005112
Abstract: We present modeled results of the luminous and color outputs of a three-layer stack of fluorescent planar concentrators (FPCs). FPCs have the potential to provide sufficient luminous output to illuminate moderate-sized rooms for reasonably-sized collecting areas. It is of course necessary not only that the lumens be sufficient, but also that the light be sufficiently white as to be comfortable. Modeling shows that by use of a stack of three FPCs, one each of violet, green, and red, it is possible to achieve good color rendering and sufficient lighting levels for room illumination.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1983
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1982
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 04-08-2021
Abstract: steoarthritis (OA) is a major problem globally. First-line management comprises education and self-management strategies. Online support groups may be a low-cost method of facilitating self-management. he aim of this randomized controlled pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility of the study design and implementation of an evidence-informed, expert-moderated, peer-to-peer online support group (My Knee Community) for people with knee OA. The impacts on psychological determinants of self-management, selected self-management behaviors, and health outcomes were secondary investigations. his mixed methods study evaluated study feasibility (participant recruitment, retention, and costs), experimental intervention feasibility (acceptability and fidelity to the proposed design, including perceived benefit, satisfaction, and member engagement), psychological determinants (eg, self-efficacy and social support), behavioral measures, health outcomes, and harms. Of a total of 186, 63 (33.9%) participants (41/63, 65% experimental and 22/63, 35% control) with self-reported knee OA were recruited from 186 volunteers. Experimental group participants were provided membership to My Knee Community, which already had existing nonstudy members, and were recommended a web-based education resource (My Joint Pain). The control group received the My Joint Pain website recommendation only. Participants were not blinded to their group allocation or the study interventions. Participant-reported data were collected remotely using web-based questionnaires. A total of 10 experimental group participants also participated in semistructured interviews. The transcribed interview data and all forum posts by the study participants were thematically analyzed. tudy feasibility was supported by acceptable levels of retention however, there were low levels of engagement with the support group by participants: 15% (6/41) of participants did not log in at all the median number of times visited was 4 times per participant only 29% (12/41) of participants posted, and there were relatively low levels of activity overall on the forum. This affected the results for satisfaction (overall mean 5.9/10, SD 2.7) and perceived benefit (17/31, 55%: i yes /i ). There were no differences among groups for quantitative outcomes. The themes discussed in the interviews were i connections and support /i , i information and advice /i , and i barriers and facilitators /i . Qualitative data suggest that there is potential for people to derive benefit from connecting with others with knee OA by receiving support and assisting with unmet informational needs. lthough a large-scale study is feasible, the intervention implementation was considered unsatisfactory because of low levels of activity and engagement by members. We recommend that expectations about the support group need to be made clear from the outset. Additionally, the platform design needs to be more engaging and rewarding, and membership should only be offered to people willing to share their personal stories and who are interested in learning from the experiences of others. ustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001230145 anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377958
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 07-2005
Abstract: Spectral selectivity based on tuning the surface plasmon resonance in metallic nanoshells by variation of the relative shell thickness is shown to be limited by the interplay between scattering and absorption. To achieve resonance energies in the near infrared and infrared, relatively large cores are needed, which lead to strong and broad scattering bands and multipolar contributions in the visible. The scattering contribution to extinction is described with a new parameter Sdelta, which is defined for a wavelength range of interest A. This parameter can help in designing materials for specific applications where scattering is either hindering, as in near-infrared absorbers for visually clear windows, or actually desired, such as in particle-array-based sensors.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-1982
DOI: 10.1117/12.965784
Publisher: Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT)
Date: 06-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1989
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2009
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 24-06-2016
DOI: 10.1063/1.4954689
Abstract: Indium tin oxide (ITO) is the transparent electrode of choice for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Replacing ITO for cost and performance reasons is a major drive across optoelectronics. In this work, we show that changing the transparent electrode on red, blue, and yellow OLEDs from ITO to a multilayer buffered aluminium zinc oxide/silver/aluminium zinc oxide (AZO/Ag/AZO) substantially enhances total output intensity, with better control of colour, its constancy, and intensity over the full exit hemisphere. The thin Ag containing layer induces a resonant cavity optical response of the complete device. This is tuned to the emission spectra of the emissive material while minimizing internally trapped light. A complete set of spectral intensity data is presented across the full exit hemisphere for each electrode type and each OLED colour. Emission zone modelling of output spectra at a wide range of exit angles to the normal was in excellent agreement with the experimental data and hence could, in principle, be used to check and adjust production settings. These multilayer transparent electrodes show significant potential for both eliminating indium from OLEDs and spectrally shaping the emission.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 28-02-2005
DOI: 10.1117/12.582207
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1998
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-07-2014
DOI: 10.1021/NN501683F
Abstract: Since the discovery of graphene, growth of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials has greatly attracted attention. However, spontaneous growth of atomic two-dimensional (2D) materials is limitedly permitted for several layered-structure crystals, such as graphene, MoS2, and h-BN, and otherwise it is notoriously difficult. Here we report the gas-phase 2D growth of silicon (Si), that is cubic in symmetry, via dendritic growth and an interdendritic filling mechanism and to form Si nanosheets (SiNSs) of 1 to 13 nm in thickness. Thin SiNSs show strong thickness-dependent photoluminescence in visible range including red, green, and blue (RGB) emissions with the associated band gap energies ranging from 1.6 to 3.2 eV these emission energies were greater than those from Si quantum dots (SiQDs) of the similar sizes. We also demonstrated that electrically driven white, as well as blue, emission in a conventional organic light-emitting diode (OLED) geometry with the SiNS assembly as the active emitting layers. Tunable light emissions in visible range in our observations suggest practical implications for novel 2D Si nanophotonics.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 22-12-2020
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-01-2005
DOI: 10.1021/JP0450686
Abstract: The internal field patterns for gold shells filled with the same material as the surrounding medium are calculated with Mie theory and in the quasistatic approximation and their properties compared to the response of homogeneous spheres and metallic rings. One major difference between the sphere and shell case is that the areas of highest field enhancement in metallic shells are located perpendicular to the incident polarization, whereas for metallic spheres they are along the polarization direction. Recent results based on the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) are shown to be misleading, which might be due to the use of a too coarse grid size. We also show that the type of resonance and the associated internal field pattern (low or high energy) has a strong impact on the external fields.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 07-02-2022
Abstract: To assess the agreements and differences in pain drawings (pain area, shape and location) between in iduals who have greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) and their clinician. In this study, 23 patients with GTPS (21 female, pain duration range 8–24 months) underwent clinical evaluation by a registered physiotherapist. Digital 2d full body pain drawings were independently performed by the clinician during the subjective examination and by the patient following the physical examination. Levels of agreement [LoA] in the pain area were assessed with Bland–Altman plots. Differences in pain drawings were assessed visually by overlaying images, and by quantifying the differences in shape and location with the bounding box, and Jaccard index, respectively. Pain areas (/total pixels of the charts) did not differ in size (LoA mean difference less than −0.5% range −2.35–1.56%) or shape (bounding box p .17). However, there was minimal overlap in location (Jaccard index range 0.09–0.18/1 for perfect overlap). Patients and the clinician displayed differences in location of pain areas, but not size or shape, when they independently performed digital pain drawings. The reasons that underlie and the clinical impact of these differences remains unclear.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-1980
DOI: 10.1063/1.328276
Abstract: In the quest for an electroplated selective black coating stable to 500 °C in air, black cobalts have been prepared by three techniques to yield (a) plated cobalt sulphides, (b) plated cobalt oxide-hydroxide, and (c) cobalt oxide prepared by thermal oxidation of electropolated cobalt metal. The optical properties of the various coatings are analyzed before and after exposure to air for extended periods of time at temperatures in the 300 °–500 °C range. The sulfide black cobalt is not acceptable as a high-temperature selective absorber due to severe thermal degradation. The plated oxide is a good selective absorber to about 400 °C, and the thermally oxidized black to a slightly higher temperature, but degrades at 500 °C. Structure studies via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) are reported which yield a full account of the coating chemistry before and after heating. The studies reveal that the high solar absorptance of the acceptable black cobalt coatings is due to a continuation of a porous outer layer grading into nondense oxides of cobalt either CoO or Co3O4, depending on the film. Absorption is intrinsic but not due to metal particles as in black chrome. A limited amount of optical degradation occurs upon heating the oxide black cobalt in air due to oxidation of hydroxide. However, the major degradation problem is shown to be substrate oxidation in contrast to black chrome where film oxidation is the principal problem.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 12-12-1989
DOI: 10.1117/12.962181
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2001
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 10-05-2005
DOI: 10.1364/AO.44.002745
Abstract: Transparent refractive-index matched micro (TRIMM) particles have proved to be an excellent scattering component for use in translucent sheets. Measurements of hemispheric transmittance and reflectance versus angle of incidence, as well as angle-resolved studies of such translucent sheets, have been carried out to complement earlier published hemispheric reflectance and transmittance spectral measurements carried out at normal angle of incidence. Hemispheric values relative to angle of incidence are of interest for daylighting applications and building simulations, and angle-resolved measurements are vital for verifying that our modeling tools are reliable. Ray-tracing simulations based on Mie scattering for the in idual TRIMM particles and angle-resolved measurements are in good agreement, indicating that the simulation method used is practical for the design of new scattering profiles by varying particle concentration or refractive index.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 11-11-2003
DOI: 10.1117/12.508196
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1991
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1979
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 12-1991
DOI: 10.1117/12.49211
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 25-11-1992
DOI: 10.1117/12.130545
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1051/REES/2017047
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 27-10-2017
DOI: 10.1364/AO.56.008699
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 20-08-2009
DOI: 10.1117/12.825722
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 25-06-2002
DOI: 10.1117/12.472985
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-1989
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 15-12-2006
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-09-2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.733200
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 30-08-2017
DOI: 10.1117/12.2273598
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 20-10-2004
DOI: 10.1117/12.556282
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 06-09-2017
DOI: 10.1117/12.2274568
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-12-2022
Abstract: The aim of this study was to survey the perceptions of recent (i.e., within the past 12 months) Australian medical graduates regarding (i) their understanding of the lymphatic system and lymphoedema, and (ii) the extent to which the lymphatic system and lymphoedema were covered as part of their medical degree. Medical graduates were invited to participate in a 17-item online survey that asked respondents to rate their level of agreement (using a 5-point Likert scale higher scores = higher agreement) to statements that explored their understanding and comprehensiveness of their medical degree. Responses to each item were described using n (%). Subscale scores for understanding and medical degree were computed by summing scores of in idual items, described using means (SD) and compared by participant characteristics. Medical graduates (n = 230) perceived their understanding of the lymphatic system and lymphoedema to be low, and comprehensiveness of medical curricula specific to the lymphatic system and lymphoedema to be lacking. Subscale scores did not differ by participant characteristics. Improvement of medical graduates understanding of lymphoedema may facilitate greater awareness of lymphoedema, thus optimizing the timeliness of diagnosis and access to treatment.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1985
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-02-2016
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-06-2005
DOI: 10.1063/1.1924873
Abstract: Issues affecting the performance of polymers doped with conducting nanoparticles for use with windows are examined in terms of impact on visible and solar transmittance, solar heat gain, and residual scattering. Emphasis is on visible transmittance fixed in the range of 30%–75%, combined with maximal blocking of the near-infrared (NIR) component of solar energy in the wavelength range of 750–1300nm. Spectral data and surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) models of absorbance for LaB6 and indium tin oxide nanoparticles embedded in polymer are quite distinct from each other, but both can be used and each material has its advantages and disadvantages. The SPR of LaB6 nanoparticles is very efficient at NIR blocking, as it lies near 1000nm, but as a result its tail overlaps the visible. In contrast the SPR of ITO lies well beyond 1000nm and is thus far less efficient, only relying on its SPR tail. However, this means it only weakly affects the visible. Results of a quasistatic model for the optical properties are presented, along with comparisons to full Mie scattering calculations. It is found that ellipsoidal particles are required to explain the properties of the studied LaB6 particles, and that scattering can be significant in the NIR while weak in the visible. Furthermore, the forward-to-backward-scattering ratio is different for Rayleigh scattering in the visible and scattering near the SPR. The latter is much more isotropic, even for larger particles.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.MSKSP.2019.07.009
Abstract: Understanding of the biopsychosocial characteristics of greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), a prevalent lower limb tendinopathy, is currently lacking. To quantify differences in participant characteristics between in iduals with GTPS and healthy control participants. Systematic review of original studies with meta-analyses where appropriate. A comprehensive electronic search was undertaken in Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL for terms referring to GTPS. Studies that provided comparison of in iduals with clinically characterized GTPS with healthy controls were included. Study quality was rated with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cross Sectional Studies. Standardized mean differences were calculated and supported by narrative synthesis or meta-analyses where appropriate. Certainty of evidence was assessed based on the GRADE guidelines. The search revealed 2798 studies, of which 13 studies from five research groups were included. There were 229 participants with at least three months duration of GTPS and 193 control participants. In iduals with GTPS displayed larger greater trochanteric width, greater body mass index, lower hip abductor muscle strength, higher hip abductor muscle activity, altered single leg loading and gait parameters including shorter step length and velocity. No studies investigating psychological features or sensory perception were identified. Quality of life was investigated in a single study. Compared to healthy controls, participants with GTPS are more overweight, have poorer hip abductor muscle function and altered gait parameters. Overall quality of evidence across studies was very low based on GRADE guidelines.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1998
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 2004
Abstract: The output colour distributions from red, green and blue (RGB) LEDs mixed with cross linked PMMA micro particle doped PMMA mixing rods is compared to output from a plain PMMA mixing rod. Distinctive patterns with clear colour separation result with the undoped rod. These are homogenised by our mixers, resulting in white light. Light output has been photographed, measured and computer simulated at a distance of 10 cm from the output end of the rods.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 20-10-2014
DOI: 10.1364/AO.53.007157
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2003
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 09-1990
DOI: 10.1364/AO.29.003685
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 22-10-2008
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 17-12-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1992
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 12-1991
DOI: 10.1117/12.49218
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1990
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1984
Publisher: CRC Press
Date: 18-06-2014
DOI: 10.1201/B17046
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 09-08-2019
Abstract: nline support groups (OSGs) are one way for people with chronic diseases, their family or friends, and health professionals to communicate, gain information, and provide social support. As the number of peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions grows, it is important to gain insight into the different designs of groups available, who is accessing them, if and how they may be effective, and what strategies are being used to implement or increase consumer engagement. he objectives of this systematic review of people with musculoskeletal conditions were to (1) describe the design features (functions, usage options, moderation, and expert input) of peer-to-peer OSGs, (2) describe the characteristics of the in iduals using peer-to-peer OSGs, (3) synthesize the evidence on outcomes of participation, and (4) identify strategies used in the delivery and maintenance of OSGs. search comprising terms related to the population (people with musculoskeletal disorders) and the intervention (peer-to-peer OSGs) was conducted in 6 databases. Results were filtered from 1990 (internet inception) to February 2019. Studies identified in the search were screened according to predefined eligibility criteria using a 2-step process. Quantitative studies were appraised by 2 reviewers using the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tool. Qualitative studies were appraised by 2 different reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Extracted data were synthesized narratively. e examined 21 studies with low to moderate risk of bias. Of these studies, 13 studies included OSGs hosted on public platforms, 11 studies examined OSGs that were conducted in English, and 6 studies used moderators or peer leaders to facilitate engagement. Studies either reported the number of OSG members (n=1985 across all studies) or the number of posts (range: 223-200,000). The majority of OSG members were females who were not full-time employees and with varied levels of education. There were no randomized controlled trials measuring the efficacy of OSGs. Qualitative and quantitative studies identified empowerment, social support, self-management behavior, and health literacy as primary constructs to measure OSG efficacy. Neutral or marginal improvement was reported in these constructs. Sharing experiences and a greater level of engagement appeared to have an important influence on OSGs efficacy. The extent to which members posted on the website influenced engagement. cross a erse range of designs, languages, included features, and delivery platforms, peer-to-peer OSGs for chronic musculoskeletal conditions attract predominantly female participants of all ages and education levels. The level of participation of a member appears to be related to their perceived benefit, health literacy, and empowerment. Future studies are needed to identify which design and maintenance strategies have superior efficacy and whether there are concomitant improvements in health outcomes for people with chronic musculoskeletal conditions resulting from participation in OSGs. ROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42018090326 www.crd.york.ac.uk rospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018090326
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-08-2004
DOI: 10.1117/12.555971
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 06-2016
Abstract: Design and production of spectrally smart windows, walls, roofs and fabrics has a long history, which includes early ex les of applied nanophotonics. Evolving nanoscience has a special role to play as it provides the means to improve the functionality of these everyday materials. Improvement in the quality of human experience in any location at any time of year is the goal. Energy savings, thermal and visual comfort indoors and outdoors, visual experience, air quality and better health are all made possible by materials, whose “smartness” is aimed at designed responses to environmental energy flows. The spectral and angle of incidence responses of these nanomaterials must thus take account of the spectral and directional aspects of solar energy and of atmospheric thermal radiation plus the visible and color sensitivity of the human eye. The structures required may use resonant absorption, multilayer stacks, optical anisotropy and scattering to achieve their functionality. These structures are, in turn, constructed out of particles, columns, ultrathin layers, voids, wires, pure and doped oxides, metals, polymers or transparent conductors (TCs). The need to cater for wavelengths stretching from 0.3 to 35 μm including ultraviolet-visible, near-infrared (IR) and thermal or Planck radiation, with a spectrally and directionally complex atmosphere, and both being dynamic, means that hierarchical and graded nanostructures often feature. Nature has evolved to deal with the same energy flows, so biomimicry is sometimes a useful guide.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2004
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 04-1993
DOI: 10.1063/1.352947
Abstract: The problem of polarization of two touching spherical particles, of any complex dielectric constant, immersed in a uniform external electric field is solved exactly in the tangent-sphere frame. A straightforward integral over the continuum of eigenstates yields the dipole moment for fields parallel and perpendicular to the line joining the centers. Predictions are compared to those from a recent approximate model based on the method of images. A modified Clausius–Mossotti formalism is used to assess the impact on absorption and refraction at optical frequencies (in the quasistatic limit). Actual composite materials containing small touching sphere pairs are considered.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 21-09-2020
Abstract: Persistent tendinopathies were previously considered solely as peripheral conditions affecting the local tendinous tissue until quantitative sensory testing identified involvement of altered pain processing. In similar fashion, pain in patients with persistent plantar fasciopathy may also involve more than local tissue. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate potential differences in conditioned pain modulation and pressure and thermal pain thresholds, between in iduals with PF and healthy pain-free controls, as a precursor to a larger-scale study. We assessed 16 in iduals with plantar fasciopathy and 11 pain-free controls. Plantar fasciopathy diagnosis was: palpation pain of the medial calcaneal tubercle or the proximal plantar fascia, duration ≥3 months, pain intensity ≥2/10, and ultrasound-measured plantar fascia thickness ≥4 mm. Quantitative sensory tests were performed locally at the plantar heel and remotely on the ipsilateral elbow. Assessments included pain thresholds for pressure, heat and cold, and conditioned pain modulation measured as change in local resting pressure pain threshold with cold water hand immersion. Participants rated pain intensity at pain threshold. Additionally, the area and distribution of plantar fasciopathy pain was drawn on a digital body chart of the lower limbs. Descriptive analyses were performed and between-group differences/effects expressed as standardised mean differences ( d ). There was no conditioned pain modulation difference between participants with plantar fasciopathy and controls ( d = 0.1). Largest effects were on local pressure pain threshold and reported pain intensity on pressure pain threshold ( d 1.8) followed by pain intensity for heat and cold pain thresholds ( d = 0.3–1.5). According to the digital body chart, pain area extended beyond the plantar heel. The unlikelihood of a difference in conditioned pain modulation yet a pain area extending beyond the plantar heel provide a basis for exploring altered pain processing in a larger-scale study. This was the first study to investigate the presence of altered pain processing in in iduals with plantar fasciopathy using a conditioned pain modulation paradigm and thermal pain thresholds. We found no indication of an altered pain processing based on these measures, however, patients rated pain higher on thresholds compared to controls which may be important to clinical practice and warrants further exploration in the future.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 10-06-2003
DOI: 10.1063/1.1584092
Abstract: Window s les with a LaB6 nanoparticle-doped polymer laminate were tested for their performances in the reduction of solar heat gain. The near-infrared absorption, caused by the excitation of surface plasmons, was modeled using an average ellipsoid approach, including a size-induced broadening of the Drude part of the dielectric function. The resonance positions are well reproduced by this method and the size effect broadens the bulk resonance to an extent observed in the s le spectra. Additional broadening and spectral features observed in the absorption of the s les are attributed to shape and orientation effects.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2005
DOI: 10.1007/BF03215223
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2013
Start Date: 2014
End Date: 06-2018
Amount: $350,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 04-2004
End Date: 04-2007
Amount: $350,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 04-2002
End Date: 11-2006
Amount: $166,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 02-2006
End Date: 12-2010
Amount: $349,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 01-2009
End Date: 12-2013
Amount: $270,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 12-2003
End Date: 12-2004
Amount: $30,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2018
End Date: 12-2019
Amount: $425,200.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity